Positioning mechanism for workpiece feeding and discharging

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of workpiece feeding and discharging, in particular to a positioning mechanism for workpiece feeding and discharging. Comprising a chain base capable of moving circularly, a tool plate slidably connected to the chain base and used for installing a workpiece or a workpiece positioning tool, plate pieces fixedly connected to the tool plate and slidably connected to the two opposite sides of the chain base, and protruding pieces fixedly connected to the plate pieces and slidably connected to the side, away from the tool plate, of the chain base. The limiting pins can be connected to the tool plates in an inserted mode to limit movement of the tool plates, so that when the specification of the workpiece is changed and the tool plates move to the positions where the limiting pins can be away from the tool plates, the tool plates can be taken down from the corresponding chain bases, and convenience is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of workpiece loading and unloading, and in particular to a positioning mechanism used in workpiece loading and unloading. Background Art

[0002] Before a machine tool or machining center performs automated processing on a workpiece, in order to ensure that the workpiece processing quality is not greatly affected, the workpiece needs to be fixed using corresponding tooling to ensure the workpiece processing quality.

[0003] In order to load and unload the workpiece efficiently, chains and conveyor belts are used to drive the corresponding workpiece positioning tooling for cyclic transmission, so that when the workpiece moves to the loading station, the workpiece can be loaded more accurately. For example, the automatic lathe loading device with announcement number CN206544060U, the workpiece disc group is the workpiece positioning tooling and moves synchronously with the chain transmission to continuously load the workpiece.

[0004] In the above-mentioned related technologies, the workpiece disc assembly and the chain are fixed, so that when the workpiece to be processed changes, it is difficult to conveniently replace the workpiece disc assembly to adapt to the workpiece with changed specifications. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to make it more convenient to replace the workpiece positioning tooling, the present application provides a positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces.

[0006] The present application provides a positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces, which adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] A positioning mechanism used in loading and unloading of workpieces, comprising a chain seat capable of cyclic movement, a tooling plate slidably connected to the chain seat and for installing the workpiece or workpiece positioning tooling, a plate fixedly connected to the tooling plate and slidably connected to opposite sides of the chain seat, a convex piece fixedly connected to the plate and slidably connected to the side of the chain seat away from the tooling plate, and a limit pin that can be plugged into the tooling plate to limit the movement of the tooling plate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the protrusions and the plate can limit the movement of the tooling plate in two directions, so that the tooling plate can move in one direction relative to the chain seat, and then the limit pin is used to limit the movement of the tooling plate, so that the tooling plate can move stably along with the chain seat while being conveniently removed from the chain seat to replace the chain seat or move the tooling plate together with the workpiece to the processing station of the machine tool or machining center for accurate processing.

[0009] Optionally, a limit pin elastic member is provided in the chain seat for forcing the limit pin to move toward the tooling plate, a pin opening is formed at one end of the limit pin away from the tooling plate, a fixed pin withdrawal member is provided at one end of the pin opening of the limit pin, the limit pin can be inserted into the pin withdrawal member, the pin withdrawal member is formed with a pin withdrawal surface that can be slidably connected to the inner wall of the pin opening, the pin withdrawal surface is close to the side of the opening of the pin withdrawal member for the limit pin to enter as the proximal side, and the pin withdrawal surface is away from the side of the opening of the pin withdrawal member for the limit pin to enter as the distal side, and the distance between the proximal side and the tooling plate is smaller than the distance between the distal side and the tooling plate.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the tooling plate moves to the corresponding loading and unloading station, the limit pin can enter into the pin withdrawal part and detach from the tooling plate, so that the tooling plate can now be moved from the chain seat along a predetermined direction, so that the tooling plate can be accurately moved to the corresponding processing station along with the fixed workpiece or positioning tool, and there is no need to set up other more complicated structures to control the movement of the limit pin.

[0011] Optionally, the pin withdrawal surface is provided with two proximal sides, and the distal side is located between the two proximal sides.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the chain seat is running in the reverse direction, the pin withdrawal member can also smoothly disengage the limit pin from the tooling plate.

[0013] Optionally, the pin withdrawal member is formed with two pin withdrawal surfaces, and the limit pin can be located between the two pin withdrawal surfaces.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the limit pin is subjected to more stable force during the process of being separated from the tooling plate.

[0015] Optionally, the chain seat is provided with a locating pin that can be plugged into the tooling plate, the chain seat is provided with a locating pin elastic member that forces the locating pin to move toward the tooling plate, and a sensor member is provided at one end of the locating pin away from the tooling plate that can prevent the chain seat from moving when the locating pin is not plugged into the specified position of the tooling plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the locating pin can be correctly inserted into the tooling plate only when the tooling plate moves to the specified position on the chain seat, so that the external controller will control the chain seat to move when the distance between the locating pin and the sensor is at a predetermined value.

[0017] Optionally, the sensor is any one of a distance sensor, a proximity sensor and a limit switch.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the sensor element can be selected according to the needs.

[0019] Optionally, the opening of the tooling plate for inserting the locating pin is a locating opening, and the locating pin and / or the locating opening is formed with a pin-release surface, and the closer the pin-release surface is to the opposite sides of the chain seat, the larger the spacing is.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the tooling plate needs to be removed from the chain seat, the locating pin can automatically come out of the locating port, which will not affect the movement of the tooling plate and does not require the provision of a corresponding structure to control the movement of the locating pin.

[0021] Optionally, the chain seat can be sleeved and slidably connected with a kingpin, the kingpin is inserted into one end of the chain seat and is in a cone shape, and a kingpin power part is provided on the side of the kingpin away from the chain seat, which is fixed in position and can make the kingpin inserted into or away from the chain seat.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, after the limit pin enters the pin-out part and moves away from the tooling plate, the tooling plate will move a short distance before reaching the predetermined loading and unloading position, so that the tooling plate may move and produce a slight position deviation. At the same time, if a chain or conveyor belt is used for transmission, the tension of the chain or conveyor belt decreases during long-term use, which will cause a slight deviation in the moving position of the chain seat. For this reason, the main pin is inserted into the chain seat after the chain seat moves to the corresponding loading and unloading station to ensure that the chain seat at the loading and unloading station will not produce position deviations, so that the position of the tooling plate is not prone to slight deviations, thereby ensuring effective loading of the workpiece.

[0023] Optionally, the power rod of the kingpin power member is connected to a pin rack, and the pin rack is connected to several kingpins.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the stability of the chain seat at the loading and unloading stations is further improved.

[0025] Optionally, the kingpin power component is any one of an oil cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, an electric cylinder and an electric push rod.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the kingpin power component is selected according to demand.

[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The tooling plate can move stably with the chain seat, and the tooling plate can also be easily removed from the chain seat;

[0029] 2. The chain seat will move accordingly only after the tooling plate is installed in place. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of several chain seats and tooling plates arranged on a loading tower in the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the kingpin, the chain seat and the tooling plate located at the loading and unloading stations;

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 2Another perspective, with the chain seat and the tooling plate partially cut away;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of a pin removal component.

[0034] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Chain seat; 2. Tooling plate; 21. Positioning pin elastic member; 22. Sensing member; 23. Positioning opening; 24. Pin removal surface; 25. King pin; 26. King pin power member; 27. Pin rack; 28. Loading tower; 3. Plate member; 31. Protruding member; 32. Limiting pin; 33. Pin opening; 34. Limiting pin elastic member; 35. Pin withdrawal member; 36. Pin withdrawal surface; 37. Near side; 38. Far side; 39. Positioning pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] The present application embodiment discloses a positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces, referring to Figure 1 , including a chain seat 1 that can move in a cycle. Several chain seats 1 can be set and are slidably connected to a loading tower 28. The loading tower 28 can be fixed on the ground or on a workbench. In this embodiment, the loading tower 28 has a vertical waist shape. Two chains or conveyor belts can be set in the loading tower 28 to transmit along the waist-shaped periphery of the loading tower 28, so that the chain seat 1 can move in a cycle synchronously.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , each chain seat 1 is slidably fitted with a tooling plate 2, and the tooling plate 2 is fixed with bolts for the workpiece or positioning tool. The cross-section of one end of the chain seat 1 fitted with the tooling plate 2 can be T-shaped or wedge-shaped. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the chain seat 1 is T-shaped, and the surface of the tooling plate 2 close to the chain seat 1 is fixedly connected with two or two groups of plates 3. In this embodiment, the number of plates 3 is two, and the length direction of the plates 3 is perpendicular to the waist-shaped surface of the loading tower 28. The T-shaped surface of the chain seat 1 is perpendicular to the length direction of the plates 3. The two plates 3 are slidably connected to the opposite sides of the chain seat 1 along their own length directions. The ends of the two plates 3 away from the tooling plate 2 are fixedly connected with a protrusion 31, and the protrusion 31 is slidably connected to the side of the chain seat 1 away from the tooling plate 2, so that the tooling plate 2 can only move along the length direction of the plate 3 during installation and disassembly.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4Each chain seat 1 is sleeved with and slidably connected to a limit pin 32, which is inserted into the side of the tooling plate 2 so that the tooling plate 2 is not easily moved when the tooling plate 2 moves with the chain seat 1. A limit pin elastic member 34 is placed in the chain seat 1 to force the limit pin 32 to move toward the tooling plate 2. The limit pin elastic member 34 can be a compression spring or elastic rubber, and a circle of protrusions is formed on the outer wall of the circumference of the limit pin 32 in the tooling plate 2 so that the limit pin 32 is not easily completely pushed out of the chain seat 1 by the limit pin elastic member 34. A pin opening 33 is formed at one end of the limit pin 32 away from the tooling plate 2. The pin opening 33 can be in the shape of a circular ring with the same axis as the axis of the limit pin 32. A pin withdrawal member 35 is fixedly connected to the loading tower 28. The pin withdrawal member 35 is close to the chain seat 1 at the loading and unloading station. The pin withdrawal member 35 is vertically penetrated by one end of the limit pin 32 for setting the pin opening 33. The inner wall of the pin withdrawal member 35 has pin withdrawal surfaces 36 formed on two vertical side surfaces relative to each other. The pin withdrawal surface 36 can be slidably abutted against the inner wall of the pin opening 33. The upper and lower ends of the pin withdrawal surface 36 are both proximal sides 37 and the middle is the distal side 38. The proximal side 37 is closer to the tooling plate 2 than the distal side 38.

[0039] When the limit pin 32 enters the pin withdrawal member 35 , the inner wall around the pin opening 33 moves from the proximal side 37 to the distal side 38 along the pin withdrawal surface 36 , so that the limit pin 32 is disengaged from the tooling plate 2 , and then the tooling plate 2 can translate relative to the chain seat 1 .

[0040] Reference Figure 3 A kingpin power member 26 is detachably connected to the loading tower 28. The kingpin power member 26 can be any power source that can achieve linear movement, such as an oil cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, and an electric push rod. The power rod of the kingpin power member 26 is detachably connected to a pin rack 27. The two ends of the pin rack 27 that are far away from each other are fixedly connected with the kingpin 25. A corresponding guide sleeve can be provided in the loading tower 28 for the kingpin 25 to slide through, so that the kingpin 25 can move stably. The end of the kingpin 25 close to the chain seat 1 is conical, so that when there is a slight deviation in the position of the chain seat 1 when it is in the loading and unloading station, the kingpin 25 is plugged into the chain seat 1, so that the slight deviation in the position of the chain seat 1 can be eliminated, and then the tooling plate 2 can be smoothly moved from the chain seat 1 by an automatic unloading device such as a robotic arm.

[0041] In other implementations of this embodiment, the kingpin power member 26 can also be set at any position such as the outside of the loading tower 28, as long as the kingpin 25 can be plugged into the tooling plate 2 to achieve accurate positioning of the workpiece.

[0042] Reference Figure 3The chain seat 1 is sleeved and slidably connected with a positioning pin 39, which can be plugged into the side of the tooling plate 2 away from the loading tower 28 or the side close to the loading tower 28. In this application, the positioning pin 39 is plugged into the side of the tooling plate 2 close to the loading tower 28. The chain seat 1 is provided with a positioning pin elastic member 21 which is the same object as the limit pin elastic member 34. The positioning pin elastic member 21 forces the positioning pin 39 to move toward the tooling plate 2. The outer wall of the circumference of the positioning pin 39 located in the chain seat 1 can be formed with a protrusion, so that the positioning pin 39 is not easily completely pushed out of the chain seat 1 by the positioning pin elastic member 21. A sensor 22 is detachably connected to the loading tower 28, and the sensor 22 is any one of a distance sensor, a proximity sensor and a limit switch.

[0043] When the locating pin 39 is inserted into the specified position of the tooling plate 2, the distance between the locating pin 39 and the sensor 22 reaches a preset value, and the sensor 22 will transmit the corresponding distance signal to the external controller in real time. When the distance value between the locating pin 39 and the sensor 22 received by the external controller is within the preset range, the external controller will control the chain or conveyor belt in the loading tower 28 to transmit, so as to ensure that the chain seat 1 will move only when the tooling plate 2 is installed to the specified position.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 The opening of the tooling plate 2 for inserting the positioning pin 39 is the positioning opening 23, and the inner wall of the positioning opening 23 and / or the end face of the positioning pin 39 are formed as a pin-out surface 24, which can be in a truncated cone shape, so that when the tooling plate 2 is to be removed from the chain seat 1, the positioning pin 39 can be disengaged from the positioning opening 23. In addition, the depth of the positioning opening 23 is different from the depth of the opening of the tooling plate 2 for inserting the limit pin 32, so that when the positioning pin 39 is inserted into the opening of the tooling plate 2 for inserting the limit pin 32, it is not easy to generate an error signal, so as to ensure that the tooling plate 2 is in the correct position.

[0045] The implementation principle of a positioning mechanism used in loading and unloading of workpieces in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the chain seat 1 drives the tooling plate 2 to move to the loading and unloading station, the limit pin 32 enters the pin withdrawal part 35 to disengage from the tooling plate 2, and then the kingpin power part 26 forces the kingpin 25 to be inserted into the chain seat 1, and then the corresponding mechanical arm and other mechanisms transfer the tooling plate 2 to the processing station, and move the tooling plate 2 that has completed the workpiece processing before to the chain seat 1, and make the positioning pin 39 inserted into the positioning port 23, and then all the chain seats 1 are driven again, so that a new chain seat 1 brings the corresponding tooling plate 2 to the loading and unloading station, preparing for the next round of workpiece loading and unloading.

[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces, characterized in that: The invention comprises a chain seat (1) capable of cyclic movement, a tooling plate (2) slidably connected to the chain seat (1) and for mounting a workpiece or a workpiece positioning tool, a plate (3) fixedly connected to the tooling plate (2) and slidably connected to opposite sides of the chain seat (1), a protrusion (31) fixedly connected to the plate (3) and slidably connected to a side of the chain seat (1) facing away from the tooling plate (2), and a limit pin (32) capable of being plugged into the tooling plate (2) to limit the movement of the tooling plate (2).

2. A positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chain seat (1) is provided with a limit pin elastic member (34) for forcing the limit pin (32) to move toward the tooling plate (2); a pin opening (33) is formed at one end of the limit pin (32) away from the tooling plate (2); a fixed pin withdrawal member (35) is provided at one end of the limit pin (32) where the pin opening (33) is provided; the limit pin (32) can be inserted into the pin withdrawal member (35); the pin withdrawal member (35) is formed with a pin withdrawal surface (36) that can be slidably connected to the inner wall of the pin opening (33); the side of the pin withdrawal surface (36) close to the opening of the pin withdrawal member (35) for the limit pin (32) to enter is the proximal side (37); the side of the pin withdrawal surface (36) away from the opening of the pin withdrawal member (35) for the limit pin (32) to enter is the distal side (38); the distance between the proximal side (37) and the tooling plate (2) is smaller than the distance between the distal side (38) and the tooling plate (2).

3. A positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pin withdrawal surface (36) is provided with two proximal sides (37), and the distal side (38) is located between the two proximal sides (37).

4. A positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pin withdrawal member (35) is formed with two pin withdrawal surfaces (36), and the limiting pin (32) can be located between the two pin withdrawal surfaces (36).

5. The positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The chain seat (1) is provided with a positioning pin (39) that can be plugged into the tooling plate (2), the chain seat (1) is provided with a positioning pin elastic member (21) that forces the positioning pin (39) to move toward the tooling plate (2), and a sensor member (22) is provided at one end of the positioning pin (39) away from the tooling plate (2) that can prevent the chain seat (1) from moving when the positioning pin (39) is not plugged into a specified position of the tooling plate (2).

6. A positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sensor (22) is any one of a distance sensor, a proximity sensor and a limit switch.

7. A positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening of the tooling plate (2) for inserting the positioning pin (39) is a positioning opening (23), and the positioning pin (39) and / or the positioning opening (23) are formed with a pin-release surface (24), and the closer the pin-release surface (24) is to the chain seat (1), the larger the distance between the two opposite sides thereof.

8. The positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The chain seat (1) can be sleeved with and slidably connected to a main pin (25), the main pin (25) being inserted into one end of the chain seat (1) and being in a conical shape, and a main pin power member (26) which is fixed in position and can enable the main pin (25) to be inserted into or away from the chain seat (1) is provided on the side of the main pin (25) away from the chain seat (1).

9. A positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power rod of the kingpin power member (26) is connected to a pin bracket (27), and the pin bracket (27) is connected to a plurality of kingpins (25).

10. A positioning mechanism for loading and unloading workpieces according to claim 8, characterized in that: The kingpin power member (26) is any one of an oil cylinder, a gas cylinder, an electric cylinder and an electric push rod.

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