Driving circuit board of vector control permanent magnet synchronous motor controller

Abstract

A driving circuit board of a vector control permanent magnet synchronous motor controller comprises a microprocessor integrated with an FOC algorithm; a bus voltage acquisition unit; a current acquisition unit; a rotary transformer, Hall and photoelectric speed sensor signal acquisition unit; a man-machine interaction unit; a six-path PWM driving unit; the connector is connected with a reliable monitoring unit. The driving circuit board provided by the utility model can be matched with three-phase full-bridge inversion power circuit boards with different power levels to quickly form a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller with different power levels. According to the utility model, the microprocessor is adopted to acquire various feedback signals such as speed, current, temperature, fault and the like and generate six paths of PWM driving waveforms, various types of speed acquisition units and communication units are integrated, the compatibility is better, the connector is added to connect the reliable monitoring unit, the safety is better, and the man-machine interaction unit is combined, so that control parameters can be adjusted, and the cost is reduced. And the permanent magnet synchronous motor supports various powers, voltages and electrical parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of permanent magnet synchronous motor controllers, in particular to a driving circuit board of a vector controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller. Background Art

[0002] The internal components of a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller are divided into two parts. One is the power circuit board responsible for converting high-voltage direct current into alternating current, which is the "hands and feet" of the controller. The other part is the driver circuit board responsible for various interface signals, logic processing, and implementation of control, which is the "brain" of the controller.

[0003] At present, a large number of permanent magnet synchronous motor controllers for industrial and new energy vehicles on the market have been eliminated due to failures or product upgrades. In fact, some of the expensive power circuit boards in the controllers can be modified and reused to serve industrial and agricultural production and life again.

[0004] At present, the internal drive circuit boards and power circuit boards of various brands of motor controllers available on the market are paired. It is impossible to combine drive circuits and power circuits of different brands and power levels separately, which limits the recycling of power circuit boards. This is mainly caused by the differences in drive circuit boards, specifically: different interfaces such as speed sensors and communication units, and different motor resistance, inductance, voltage and electrical control parameter settings.

[0005] To this end, we propose a drive circuit board for a vector-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a driving circuit board of a vector-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A driving circuit board of a vector-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller, characterized in that it comprises:

[0009] Microprocessor with integrated FOC algorithm;

[0010] The bus voltage acquisition unit is used to collect the bus voltage on the power circuit board of the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and transmit the data to the microprocessor;

[0011] A current acquisition unit, used to collect the output current from the power circuit board to the permanent magnet synchronous motor;

[0012] The speed sensor signal acquisition unit includes: a resolver speed sensor signal acquisition unit, a Hall speed sensor signal acquisition unit, and a photoelectric speed sensor signal acquisition unit, which are used to respectively acquire the speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor based on the resolver, Hall and photoelectric sensors, and transmit the data to the microprocessor;

[0013] A human-computer interaction unit, connected to the microprocessor, for inputting commands and displaying output information;

[0014] The 6-channel PWM drive unit receives the control signal of the microprocessor and inputs the generated 6-channel PWM drive waveform into the three-phase full-bridge inverter circuit on the power circuit board;

[0015] The connector connection reliability monitoring unit is used to monitor whether the connection of the connector on the driving circuit board is reliable.

[0016] In the above scheme: the utility model integrates multiple types of speed acquisition units on the driving circuit board, the resolver speed sensor signal acquisition unit is used to collect the rotational speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor based on the resolver sensor, the Hall speed sensor signal acquisition unit is used to collect the rotational speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor based on the Hall sensor, and the photoelectric speed sensor signal acquisition unit is used to collect the rotational speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor based on the photoelectric sensor, so as to adapt to different types of power circuit boards.

[0017] The utility model is provided with a human-machine interaction unit and a 4.3-inch touch screen, which is convenient for the debugging personnel to quickly adjust and set the driving circuit board voltage, resistance, inductance, control loop, vector control algorithm parameters and the like according to the specific situation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The human-machine interaction unit also enables the user to monitor the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters during the operation of the motor.

[0018] In the utility model, the microprocessor receives the voltage data from the bus voltage acquisition unit, the current data from the current acquisition unit, and the motor speed data from the speed sensor signal acquisition unit, and gives the control signal to the 6-way PWM drive unit through the FOC algorithm operation, and then generates 6-way PWM drive waveforms, and inputs them into the three-phase full-bridge inverter circuit after passing through the signal isolation unit on the power circuit board to control the operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0019] In the utility model, in order to prevent the motor from losing control due to unreliable signal transmission caused by inadequate connection of the connector, a connector connection reliability monitoring unit is provided.

[0020] Furthermore, the utility model adopts a pluggable connector, and the connector connection reliable monitoring unit includes three micro switches connected in series, and is connected to the PWM output interface and AD sampling interface of the microprocessor to form a loop; the three micro switches are respectively installed on the three connectors to monitor whether the connectors are inserted in place;

[0021] In the above scheme, the utility model adopts a pluggable connector, which can be flexibly matched with power circuits of different power levels to form a motor controller, which is convenient for rapid assembly and production and later maintenance. It can be used to network with other control systems to build a servo motion system, and can also be used alone to drive industrial and agricultural machine tools, water pumps or new energy vehicles. It has a wide range of uses.

[0022] Each unit in the driver circuit board of the utility model is finally connected to the power board through multiple plug-in connectors, among which there are three key connectors involving PWM wave drive signals, speed signals, and current signals, namely: a first connector for connecting the 6-way PWM drive unit to the power circuit board, a second connector for connecting the speed sensor signal acquisition unit to the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and a third connector for connecting the current acquisition unit to the power circuit board. Micro switches are installed on these three connectors, and the working principle of the connector connection reliable monitoring unit is as follows:

[0023] The three micro switches are connected in series in the circuit. When the connector is plugged in, the micro switch is closed, otherwise the micro switch is disconnected. The PWM output interface of the microprocessor sends a 2KHz fixed frequency PWM wave that enters the three micro switches after optical coupling isolation, and then returns to the AD sampling interface of the microprocessor. If one or more of the connectors are not plugged in, the entire monitoring unit circuit is in a disconnected state, and the signal cannot return to the microprocessor. The microprocessor will immediately stop the output of the 6-channel PWM drive signal, thereby avoiding the motor out of control due to the connector not being in place or loose in the middle. At the same time, the 2KHz PWM signal used for reliable monitoring of the connector connection is sampled by the AD sampling interface of the microprocessor instead of the pulse counting interface, which can avoid the interference of the high-frequency PWM drive signal in the power board circuit to a certain extent.

[0024] Furthermore, the driving circuit board of the utility model is also provided with a cooling fan driving unit and a motor temperature acquisition unit; the motor temperature acquisition unit is used to collect the temperature signal of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and transmit the data to the microprocessor; the microprocessor controls the working state of the cooling fan on the power circuit board through the cooling fan driving unit.

[0025] Furthermore, the driver circuit board of the utility model is also provided with a 485 network communication unit and a CAN network communication unit connected to the microprocessor, and a variety of communication unit interfaces are integrated on the driver circuit board to match different power circuit boards.

[0026] Furthermore, the driving circuit board of the utility model is also provided with an emergency stop input unit connected to the microprocessor and a braking resistor discharge unit, and the braking resistor discharge unit is connected to the braking circuit on the power circuit board.

[0027] Furthermore, a flyback auxiliary power drive unit and a fault feedback unit connected to the microprocessor are provided, and the flyback auxiliary power drive unit is connected to the flyback auxiliary power supply on the power circuit board.

[0028] In order to prevent overcurrent and overvoltage accidents caused by feedback errors of the current and voltage acquisition units, the utility model adopts redundant design for the current and voltage acquisition units, and the acquired signals are sent to two AD sampling interfaces of the microprocessor. Only when the difference between the two AD values ​​is within the allowable error range are they sent to the control loop, otherwise the system enters a protection state and stops outputting, thereby improving the safety of the system.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the drive circuit board of the utility model has the complete logic control function required by a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller with vector control technology (FOC). The drive circuit board can be matched with a three-phase full-bridge inverter power circuit board of different power levels on the market to quickly form an advanced permanent magnet synchronous motor controller with different power levels. The drive circuit board of the utility model adopts a microprocessor to sample various feedback signals such as speed, current, temperature, fault, etc. and generate 6-channel PWM drive waveforms. Compared with the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor control drive board solution, it integrates various types of speed acquisition units and communication units, has better compatibility, adds a reliable monitoring unit for connector connection, and has better safety. At the same time, combined with the human-computer interaction unit, the internal control parameters can be flexibly adjusted on site, so as to realize a permanent magnet synchronous motor that supports multiple power, voltage and electrical parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit structure of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure related to the connector connection reliability monitoring unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a driving circuit board of a vector-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller includes: a microprocessor, a cooling fan driving unit, a bus voltage acquisition unit, a braking resistor discharge unit, a flyback auxiliary power supply driving unit, a 6-way PWM driving unit, a fault feedback unit, a current acquisition unit, a rotary speed sensor signal acquisition unit, a Hall speed sensor signal acquisition unit, a photoelectric speed sensor signal acquisition unit, an emergency stop input unit, a human-computer interaction unit, a CAN network communication unit, a 485 network communication unit, a connector connection reliability monitoring unit and a motor temperature acquisition unit.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, the power circuit board of the permanent magnet synchronous motor includes: DC input, filter and voltage stabilizing capacitor, brake circuit, three-phase full-bridge inverter circuit, signal isolation unit, current sensor and cooling fan. The permanent magnet synchronous motor is equipped with a speed sensor and a temperature sensor. According to the speed sensor type of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the corresponding speed sensor signal acquisition unit is selected on the driver circuit board.

[0035] The microprocessor is integrated with the FOC algorithm. The microprocessor receives the voltage data from the bus voltage acquisition unit, the current data from the current acquisition unit, and the motor speed data from the speed sensor signal acquisition unit, and gives the control signal to the 6-way PWM drive unit through the FOC algorithm, and then generates 6-way PWM drive waveforms. After passing through the signal isolation unit on the power circuit board, it is input into the three-phase full-bridge inverter circuit to control the operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0036] The motor temperature acquisition unit collects the temperature signal of the permanent magnet synchronous motor through the temperature sensor and transmits the data to the microprocessor; the microprocessor controls the working state of the cooling fan on the power circuit board through the cooling fan drive unit.

[0037] In this embodiment, a high-performance processor is used to generate a power board drive PWM waveform, which is combined with vector control to support a variety of permanent magnet synchronous motors with different powers, voltages and electrical parameters, and has better versatility.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The connector on the driver circuit board is pluggable. In order to prevent the motor from losing control due to unreliable signal transmission caused by improper connector connection, a connector connection reliability monitoring unit is set. There are three key connectors involving PWM wave drive signals, speed signals, and current signals, namely: the first connector for connecting the 6-way PWM drive unit to the power circuit board, the second connector for connecting the speed sensor signal acquisition unit to the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the third connector for connecting the current acquisition unit to the power circuit board.

[0040] Micro switches are installed on the above three connectors, such as Figure 2 As shown, the working principle of the connector connection reliable monitoring unit is as follows:

[0041] The three micro switches exist in the circuit in series. When the connector is plugged in, the micro switch is closed, otherwise the micro switch is disconnected. The PWM output interface of the microprocessor sends out a 2KHz fixed-frequency PWM wave, which enters the three micro switches after optical coupling isolation, and then returns to the AD sampling interface of the microprocessor. If one or several connectors are not plugged in, the entire monitoring unit circuit is in a disconnected state, and the signal cannot return to the microprocessor. The microprocessor will immediately stop the output of the 6-channel PWM drive signal, thereby avoiding motor loss of control due to the connector not being in place or loosening in the middle.

[0042] At the same time, the 2KHz PWM signal used for reliable monitoring of connector connection is sampled by the AD sampling interface of the microprocessor instead of the pulse counting interface, which can avoid the interference of high-frequency PWM drive signal in the power board circuit to a certain extent. This design cleverly uses optocouplers, micro switches, voltage-stabilizing diodes, resistors, capacitors, and cooperates with the PWM output interface and AD sampling interface of the microprocessor to realize the reliable monitoring of connector connection at low cost and high reliability, effectively avoiding the risk of motor loss of control due to improper connector connection.

Claims

1. A driving circuit board of a vector-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller, characterized in that it comprises: Microprocessor with integrated FOC algorithm; The bus voltage acquisition unit is used to collect the bus voltage on the power circuit board of the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and transmit the data to the microprocessor; A current acquisition unit, used to collect the output current from the power circuit board to the permanent magnet synchronous motor; The speed sensor signal acquisition unit includes: a resolver speed sensor signal acquisition unit, a Hall speed sensor signal acquisition unit, and a photoelectric speed sensor signal acquisition unit, which are used to respectively acquire the speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor based on the resolver, Hall and photoelectric sensors, and transmit the data to the microprocessor; A human-computer interaction unit, connected to the microprocessor, for inputting commands and displaying output information; The 6-channel PWM drive unit receives the control signal of the microprocessor and inputs the generated 6-channel PWM drive waveform into the three-phase full-bridge inverter circuit on the power circuit board; The connector connection reliability monitoring unit is used to monitor whether the connection of the connector on the driving circuit board is reliable.

2. The driving circuit board of a vector-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector connection reliability monitoring unit includes three micro switches connected in series and connected to the PWM output interface and AD sampling interface of the microprocessor to form a loop; the three micro switches are respectively installed on the three connectors to monitor whether the connectors are properly inserted; The three connectors are: a first connector for connecting the 6-way PWM drive unit with the power circuit board, a second connector for connecting the speed sensor signal acquisition unit with the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and a third connector for connecting the current acquisition unit with the power circuit board.

3. The driving circuit board of a vector-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling fan drive unit and a motor temperature acquisition unit are also provided; the motor temperature acquisition unit is used to collect the temperature signal of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and transmit the data to the microprocessor; the microprocessor controls the working state of the cooling fan on the power circuit board through the cooling fan drive unit.

4. The driving circuit board of a vector-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: A 485 network communication unit and a CAN network communication unit connected to the microprocessor are also provided.

5. The driving circuit board of a vector-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: An emergency stop input unit and a brake resistor discharge unit connected to the microprocessor are also provided. The brake resistor discharge unit is connected to a brake circuit on a power circuit board.

6. The driving circuit board of a vector-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flyback auxiliary power drive unit connected to the microprocessor is also provided, and the flyback auxiliary power drive unit is connected to the flyback auxiliary power supply on the power circuit board.

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