Completely modularly assembled lower feeding type pyrolysis reactor and poly-generation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fully modularly assembled lower feeding type pyrolysis reactor and a poly-generation system, a furnace plate of the reactor is rotatably arranged in a lower shell and is sleeved on a feeding pipe of a feeding device, a cooling and stirring pipe is arranged above a stirring surface of the furnace plate, and the cooling and stirring pipe is sleeved on the lower shell. A water inlet pipe opening and a water outlet opening of the cooling stirring pipe are fixed on the reactor shell body, the deslagging device is fixedly connected with the lower shell body and is arranged at the bottom of the furnace plate, the gate valve is arranged between the furnace plate and the deslagging device, and the gate valve is arranged between the furnace plate and the deslagging device. A modularized manufacturing mode is adopted, electrical and monitoring systems are installed in advance, the pyrolysis reactor can be transported to the site in a modularized mode after being comprehensively debugged, the installation time is shortened by 90%, the installation quality is guaranteed, various installation angles can be adjusted at any time through modularized installation, the on-site requirements of customers are met, the overall design of the pyrolysis reactor does not need to be changed, and the cost is reduced. Not only is the commercialization level improved, but also the accurate control of the pyrolytic reaction is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of energy, in particular to a fully modularly assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactor and a polygeneration system. Background Art

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis refers to the thermochemical conversion technology method of heating biomass to 250-700°C in the absence of oxidants (air, oxygen, water vapor, etc.) or with limited oxygen, and decomposing biomass macromolecules (lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose) into smaller molecular fuel substances (solid charcoal, combustible gas, bio-oil) through thermochemical reactions. From the perspective of chemical reactions, complex thermochemical reactions occur in biomass during pyrolysis, including molecular bond breaking, isomerization and small molecule polymerization. (Zhao Tinglin, Wang Peng, Deng Dajun, et al. Current status and prospects of biomass pyrolysis research [J]. New Energy Industry, 2007, 5: 54-60).

[0003] The products of biomass pyrolysis are combustible pyrolysis gas and solid biochar, both of which are products that can be used for energy applications. In addition to being used as a heating fuel, gas can also be further reformed as a raw material for power generation and synthesis of green liquid fuels; in addition to being used as a fuel, biochar also has a lot of added value, and is also used as a fuel for metal smelting, food and light industry, a reducing agent for electric furnace smelting, and a covering agent to protect metals from oxidation during metal refining. In the chemical industry, it is often used as a raw material for carbon disulfide and activated carbon. The market for biochar is now vast.

[0004] Chinese patent CN201210590914.9 discloses a vertical pyrolysis reactor, which includes a reactor shell, a feeding device, a biomass gas outlet at the top of the reactor, an ash discharge device at the bottom of the reactor, and a grate inside the reactor. The feeding device is located at the bottom of the reactor, and the discharge port of the feeding device is located at the bottom center of the reactor.

[0005] Application number CN201220748018.6, patent name: A precise control vertical pyrolysis reactor, including a reactor shell, a feeding device, a biomass gas outlet at the top of the reactor, an ash discharge device at the bottom of the reactor, and a grate inside the reactor; the feeding device is located at the bottom of the reactor, and the discharge port of the feeding device is located at the bottom center of the reactor. The method of feeding at the bottom center solves the problem of uniform distribution among the three bottlenecks that have long plagued biomass pyrolysis reactors; a slag breaking device is installed in the pyrolysis reactor to form an organic combination with the rotating grate, and the running speed of the grate can accurately adjust the discharge amount, and precise pyrolysis reaction control is achieved by controlling the feeding speed, discharge speed, material layer thickness, air intake, air intake distribution, reaction temperature, etc. The ash discharge of the pyrolysis reactor is more stable and continuous, and the production reliability is greatly improved; the position design of the feeding device and the use of the slag breaking device can effectively and continuously process biomass up to about 10 cm in size.

[0006] CN202011483354.8, patent name: A rotating furnace plate and pyrolysis reactor, comprising a plate body and at least one stirring piece, wherein the plate body is configured to be rotatably mounted, and a material stirring piece is provided on the material-diverting surface of the plate body; the material stirring piece is configured to be fixedly mounted, and the plate body can rotate freely relative to the material stirring piece. When the reactor of the utility model is in operation, the material-diverting piece and the material stirring piece act on the material and ash accumulation at the same time, making it difficult to form a bridging phenomenon inside the reactor. The stirring piece of the present application has a flow channel, and a cooling medium passes through its interior. The cooling medium exchanges heat with the material and gas inside the reactor, which can effectively reduce the temperature inside the reactor, thereby effectively controlling the degree of coking inside the reactor, and further effectively avoiding the formation of hardening.

[0007] This application is a commercialization of the deep improvement and modular design based on the previous utility model patents (CN201220748018.6, CN202011483354.8) of the applicant team. Specifically, the above-mentioned vertical pyrolysis reactors have large equipment volume, which makes it difficult to transport them at high and long distances, and difficult to install them on site. The on-site installation takes a long time and the construction period and quality are difficult to control, which causes many drawbacks in practical applications, such as inconvenient transportation, excessively high local temperature of the materials inside the furnace, fuel compaction, long time required for on-site installation, and difficult quality control. Utility Model Content

[0008] In order to solve the technical problems of the vertical pyrolysis reactor in the prior art, such as inconvenient transportation, long installation period, difficult to control installation quality, excessively high local temperature of the material inside the furnace, fuel compaction, etc., which are difficult to accurately control, the present application proposes a fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor and multi-generation system to solve the above technical problems.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0010] The utility model provides a fully modularly assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactor, comprising: a reactor shell body installed separately, the reactor shell body comprising a detachable upper shell body and a lower shell body; a feeding device, the feeding device is arranged at the lower shell body, and the feeding device is integrated with an air inlet system, a gate valve, and a slag discharge device in a furnace plate; a furnace plate, the furnace plate is rotatably arranged inside the lower shell body, and is sleeved on a feeding pipe of the feeding device, a cooling stirring pipe fixedly connected to the reactor shell body is arranged above the material-pickup surface of the furnace plate, a water inlet and a water outlet of the cooling stirring pipe are fixed on the reactor shell body, and at the same time, the furnace plate is connected to the air inlet system, and in addition to being integrated with the above-mentioned feeding device, the furnace plate is also integrated with the air inlet system, so that the air inlet can be accurately controlled to ensure an accurate pyrolysis reaction, and the air inlet system also cools the key part of the furnace plate surface through a specific guiding channel. To ensure that the furnace plate can operate stably for a long time, the furnace plate is also integrated with the slag discharge device. The furnace plate, which integrates multiple functions such as feeding, air intake, rotation, slag discharge, and coke breaking, is the core component of the reactor to complete the core functions. Integration maximizes the level of assembly and quality control; there is a coke breaking device at the junction of the lowest part of the furnace plate and the lower shell, which can judge whether coking occurs according to the furnace plate current, and change the furnace plate rotation speed to achieve coke breaking. Coke breaking can be judged and automatically completed by the control system during operation; slag discharge device, the slag discharge device is fixed on the lower shell by integration with the furnace plate, and is arranged at the bottom of the furnace plate, and is integrated into the feeding device and the furnace plate; the gate valve, the gate valve is arranged between the furnace plate and the slag discharge device, so that the slag on the feeding surface of the furnace plate, or the biochar obtained by precisely controlling the reaction time and reaction temperature, passes through the gate valve and enters the slag discharge hopper of the slag discharge device.

[0011] Furthermore, a circulating water channel for circulating cooling water is formed in the shell wall of the lower shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the water inlet of the cooling stirring pipe is arranged on the lower shell body, and the water outlet of the cooling stirring pipe is arranged on the upper shell body.

[0013] Furthermore, the connection between the top of the lower shell and the upper shell is gradually narrowed, and an arched crack portion protruding into the reactor shell is formed at the gradually narrowed diameter change portion. In terms of technology, this narrowing can facilitate the mixing of pyrolysis gases generated at different times and conduct secondary reactions, so as to obtain a pyrolysis gas product with stable components.

[0014] Furthermore, the gate valve includes: a flange ring, which is connected to the bottom of the lower shell; a plurality of valve plates, which are horizontally arranged and move radially along the flange ring to block the material shifting surface of the furnace plate and the channel of the slag discharge hopper of the slag discharge device; a plurality of filling angle plates, which are fixed to the inner ring of the flange ring and filled at the round strip outlet surfaces of the two valve plates.

[0015] Furthermore, the vertical projection of the filling angle plate is an isosceles triangle, the bottom edge line of the filling angle plate is connected to the flange ring, and the two waistlines of the filling angle plate extend toward the center of the flange ring and close together. Accordingly, the end of the valve plate is formed with a straight guide angle that matches the waistline shape of the filling angle plate.

[0016] Furthermore, each valve plate is driven by a separate motor or cylinder. When the valve plate is driven by a motor, a nut is fixed on the valve plate, a screw is fixed on the output shaft of the motor, and the screw cooperates with the nut. The gate valve completes the closing control of the round strip outlet surface through multiple valve plates that can move horizontally.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a frame, which is arranged at the work site to erect the reactor shell, the supporting legs of the frame are configured to be connected in sections, and the frame can be integrated with the lower shell, the feeding device, the furnace plate, the slag discharge device and the gate valve to achieve modular assembly.

[0018] Furthermore, a stop valve is also arranged on the air outlet pipe of the upper shell, and the stop valve comprises: a valve plate, a sealing portion of the valve plate is opposite to the outlet of the air outlet pipe of the upper shell; and a valve stem, the valve stem pushes the valve plate away from or close to the outlet of the air outlet pipe of the upper shell.

[0019] Furthermore, a gas relief pipe is disposed on the top of the reactor shell to ensure the safety of the unit under emergency conditions, and the gas relief pipe is connected to a cleaning tank.

[0020] Furthermore, the corresponding connections of the reactor shell, the feeding device, the furnace plate, the slag discharge device and the gate valve are all ring-matched to achieve modular assembly in any direction in the horizontal direction.

[0021] Furthermore, the three-dimensional space required for the lower shell of the reactor body, the feeding device, the furnace plate, the slag discharge device and the gate valve to be pre-assembled and integrated into one body is less than or equal to the loading space of the loading vehicle, so that the loaded vehicle meets the requirements of road transportation.

[0022] Another aspect of the utility model provides a polygeneration system, comprising the above-mentioned fully modular assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactor.

[0023] Furthermore, it includes a combustion chamber and a plurality of said fully modularly assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactors, wherein one or two of said fully modularly assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactors are standby, and the rest of said fully modularly assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactors are operated normally at the same time, thereby achieving complete redundancy and ensuring that the load required by the customer is not affected when the unit is not shut down, which is similar to the matching relationship between the coal mill in a thermal power plant and the boiler in a power plant. Redundancy and standby are achieved, and different fuels are used, and whether charcoal is produced or not is adjusted, which are the inevitable requirements of the commercialization of biomass energy.

[0024] Based on the above technical solution, the technical effects that can be achieved by the utility model are:

[0025] The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model has an overall modular design and can be pre-installed in a workshop to improve quality control. The reactor shell is made detachable for easy loading and transportation. A cooling and stirring pipe fixedly connected to the reactor shell is arranged above the material-pickup surface of the furnace plate. The cooling and stirring pipe is fixed to the reactor shell. When the furnace plate rotates, the cooling and stirring pipe can stir the fuel on the furnace plate to prevent the fuel from being hardened. At the same time, cooling circulating water passes through the cooling and stirring pipe to prevent the temperature of the cooling and stirring pipe itself from being too high. A gate valve is arranged between the slag discharge device and the furnace plate to better and more accurately control the reaction process and the material level height. The vertical pyrolysis reactor in the prior art has the problems of inconvenience in transportation, the need for on-site installation, a long installation period, and poor installation quality. The problem of being difficult to control is solved. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model can be manufactured in a modular manner, and the electrical and monitoring systems are pre-installed in the workshop of the equipment supplier, and comprehensive cold and hot commissioning is carried out, and then the modularized equipment is transported to the site, which shortens the on-site installation time by 90% while ensuring the installation quality. The modular design greatly improves the commercialization level. The furnace plate with integrated functions of feeding, air intake, furnace plate rotation and slag discharge realizes the precise control of the pyrolysis reaction, and can fully monitor and remove coke, solving the technical problems of the vertical pyrolysis reactor in the prior art, such as inconvenient transportation, long installation period, and difficult to control installation quality; the local temperature of the material inside the furnace is too high, and the fuel is hardened, which is difficult to accurately control;

[0026] The utility model is a fully modular assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactor, wherein the plug valve comprises a flange ring, a plurality of valve plates and a plurality of filling angle plates. The flange ring is connected to the bottom of the lower shell body, the valve plate is arranged horizontally, and moves along the radial direction of the flange ring to block the material shifting surface of the furnace plate and the passage of the slag discharge hopper of the slag discharge device. The filling angle plate is fixed to the inner ring of the flange ring, and the filling angle plate is filled in the joint of the two valve plates. The existence of the filling angle plate enables the plurality of valve plates to move along the radial direction to change the communication relationship between the furnace plate and the slag discharge device, and the filling angle plate filled in the joint of the two valve plates just blocks the gap to achieve perfect closure.

[0027] The fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model has a frame arranged at the work site to erect the reactor shell, and the platform of the frame can be integrated with the lower shell, the feeding device, the furnace plate, the slag discharge device and the gate valve to realize modular assembly, and is sent to the installation site in one piece with the control system, electrical equipment, etc., to solve the technical problems that the on-site installation takes a long time and the quality is difficult to control;

[0028] The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model has circular rings at the corresponding connections of the reactor shell, the feeding device, the furnace plate, the slag discharge device and the gate valve, so as to realize modular assembly in any direction in the horizontal direction. The direction of the main modular split equipment of the pyrolysis reactor can be any combination of feeding, air intake, slag discharge, gas discharge and the like like building blocks, so as to meet various usage requirements of customers without changing the overall design of the pyrolysis reactor itself.

[0029] The polygeneration system of the utility model has a plurality of pyrolysis reactors connected in multiple connections, which greatly improves the processing capacity. When processing the same amount of biomass, the pyrolysis reaction conditions of each pyrolysis reactor can be controlled with high precision. Different biomass feeds can be selected in different pyrolysis reactors at the same time. For example, the feeds can be divided into rice husks, bamboo chips, sludge, plastics or sawdust, etc., and each pyrolysis reactor can be precisely controlled, such as precisely controlling the pyrolysis reaction conditions; different pyrolysis reactors can be put into different biomass types, and different types of solid charcoal can be obtained while providing fuel to the rear combustion chamber, thereby improving the quality of the solid charcoal. Specifically, Some can produce charcoal, such as bamboo charcoal, wood charcoal, rice husk charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, and walnut shell charcoal. This part of solid charcoal has a high sales value. The pyrolysis reaction of some types of biomass cannot produce charcoal, such as domestic waste RDF, sludge, and organic solid waste. Multiple pyrolysis reaction units are multi-connected to achieve redundant design. When some pyrolysis reactors are shut down for repair or maintenance, the entire biomass pyrolysis reaction system can continue to work and ensure that the load is not reduced, thereby not affecting customer use. The above-mentioned: achieving redundant standby, using different fuels at the same time, and adjusting whether charcoal is produced or not are inevitable requirements for the commercialization of biomass energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A diagram showing the decomposition process of a fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of a fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 An exploded view of a fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a water circuit diagram of the cooling water circulation of the cooling stirring pipe of the fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gate valve of the bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactor of the utility model which is fully modularly assembled;

[0036] Figure 7 A top view of a gate valve of a fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model being transported to the installation site after modular installation and commissioning;

[0038] Fig. 9 A modular schematic diagram of a fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the fully modularly assembled bottom-feed type pyrolysis reactor of the utility model in a first state after the direction is adjusted;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a top view of the fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model in a first state after the direction is adjusted;

[0041] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the fully modularly assembled bottom-feed type pyrolysis reactor of the utility model in a second state after the direction is adjusted;

[0042] Fig.13 It is a top view of the fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model in a second state after the direction is adjusted;

[0043] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model in the third state after the direction is adjusted;

[0044] Fig.15 It is a top view of the fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model in a third state after the direction is adjusted;

[0045] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model in a fourth state after the direction is adjusted;

[0046] Fig.17 It is a top view of the fully modularly assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the present invention in the fourth state after the direction is adjusted.

[0047] In the utility model: 1-reactor shell, 11-upper shell, 12-lower shell, 121-circulating water channel, 122-arch crack; 2-feeding device, 21-feeding pipe; 3-furnace plate, 31-displacing surface, 32-cooling stirring pipe; 4-slag discharge device, 41-slag discharge hopper; 5-gate valve, 51-flange ring, 52-valve plate, 53-filling angle plate; 6-frame, 61-support foot; 7-stop valve, 71-valve core, 72-valve stem; 8-venting pipeline, 81-cleaning tank; 9-observation port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the utility model provides a fully modularly assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactor, including a reactor shell 1, a feeding device 2, a furnace plate 3, a slag discharge device 4 and a gate valve 5. The reactor shell 1 includes a detachable upper shell 11 and a lower shell 12. The lower shell 12 and the platform, bracket, monitoring equipment, furnace plate 3 and the like of the frame 6 are made into one piece for pre-installation. After the manufacturer's debugging, it can be directly sent to the site for rapid installation. The upper shell 11 is made of lightweight castable and integrated with the furnace plate 3. The lower shell 12 is made of high-density hard castable. The feeding device 2 is arranged at the lower shell 12. The furnace plate 3 is rotatably arranged inside the lower shell 12 and is sleeved on the feeding pipe 21 of the feeding device 2. A fixed connection with the reactor shell 1 is arranged above the material-pickup surface 31 of the furnace plate 3. The cooling and stirring pipe 32, the water inlet and outlet of the cooling and stirring pipe 32 are fixed on the reactor shell 1, the furnace plate 3 is also connected to the air intake system, and the air intake volume can be accurately controlled. At the same time, the feeding device 2 and the slag discharge device 4 are integrated together, which are the core components of the pyrolysis reactor of the present application to complete the core functions. The integration maximizes the level of assembly and quality control. The slag discharge device 4 is fixedly connected to the lower shell body 12 through the furnace plate 3, and is arranged at the bottom of the furnace plate 3, and is made into one body with the furnace plate 3. The gate valve 5 is arranged between the furnace plate 3 and the slag discharge device 4, so that the slag that has completed the reaction on the material diverting surface 31 of the furnace plate 3 enters the slag discharge hopper 41 of the slag discharge device 4 after passing through the gate valve 5. The gate valve 5 completes the closing control of the circular strip outlet surface through a plurality of valve plates 52 that can move horizontally.

[0049] The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor of the utility model has a detachable upper shell 11 and a lower shell

[0050] 12, a feeding device 2, a furnace plate 3 connected to the air inlet system, a slag discharge device 4 and a plug valve 5, the feeding device 2 is assembled on the lower shell 12, and is integrated with the furnace plate 3 to realize the lower feeding. The reason for the lower feeding is that the lower feeding can ensure that the material is evenly distributed on the surface of the furnace plate 3, which is a necessary condition for realizing the precise control of the pyrolysis reaction process. The furnace plate 3 can be rotatably arranged inside the lower shell 12, and is sleeved on the feeding pipe 21 of the feeding device 2. The furnace plate 3 is connected to the air inlet system, so that the furnace plate 3 has the air inlet function, and the furnace plate 3 A cooling stirring pipe 32 fixedly connected to the reactor shell 1 is arranged above the material-prying surface 31 of the plate 3, and the water inlet and outlet of the cooling stirring pipe 32 are fixed on the reactor shell 1. The slag discharge device 4 is fixedly connected to the lower shell 12, and the slag discharge device 4 is also integrated with the furnace plate 3. The furnace plate 3 integrates the feeding, air intake, slag discharge and transmission functions, and can realize the precise control of all process parameters of the pyrolysis reaction: feed amount, material level height, air intake, reaction rate, reaction temperature, reaction intensity, discharge speed, etc. In order to solve the problems of inconvenient transportation, on-site installation, long installation period and difficult to control installation quality of the vertical pyrolysis reactor in the prior art, the pyrolysis reactor of the present application is pre-installed in the factory including electrical and monitoring systems, and comprehensive cold and hot debugging is carried out, and then modularly transported to the site, which shortens the on-site installation time by 90% while ensuring the installation quality. The modular installation also ensures that the angle problems of feeding, air intake, charcoal discharge, and air discharge can be adjusted at any time. Under the standardization of each modular equipment, each installation angle can be adjusted like a combination of building blocks to suit the on-site needs of the customer, without changing the overall design of the pyrolysis reactor. In short, the modular design greatly improves the commercialization level, and the furnace plate with the integrated functions of feeding, air intake, furnace plate 3 disk rotation and slag discharge realizes the precise control of the pyrolysis reaction, and can fully monitor and remove coke, solving the technical problems of excessively high local temperature inside the material in the furnace and fuel hardening.

[0051] A circulating water channel 121 for circulating cooling water is formed in the shell wall of the lower shell 12 of the pyrolysis reactor of the present invention. The circulating water channel 121 is arranged on the outer periphery of the shell wall of the lower shell 12 close to the outside, which does not affect the reaction inside the pyrolysis reactor and can prevent the temperature of the lower shell 12 from being too high, thereby preventing the material from being hardened, adhered, and accumulated on the inner surface.

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet of the cooling stirring pipe 32 is arranged on the lower shell 12, and the water outlet of the cooling stirring pipe 32 is arranged on the upper shell 11. The cooling circulating water of the cooling stirring pipe 32 enters from the lower shell 12 and flows from bottom to top. The cooling circulating water passes through the top of the furnace plate 3 from the cooling stirring pipe 32, converges at the feed port above the furnace plate 3, continues to flow upward, and finally flows out from the water outlet of the upper shell 11.

[0053] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the top of the lower shell 12 and the connection between the upper shell 11 are gradually narrowed. In terms of process, this narrowing can facilitate the mixing of pyrolysis gases generated at different times and the secondary reaction. An arch crack 122 protruding into the reactor shell 1 is formed at the gradually narrowing diameter change. In the internal space of the reactor shell 1, the material is piled on the furnace plate 3. When the furnace plate 3 rotates, the material rotates with it. When the material is arched to the arch crack 122, it will be hit by the arch crack 122 to release the arch state, thereby completely avoiding the possibility of hardening of biomass materials that are prone to coking. This hardening can be monitored through operating parameters, motor current, etc. After monitoring, the operating state of the furnace plate can be adjusted, such as increasing the speed and operating time of the furnace plate, to break the hardening and ensure the smooth operation of the unit. Biomass materials, such as dried sludge, are prone to compaction. The pyrolysis reactor of the present application can monitor, predict and eliminate compaction to ensure the smooth operation of the unit. Compared with the existing technology, the downtime of the unit due to compaction and coking is reduced to zero, which is a key advancement in the industry. The above procedures can be executed by the control system, automatically judged and carried out.

[0054] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the gate valve 5 includes a flange ring 51, a plurality of valve plates 52 and a plurality of filling angle plates 53. The flange ring 51 is connected to the bottom of the lower shell 12 and is arranged horizontally. The valve plate 52 is arranged horizontally and moves along the radial direction of the flange ring 51 to block the material-pickup surface 31 of the furnace plate 3 and the round strip-shaped outlet surface of the slag discharge hopper 41 of the slag discharge device 4. The filling angle plate 53 is fixed to the inner ring of the flange ring 51, and the filling angle plate 53 is filled in the joint of the two valve plates 52. The existence of the filling angle plate 53 allows the plurality of valve plates 52 to move along the radial direction to change the communication relationship between the furnace plate 3 and the slag discharge device 4, and the filling angle plate 53 filled in the joint of the two valve plates 52 just blocks the gap to achieve perfect closure.

[0055] Specifically, the vertical projection of the filling angle plate 53 is an isosceles triangle, the bottom edge of the filling angle plate 53 is connected to the flange ring 51, and the two waistlines of the filling angle plate 53 extend toward the center of the flange ring 51 and close together. Accordingly, the end of the valve plate 52 is formed with a straight guide angle that matches the waistline shape of the filling angle plate 53.

[0056] In order to realize the radial movement of the valve plate 52, each valve plate 52 is driven by a separate motor or cylinder. When the motor is driven, a nut is fixed on the valve plate 52, and a screw is fixed on the output shaft of the motor, and the screw cooperates with the nut. The advantage of this driving method is that the driving device does not contact the material, is far away from the heat source, is not easy to be damaged, and has better stability.

[0057] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis reactor also includes a frame 6, which is arranged at the work site to erect the reactor shell 1, and the support legs 61 of the frame 6 are configured to be connected in sections. The height setting of the frame 6 platform itself is to facilitate the installation of the ash discharge device, but the support legs 61 that are too high are not conducive to transportation, so the support legs 61 are configured to be connected in sections for easy loading and transportation. The platform included in the frame 6 can be integrated with modular components such as the furnace plate 3, the lower shell 12, the gate valve 5, and the slag discharge device 4, and can be sent to the installation site in one piece with the control system, electrical equipment, etc.

[0058] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, a stop valve 7 is further arranged on the gas outlet pipe of the upper shell 11, and the stop valve 7 includes a valve core 71 and a valve stem 72. The sealing portion of the valve core 71 faces the outlet of the gas outlet pipe of the upper shell 11, and the valve stem 72 pushes the valve core 71 away from or close to the outlet of the gas outlet pipe of the upper shell 11. When the stop valve 7 is opened, the valve core 71 and the valve stem 72 are away from the outlet of the gas outlet pipe, which can reduce the influence of the heat source on the valve core 71 and the valve stem 72, and improve the stability of the stop valve 7.

[0059] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a gas relief pipe 8 is also arranged on the top of the reactor shell 1 to ensure the safety of the unit under emergency conditions. The gas relief pipe 8 is connected to a cleaning tank 81 to prevent secondary contamination.

[0060] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the corresponding connections of the reactor shell 1, the feeding device 2, the furnace plate 3, the slag discharge device 4 and the gate valve 5 are all ring-matched to achieve modular assembly in any direction in the horizontal direction. The direction of its main modular split equipment can be arbitrarily combined like building blocks to meet various customer needs without changing the overall design of the pyrolysis reactor itself.

[0061] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the lower shell 12 of the reactor shell 1, the feeding device 2, the furnace plate 3, the slag discharge device 4 and the gate valve 5 are pre-installed and integrated into one body, and the three-dimensional space required to be occupied is less than or equal to the loading space of the loading vehicle, so that the loaded vehicle meets the requirements of road transportation. Its main modular split equipment, such as: the lower shell 12, the furnace plate 3, the platform and bracket of the frame 6, the gate valve 5, the slag discharge device 4, etc. and the control system connection, the electrical connection, etc. are installed and debugged, and its design size just meets all the requirements of road transportation. It is delivered to the site in the form of a large module, which is convenient for installation, shortens the installation time by 90% and ensures the installation quality.

[0062] Furthermore, a plurality of observation ports 9 may be arranged on the top of the reactor shell 1, and sensors may be arranged at the observation ports 9 to facilitate real-time control of the situation in the reactor.

[0063] Another aspect of the utility model provides a polygeneration system, including the above-mentioned fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor. Further, it includes a combustion chamber and a plurality of the fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactors, one or two of which are standby, and the rest of the fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactors are operating normally at the same time, thereby achieving full redundancy and ensuring that the load required by the customer is not affected when the unit is not shut down, which is similar to the matching relationship between the coal mill and the boiler of a thermal power plant.

[0064] In the polygeneration system of the utility model, multiple pyrolysis reactors are multi-connected, which greatly improves the processing capacity. When processing the same amount of biomass, the pyrolysis reaction conditions of each pyrolysis reactor are controlled with high precision, and different biomass feeds can be selected in different pyrolysis reactors at the same time. For example, the feeds can be divided into rice husks, bamboo chips, sludge, plastics or sawdust, etc., and each pyrolysis reactor can achieve precise control, such as precise control of pyrolysis reaction conditions; biomass can be put into different pyrolysis reactors according to the type of biomass, and different types of solid charcoal can be obtained while providing fuel to the rear-end combustion chamber, thereby improving the quality of the solid charcoal. Specifically, some can produce charcoal, such as bamboo charcoal, charcoal, rice husk charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, and walnut shell charcoal. This part of solid charcoal has a high external sales value, and the pyrolysis reaction of some biomass types cannot produce charcoal, such as domestic garbage RDF, sludge, and organic solid waste; multiple pyrolysis reaction units are multi-connected to achieve redundant design, and when some pyrolysis reactors are shut down due to repair or maintenance, the entire biomass pyrolysis reaction system can still continue to work and ensure that the load is not reduced, thereby not affecting the use of customers. The above mentioned requirements: achieving redundant backup, using different fuels at the same time, adjusting whether charcoal is produced or not, etc. are inevitable requirements for the commercialization of biomass energy.

[0065] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. Obvious changes or modifications derived from the spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully modular bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor, characterized in that: include: A reactor shell (1), wherein the reactor shell (1) comprises a detachable upper shell (11) and a lower shell (12); A feeding device (2), the feeding device (2) being arranged at the lower shell (12), and the feeding device (2) being integrated with the air inlet system and the gate valve (5) into the furnace plate (3); A furnace plate (3), the furnace plate (3) being rotatably arranged inside the lower shell (12) and sleeved on the feed pipe (21) of the feed device (2), a cooling stirring pipe (32) fixedly connected to the reactor shell (1) being arranged above the material shifting surface (31) of the furnace plate (3), a water inlet and a water outlet of the cooling stirring pipe (32) being fixed on the reactor shell (1), and the furnace plate (3) being connected to an air inlet system; A slag discharge device (4), the slag discharge device (4) being fixedly connected to the lower shell (12), the slag discharge device (4) being arranged at the bottom of the furnace plate (3) and being integrally integrated with the feeding device (2) and the furnace plate (3); A gate valve (5) is arranged between the furnace plate (3) and the slag discharge device (4), so that the slag that has been reacted on the material shifting surface (31) of the furnace plate (3) passes through the gate valve (5) and enters the slag discharge hopper (41) of the slag discharge device (4).

2. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulating water channel (121) for circulating cooling water is formed in the shell wall of the lower shell (12).

3. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the cooling stirring pipe (32) is arranged on the lower shell (12), and the water outlet of the cooling stirring pipe (32) is arranged on the upper shell (11).

4. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the top of the lower shell (12) and the upper shell (11) is gradually narrowed, and an arched crack portion (122) protruding into the reactor shell (1) is formed at the gradually narrowing diameter change portion.

5. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gate valve (5) comprises: A flange ring (51), the flange ring (51) is connected to the bottom of the lower shell (12) and is arranged horizontally; A plurality of valve plates (52), the valve plates (52) being arranged horizontally and moving along the radial direction of the flange ring (51) to block the material-discharging surface (31) of the furnace plate (3) and the round strip-shaped outlet surface of the slag discharge hopper (41) of the slag discharge device (4); A plurality of filling angle plates (53) are provided, wherein the filling angle plates (53) are fixed to the inner ring of the flange ring (51), and the filling angle plates (53) are filled in the joint between the two valve plates (52).

6. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vertical projection of the filling angle plate (53) is an isosceles triangle, the bottom edge of the filling angle plate (53) is connected to the flange ring (51), and the two waistlines of the filling angle plate (53) extend toward the center of the flange ring (51) and close together. Correspondingly, the end of the valve plate (52) is formed with a straight guide angle that matches the waistline shape of the filling angle plate (53).

7. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each valve plate (52) is driven by a separate motor or cylinder; when the valve plate (52) is driven by a motor, a nut is fixed on the valve plate (52), a screw rod is fixed on the output shaft of the motor, and the screw rod cooperates with the nut.

8. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a frame (6), which is arranged at the work site to erect the reactor shell (1), and the supporting legs (61) of the frame (6) are configured to be connected in sections, and the frame (6) can be integrated with the lower shell (12), the feeding device (2), the furnace plate (3), the slag discharge device (4) and the gate valve (5) to achieve modular assembly.

9. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet pipe of the upper shell (11) is also provided with a stop valve (7), and the stop valve (7) comprises: A valve core (71), wherein a sealing portion of the valve core (71) faces the outlet of the air outlet pipe of the upper shell (11); A valve stem (72), wherein the valve stem (72) pushes the valve core (71) away from or close to the outlet of the air outlet pipe of the upper shell (11).

10. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the reactor shell (1) is also provided with a gas relief pipe (8), and the gas relief pipe (8) is connected to a cleaning tank (81).

11. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corresponding connections of the reactor shell (1), the feeding device (2), the furnace plate (3), the slag discharge device (4) and the gate valve (5) are all ring-matched, so as to realize modular assembly in any direction in the horizontal direction.

12. The fully modular assembled bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the lower shell (12) of the reactor shell (1), the feeding device (2), the furnace plate (3), the slag discharge device (4) and the gate valve (5) are pre-assembled and integrated into one body, the three-dimensional space required to be occupied is less than or equal to the loading space of the loading vehicle, so that the loaded vehicle meets the requirements of road transportation.

13. A polygeneration system, characterized in that: A bottom-feed pyrolysis reactor comprising a fully modular assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The polygeneration system according to claim 13, characterized in that: It comprises a combustion chamber and a plurality of said fully modularly assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactors, wherein one or two of said fully modularly assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactors are kept as standby, and the rest of said fully modularly assembled bottom-feeding pyrolysis reactors are operated normally at the same time.

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