Efficient rotor condenser based on carbon melting loss principle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of condensers, and discloses a high-efficiency rotor condenser based on a carbon melting loss principle, which comprises a first condensation chamber and a second condensation chamber, the first condensation chamber is communicated with the second condensation chamber, and zinc raising components are arranged in the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber. The zinc raising assembly is used for raising zinc liquid to exchange heat with zinc-containing mixed gas; the inner lining layer is distributed on the inner side of the cavity wall of the first condensation chamber, the inner lining layer is in direct contact with the zinc-containing mixed gas entering the first condensation chamber, and the inner lining layer and the zinc-containing mixed gas are subjected to a carbon melting loss reaction. The inside liners are arranged in the multi-stage condensation chamber, so that the inside liners and the zinc-containing mixed gas are subjected to carbon melting loss reaction, zinc is prevented from being reoxidized in the condensation process, meanwhile, the temperature can be reduced, and the condensation effect is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of condensers, and more specifically, particularly to a high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle. Background Art

[0002] There are two main ways to extract metallic zinc from zinc-containing ores and zinc-containing solid wastes, namely pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. Pyrometallurgy is to heat zinc-containing ores or solid wastes to the reduction temperature to obtain zinc-containing vapor. When the high-temperature zinc-containing mixed gas passes through the condensing device, it contacts the condensing medium (zinc droplets) raised by the graphite rotor, so that the gaseous zinc in the mixed gas condenses into liquid zinc.

[0003] When zinc ore or solid waste is treated by pyrometallurgical zinc smelting, the condensation of zinc vapor is an important step in determining the final zinc product recovery rate. The zinc vapor condenser uses the low-temperature zinc droplets raised by the graphite rotor to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature zinc-containing mixed gas produced by pyrometallurgical zinc smelting, so that the mixed gas quickly dissipates heat to maximize condensation to obtain liquid zinc and achieve the maximum recovery rate.

[0004] Zinc vapor is accompanied by reoxidation during the condensation process, which directly affects the condensation efficiency. There are two balances in the condensation process of zinc vapor:

[0005] System I Zn(g)→Zn(l) physical process (condensation)

[0006]

[0007] These two processes are the focus of the entire condensation process. In the existing pyrometallurgical zinc smelting system, the generation of CO2 gas is unavoidable, and the zinc reoxidation problem caused by it has always been one of the important factors limiting the output and recovery rate of crude zinc. From a thermodynamic point of view, the oxidation of Zn(g) is inevitable under certain conditions, and from a kinetic point of view, the oxidation of Zn(g) will take precedence over the liquefaction process of Zn(g).

[0008] At present, most companies increase the residence time of zinc-containing mixed gas in the condenser (by expanding the capacity of the condensation chamber, increasing the number of condensation chambers, and building condensation retaining walls, etc.) to improve the condensation efficiency. However, these methods only create more sufficient condensation conditions at the physical level and cannot fundamentally solve the chemical problem of zinc vapor reoxidation, which makes it impossible to further improve the condensation efficiency.

[0009] Therefore, the utility model mainly solves the problem of zinc vapor reoxidation in the condenser of the zinc-containing mixed gas, so as to fundamentally improve the zinc recovery rate of pyrometallurgical zinc smelting. Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting principle to solve the problems existing in the prior art. By arranging an inner lining layer in a multi-stage condensation chamber, a carbon melting reaction occurs between the inner lining layer and the zinc-containing mixed gas, thereby avoiding re-oxidation of zinc during the condensation process, and at the same time being able to reduce the temperature and promote the condensation effect.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following solution: The utility model provides a high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting principle, including: a first condensation chamber and a second condensation chamber, the first condensation chamber is connected to the second condensation chamber, and the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber are both provided with zinc lifting components, and the zinc lifting components are used to lift zinc liquid and exchange heat with zinc-containing mixed gas; an inner lining layer, the inner lining layer is distributed on the inner side of the cavity wall of the first condensation chamber, the inner lining layer is in direct contact with the zinc-containing mixed gas entering the first condensation chamber, and undergoes carbon melting reaction with the zinc-containing mixed gas.

[0012] Furthermore, the lining layer is a carbon lining.

[0013] Furthermore, the first condensation chamber includes an inclined portion and a horizontal portion, the inclined portion is located above the horizontal portion, the zinc-containing mixed gas is introduced into the first condenser through the inclined portion, and the zinc-containing mixed gas is condensed in the horizontal portion.

[0014] Furthermore, a retaining wall is provided at the end of the inclined portion, the horizontal portion is provided below the retaining wall, a first dust retaining wall is provided in the first condensation chamber, and a second dust retaining wall is provided in the second condensation chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the zinc lifting component includes a driving member and a rotating member, the driving member drives the rotating member to rotate, and the rotating member is located in the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber, and is used to lift the zinc liquid and exchange heat with the zinc-containing mixed gas.

[0016] Furthermore, the driving member includes a motor, a belt and a pulley, the belt is sleeved on the pulley, the belt is driven by the motor and drives the pulley to rotate, and the pulley is connected to a zinc raising member.

[0017] Furthermore, the zinc extraction member includes a rotor rod and a graphite rotor, the bottom of the rotor rod is connected to the graphite rotor, and the top of the rotor rod is connected to the pulley.

[0018] Furthermore, zinc liquid is provided in both the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber, the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber are connected via a gas channel, the zinc liquids are connected via a liquid channel, the first condensation chamber is provided with a gas inlet, the second condensation chamber is provided with a gas outlet, and flow grooves are provided outside the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, the graphite rotor extends into the interior of the zinc liquid.

[0020] Furthermore, a steel shell is provided outside the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber, and angle steel and channel steel are provided at the bottom.

[0021] The utility model discloses the following technical effects:

[0022] A first condensation chamber and a second condensation chamber are provided, and the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber are connected to each other, which can increase the condensation efficiency. An inner lining layer is provided inside the first condensation chamber. The inner lining layer undergoes a reduction reaction with the carbon dioxide in the zinc-containing mixed gas, namely, a carbon melting reaction. The resultant carbon monoxide creates a reducing atmosphere in the condensation chamber, which solves the chemical level problem of zinc vapor reoxidation, thereby improving the recovery rate of zinc. The reduction reaction between the inner lining layer and carbon dioxide is an endothermic reaction, which can reduce the temperature in the condensation chamber and improve the condensation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model from another angle;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first condensation chamber in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second condensation chamber in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a top view of the utility model as a whole;

[0029] Among them, 1. the first condensation chamber; 2. the gas inlet; 3. the gas channel; 4. the pulley; 5. the rotor rod; 6. the graphite rotor; 7. the angle steel; 8. the channel steel; 9. the first ash retaining wall; 10. the retaining wall; 11. the zinc liquid; 12. the steel shell; 13. the second condensation chamber; 14. the liquid channel; 15. the second ash retaining wall; 16. the gas outlet; 17. the circulation trough; 18. the motor; 19. the belt; 20. the discharge trough; 21. the inner lining layer; 22. the refractory layer; 23. the thermal insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the utility model provides a high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle, including: a first condensation chamber 1 and a second condensation chamber 13, the first condensation chamber 1 is connected to the second condensation chamber 13, at least one group of zinc extraction components are arranged in the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber; an inner lining layer 21, the inner lining layer 21 can be selectively distributed on the inner side of the condensation chamber wall, the inner lining layer 21 is in direct contact with the zinc-containing mixed gas entering the condensation chamber, and undergoes a carbon melting loss reaction with the zinc-containing mixed gas.

[0033] The first condensation chamber 1 is connected to the second condensation chamber 13 through the gas channel 3. A low-temperature zinc liquid pool and at least one group of zinc lifting components are provided in the first condensation chamber 1 and the second condensation chamber 13. The zinc lifting components are used to lift the zinc liquid 11 for heat exchange with the zinc-containing mixed gas. The zinc liquid 11 is located in the low-temperature zinc liquid pool, and the temperature of the zinc liquid 11 is lower than the temperature of the zinc-containing mixed gas.

[0034] The first condensation chamber 1 includes an inclined portion and a horizontal portion. The inclined portion is located above the horizontal portion. A retaining wall 10 is provided at the end of the inclined portion to prevent zinc rain from splashing out from the inlet and to prolong the residence time of the mixed gas. The zinc-containing mixed gas is introduced into the horizontal portion of the first condensation chamber 1 from the lower part of the retaining wall 10; a first ash retaining wall 9 is provided in the first condensation chamber 1. The first ash retaining wall 9 is located on one side of the zinc liquid pool and is higher than the liquid level of the zinc liquid 11, and is used to prevent the zinc ash and blue powder floating on the zinc liquid surface in the first condensation chamber 1 from wearing the zinc raising components and affecting the direct recovery rate; the zinc liquid pool is located at the bottom of the first condensation chamber 1, and the height of the zinc liquid pool is set to be more than 300 mm. The zinc liquid pool is connected to the outside through a discharge trough 20 to discharge the condensed zinc liquid 11. Cooling circulating water pipes are installed on the outside and bottom of the condenser to adjust the temperature of the zinc liquid pool in each condensation chamber within a reasonable range (480°C~520°C) to ensure the condensation efficiency of each condensation chamber.

[0035] The first condensation chamber 1 is provided with a gas inlet 2 , which is connected to a gas outlet of zinc-containing mixed gas of pyrometallurgical zinc smelting, and the zinc-containing mixed gas enters the first condensation chamber 1 through the gas inlet 2 .

[0036] A zinc liquid pool is also provided at the bottom of the second condensation chamber 13, and the height of the zinc liquid pool is set to be more than 3 mm. Low-temperature zinc liquid 11 is placed in the zinc liquid pool, that is, the temperature of the zinc liquid 11 is lower than the temperature of the zinc-containing mixed gas. A second ash retaining wall 15 is provided in the second condensation chamber 13. The second ash retaining wall 15 is located on one side of the zinc liquid pool in the second condensation chamber 13, and is used to prevent zinc ash and blue powder floating on the zinc liquid surface in the second condensation chamber 13 from wearing the zinc raising components and affecting the direct recovery rate; the zinc liquid pool in the second condensation chamber 13 is also connected to the outside through the discharge trough 20, which is used to discharge the condensed zinc liquid 11; cooling circulating water pipes are installed on the outside and bottom of the second condensation chamber 13, which are used to adjust the temperature of the zinc liquid pool in each condensation chamber within a reasonable range (480°C~520°C) to ensure the condensation efficiency of each condensation chamber.

[0037] The outer side of the first condensation chamber 1 and the second condensation chamber 13 is a steel shell 12, that is, a steel water-cooled outer shell, the inner side of the steel shell 12 is an insulation layer 23, the inner side of the insulation layer 23 is a fire-resistant layer 22, the inner side of the fire-resistant layer 22 in the first condensation chamber 1 is an inner lining layer 21, and the inner lining layer 21 is located in the inner cavity of the first condensation chamber 1; angle steels 7 and channel steels 8 are arranged around and at the bottom of the first condensation chamber 1 and the second condensation chamber 13 for reinforcement to prevent deformation and displacement of the condensation chamber cavity.

[0038] The lining layer 21 is made of a carbon lining material. In this embodiment, the lining layer 21 uses graphite bricks, carbon bricks, or silicon carbide bricks, but is not limited to the above carbon lining materials. The thickness of the lining layer 21 is set to 5 mm.

[0039] The main components of the zinc-containing mixed gas are CO, CO2 and Zn, etc., and it carries a large amount of heat, and the temperature can be as high as 1000°C or above. Under high temperature conditions, zinc vapor will inevitably be oxidized to ZnO by CO2, affecting the zinc recovery rate. The purpose of this device is to fully inhibit the reoxidation reaction of CO2 and zinc, and provide a high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting principle. As shown in the following formula, a carbon melting reaction will occur between the CO2 gas in the mixed gas and the carbonaceous lining material (graphite bricks, carbon bricks or silicon carbide bricks, etc.). This reaction has the following two benefits: (1) The generated gas product CO can create a reducing atmosphere in the condenser; (2) This reaction is an endothermic reaction, which is beneficial to reduce the temperature in the condenser.

[0040] Carbon melting loss reaction: C+CO2=2COΔG=170.70-0.1754T

[0041] According to the thermodynamic analysis of the reaction, it can be found that when the temperature is above 700°C, the carbon melting reaction can occur smoothly. According to the previous field experience and simulation research results, this temperature range mainly exists in the first condensation chamber 1, and the temperature in the second condensation chamber 13 is generally lower than 600°C, which is not conducive to the reaction. Therefore, the utility model adds a 5mm thick layer of carbon lining material (graphite brick, carbon brick or silicon carbide brick, etc.) on the basis of the original design of the first condensation chamber 1 of the condenser, creates a reducing atmosphere in the first condensation chamber 1, effectively inhibits the reoxidation of zinc, reduces the condenser temperature, and improves the recovery rate of zinc products. The device installs a carbon lining material (graphite brick, carbon brick or silicon carbide brick, etc.) on the inner wall of the first condensation chamber 1, so that the high-temperature zinc-containing mixed gas entering the condenser undergoes a carbon melting reaction with it, consumes the CO2 gas in the mixed gas, effectively increases the reducing atmosphere in the condenser, inhibits the reoxidation of zinc vapor, reduces the internal temperature of the condenser, and improves the recovery rate of zinc. Without changing the original condenser appearance design, the recovery rate of zinc-containing ore / solid waste treatment is increased to no less than 96%, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0042] The zinc raising component includes a driving member and a zinc raising member. The driving member drives the rotating member to rotate. The rotating member is located in the first condensation chamber 1 and the second condensation chamber 13 and is used to raise the zinc liquid 11 to exchange heat with the zinc-containing mixed gas. The driving member includes a motor 18, a belt 19 and a pulley 4. The belt 19 is sleeved on the pulley 4. The belt 19 is driven by the motor 18 and drives the pulley 4 to rotate. The pulley 4 is connected to the zinc raising member. The zinc raising member includes a rotor rod 5 and a graphite rotor 6. The bottom of the rotor rod 5 is connected to the graphite rotor 6, and the top of the rotor rod 5 is connected to the pulley 4. The first ash retaining wall 9 and the second ash retaining wall 15 are both located on the side close to the graphite rotor 6.

[0043] The air inlet of the condenser is connected to the outlet of the zinc-containing mixed gas of the pyrometallurgical zinc smelting, and the air outlet is connected to the exhaust pipe. The power is transmitted between the pulley 4 and the motor through the belt 19. Each condensing chamber is provided with at least one set of condensing rotor devices. One end of the rotor rod 5 equipped with a graphite rotor 6 extends into the zinc liquid pool at the bottom of the furnace, forming an angle of 45° with the zinc liquid level. The center line of the graphite rotor 6 is located at ±20 to 30 mm from the zinc liquid level. The end of the pulley 4 is located above the outside of the condenser, and the rotor bracket is provided with a water jacket of a water-cooled ball drive shaft.

[0044] The temperature of the zinc-containing mixed gas at the gas inlet 2 of the first condensation chamber 1 is not less than 900°C, and the inclination angle of the inclined part is 30°~60°; the rotation speed of the graphite rotor 6 in the two condensation chambers is not less than 300r / min, the diameter is 300~400mm, the linear velocity of the zinc liquid 11 drops leaving the graphite rotor 6 is 0.5~15.0m / s, and the temperature of the bottom zinc liquid pool is controlled between 480°C and 520°C. The zinc vapor is rapidly condensed with zinc rain droplets as condensation nuclei, aggregated into liquid zinc, and falls into the bottom zinc liquid pool.

[0045] The motor 18 is located outside the first condensation chamber 1 and the second condensation chamber 13. The motor 18 transmits power to the pulley 4 above the condenser through the belt 19, and then drives the rotor rod 5 and the graphite rotor 6 to rotate through the pulley 4. The low-temperature zinc liquid 11 lifted by the graphite rotor 6 in the first condensation chamber 1 and the second condensation chamber 13 exchanges heat with the high-temperature zinc-containing mixed gas introduced into the inlet. After the above two condensation processes, the zinc-containing mixed gas flows out of the condenser from the gas outlet 16 at the top of the second condensation chamber 13, and the outlet is connected to the exhaust pipe, thereby completing the condensation and collection of zinc vapor.

[0046] The zinc liquid pools at the bottom of the first condensation chamber 1 and the second condensation chamber 13 are connected through a liquid channel 14, and the zinc liquid 11 flows through a circulation groove 17 outside the first condensation chamber 1 and the second condensation chamber 13 and is discharged from a discharge trough 20. The circulation groove 17 is around the outer periphery of the first condensation chamber 1 and the second condensation chamber 13, so that the zinc liquid 11 in the circulation groove 17 is externally circulated. The external circulation discharge trough 20 can cooperate with other cooling equipment (U-shaped tube, etc.) to control the temperature of the zinc liquid 11, and can discharge the zinc liquid 11 ingots regularly or continuously.

[0047] The device has good versatility and can be widely used in the collection and treatment of easily oxidizable metal vapors. The device has a simple structure and is easy to install and maintain.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0049] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred methods of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle, characterized in that: include: A first condensation chamber (1) and a second condensation chamber (13), wherein the first condensation chamber (1) is connected to the second condensation chamber (13), and a zinc lifting component is provided in each of the first condensation chamber (1) and the second condensation chamber (13), wherein the zinc lifting component is used to lift up the zinc liquid (11) to exchange heat with the zinc-containing mixed gas; An inner lining layer (21), the inner lining layer (21) is distributed on the inner side of the cavity wall of the first condensation chamber (1), the inner lining layer (21) is in direct contact with the zinc-containing mixed gas entering the first condensation chamber (1), and undergoes a carbon melting reaction with the zinc-containing mixed gas.

2. The high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lining layer (21) is a carbon lining.

3. The high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first condensation chamber (1) comprises an inclined portion and a horizontal portion, the inclined portion is located above the horizontal portion, the zinc-containing mixed gas is introduced into the first condensation chamber (1) through the inclined portion, and the zinc-containing mixed gas is condensed in the horizontal portion.

4. The high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A retaining wall (10) is provided at the end of the inclined portion, and the horizontal portion is located below the retaining wall (10). A first dust retaining wall (9) is provided in the first condensation chamber (1), and a second dust retaining wall (15) is provided in the second condensation chamber (13).

5. The high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The zinc extraction assembly comprises a driving member and a rotating member, wherein the driving member drives the rotating member to rotate, the driving member is located outside the first condensation chamber (1) and the second condensation chamber (13), and the rotating member is located inside the first condensation chamber (1) and the second condensation chamber (13).

6. The high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The driving member comprises a motor (18), a belt (19) and a pulley (4); the belt (19) is sleeved on the pulley (4); the belt (19) is driven by the motor (18) and drives the pulley (4) to rotate; and the pulley (4) is connected to a zinc raising member.

7. The high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The zinc-raising component comprises a rotor rod (5) and a graphite rotor (6); the bottom of the rotor rod (5) is connected to the graphite rotor (6), and the top of the rotor rod (5) is connected to the pulley (4).

8. The high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Zinc liquid (11) is arranged in both the first condensation chamber (1) and the second condensation chamber (13); the first condensation chamber (1) and the second condensation chamber (13) are connected via a gas channel (3); the zinc liquids (11) are connected via a liquid channel (14); the first condensation chamber (1) is provided with a gas inlet (2); the second condensation chamber (13) is provided with a gas outlet (16); and the first condensation chamber (1) and the second condensation chamber (13) are provided with flow grooves (17) outside.

9. The high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The graphite rotor (6) extends into the interior of the zinc liquid (11).

10. The high-efficiency rotor condenser based on the carbon melting loss principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A steel shell (12) is provided outside the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber, and angle steel (7) and channel steel (8) are provided at the bottom.

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