Forklift radiating device and electric forklift

Abstract

The utility model discloses a forklift radiating device which comprises a radiating base arranged on a driving motor and a radiating pipe arranged on the radiating base, the radiating pipe comprises an outer pipe body and an inner pipe body arranged in the outer pipe body, the inner pipe body is arranged to contain a first cooling medium, and the outer pipe body is arranged to contain a second cooling medium. The heat conductivity coefficient of the second cooling medium is smaller than that of the first cooling medium. According to the forklift heat dissipation device, the heat dissipation effect can be improved. The utility model further discloses an electric forklift.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of forklifts, and specifically relates to a forklift heat dissipation device and an electric forklift. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of environmental awareness and the development of new energy technologies, electric forklifts are gradually replacing traditional internal combustion forklifts, especially in indoor working environments, to reduce exhaust emissions and noise pollution.

[0003] Large-tonnage electric forklifts are usually used in heavy industry and large-scale logistics handling. The objects involved are often very heavy, and internal combustion forklifts were often used in the past. With the technological advancement of domestic new energy electric forklifts, the frequency of electric forklifts in heavy-load handling is increasing. However, under the 80V platform, the performance and life of the battery will be greatly affected under high current discharge rates. Because high current discharge will generate a lot of heat, causing the battery temperature to rise. High temperature will not only affect the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery, but also shorten the service life of the battery, and may even cause thermal runaway and safety problems. At the same time, since the space of large-tonnage electric forklifts is occupied by the power system, hydraulic pipelines, and batteries, the high heat of the brake part also faces severe challenges. If the heat of the brake oil part cannot be removed in time, once the temperature is too high, the braking performance will be reduced or even fail, causing personal safety accidents.

[0004] Therefore, while providing clean energy, electric forklifts also face performance challenges, especially when facing 7 tons and above. The drive motor power under the 80V platform is generally large, and the discharge capacity requirements of the required batteries are greatly increased. The thermal management of the battery has become a key factor limiting its performance and safety. At the same time, stricter requirements are also put forward for the thermal balance management of the braking system. Existing heat dissipation technology has limitations. Traditional passive heat dissipation methods (such as natural convection) are no longer sufficient to meet the heat dissipation needs of electric forklifts under high-load working conditions.

[0005] A Chinese patent application with application number 202311358276.2 discloses a water cooling system for a high-voltage electric forklift and a high-voltage electric forklift, wherein the water cooling system for a high-voltage electric forklift comprises a refrigerant circuit, a coolant circuit and a first cooling circuit, the refrigerant circuit is used for circulating the refrigerant, and the refrigerant circuit comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator connected in sequence; the coolant circuit is used for circulating the coolant, and the coolant comprises a first power pump and a first storage tank for storing the coolant, and the first storage tank is connected to the evaporator through the first power pump; the first cooling circuit is directly connected to the first storage tank, and a heat exchanger and a second power pump are provided on the first cooling circuit, the heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between the coolant and the power battery and / or the motor, and the second power pump is configured to drive the coolant to circulate in the first cooling circuit.

[0006] The above-mentioned high-voltage electric forklift water cooling system is essentially based on the reverse Carnot cycle principle, which is similar to air conditioning. The reverse Carnot cycle is a variation of the Carnot cycle, which transfers heat from a colder place to a hotter place, which is opposite to the direction in which heat naturally flows from a high-temperature object to a low-temperature object in nature. Therefore, in order to achieve this process, external energy input is required, which is usually provided by a compressor. The refrigerant undergoes the following four main processes in the reverse Carnot cycle:

[0007] 1. Compression process: The refrigerant is compressed in the compressor, turning it into high-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0008] 2. Condensation process: The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant flows into the condenser, where it releases heat to the external environment, usually through heat sinks and fans to accelerate the process. The refrigerant changes from gas to liquid in the condenser.

[0009] 3. Expansion process: Liquid refrigerant passes through the expansion valve, at which time its pressure and temperature will decrease because the expansion valve restricts the flow of refrigerant, thereby reducing its pressure.

[0010] 4. Evaporation process: Low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant flows into the evaporator, which absorbs the heat in the vehicle and cools the air. The fan blows the air in the vehicle through the evaporator, so the air is cooled and circulated back to the indoor space. When this technology is applied in forklifts, it will inevitably encounter the same problems faced by air conditioning cooling and heating.

[0011] The condenser will release heat to the external environment. In this process, a second fan is used in the water cooling system to cool the condenser. In the actual forklift structure, the heat dissipation air path of the fan and condenser will be blocked by components such as the instrument panel, hydraulic pipes, and forklift masts. When the forklift is moving forward, the wind resistance it faces is exactly opposite to the heat dissipation blowing direction, which will greatly reduce the heat dissipation effect and there is a situation where the driving air volume is greater than the air volume of the cooling fan. As a result, the original intention of the design to dissipate heat has become the problem of the external environment wind pouring this part of the heat back into the forklift. In addition, in order to ensure the cooling effect, the machine that generally adopts the reverse Carnot cycle needs to be designed in a split type, that is, to configure the indoor unit and the outdoor unit, which has certain technical irrationalities.

[0012] It is desirable to provide an improved heat dissipation device for a forklift, in particular to improve the heat dissipation effect of an angle forklift. Utility Model Content

[0013] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model provides a forklift heat dissipation device, the purpose of which is to improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0014] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a forklift heat dissipation device, including a heat dissipation base arranged on a drive motor and a heat dissipation pipe arranged on the heat dissipation base, the heat dissipation pipe includes an outer tube body and an inner tube body arranged inside the outer tube body, the inner tube body is configured to accommodate a first cooling medium, and the outer tube body is configured to accommodate a second cooling medium, and the thermal conductivity of the second cooling medium is less than the thermal conductivity of the first cooling medium.

[0015] The first cooling medium is pure water coolant.

[0016] The second cooling medium is 50% ethylene glycol cooling liquid.

[0017] The forklift cooling device further comprises a first fan, which is located in a space formed between a power battery and a hydraulic oil tank of the forklift.

[0018] The forklift cooling device further comprises a first heat exchanger arranged in the fixed air duct, the first fan is located in the fixed air duct, and the first heat exchanger is arranged to perform heat exchange with the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank of the forklift.

[0019] The forklift cooling device further comprises a copper sheet connected to the first heat exchanger and the hydraulic oil tank.

[0020] The forklift cooling device also includes a phase change material cooling box and a second heat exchanger for cooling the phase change material cooling box. The phase change material cooling box is configured to accommodate a phase change medium. The second heat exchanger and the phase change material cooling box are connected to the first heat exchanger.

[0021] The second heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger body and a second fan disposed on the heat exchanger body.

[0022] The heat exchanger body is a flat plate heat exchanger.

[0023] The utility model also provides an electric forklift, comprising the forklift heat dissipation device.

[0024] The forklift heat dissipation device of the utility model can improve the heat dissipation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] This specification includes the following drawings, which show the following contents:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation section of the motor;

[0027] Figure 2 It is the heat dissipation in the car body Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 3 It is the heat dissipation in the car body Figure 2 ;

[0029] The markings in the figure are: 1. heat dissipation base; 2. heat dissipation pipe; 3. thermal insulation cotton; 4. upper air duct plate; 5. first fan; 6. first heat exchanger; 7. copper sheet; 8. pipeline; 9. phase change material cooling box; 10. second heat exchanger; 11. power battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific implementation methods of the utility model are further explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through the description of embodiments, with the aim of helping technicians in the field to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the concept and technical solution of the utility model and facilitating its implementation.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides a forklift heat dissipation device, including a heat dissipation base 1 arranged on a drive motor and a heat dissipation pipe 2 arranged on the heat dissipation base 1, the heat dissipation pipe 2 includes an outer tube body and an inner tube body arranged inside the outer tube body, the inner tube body is configured to accommodate a first cooling medium, and the outer tube body is configured to accommodate a second cooling medium, and the thermal conductivity of the second cooling medium is less than the thermal conductivity of the first cooling medium.

[0032] Specifically, if Figure 1As shown, the heat dissipation base 1 is a copper plate, and a double-layer heat dissipation pipe 2 is embedded in the heat dissipation base 1. This design can maximize the heat exchange efficiency. The first cooling medium is pure water coolant, and the second cooling medium is 50% ethylene glycol coolant. The high thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation base 1 helps to quickly disperse the heat generated by the operation of the drive motor. The heat dissipation paste is laid under the heat dissipation base 1, which not only enhances the heat exchange efficiency between different metal media, but also plays a role in bonding and fixing, ensuring the stability of the heat dissipation component and improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0033] The heat dissipation pipe 2 is composed of an inner tube body and an outer tube body, both of which are hollow structures. The inner tube body is located in the inner cavity of the outer tube body, and a space for accommodating the second cooling medium is formed between the outer cylindrical surface of the inner tube body and the inner cylindrical surface of the outer tube body. The inner tube body is filled with pure water coolant, whose thermal conductivity is 0.574W / (m·K), which effectively absorbs the heat on the surface of the drive motor. The outer tube body is filled with 50% ethylene glycol coolant, whose thermal conductivity is about 0.24W / (m·K). Although it is lower than water, it is suitable for heat exchange between the inner and outer tubes due to its good thermal conductivity and fluidity. Even if the inner tube body leaks or ruptures, the ethylene glycol medium can maintain chemical stability with water, and will not cause explosions, toxic gases and other hazards.

[0034] Taking into account the insulation problem of the motor, if the existing technology is used to connect external pipelines, due to the need to add components such as valves and circulation pumps, the risk of leakage in the pipeline will cause damage to the insulation of the motor entering the coolant, leading to the risk of electrical installation accidents.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heat dissipation device of the forklift of the utility model also includes a first heat exchanger 6 and a first fan 5 arranged in the fixed air duct, and the first heat exchanger 6 is arranged to perform heat exchange with the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank of the forklift. The fixed air duct is a square-shaped air duct surrounded by an upper air duct plate 4, a battery support plate, a first side plate and a second side plate. The first side plate is arranged on the hydraulic oil tank, and the battery support plate and the second side plate are arranged on the power battery 11. The battery support plate is located below the upper air duct plate 4 and the two are arranged oppositely. The first side plate and the second side plate are arranged vertically and the two are arranged oppositely. The two ends of the battery support plate are respectively welded to the upper ends of the first side plate and the second side plate, and the battery support plate is respectively welded to the lower ends of the first side plate and the second side plate. The first fan 5 is located above the first heat exchanger 6. In this embodiment, the first fan 5 uses a fan with a model of DC12V310CFM. A total of three first fans 5 are provided, and a fixed air duct leads to the rear of the forklift body. The first fan 5 is used to blow air to the rear of the forklift body. The heat dissipation can be 24m per minute. 3 Around, heat exchange is carried out between the flow medium in the fixed air duct and the radiant heat of the hydraulic oil tank.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic oil tank and the power battery 11 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the heat insulation cotton 3 is arranged on the right partition side of the power battery 11 close to the hydraulic oil tank. The heat insulation cotton 3 effectively isolates the influence of hydraulic oil or other external heat sources on the battery cooling system, reduces the radiation heat and convection heat of external components to the battery, and ensures the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the first heat exchanger 6 is connected in the forklift hydraulic circuit, the first heat exchanger 6 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, the first heat exchanger 6 is a flat plate heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger 6 is built in the fixed air duct. When the relatively high temperature hydraulic oil flows through the first heat exchanger 6, the heat is transferred from the high temperature area to the low temperature area through the flat plate material, and because the flow rate of the hydraulic oil is relatively high in the forklift hydraulic circuit, the heat can be well exchanged and then blown out by the exhaust fan.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heat dissipation device for a forklift of the present invention further includes a copper sheet 7 connected to the first heat exchanger 6 and the hydraulic oil tank. The copper sheet 7 is a component connecting the first side plate and the first heat exchanger 6. The copper sheet 7 plays a role of supporting and reducing lateral displacement on the one hand, and on the other hand, plays a role of conducting the heat in the high temperature area of ​​the hydraulic oil tank to the fixed air duct, and the fixed air duct plays a role of forced heat dissipation.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heat dissipation device of the forklift of the utility model also includes a phase change material cooling box 9 and a second heat exchanger 10 for dissipating heat from the phase change material cooling box 9. The phase change material cooling box 9 is configured to accommodate a phase change medium. The first heat exchanger 6 is connected to the second heat exchanger 10 and the phase change material cooling box 9 through two pipes 8 respectively. The phase change material cooling box 9 and the second heat exchanger 10 are mounted on the vehicle body. The phase change material cooling box 9 and the second heat exchanger 10 are located outside the fixed air duct. The phase change medium is a paraffin-foam iron phase change material, and the phase change medium is composed of a mixture of an organic phase change material and a heat conductive material. The organic phase change material is paraffin, and the heat conductive material is foam iron. The pipe 8 is configured to have two routes. One route of hydraulic oil discharged from the first heat exchanger 6 enters the phase change material cooling box 9, and the other route of hydraulic oil enters the second heat exchanger 10. The phase change material cooling box 9 is filled with foam iron-paraffin material, which combines the high energy storage characteristics of paraffin and the high thermal conductivity of metal foam. The addition of foam iron shortens the phase change time of paraffin by 1 / 3 to 1 / 4, and reduces the heat release density of phase change. Paraffin has good chemical stability and a long service life, and its phase change form is solid-liquid conversion with shape stability. The prices of paraffin and foam iron are relatively low, which ensures that they can be used in forklifts.

[0040] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second heat exchanger 10 includes a heat exchanger body and a second fan arranged on the heat exchanger body, and the heat exchanger body is a flat plate heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger 10 is a combination of a flat plate heat exchanger and a fan, and the blowing direction of the second fan is from the outside of the vehicle to the inside of the vehicle. The phase change material cooling box 9 and the heat exchanger body are arranged in a close fit, and the phase change material cooling box 9 and the heat exchanger body are located on the airflow path formed by the second fan. The second fan plays a role in dissipating heat for the phase change material cooling box 9 and the heat exchanger body at the same time, and can cool the heat of liquid-solid conversion during the phase change process.

[0041] The utility model also provides an electric forklift, including a forklift heat dissipation device of the above structure. The specific structure of the forklift heat dissipation device can be referred to Figures 1 to 3 Since the electric forklift of the utility model includes the forklift heat dissipation device in the above embodiment, it has all the advantages of the forklift heat dissipation device.

[0042] The above is an exemplary description of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the utility model; or the above concept and technical solution of the utility model are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A forklift cooling device, characterized in that: It includes a heat dissipation base arranged on a driving motor and a heat dissipation pipe arranged on the heat dissipation base, the heat dissipation pipe includes an outer tube body and an inner tube body arranged inside the outer tube body, the inner tube body is arranged to accommodate a first cooling medium, and the outer tube body is arranged to accommodate a second cooling medium, and the thermal conductivity of the second cooling medium is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the first cooling medium.

2. The forklift heat dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cooling medium is pure water coolant.

3. The forklift heat dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cooling medium is 50% ethylene glycol cooling liquid.

4. The forklift cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The forklift also includes a first fan, which is located in a space formed between a power battery and a hydraulic oil tank of the forklift.

5. The forklift heat dissipation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invention also includes a first heat exchanger disposed in the fixed air duct, wherein the first heat exchanger is configured to perform heat exchange with hydraulic oil from a hydraulic oil tank of the forklift.

6. The forklift heat dissipation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also included is a copper sheet connected to the first heat exchanger and the hydraulic oil tank.

7. The forklift heat dissipation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a phase change material cooling box and a second heat exchanger for dissipating heat from the phase change material cooling box. The phase change material cooling box is configured to accommodate a phase change medium. The second heat exchanger and the phase change material cooling box are connected to the first heat exchanger.

8. The forklift heat dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger body and a second fan disposed on the heat exchanger body.

9. The forklift cooling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat exchanger body is a flat plate heat exchanger.

10. Electric forklift, characterized by: A forklift cooling device comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.

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