Alternating current closed induction motor

Abstract

In order to improve the energy efficiency and the power-to-weight ratio of the AC induction motor, the current direction of the lead frame of the AC closed induction motor surrounds along the axial direction and the end face of the inductor to form a closed induction magnetic field, so that the power-to-weight ratio and the energy efficiency can be improved. The motor structure comprises a rotor, a casing, a lead frame and a bearing, or comprises a rotor, a casing, a lead frame, a bearing and a stator, and is characterized in that the rotor comprises a shaft rod and an inductor, the casing is a fixing piece for supporting the lead frame and the rotor, the lead frame is a rectangular lead winding, has two phases or three phases and is distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, and the stator is a stator. The rotor is sleeved with the lead frame, the lead frame is electrified with alternating current to form a rotating magnetic field, closed-loop current and a radial magnetic field are generated in the rotor, and the rotating magnetic field drags the rotor to rotate relatively in the lead frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a motor, in particular to an AC closed induction motor with a closed electromagnetic field. Background Art

[0002] The existing various AC motors are electric traction devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. They are mainly composed of a stator, a rotor and the air gap between them. After the stator winding is connected to a three-phase AC power supply, a rotating magnetic field is generated and the rotor is cut to obtain torque. The three-phase AC asynchronous motor has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, low price, strong overload capacity, and convenient use, installation and maintenance. It is widely used in various fields. The stator consists of three parts: the core, the winding and the base. The rotor consists of an iron core and a winding. The rotor winding is a squirrel cage type and a wire wound type. The squirrel cage rotor is composed of copper bars inserted into the rotor core slot, and then all the copper bars are welded to two copper end rings; the wire wound rotor winding is the same as the stator winding, and the winding is composed of a coil and placed in the rotor core slot. Although the structures of the squirrel cage and wire wound motors are different, the working principles are the same.

[0003] The working principle of the three-phase asynchronous motor is based on the interaction between the stator rotating magnetic field (the synthetic magnetic field generated by the three-phase current in the stator winding) and the rotor current (the current in the rotor winding). When the symmetrical three-phase winding of the stator is connected to a three-phase power supply, a symmetrical three-phase current will be passed into the winding, and a rotating magnetic field will be generated in space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference of the stator. When the magnetic field rotates, the conductor of the rotor winding cuts the magnetic flux to generate an induced electromotive force E. Due to the existence of the electromotive force E, a rotor current I will be generated in the rotor winding. According to Ampere's electromagnetic force law, the interaction between the rotor current and the rotating magnetic field will generate an electromagnetic force F (its direction is determined by the left-hand rule). This force forms an electromagnetic torque on the rotor shaft, and the direction of the torque is the same as the direction of rotation of the rotating magnetic field. The rotor is affected by this torque and rotates in the direction of rotation of the rotating magnetic field. However, the rotation speed n of the rotor is always smaller than the rotation speed n0 of the rotating magnetic field (called the synchronous speed), because if the two speeds are equal, there is no relative motion between the rotor and the rotating magnetic field, and the rotor conductor does not cut the magnetic flux, so the induced electromotive force and current cannot be generated, and there is no electromagnetic torque, and the rotor will not continue to rotate. Therefore, the speed difference between the rotor and the rotating magnetic field is the main factor to ensure the rotation of the rotor.

[0004] The switched reluctance motor is an AC motor. When the rotor rotates, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit must change as much as possible. Therefore, the stator and rotor of the motor both adopt a double salient pole structure and are made of stacked silicon steel sheets. A simple concentrated winding is installed on each stator pole, and the windings on the two radially opposite stator poles are connected in series or in parallel to form one phase. There are no windings or permanent magnets on the rotor. According to the number of phases of the motor, it can be divided into odd phases and even phases. According to the magnetic circuit structure of the motor, it can be divided into a two-pole long magnetic circuit structure and a four-pole short magnetic circuit structure. According to the power-on excitation mode of the motor, there are single-phase excitation and multi-phase excitation.

[0005] The synchronous reluctance motor is essentially a synchronous motor with reluctance properties. Its operating principle is similar to that of the switched reluctance motor, and it is fundamentally different from traditional AC and DC motors. Unlike traditional motors, it does not rely on the interaction between the stator and rotor magnetic fields to form torque, but follows the principle that the magnetic flux is always closed along the path with the minimum reluctance. The magnetic pull generated by the reluctance change caused by the rotor at different positions forms torque. This torque is called reluctance torque. Unlike the stator switch rotating magnetic field of the switched reluctance motor, the stator magnetic field of the synchronous reluctance motor is a sinusoidal rotating magnetic field. The stator of the synchronous reluctance motor generally adopts the stator structure of the traditional three-phase AC motor, but its rotor structure is relatively special, with many slots on the rotor. The special rotor structure realizes the huge reluctance difference between the AC and DC axis magnetic circuits of the synchronous reluctance motor, presenting a strong salient polarity, thereby generating a driving torque with reluctance properties. The stator of the synchronous reluctance motor generally adopts the stator structure of the traditional three-phase AC motor. The difference is mainly in the rotor structure. With the development of technology, the rotor structure of synchronous reluctance motor is constantly evolving. At present, there are two main rotor structures, transverse lamination (TLA) and axial lamination anisotropic (ALA). The ALA structure is made of high magnetic permeability materials and non-magnetic insulating materials alternately stacked along the axial direction. It has very strong salient polarity, so the torque density and power factor are high, but the process is complicated and inconvenient to manufacture. The TLA structure adopts the traditional stamping and lamination process. The rotor structure is simple, the mechanical strength is high, and the production cost is low. However, the salient polarity is not as strong as the ALA structure, so the torque density and power factor are inferior to the ALA structure. Synchronous reluctance motor essence Synchronous reluctance motor is a synchronous motor with reluctance properties. Its operating principle follows the principle that the magnetic flux is always closed along the path with the minimum reluctance, and the magnetic pull generated by the reluctance change caused by the rotor at different positions forms the torque. Compared with traditional DC motors, synchronous reluctance motors have no brushes and rings, are simple, reliable and easy to maintain. Compared with traditional AC asynchronous motors, synchronous reluctance motors have no windings on their rotors, so there is no rotor copper loss, which improves the efficiency of the motor. Compared with switched reluctance motors, synchronous reluctance motors have smooth rotor surfaces and more continuous magnetic resistance changes, which avoids the problems of torque pulsation and high noise during the operation of switched reluctance motors. At the same time, the stator of the synchronous reluctance motor is a sinusoidal magnetic field, which is simple to control and has a mature hardware platform, thereby reducing the cost of the drive control system. Compared with permanent magnet synchronous motors, synchronous reluctance motors have no permanent magnets on their rotors, are less expensive, have no problems with weak magnetic field and demagnetization, and have more stable efficiency over the long term.

[0006] The existing brushless DC motors are not real DC motors. These so-called DC motors only have DC input current, which is not stable. The internal magnetoelectric working process and working principle of brushed DC motors and brushless DC motors are AC electromagnetic fields. Therefore, these so-called DC motors still have iron loss and copper loss that are inevitable in transformers. Due to the existence of iron loss and copper loss, brushed DC motors and brushless DC motors have great energy loss and serious heat generation when rotating at high speed, so it is difficult to run at ultra-high speed. Now all motors and DC motors are developed based on the Faraday armature type. The working principle of DC generators is to convert the alternating electromotive force induced in the armature coil into DC electromotive force when it is led out from the brush end by the commutation of the commutator and the brush. The direction of the force on the conductor is determined by the left-hand rule. The brushless motor is the stator and rotor of the ordinary DC motor interchanged. Its rotor is a permanent magnet to generate air gap flux: the stator is an armature, which is composed of multi-phase windings. The structure of the stator of a brushless motor is the same as that of an ordinary synchronous motor or induction motor. A multi-phase winding (three-phase, four-phase, five-phase, etc.) is embedded in the iron core. The winding can be connected in a star or triangle shape and connected to each power tube of the inverter for reasonable phase change. The rotor is mostly made of rare earth materials with high coercivity and high remanent magnetic density such as samarium cobalt or neodymium iron boron. Due to the different positions of the magnetic materials in the magnetic poles, they can be divided into surface poles, embedded poles and annular poles. Since the motor body is a permanent magnet motor, it is customary to call the brushless motor a permanent magnet brushless DC motor. The two copper brushes or carbon brushes of the brushed motor are fixed to the rear cover of the motor through an insulating seat to directly introduce the positive and negative poles of the power supply to the commutator of the rotor, and the commutator is connected to the coils on the rotor. The polarity of the three coils is constantly alternating to form a force with the two magnets fixed on the shell to rotate. Since the commutator is fixed to the rotor, and the brush is fixed to the housing (stator), the brush and the commutator will constantly rub against each other when the motor rotates, generating a lot of resistance and heat. Therefore, the efficiency of the brushless motor is low and the loss is very large. However, it also has the advantages of simple manufacturing and low cost.

[0007] Since the armature circuit resistance and inductance of the motor are small, and the rotating body has a certain mechanical inertia, when the motor is powered on, the armature speed and the corresponding back electromotive force are very small at the beginning of the start, and the starting current is very large. The maximum can reach 15 to 20 times the rated current. This current will cause disturbances in the power grid, mechanical shocks to the unit, and sparks in the commutator. Therefore, direct closing starting is only suitable for motors with a power of no more than 4 kilowatts (the starting current is 6 to 8 times the rated current). In order to limit the starting current, a specially designed variable resistor is often connected in series in the armature circuit, which is widely used in various small and medium-sized DC motors. However, due to the large energy consumption during the starting process, it is not suitable for motors that are frequently started and medium and large DC motors. However, for some special needs, such as urban trams that are frequently started, in order to simplify equipment, reduce weight and facilitate operation and maintenance, the series resistance starting method is usually used. For DC motors with larger capacity, voltage reduction starting is usually used. That is, the motor armature is powered by a separate adjustable voltage DC power supply. Controlling the power supply voltage can not only make the motor start smoothly, but also achieve speed regulation. This method requires more complicated power supply equipment.

[0008] The control structure of brushless motor, brushless motor is a kind of synchronous motor, that is to say, the speed of motor rotor is affected by the speed of motor stator rotating magnetic field and the number of rotor poles (P), N = 120.f / P. When the number of rotor poles is fixed, the speed of rotor can be changed by changing the frequency of stator rotating magnetic field. Brushless motor is a synchronous motor with electronic control (driver), which controls the frequency of stator rotating magnetic field and feeds the speed of motor rotor back to the control center for repeated correction, in order to achieve a method close to the characteristics of DC motor. That is to say, brushless motor can still control the motor rotor to maintain a certain speed when the load changes within the rated load range. The coil of hollow cup motor looks like a water cup, so it is called hollow cup. As a DC motor, hollow cup motor breaks through the rotor structure of traditional motor in structure, and its weight and moment of inertia are greatly reduced, thereby reducing the mechanical energy loss of rotor itself. Due to the change of rotor structure, the running characteristics of motor are improved, which not only has outstanding energy-saving characteristics, but more importantly, it has control and drag characteristics that iron core motor cannot achieve. Coreless rotor, this novel rotor structure completely eliminates the power loss caused by eddy currents formed by the core. Energy-saving characteristics: high energy conversion efficiency, its maximum efficiency is generally above 70%, control characteristics: quick starting and braking, extremely fast response, mechanical time constant less than 28 milliseconds (core motors are generally above 100 milliseconds); under high-speed operation within the recommended operating area, the speed can be easily adjusted sensitively. Driving characteristics: very reliable operating stability, small fluctuations in speed, as a micro motor, its speed fluctuation can be easily controlled within 2%. In addition, the energy density of the hollow cup motor is greatly improved, and its weight and volume are reduced by 1 / 3-1 / 2 compared with the core motor of the same power. Because the hollow cup motor overcomes the insurmountable technical obstacles of the core motor, and its outstanding features are concentrated on the follow-up system that requires fast response of the main performance of the motor. Such as rapid adjustment of the flight direction of missiles, follow-up control of high-magnification optical drives, rapid automatic focusing, highly sensitive recording and detection equipment, industrial robots, bionic prostheses, aircraft models, etc. However, due to the extremely complex production process of the hollow cup motor coil, the degree of production automation is far less than that of the iron core motor, resulting in high production costs, high labor costs, and high requirements for the operator's skill level. It brings many difficulties and limitations to large-scale production. Since the hollow cup motor coil can only be made very thin, it can only be used in the field of micro motors, with low torque and low power, generally only a few watts, and a maximum of a few hundred watts, while the new energy electric vehicle motor is generally more than tens of kilowatts. Summary of the invention

[0009] The existing AC motor is widely used in all walks of life because of its simple structure and low price. It is the most widely used motor in the world. Most of the global electricity generation is consumed by AC motors. Therefore, the energy efficiency of AC motors is very important. Most of the AC motors used in my country are inefficient motors with energy efficiency below level 3. The energy efficiency of small-power AC motors is generally less than 80%, but even small AC motors with energy efficiency of level 1 do not exceed 90%. Only the efficiency of high-power AC motors with energy efficiency of level 1 can reach 97%, but the high cost makes it difficult to promote and apply. The main reason for the bulky size and low energy efficiency of existing AC motors is that the stator wire winding is an open wire winding. There are defects in the original design. In order to facilitate the installation of the rotor, the two ends of the wire winding avoid the rotor end face with a semicircular ring. Therefore, the electromagnetic field of this wire winding is not closed, and the two ends are open electromagnetic fields, resulting in poor induction effect on the rotor. Secondly, because the wire winding needs to be supported by the iron core and the induced magnetic field is enhanced at the same time, the use density of the wire winding is limited. The adverse consequences of this open wiring method are, first, a significant increase in the core vortex Current iron loss, secondly, it limits the amount of wire used, limits the reduction of wire resistance, and thus limits the motor power. Thirdly, the redundant wires at both ends of the wire winding are almost half, which is equivalent to increasing the resistance copper loss by half. Fourthly, the redundant wires at both ends of the wire winding surround the open rotor in a semicircle, forming a useless axial variable magnetic field at both ends of the rotor, thereby generating unnecessary eddy current iron loss in the rotor core, and also generating ring current in the short-circuit rings at both ends of the rotor, increasing copper loss. Fifthly, in order to avoid the adverse effects of too many redundant wires at both ends of the wire winding, the length of the rotor is usually much greater than Diameter, while AC motors generally use 50 Hz industrial frequency power supply. When the speed is limited, increasing the diameter of the rotor is the best way to increase the motor output power and power. Sixth, because the length of the rotor is much larger than the diameter, the aluminum or copper bars of the rotor must be made longer, which increases the resistance of the rotor and the stress deformation of the aluminum or copper bars. Seventh, the best shape of the inductor is cylindrical, followed by square, and the worst is rectangular. The larger the ratio of width to thickness, the worse the inductance effect, and the winding method of the existing AC motor is exactly the worst rectangle. In summary, in order to avoid the rotor, the wire winding of the existing AC motor has to be wound into a semicircular ring at both ends to form an open electromagnetic field, and it is also necessary to use an iron core stator to fix the wire winding, and at the same time use the iron core stator to compensate for the magnetic field loss of the open electromagnetic field. In summary, the root cause of a series of problems in the existing AC motor is that the wire winding is an open electromagnetic field. Originally, the perfect wire winding must be a closed electromagnetic field. What needs to be done is how to make the wire winding of the closed electromagnetic field bypass the output shaft of the rotor instead of bypassing the entire rotor.

[0010] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing AC motors and improve the energy efficiency and power-to-weight ratio of AC motors, the utility model aims at the shortcomings of existing AC motors and adopts a wire frame with a closed electromagnetic field. The current direction of the wire frame surrounds the axial direction and end surface of the inductor to form a closed induction magnetic field. The wire frame covers the entire rotor inductor and only needs to avoid the shaft rod instead of the entire rotor end surface. The wire frame is fixed by the casing, and even an iron core stator is not required, thereby achieving the purposes of low resistance, high power-to-weight ratio, large output torque and high energy efficiency.

[0011] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first technical solution adopted by the utility model includes a rotor, a casing, a wire frame, and a bearing, characterized in that: the rotor includes a shaft and an inductor, the shaft is tightly connected to the inductor, the inductor is coaxially mounted with the shaft, one end of the shaft serves as a power output shaft, the casing is a fixing member supporting the wire frame and the rotor, the casing is cylindrical or a cylindrical frame, one end or both ends are covered, the center of the two ends of the casing has a bearing seat, the shaft of the rotor is equipped with a bearing, and the bearing is sleeved in the center of the two ends of the casing In the bearing seat, the wire frame is a rectangular wire winding or a circular ring wire winding. The wire frame has two phases or three phases, and the two phases or three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle. The current direction of the wire frame surrounds the axial direction and end surface of the induction body to form a closed induction magnetic field. There is a rotation gap between the wire frame and the induction body. The housing and the wire frame are fixed. The wire frame is passed with alternating current to form a rotating magnetic field, and a closed-loop current and a radial magnetic field are generated in the induction body. The rotating magnetic field drags the induction body to rotate relatively in the wire frame.

[0012] The second technical solution adopted by the utility model includes a rotor, a casing, a wire frame, a bearing, and a stator, and is characterized in that: the rotor includes a shaft and an inductor, the shaft is tightly connected to the inductor, the inductor is coaxially mounted with the shaft, one end of the shaft serves as a power output shaft, the casing is a fixing member supporting the stator and the rotor, the casing is cylindrical or a cylindrical frame, one end or both ends are covered, a bearing seat is provided at the center of the two ends of the casing, the shaft of the rotor is equipped with a bearing, the bearing is sleeved in the bearing seat at the center of the two ends of the casing, the wire frame is a rectangular wire winding, or a circular wire winding, the conductor The wire frame is sleeved with a stator, the stator has a circular opening, the stator sleeves the inductor, the axial height of the stator is equal to or greater than the axial height of the inductor, there is a rotation gap between the circular opening of the stator and the inductor, the wire frame has two phases or three phases, the two phases or three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, the wire frame sleeves the inductor, the current direction of the wire frame surrounds the axial direction and end surface of the inductor to form a closed induction magnetic field, the wire frame is passed with alternating current to form a rotating magnetic field, a closed-loop current and a radial magnetic field are generated in the inductor, and the rotating magnetic field drags the inductor to rotate relatively in the circular opening of the stator.

[0013] The inductor is an aluminum or copper squirrel cage structure, which is covered with a silicon steel laminated core, and a squirrel cage rotor is formed by adding a shaft rod. The squirrel cage structure includes aluminum conductors and aluminum short-circuit rings, or copper conductors and copper short-circuit rings. The aluminum conductors or copper conductors are parallel or inclined relative to the shaft rod. Alternatively, the inductor is an aluminum cylinder covered with a silicon steel laminated core, or the inductor is a silicon steel laminated core, and the silicon steel laminated core has a plurality of V-shaped magnetic isolation grooves, and permanent magnets are embedded in the magnetic isolation grooves. The diameter of the inductor is equal to or greater than the height.

[0014] The housing is cylindrical or has a cylindrical structure, wherein the cylindrical structure refers to an open structure with only a basic cylindrical load-bearing frame and no closed surface. The housing can be made of one or more material combinations, generally cast iron or aluminum alloy.

[0015] The wire frame has three phases, the stator is a regular hexagonal silicon steel laminated iron core with a round opening in the middle, the three-phase wire frames are star-shaped and cross each other along the periphery of the hexagonal stator, and are evenly distributed at 120 degrees, each phase wire frame is divided into two groups, and the two groups of wire frames are distributed in parallel on the two sides of the shaft rod, the wire ends of the three-phase wire frames are connected according to the star connection method of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or are connected according to the triangle connection method, the casing is a regular hexagonal cylinder with a front cover and a rear cover, the center of the two ends of the casing has a bearing seat, the center lines of the six faces of the inner wall of the casing have axial convex strips, or, the center lines of the six faces of the stator have axial convex strips, the width of the axial convex strips is equal to or greater than the diameter of the shaft rod, and the axial convex strips are located between two adjacent groups of wire frames.

[0016] The wire frames have three phases: U, V, and W. Each phase has two groups of wire frames, and each group has several wire frames. Each wire frame of the three phases U, V, and W is interlaced and set in a star shape along the periphery of the hexagonal stator. That is, after the U phase completes the first circle, the V phase completes the second circle, and then the W phase completes the third circle. Then, the U phase continues to complete the fourth circle, the V phase completes the fifth circle, and the W phase completes the sixth circle, and so on. This has the advantage of eliminating the difference in induction intensity caused by the gap difference at the end surface of the U, V, and W three-phase wire frames.

[0017] The wire frame has three phases, and the three-phase wire frame is respectively covered with three T-shaped silicon steel laminated core stators and three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated core stators. The three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated core stators are combined into a stator with an inner circular opening, and the inner circular opening of the stator is covered with the rotor. The wire ends of the three-phase wire frame are connected according to the star connection method of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or connected according to the triangle connection method. The housing is an equilateral triangle tube, or a hexagonal tube composed of three long equilateral faces and three short equilateral faces, with a front cover and a rear cover, and the center of the two ends of the housing has a bearing seat , the three inner angles of the casing have fixed angles, the fixed angles are in the shape of inverted isosceles triangle rods, and the fixed angles are located between two adjacent groups of wire frames, or the casing is composed of a triangular skeleton and a triangular tube, the triangular skeleton is composed of two equilateral triangular cover plates and three isosceles triangle rods or three rhombus rods, the two equilateral triangular cover plates have bearing seats in the centers, the three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates have screw holes, the centers of the two ends of the isosceles triangle rods have screw holes, and bolts are used to connect the two equilateral triangular cover plates and the three isosceles triangle rods.

[0018] The motor can be installed in two ways: horizontal and vertical. When the installation is horizontal, the bottom surface of the casing has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. When the installation is vertical, the front end of the casing has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. The side of the casing is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, the rear cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box, the outer surface of the casing is provided with heat sinks, and the heat sinks are axially distributed. The shaft extends from the rear cover and is connected to a cooling fan, and the rear end cover has a fan cover, or the rear end cover is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, and the rear end cover has a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box.

[0019] When the conductor frame is a three-phase multi-group, the electromagnetic field arrangement of the multi-group three-phase conductor frame is a dipole magnetic field arrangement, a quadrupole magnetic field arrangement, a sextupole magnetic field arrangement, or an octupole magnetic field arrangement.

[0020] The lead frame is solidified with epoxy resin to strengthen the structure.

[0021] There are steps, or clamping grooves and clamping springs on the shaft rods on both sides of the induction body to fix the position of the shaft.

[0022] When the wire frame is a circular ring wire winding, the inductor is an aluminum or copper spherical squirrel cage structure, the wire frame has three phases, the three-phase wire frames are intersected in a star shape along the circumference of the rotor, and are evenly distributed at 120 degrees. Each phase wire frame is divided into two groups, and the two groups of wire frames are parallelly distributed on the two sides of the shaft rod. The wire ends of the three-phase wire frame are connected according to the star connection of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or connected according to the triangle connection. The wire frame is solidified with epoxy resin to strengthen the structure. The casing is two semi-circular spheres combined into a sphere. The center of the semi-circular sphere casing has a bearing seat, and the inner wall of the casing has an axial convex strip. The width of the axial convex strip is equal to or greater than the diameter of the shaft rod, and the axial convex strip is between two adjacent groups of wire frames. The circular ring wire winding is the best form of induction effect. The power density of the spherical closed induction motor is the largest. The disadvantage is that the installation form is unstable. It can be applied to the field of duct motors and pipeline motors.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the existing AC motor is widely used in various industries because of its simple structure and low price. It is the most widely used motor in the world. Most of the global electricity generation is consumed by AC motors. Therefore, the energy efficiency of AC motors is very important. Most of the AC motors used in my country are inefficient motors with energy efficiency below level three. The energy efficiency of small-power AC motors is generally less than 80%, but even small AC motors with energy efficiency of level one do not exceed 90%. Only the efficiency of high-power AC motors with energy efficiency of level one can reach 97%, but the high cost makes it difficult to promote and apply. The main reason for the bulky and low energy efficiency of existing AC motors is that the stator wire winding is an open wire winding, which has defects in the original design. In order to facilitate the installation of the rotor, the two ends of the wire winding avoid the rotor end face with semicircular rings. Therefore, the electromagnetic field of this wire winding is not closed, and the two ends are open electromagnetic fields, resulting in poor induction effect on the rotor. Secondly, because the wire winding needs to be supported by the iron core and the induced magnetic field is enhanced at the same time, the use density of the wire winding is limited. The adverse consequences brought about by this open wiring method are, first, a significant The first is to increase the iron loss of eddy current in the core. The second is to limit the amount of wire used, which limits the reduction of wire resistance and thus the motor power. The third is that the redundant wires at both ends of the wire winding are almost half, which is equivalent to increasing the resistance copper loss by half. The fourth is that the redundant wires at both ends of the wire winding surround the open rotor in a semicircle, forming a useless axial variable magnetic field at both ends of the rotor, thereby generating unnecessary eddy current iron loss in the rotor core, and also generating ring current in the short-circuit rings at both ends of the rotor, which increases the copper loss. The fifth is that in order to avoid the adverse effects of too many redundant wires at both ends of the wire winding, the length of the rotor is usually required to be The diameter of the rotor is much larger than the diameter, and the AC motor generally uses a 50 Hz industrial frequency power supply. When the speed is limited, increasing the diameter of the rotor is the best way to increase the motor output power and power. Sixth, because the length of the rotor is much larger than the diameter, the aluminum or copper bars of the rotor must be made longer, which increases the resistance of the rotor and the stress deformation of the aluminum or copper bars. Seventh, the best shape of the inductor is cylindrical, followed by square, and the worst is rectangular. The larger the ratio of width to thickness, the worse the inductance effect, and the winding method of the existing AC motor is exactly the worst rectangle. In summary, in order to avoid the rotor, the wire winding of the existing AC motor has to be wound into a semicircular ring at both ends to form an open electromagnetic field, and it is also necessary to use an iron core stator to fix the wire winding, and at the same time use the iron core stator to compensate for the magnetic field loss of the open electromagnetic field. In summary, the root cause of a series of problems in the existing AC motor is that the wire winding is an open electromagnetic field. Originally, the perfect wire winding must be a closed electromagnetic field. What needs to be done is how to make the wire winding of the closed electromagnetic field bypass the output shaft of the rotor instead of bypassing the entire rotor.

[0024] The utility model adopts a parallelogram wire frame of a closed electromagnetic field. The current direction of the wire frame is along the axial direction and end face of the induction body to form a closed induction magnetic field. The electromagnetic induction effect is increased by dozens of times. The stator core can also be abandoned. The wire frame is fixed by the casing. The wire frame sets the entire rotor induction body inside. It only needs to avoid the shaft rod, rather than the end face of the entire rotating induction body. The diameter of the rotor is equal to or greater than the height. The comprehensive efficiency can reach 99%, and the weight and volume can be reduced to about one-tenth of the existing AC motor. The process is simpler and the production cost is lower. As a new energy vehicle motor application, the speed is several times that of the permanent magnet motor, and it can achieve ultra-high-speed rotation. The speed can reach more than 40,000 revolutions per minute, the power is one thousand kilowatts, and the power density is tens of kilowatts per kilogram. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an AC closed induction motor.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the wire frame of an AC closed induction motor.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the casing of an AC closed induction motor.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an AC closed induction motor.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an AC closed induction motor.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a two-phase AC closed induction motor.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a spherical AC closed induction motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Implementation 1, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown in: a hexagonal AC closed induction motor, including a rotor 1, a casing 2, a lead frame 3, and a bearing 4, characterized in that: the rotor 1 includes a shaft 10 and an inductor 11, the shaft 10 is tightly connected to the inductor 11, the inductor 11 is coaxially mounted with the shaft 10, one end of the shaft 10 serves as a power output shaft, the inductor 11 is an aluminum or copper squirrel cage structure, which is covered with a silicon steel laminated core, and the shaft 10 forms a squirrel cage rotor, or the inductor 11 is an aluminum cylinder, which is covered with a silicon steel laminated core, the squirrel cage structure includes aluminum conductor bars and aluminum short-circuit rings, or copper conductor bars and copper short-circuit rings, the aluminum conductor bars or copper conductor bars are parallel or inclined relative to the shaft 10, and the diameter of the inductor is equal to or greater than the height, which helps to greatly increase the power and power-to-weight ratio of the AC closed induction motor.

[0033] The housing 2 is a fixing member supporting the wire frame 3 and the rotor 1. The housing 2 is cylindrical or has a cylindrical structure, with a cover at one or both ends. There are bearing seats in the center of the two ends of the housing 2. The shaft 10 of the rotor 1 is equipped with bearings 4. The bearings 4 are mounted in the bearing seats in the centers of the two ends of the housing 2. There are steps on the shaft 10 on both sides of the inductor 11, or there are slots and springs to fix the position of the bearings 4. The wire frame 3 is arranged inside the housing 2. The housing 2 is cylindrical or has a cylindrical structure. The cylindrical structure means that the housing 2 has only the most basic cylindrical force-bearing frame and an open structure without a closed surface. The material of the housing 2 can be a combination of one or more materials, generally cast iron or aluminum alloy.

[0034] The wire frame 3 is a rectangular wire winding. The wire frame 3 has three phases, which are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle. The wire frame 3 is sheathed with the inductor 11. The current direction of the wire frame 3 surrounds the axial direction and end surface of the inductor 11 to form a closed induction magnetic field. There is a rotation gap between the wire frame 3 and the inductor 11. The gap between the three-phase wire frame 3 and the inductor 11 is very small, so there is no need to use an additional stator core. The wire frame 3 is generally copper enameled wire or aluminum enameled wire, with a round wire or flat wire cross section. The wire frame 3 is solidified with epoxy resin to strengthen the structural stress.

[0035] The wire frame 3 has three phases, and the three-phase wire frames 3 cross each other in a star shape along the circumference of the rotor and are evenly distributed at 120 degrees. Each phase wire frame 3 is divided into two groups, and the two groups of wire frames 3 are distributed in parallel on the two sides of the shaft rod 10. The wire ends of the three-phase wire frames 3 are connected according to the star connection method of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or are connected according to the triangle connection method. The casing 2 is in the shape of a regular hexagonal cylinder, with a front cover and a rear cover. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the casing 2. The midlines of the six faces of the inner wall of the casing have axial convex strips 21. The width of the axial convex strips 21 is equal to or greater than the diameter of the shaft rod 10. The axial convex strips 21 are located between two adjacent groups of wire frames 3. The three-phase six groups of wire frames 3 are assembled into the regular hexagonal cylindrical casing 2, and are clamped and fixed by the six inner wall surfaces, which can play the same supporting role as the stator.

[0036] There are two installation modes for this motor: horizontal and vertical. When the installation mode is horizontal, the bottom surface of the casing 2 has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. When the installation mode is vertical, the front end of the casing 2 has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. The side of the casing 2 is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, the back cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box, the outer surface of the casing is provided with heat sinks, and the heat sinks are axially distributed. The shaft extends from the back cover and is connected to a cooling fan, and the back cover is provided with a fan cover, or the back cover is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, and the back cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box.

[0037] The wire frame 3 has three phases, U, V, and W. Each phase wire frame 3 has two groups, and each group has several wire frames. Each wire frame of the three phases, U, V, and W, is interlaced and set in a star shape along the periphery of the hexagonal stator 5. That is, after the U phase is wound around the first circle, the V phase is wound around the second circle, and then the W phase is wound around the third circle, and then the U phase is wound around the fourth circle, the V phase is wound around the fifth circle, and the W phase is wound around the sixth circle, and so on. The advantage of this is to eliminate the difference in induction intensity caused by the gap difference at the end surface of the U, V, and W three-phase wire frame 3.

[0038] When the conductor frame 3 is a three-phase multi-group, the electromagnetic field arrangement of the multi-group three-phase conductor frame 3 is a dipole magnetic field arrangement, a quadrupole magnetic field arrangement, a sextupole magnetic field arrangement, or an octupole magnetic field arrangement.

[0039] The wire frame 3 is a parallelogram closed wire winding, which is different from the open winding of the existing motor wire winding, and the installation method is also different. The rotor of the existing motor can be directly installed in the sub-circular opening embedded with the wire winding stator, but the present motor needs to first put the three-phase wire frame 3 on the rotor, and then the wire frame 3 and the rotor 1 are installed in the casing 2 together and then fix their respective positions. The three-phase six-group wire frame 3 is fixed by the six faces and six axial convex strips 21 on the inner wall of the casing, and the rotor 1 is fixed in position by the bearing seats at the two ends of the casing. The size of the wire frame 3 is larger than the size of the rotor 1 inductor 11, and a rotation gap is left between the two.

[0040] The operation of the three-phase AC asynchronous closed induction motor is the same as that of the AC asynchronous induction motor. When the symmetrically distributed three-phase wire frame 3 is connected to the three-phase AC power supply, a symmetrical three-phase current will be passed into the winding, and a rotating magnetic field will be generated in the closed space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference of the three-phase wire frame 3. When the magnetic field rotates, the conductor of the inductor 11 cuts the magnetic flux to generate an induced electromotive force. Due to the existence of the electromotive force, an induced current is generated in the conductor of the inductor 11. According to Ampere's law, the current of the inductor 11 interacts with the rotating magnetic field to generate an electromagnetic force, which forms an electromagnetic torque on the shaft 10 of the rotor 1, and the direction of the torque is the same as the rotation direction of the rotating magnetic field. The rotating magnetic field drags the rotor 1 to rotate in the wire frame.

[0041] Implementation 2: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown in: a hexagonal AC closed induction motor, including a rotor 1, a housing 2, a lead frame 3, a bearing 4, and a stator 5, characterized in that: the rotor 1 includes a shaft 10 and an inductor 11, the shaft 10 is tightly connected to the inductor 11, the inductor 11 is coaxially mounted with the shaft 10, one end of the shaft 10 serves as a power output shaft, the inductor 11 is an aluminum or copper squirrel cage structure, with a silicon steel sheet core, and the shaft 10 forms a squirrel cage rotor, or the inductor 11 is an aluminum cylinder with a silicon steel sheet core, the squirrel cage structure includes aluminum conductor bars and aluminum short-circuit rings, or copper conductor bars and copper short-circuit rings, the aluminum conductor bars or copper conductor bars are parallel or inclined relative to the shaft 10, and the diameter of the inductor is equal to or greater than the height, which helps to greatly increase the power and power-to-weight ratio of the AC closed induction motor.

[0042] The housing 2 is a fixing member supporting the stator 5 and the rotor 1. The housing 2 is cylindrical or has a cylindrical structure, with a cover at one or both ends. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing 2. The shaft 10 of the rotor 1 is equipped with bearings 4, which are mounted in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing 2. There are steps, or slots and springs on the shaft 10 on both sides of the inductor 11 to fix the position of the bearing 4. The lead frame 3 is arranged inside the housing 2. The housing 2 is cylindrical or has a cylindrical structure. The cylindrical structure means that the housing 2 has only the most basic cylindrical force-bearing frame and an open structure without a closed surface.

[0043] The wire frame 3 is sleeved with a stator 5, the stator 5 has a round mouth, the stator 5 sleeves the inductor 11, the axial height of the stator 5 is equal to or greater than the axial height of the inductor 11, there is a rotation gap between the round mouth of the stator 5 and the inductor 11, the wire frame 3 is a rectangular wire winding, the wire frame 3 has three phases, the three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, the wire frame 3 sleeves the inductor 11, the current direction of the wire frame 3 surrounds the axial direction and end surface of the inductor 11 to form a closed induction magnetic field, there is a rotation gap between the wire frame 3 and the inductor 11, the wire frame 3 is generally a copper enameled wire or an aluminum enameled wire, the cross-section is a round wire or a flat wire, and the wire frame 3 is solidified with epoxy resin to strengthen the structural stress.

[0044] The wire frame 3 has three phases, the stator 5 is a regular hexagonal silicon steel sheet core with a round opening in the middle, the three-phase wire frames 3 are star-shaped and cross each other along the periphery of the hexagonal stator 5, and are evenly distributed at 120 degrees. Each phase wire frame 3 is divided into two groups, and the two groups of wire frames 3 are parallelly distributed on the two sides of the shaft rod 10. The wire ends of the three-phase wire frames 3 are connected according to the star connection method of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or according to the triangle connection method. The casing 2 is a regular hexagonal cylinder with a front cover and a rear cover. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the casing. The midlines of the six faces of the inner wall of the casing have axial convex strips, and the width of the axial convex strips is equal to or greater than the diameter of the shaft rod. The axial convex strips are located between two adjacent groups of wire frames, or there are axial convex strips on the midlines of the six faces of the stator. The three-phase six groups of wire frames 3 are assembled into the regular hexagonal cylindrical casing 2, and are clamped and fixed by the six inner wall surfaces, which can play the same supporting role as the stator.

[0045] There are two installation modes for this motor: horizontal and vertical. When the installation mode is horizontal, the bottom surface of the casing 2 has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. When the installation mode is vertical, the front end of the casing 2 has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. The side of the casing 2 is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, the back cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box, the outer surface of the casing is provided with heat sinks, and the heat sinks are axially distributed. The shaft extends from the back cover and is connected to a cooling fan, and the back cover is provided with a fan cover, or the back cover is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, and the back cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box.

[0046] The wire frame 3 has three phases, U, V, and W. Each phase wire frame 3 has two groups, and each group has several wire frames. Each wire frame of the three phases, U, V, and W, is interlaced and set in a star shape along the periphery of the hexagonal stator 5. That is, after the U phase is wound around the first circle, the V phase is wound around the second circle, and then the W phase is wound around the third circle, and then the U phase is wound around the fourth circle, the V phase is wound around the fifth circle, and the W phase is wound around the sixth circle, and so on. The advantage of this is to eliminate the difference in induction intensity caused by the gap difference at the end surface of the U, V, and W three-phase wire frame 3.

[0047] When the conductor frame 3 is a three-phase multi-group, the electromagnetic field arrangement of the multi-group three-phase conductor frame 3 is a dipole magnetic field arrangement, a quadrupole magnetic field arrangement, a sextupole magnetic field arrangement, or an octupole magnetic field arrangement.

[0048] The wire frame 3 is a parallelogram closed wire winding, which is different from the open winding of the existing motor wire winding, and the installation method is also different. The rotor of the existing motor can be directly installed in the round mouth of the stator embedded with the wire winding, but the present motor needs to first install the rotor 1 into the round mouth of the hexagonal stator 5, and then the three-phase wire frame 3 is put on the stator 5. The wire frame 3 and the stator are installed together with the rotor 1 in the casing 2 and then their respective positions are fixed. The three-phase six-group wire frame 3 and the stator 5 are fixed by the six faces of the inner wall of the casing, and the rotor 1 is fixed in position by the bearing seats at the two ends of the casing. The size of the round mouth of the stator 5 is larger than the size of the rotor 1 inductor 11, and a rotation gap is left between the two.

[0049] The operation of the three-phase AC asynchronous closed induction motor is the same as that of the AC asynchronous induction motor. When the symmetrically distributed three-phase conductor frame 3 is connected to the three-phase AC power supply, a symmetrical three-phase current will be passed into the winding, and a rotating magnetic field will be generated in the closed space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference of the circular opening of the stator 5. When the magnetic field rotates, the conductor of the induction body 11 cuts the magnetic flux to generate an induced electromotive force. Due to the existence of the electromotive force, an induced current is generated in the conductor of the induction body 11. According to Ampere's law, the current of the induction body 11 interacts with the rotating magnetic field to generate an electromagnetic force, which forms an electromagnetic torque on the shaft 10 of the rotor 1, and the direction of the torque is the same as the rotation direction of the rotating magnetic field. The rotating magnetic field drags the rotor 1 to rotate in the stator 5.

[0050] Implementation 3, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown in: a triangular AC closed induction motor, including a rotor 1, a casing 2, a lead frame 3, a bearing 4, and a stator 5, characterized in that: the rotor 1 includes a shaft 10 and an inductor 11, the shaft 10 is tightly connected to the inductor 11, the inductor 11 is coaxially mounted with the shaft 10, one end of the shaft 10 serves as a power output shaft, the inductor 11 is an aluminum or copper squirrel cage structure, with a silicon steel sheet core, and the shaft 10 forms a squirrel cage rotor, or the inductor 11 is an aluminum cylinder with a silicon steel sheet core, the squirrel cage structure includes aluminum conductor bars and aluminum short-circuit rings, or copper conductor bars and copper short-circuit rings, the aluminum conductor bars or copper conductor bars are parallel or inclined relative to the shaft 10, and the diameter of the inductor 11 is equal to or greater than the height, which helps to greatly increase the power and power-to-weight ratio of the AC closed induction motor.

[0051] The housing 2 is a fixing member supporting the stator 5 and the rotor 1. The housing 2 is cylindrical or has a cylindrical structure, with a cover at one or both ends. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing 2. The shaft 10 of the rotor 1 is equipped with bearings 4, which are mounted in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing 2. There are steps, or slots and springs on the shaft 10 on both sides of the inductor 11 to fix the position of the bearing 4. The lead frame 3 is arranged inside the housing 2. The housing 2 is cylindrical or has a cylindrical structure. The cylindrical structure means that the housing 2 has only the most basic cylindrical force-bearing frame and an open structure without a closed surface.

[0052] The wire frame 3 is a rectangular wire winding with three phases. The three-phase wire frames are respectively covered with three T-shaped silicon steel sheet core stators, three arc-shaped silicon steel sheet core stators, and three arc-shaped silicon steel sheet core stators are distributed in an equilateral triangle to form a stator with an inner circular opening. The inner circular opening of the stator covers the rotor. The wire frame 3 has three phases, and the three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle. The wire frame 3 covers the inductor 11. The current direction of the wire frame 3 surrounds the axial direction and end face of the inductor 11 to form a closed induction magnetic field. There is a rotation gap between the wire frame 3 and the inductor 11. The wire frame 3 is generally copper enameled wire or aluminum enameled wire, and the cross-section is a round wire or a flat wire. The wire frame 3 is solidified with epoxy resin to strengthen the structural stress.

[0053] The wire frame 3 has three phases, and the three-phase wire frame 3 is evenly distributed along the 60-degree equilateral triangle of the rotor circumference. The wire ends of the three-phase wire frame 3 are connected according to the star connection of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or are connected according to the triangle connection. The casing is an equilateral triangle tube, or a hexagonal tube composed of three long equilateral faces and three short equilateral faces, with a front cover and a rear cover. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the casing. The three inner angles of the casing have fixed angles, and the fixed angles are in the shape of an inverted isosceles triangle rod. The three angles of the isosceles triangle rod are 30 degrees, 120 degrees, and 30 degrees respectively. The fixed angle is between two adjacent groups of wire frames. The three-phase three-group wire frame 3 is assembled into the triangular cylindrical casing 2, and is clamped and fixed by three inner wall surfaces and three fixed angles, and can play the same supporting role as the stator.

[0054] The casing 2 is composed of a triangular skeleton 22 and a triangular tube 23. The triangular skeleton 22 is composed of two equilateral triangular cover plates 24 and three isosceles triangular rods 25 or three rhombus rods. The three angles of the isosceles triangular rods are 30 degrees, 120 degrees, and 30 degrees respectively. The two equilateral triangular cover plates 24 have bearing seats in the centers, and the three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates 24 have screw holes. The isosceles triangular rods 25 have screw holes in the centers of both ends, and the two equilateral triangular cover plates 24 and the three isosceles triangular rods 25 are connected by bolts.

[0055] There are two installation modes for this motor: horizontal and vertical. When the installation mode is horizontal, the bottom surface of the casing 2 has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. When the installation mode is vertical, the front end of the casing 2 has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. The side of the casing 2 is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, the back cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box, the outer surface of the casing is provided with heat sinks, and the heat sinks are axially distributed. The shaft extends from the back cover and is connected to a cooling fan, and the back cover is provided with a fan cover, or the back cover is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, and the back cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box.

[0056] When the conductor frame 3 is a three-phase multi-group, the electromagnetic field arrangement of the multi-group three-phase conductor frame 3 is a dipole magnetic field arrangement, a quadrupole magnetic field arrangement, a sextupole magnetic field arrangement, or an octupole magnetic field arrangement.

[0057] The wire frame 3 is a parallelogram closed wire winding, which is different from the open winding of the existing motor wire winding, and the installation method is also different. The rotor of the existing motor can be directly installed in the circular mouth of the stator embedded with the wire winding, but the present motor needs to first put three arc-shaped stators 5 on the three-phase wire frame 3, and then install the rotor 1 into the circular mouth of the assembled stator 5. The wire frame 3 and the stator are installed together with the rotor 1 in the casing 2 and then their respective positions are fixed. The three-phase wire frame 3 and the stator 5 are fixed by clamping the three inner wall surfaces and three fixed angles of the casing. The rotor 1 is fixed in position by the bearing seats at the two ends of the casing. The size of the circular mouth of the stator 5 is larger than the size of the rotor 1 inductor 11, and a rotation gap is left between the two.

[0058] The operation of the three-phase AC asynchronous closed induction motor is the same as that of the AC asynchronous induction motor. When the symmetrically distributed three-phase conductor frame 3 is connected to the three-phase AC power supply, a symmetrical three-phase current will be passed into the winding, and a rotating magnetic field will be generated in the closed space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference of the circular opening of the stator 5. When the magnetic field rotates, the conductor of the induction body 11 cuts the magnetic flux to generate an induced electromotive force. Due to the existence of the electromotive force, an induced current is generated in the conductor of the induction body 11. According to Ampere's law, the current of the induction body 11 interacts with the rotating magnetic field to generate an electromagnetic force, which forms an electromagnetic torque on the shaft 10 of the rotor 1, and the direction of the torque is the same as the rotation direction of the rotating magnetic field. The rotating magnetic field drags the rotor 1 to rotate in the stator 5.

[0059] Implementation 4: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown in: a two-phase AC closed induction motor, including a rotor 1, a casing 2, a lead frame 3, a bearing 4, and a stator 5, characterized in that: the rotor 1 includes a shaft 10 and an inductor 11, the shaft 10 is tightly connected to the inductor 11, the inductor 11 is coaxially mounted with the shaft 10, one end of the shaft 10 serves as a power output shaft, the inductor 11 is an aluminum or copper squirrel cage structure, with a silicon steel sheet core, and the shaft 10 forms a squirrel cage rotor, or the inductor 11 is guided by an aluminum cylinder, with a silicon steel sheet core, the squirrel cage structure includes aluminum conductor bars and aluminum short-circuit rings, or copper conductor bars and copper short-circuit rings, the aluminum conductor bars or copper bars are parallel or inclined relative to the shaft 10, and the diameter of the inductor is equal to or greater than the height.

[0060] The housing 2 is a fixing member supporting the lead frame 3 and the rotor 1. The housing 2 is in a square cylindrical shape or a cylindrical structure, with a cover at one or both ends. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing 2. The shaft 10 of the rotor 1 is equipped with bearings 4, which are set in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing 2. There are steps, or slots and springs on the shaft 10 on both sides of the inductor 11 to fix the position of the bearing 4. The lead frame 3 is arranged inside the housing 2. The cylindrical structure means that the housing 2 has only the most basic cylindrical force-bearing frame and an open structure without a closed surface.

[0061] The wire frame 3 is a rectangular wire winding, the wire frame 3 is covered with a stator 5, the stator 5 is a square round silicon steel sheet core, the wire frame 3 has two phases, distributed along the circumference of the rotor, the wire frame 3 is covered with the inductor 11, the current direction of the wire frame 3 is along the axial direction and end surface of the inductor 11 to form a closed induction magnetic field, there is a rotation gap between the wire frame 3 and the inductor 11, and the wire frame 3 is solidified with epoxy resin to strengthen the structure.

[0062] The wire frame 3 has two phases, and the two-phase wire frames 3 cross each other along the circumference of the rotor and are vertically distributed at 90 degrees. Each phase wire frame 3 is divided into two groups, and the two groups of wire frames 3 are parallelly distributed on the two sides of the shaft 10. The casing 2 is a regular quadrilateral cylinder with a front cover and a rear cover. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the casing 2. There are axial convex strips 21 on the midlines of the six faces of the inner wall of the casing, or there are axial convex strips 21 on the midlines of the four faces of the stator 5. The width of the axial convex strips 21 is equal to or greater than the diameter of the shaft 10, and the axial convex strips 21 are located between two adjacent groups of wire frames 3.

[0063] There are two installation modes for this motor: horizontal and vertical. When the installation mode is horizontal, the bottom surface of the casing 2 has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. When the installation mode is vertical, the front end of the casing 2 has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. The side of the casing 2 is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, the back cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box, the outer surface of the casing is provided with heat sinks, and the heat sinks are axially distributed. The shaft extends from the back cover and is connected to a cooling fan, and the back cover is provided with a fan cover, or the back cover is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, and the back cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box.

[0064] When the conductor frame 3 is a two-phase multiple group, the electromagnetic field arrangement of the multiple groups of two-phase conductor frames 3 is divided into a two-pole magnetic field arrangement, a four-pole magnetic field arrangement, a six-pole magnetic field arrangement, and an eight-pole magnetic field arrangement.

[0065] The wire frame 3 is a parallelogram closed wire winding, which is different from the open winding of the existing motor wire winding, and the installation method is also different. The rotor of the existing motor can be directly installed in the round mouth of the stator embedded with the wire winding, but the present motor needs to first install the rotor 1 into the round mouth of the quadrilateral stator 5, and then the wire frame 3 is put on the stator 5. The wire frame 3 and the stator are installed in the casing 2 together with the rotor 1 and then their respective positions are fixed. The two-phase four-group wire frame 3 and the stator 5 are fixed by the four faces of the inner wall of the casing, and the rotor 1 is fixed in position by the bearing seats at the two ends of the casing. The size of the round mouth of the stator 5 is larger than the size of the inductor 11 of the rotor 1, and a rotation gap is left between the two.

[0066] The operation of the two-phase AC asynchronous closed induction motor is similar to that of the single-phase AC asynchronous induction motor. The two-phase conductor frame 3 is cross-distributed at 90 degrees. When a two-phase AC power supply is connected, a rotating magnetic field is also generated in the closed space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference of the circular opening of the stator 5. When the magnetic field rotates, the conductor of the induction body 11 cuts the magnetic flux to generate an induced electromotive force. Due to the existence of the electromotive force, an induced current is generated in the conductor of the induction body 11. According to Ampere's law, the current of the induction body 11 interacts with the rotating magnetic field to generate an electromagnetic force. This force forms an electromagnetic torque on the shaft 10 of the rotor 1, and the direction of the torque is the same as the rotation direction of the rotating magnetic field. The rotating magnetic field drags the rotor 1 to rotate in the stator 5.

[0067] Implementation 5: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown in: a reluctance AC closed induction motor, including a rotor 1, a housing 2, a lead frame 3, a bearing 4, and a stator 5, characterized in that: the rotor 1 includes a shaft 10 and an inductor 11, the shaft 10 is tightly connected to the inductor 11, the inductor 11 is coaxially mounted with the shaft 10, one end of the shaft 10 serves as a power output shaft, the inductor 11 is a silicon steel laminated core with two salient poles, axially twisted within 90 degrees, in a twisted surface twist shape, a closed-loop conductor 12 is arranged in the grooves of the two salient poles of the inductor 11, the closed-loop conductor 12 is also in a twisted surface twist shape, the closed-loop conductor 12 is an aluminum conductor or a copper conductor, or the inductor 11 is a silicon steel laminated core with a plurality of salient poles, or the inductor 11 is a silicon steel laminated core, the silicon steel laminated core has a plurality of V-shaped magnetic isolation grooves, and the magnetic isolation grooves may be embedded with permanent magnets. The diameter of the induction body is equal to or greater than the height, which helps to significantly increase the power and power-to-weight ratio of the AC closed induction motor.

[0068] The inductor 11 is tightly covered with an aluminum tube sleeve to form a short-circuit ring. The length of the aluminum tube sleeve is equal to or greater than the length of the inductor 11. In this way, AC power can be used directly for asynchronous induction starting. When the natural frequency of the power supply is close, the inductor 11 will automatically resonate and synchronize with the power supply frequency. At this time, the rotor is synchronized with the power supply frequency. In this way, there is no need to use a position sensor and a motor controller.

[0069] The housing 2 is a fixing member supporting the stator 5 and the rotor 1. The housing 2 is cylindrical or has a cylindrical structure, with a cover at one or both ends. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing 2. The shaft 10 of the rotor 1 is equipped with bearings 4, which are mounted in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing 2. There are steps, or slots and springs on the shaft 10 on both sides of the inductor 11 to fix the position of the bearing 4. The lead frame 3 is arranged inside the housing 2. The housing 2 is cylindrical or has a cylindrical structure. The cylindrical structure means that the housing 2 has only the most basic cylindrical force-bearing frame and an open structure without a closed surface.

[0070] The wire frame 3 is sleeved with a stator 5, the stator 5 has a round mouth, the stator 5 sleeves the inductor 11, the axial height of the stator 5 is equal to or greater than the axial height of the inductor 11, there is a rotation gap between the round mouth of the stator 5 and the inductor 11, the wire frame 3 is a rectangular wire winding, the wire frame 3 has three phases, the three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, the wire frame 3 sleeves the inductor 11, the current direction of the wire frame 3 surrounds the axial direction and end surface of the inductor 11 to form a closed induction magnetic field, there is a rotation gap between the wire frame 3 and the inductor 11, the wire frame 3 is generally a copper enameled wire or an aluminum enameled wire, the cross-section is a round wire or a flat wire, and the wire frame 3 is solidified with epoxy resin to strengthen the structural stress.

[0071] The wire frame 3 has three phases, the stator 5 is a regular hexagonal silicon steel sheet core with a round opening in the middle, the three-phase wire frames 3 are star-shaped and cross each other along the periphery of the hexagonal stator 5, and are evenly distributed at 120 degrees. Each phase wire frame 3 is divided into two groups, and the two groups of wire frames 3 are parallelly distributed on the two sides of the shaft rod 10. The wire ends of the three-phase wire frames 3 are connected according to the star connection method of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or according to the triangle connection method. The casing 2 is a regular hexagonal cylinder with a front cover and a rear cover. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the casing. The midlines of the six faces of the inner wall of the casing have axial convex strips, and the width of the axial convex strips is equal to or greater than the diameter of the shaft rod. The axial convex strips are located between two adjacent groups of wire frames, or there are axial convex strips on the midlines of the six faces of the stator. The three-phase six groups of wire frames 3 are assembled into the regular hexagonal cylindrical casing 2, and are clamped and fixed by the six inner wall surfaces, which can play the same supporting role as the stator.

[0072] There are two installation modes for this motor: horizontal and vertical. When the installation mode is horizontal, the bottom surface of the casing 2 has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. When the installation mode is vertical, the front end of the casing 2 has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. The side of the casing 2 is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, the back cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box, the outer surface of the casing is provided with heat sinks, and the heat sinks are axially distributed. The shaft extends from the back cover and is connected to a cooling fan, and the back cover is provided with a fan cover, or the back cover is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, and the back cover is provided with a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box.

[0073] The wire frame 3 has three phases, U, V, and W. Each phase wire frame 3 has two groups, and each group has several wire frames. Each wire frame of the three phases, U, V, and W, is interlaced and set in a star shape along the periphery of the hexagonal stator 5. That is, after the U phase is wound around the first circle, the V phase is wound around the second circle, and then the W phase is wound around the third circle, and then the U phase is wound around the fourth circle, the V phase is wound around the fifth circle, and the W phase is wound around the sixth circle, and so on. The advantage of this is to eliminate the difference in induction intensity caused by the gap difference at the end surface of the U, V, and W three-phase wire frame 3.

[0074] When the conductor frame 3 is a three-phase multi-group, the electromagnetic field arrangement of the multi-group three-phase conductor frame 3 is a dipole magnetic field arrangement, a quadrupole magnetic field arrangement, a sextupole magnetic field arrangement, or an octupole magnetic field arrangement.

[0075] The wire frame 3 is a parallelogram closed wire winding, which is different from the open winding of the existing motor wire winding, and the installation method is also different. The rotor of the existing motor can be directly installed in the round mouth of the stator embedded with the wire winding, but the present motor needs to first install the rotor 1 into the round mouth of the hexagonal stator 5, and then the three-phase wire frame 3 is put on the stator 5. The wire frame 3 and the stator are installed together with the rotor 1 in the casing 2 and then their respective positions are fixed. The three-phase six-group wire frame 3 and the stator 5 are fixed by the six faces of the inner wall of the casing, and the rotor 1 is fixed in position by the bearing seats at the two ends of the casing. The size of the round mouth of the stator 5 is larger than the size of the rotor 1 inductor 11, and a rotation gap is left between the two.

[0076] The operation of the three-phase AC closed reluctance motor is the same as that of the AC synchronous reluctance motor. When the symmetrically distributed three-phase conductor frame 3 is connected to the three-phase AC power supply, a symmetrical three-phase current will flow into the winding and generate a rotating magnetic field in a closed space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference of the stator 5 circular opening. When the magnetic field rotates, the silicon steel laminated core of the rotor 1 with magnetic resistance is dragged to rotate in the stator 5 circular opening.

[0077] Implementation 6: Figure 7As shown in: a spherical AC closed induction motor, including a rotor 1, a housing 2, a lead frame 3, and a bearing 4, characterized in that: the rotor 1 includes a shaft 10 and an inductor 11, the shaft 10 is tightly connected to the inductor 11, the inductor 11 is coaxially mounted with the shaft 10, one end of the shaft 10 serves as a power output shaft, the inductor 11 is an aluminum or copper hollow ball structure, which is covered with a spherical silicon steel sheet core, and the shaft 10 is added to form a spherical rotor.

[0078] The wire frame 3 is a circular wire winding, and the wire frame 3 is covered with a silicon steel sheet core, and the silicon steel sheet core is a hexagonal round mouth shape. The wire frame 3 has three phases, and the three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle. The wire frame 3 is covered with the inductor 11, and the current direction of the wire frame 3 surrounds the axial direction and end surface of the inductor 11 to form a closed induction magnetic field. There is a rotation gap between the wire frame 3 and the inductor 11. The gap between the three-phase wire frame 3 and the inductor 11 is very small, so there is no need to use an additional stator core. The wire frame 3 is reinforced with epoxy resin.

[0079] When the wire frame is a circular ring wire winding, the inductor is an aluminum or copper spherical squirrel cage structure, the wire frame has three phases, the three-phase wire frames are star-shaped and cross each other along the circumference of the rotor, and are evenly distributed at 120 degrees. Each phase wire frame is divided into two groups, and the two groups of wire frames are distributed in parallel on the two sides of the shaft rod. The wire ends of the three-phase wire frame are connected according to the star connection method of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or according to the triangle connection method. The wire frame is solidified with epoxy resin to strengthen the structure.

[0080] The housing is a sphere formed by two hemispheres. The center of the hemisphere housing has a bearing seat. The shaft 10 of the rotor 1 is equipped with a bearing 4. The bearing 4 is mounted in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing 2. The shaft 10 on both sides of the induction body 11 has steps, or has a slot and a retaining spring to fix the position of the bearing 4. The inner wall of the housing has an axial convex strip. The width of the axial convex strip is equal to or greater than the diameter of the shaft. The axial convex strip is located between two adjacent groups of wire frames. The annular wire winding is the best form of induction effect. The power density of the spherical closed induction motor is the highest. The disadvantage is that the installation form is unstable. It can be applied to the field of duct motors and pipeline motors.

[0081] The wire frame 3 is a circular closed wire winding, which is different from the open winding of the existing motor wire winding, and the installation method is also different. The rotor of the existing motor can be directly installed in the sub-circular opening embedded with the wire winding stator, but the present motor needs to first put the three-phase wire frame 3 on the rotor, and then the wire frame 3 and the rotor 1 are installed in the casing 2 together and then fix their respective positions. The three-phase six-group wire frame 3 is fixed by the axial convex strips 21 on the six center lines of the inner wall of the casing, and the rotor 1 is fixed in position by the bearing seats at the two ends of the casing. The size of the wire frame 3 is larger than the size of the rotor 1 inductor 11, and a rotation gap is left between the two.

[0082] The operation of the three-phase AC asynchronous closed induction motor is the same as that of the AC asynchronous induction motor. When the symmetrically distributed three-phase wire frame 3 is connected to the three-phase AC power supply, a symmetrical three-phase current will be passed into the winding, and a rotating magnetic field will be generated in the closed space. The magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference of the three-phase wire frame 3. When the magnetic field rotates, the conductor of the inductor 11 cuts the magnetic flux to generate an induced electromotive force. Due to the existence of the electromotive force, an induced current is generated in the conductor of the inductor 11. According to Ampere's law, the current of the inductor 11 interacts with the rotating magnetic field to generate an electromagnetic force, which forms an electromagnetic torque on the shaft 10 of the rotor 1, and the direction of the torque is the same as the rotation direction of the rotating magnetic field. The rotating magnetic field drags the rotor 1 to rotate in the wire frame.

[0083] The above-mentioned embodiments only describe several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention should be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. An AC closed induction motor, comprising a rotor (1), a housing (2), a lead frame (3), and a bearing (4), characterized in that: The rotor (1) comprises a shaft (10) and an inductor (11), wherein the shaft (10) is tightly connected to the inductor (11), and the inductor (11) is coaxially mounted with the shaft (10). The housing (2) is a fixing member supporting the wire frame (3) and the rotor (1). The housing (2) is cylindrical or a cylindrical frame, with a cover at one end or both ends. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing (2). The shaft (10) of the rotor (1) is equipped with bearings (4), and the bearings (4) are mounted in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing (2). The wire frame (3) is arranged inside the housing (2), and the wire frame (3) is a rectangular wire winding or a circular ring. A wire winding, wherein the wire frame (3) has two phases, three phases or multiple phases, and the two phases, three phases or multiple phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor (1) at a certain angle. The wire frame (3) is sleeved with the inductor (11), and the current direction of the wire frame (3) surrounds the inductor (11) along the axial direction and end surface to form a closed induction magnetic field. There is a rotation gap between the wire frame (3) and the inductor (11), and the housing (2) and the wire frame (3) are fixed. The wire frame (3) is passed with alternating current to form a rotating magnetic field, and a closed-loop current and a radial magnetic field are generated in the inductor (11). The rotating magnetic field drags the inductor (11) to rotate relatively in the wire frame (3).

2. The AC closed induction motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire frame (3) is a circular ring wire winding, the inductor (11) is an aluminum or copper spherical squirrel cage structure, the wire frame (3) has three phases, the three-phase wire frames (3) are star-shaped and cross each other along the circumference of the rotor (1), and are evenly distributed at 120 degrees. Each phase wire frame (3) is divided into two groups, and the two groups of wire frames (3) are parallelly distributed on the two sides of the shaft (10). The wire ends of the three-phase wire frames (3) are connected according to the star connection method of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or according to the triangle connection method. The wire frame (3) is solidified and strengthened with epoxy resin. The casing (2) is two semi-spheres combined into a sphere, and a bearing seat is provided at the center of the semi-sphere casing (2). The inner wall of the casing (2) has an axial convex strip (21), and the width of the axial convex strip (21) is equal to or greater than the diameter of the shaft (10). The axial convex strip is located between two adjacent groups of wire frames (3).

3. An AC closed induction motor, comprising a rotor (1), a housing (2), a lead frame (3), a bearing (4), and a stator (5), characterized in that: The rotor (1) comprises a shaft (10) and an inductor (11), wherein the shaft (10) is tightly connected to the inductor (11), and the inductor (11) is coaxially mounted with the shaft (10), and one end of the shaft (10) serves as a power output shaft. The housing (2) is a fixing member supporting the stator (5) and the rotor (1), and the housing (2) is cylindrical or a cylindrical frame, with a cover at one end or both ends. There are bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing (2). The shaft (10) of the rotor (1) is equipped with bearings (4), and the bearings (4) are mounted in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the housing (2). The wire frame (3) is a rectangular wire winding or a circular wire winding. The wire frame (3) is sleeved with the stator (5), and the stator (5) ) has a circular opening, the stator (5) is sleeved with the inductor (11), the axial height of the stator (5) is equal to or greater than the axial height of the inductor (11), a rotation gap is provided between the circular opening of the stator (5) and the inductor (11), the wire frame (3) has two phases or three phases, the two phases or three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor (1) at a certain angle, the wire frame (3) is sleeved with the inductor (11), the current direction of the wire frame (3) surrounds the inductor (11) along the axial direction and end surface, forming a closed induction magnetic field, the wire frame (3) is passed with alternating current to form a rotating magnetic field, a closed-loop current and a radial magnetic field are generated in the inductor (11), and the rotating magnetic field drags the inductor (11) to rotate relatively in the circular opening of the stator (5).

4. The AC closed induction motor according to claim 1 or claim 3, characterized in that: The inductor (11) is an aluminum or copper cage structure, which is covered with a silicon steel laminated core. The cage structure includes aluminum conductors and aluminum short-circuit rings, or copper conductors and copper short-circuit rings. The aluminum conductors or copper conductors are parallel or inclined relative to the shaft (10). Alternatively, the inductor (11) is an aluminum cylinder, which is covered with a silicon steel laminated core. The diameter of the inductor (11) is equal to or greater than the height.

5. The AC closed induction motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wire frame (3) has three phases, the stator (5) is a regular hexagonal silicon steel laminated iron core with a round opening in the middle, the three-phase wire frames (3) are intersected in a star shape along the periphery of the hexagonal stator (5) and are evenly distributed at 120 degrees, each phase wire frame (3) is divided into two groups, the two groups of wire frames (3) are parallelly distributed on the two sides of the shaft (10), the wire ends of the three-phase wire frames (3) are connected according to the star connection method of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or according to the triangle connection method, the casing (2) is a regular hexagonal cylinder with a front cover and a rear cover, the center of the two ends of the casing (2) has a bearing seat, the center line of the six faces of the inner wall of the casing (2) has an axial convex strip (21), or the center line of the six faces of the stator (5) has an axial convex strip (21), the width of the axial convex strip (21) is equal to or greater than the diameter of the shaft (10), and the axial convex strip is located between two adjacent groups of wire frames (3).

6. The AC closed induction motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wire frame (3) has three phases, namely, U, V and W. Each phase wire frame (3) has two groups, and each group has a plurality of wire frames. Each wire frame of the three phases, namely, U, V and W, is cross-set in a star shape along the periphery of the hexagonal stator (5).

7. The AC closed induction motor according to claim 3 or claim 4, characterized in that: The wire frame (3) has three phases, and the three-phase wire frame (3) is respectively covered with three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated iron core stators (5). The three arc-shaped silicon steel laminated iron core stators (5) are distributed in an equilateral triangle and combined into a stator (5) with an inner circular opening. The inner circular opening of the stator (5) covers the rotor (1). The wire ends of the three-phase wire frame (3) are connected according to the star connection method of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor, or according to the triangle connection method. The housing (2) is an equilateral triangle tube, or a hexagonal tube composed of three long equilateral faces and three short equilateral faces, with a front cover and a rear cover. The center of the two ends of the housing (2) has a bearing seat, and the inner corner of the housing (2) has a fixed angle (2 0), the fixed angle (20) is in the shape of an inverted isosceles triangle rod, the fixed angle (20) is located between two adjacent groups of wire frames, or the housing (2) is composed of a triangular frame (22) and a triangular tube (23), the triangular frame (22) is composed of two equilateral triangular cover plates (24) and three isosceles triangle rods (25) or three rhombus rods, the two equilateral triangular cover plates (24) have bearing seats in the center, the three corners of the equilateral triangular cover plates (24) have screw holes, the two ends of the isosceles triangle rod (25) have screw holes in the center, and bolts are used to connect the two equilateral triangular cover plates (24) and the three isosceles triangle rods (25).

8. The AC closed induction motor according to claim 5 or claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that: The motor can be installed in two ways: horizontal and vertical. When the installation is horizontal, the bottom surface of the casing (2) has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. When the installation is vertical, the front end of the casing (2) has a base frame, and the base frame has screw holes. The side of the casing (2) is provided with wire lead-out holes and screw holes, and the rear end cover has a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box. The outer surface of the casing has a heat sink, and the heat sink is axially distributed. The shaft (10) extends from the rear end cover and is connected to a cooling fan, and the rear end cover has a fan cover, or the rear end cover is provided with a wire lead-out hole and a screw hole, and the rear end cover has a wiring bridge and an insulating wire box.

9. The AC closed induction motor according to claim 5 or claim 6 or claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that: When the conductor frame (3) is a three-phase multiple group, the electromagnetic field arrangement of the multiple groups of three-phase conductor frames (3) is a dipole magnetic field arrangement, a quadrupole magnetic field arrangement, a sextupole magnetic field arrangement, or an octupole magnetic field arrangement.

10. The AC closed induction motor according to claim 1 or claim 3 or claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6 or claim 7 or claim 8 or claim 9, characterized in that: The lead frame (3) is solidified with epoxy resin to strengthen the structure.

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