Plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of branch carbonization treatment, and particularly relates to plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment. According to the specific technical scheme, the device comprises a treatment box body and a horizontal partition plate, the horizontal partition plate divides the treatment box body into an upper drying box and a lower carbonization box, the lower carbonization box comprises a carbonization chamber and a carbonization air return chamber, the carbonization chamber and the carbonization air return chamber are separated by a second vertical partition plate, a carbonization air inlet is formed in the upper portion of the second vertical partition plate, and a carbonization air outlet is formed in the lower portion of the second vertical partition plate. A carbonization return air inlet is formed in the lower part of the carbonization return air chamber, and an electric heater, a steam spray pipe and a lower circulating fan are arranged in the carbonization return air chamber; a condensation heat exchange system is arranged in the upper drying box and used for conducting heat exchange on part of superheated steam heated by the electric heater and low-temperature drying return air in the upper drying box, and high-temperature hot air obtained after heat exchange is used for drying again. The carbide material is heated by high-temperature superheated steam, so that the material is effectively isolated from oxygen, and the carbonization efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of branch carbonization treatment, and in particular relates to a plant semi-carbonization treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Semi-carbonization of garden branches is also called semi-carbonization of biomass. This treatment method pyrolyzes branches in an oxygen-deficient or low-oxygen environment, so that the organic matter in the branches is partially carbonized to generate semi-carbonized biochar. The treatment method of semi-carbonization of garden branches can effectively reduce the volume of garden waste, reduce the moisture content of organic matter, reduce the volatilization and decay rate of organic matter, thereby prolonging its stability and durability in the soil. This treatment method helps to reduce the pollution of garden waste to the environment, and can also effectively utilize garden waste resources to achieve resource utilization, harmlessness and reduction. This biochar can be used as a soil conditioner, carbon fixation material, fuel, etc., and has certain economic value and environmental protection significance.

[0003] The semi-carbonization of garden branches is a feasible treatment method, which can effectively solve the problem of treatment and utilization of garden waste. At present, carbonization furnaces are mainly used for carbonization, and carbonization furnaces mainly include tunnel carbonization furnaces, vertical carbonization furnaces, rotary carbonization furnaces and intermittent carbonization furnaces. Tunnel carbonization furnaces are usually used for large-scale production and are suitable for carbonization of a large number of raw materials such as wood and fruit shells. Because they are tunnel-type, the equipment occupies a large area; vertical carbonization furnaces, rotary carbonization furnaces and intermittent carbonization furnaces are suitable for small-scale production, but they cannot be produced continuously and have high energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a plant semi-carbonization treatment device.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is: a kind of plant semi-carbonization processing equipment, including a processing box body and a horizontal partition, the horizontal partition divides the processing box body into a drying upper box and a carbonization lower box, the carbonization lower box includes a carbonization chamber and a carbonization return air chamber, the carbonization chamber and the carbonization return air chamber are separated by a second vertical partition, the upper part of the second vertical partition is provided with a carbonization air inlet, and the lower part is provided with a carbonization return air inlet, the carbonization return air chamber is provided with an electric heater, a steam nozzle, and a lower circulation fan; a condensation heat exchange system is provided in the drying upper box, the condensation heat exchange system is used to heat exchange part of the superheated steam heated by the electric heater with the low-temperature drying return air in the drying upper box, and the high-temperature hot air after heat exchange is used for drying again; a conveyor mesh belt is provided in the drying upper box and the carbonization lower box, and a feeding port is provided on the horizontal partition, so that the material is transported in an S shape from top to bottom in the processing box body.

[0006] Preferably, the drying upper box includes a drying chamber and a drying return air chamber, and the drying chamber and the drying return air chamber are separated by a first vertical partition, a drying air inlet is provided at the upper part of the first vertical partition, and a drying return air outlet is provided at the lower part thereof, and the condensation heat exchange system includes a condensation heat exchanger and an upper circulation fan, and the condensation heat exchanger exchanges heat between the high-temperature superheated steam in the carbonization lower box and the low-temperature drying return air in the drying upper box, and the low-temperature drying return air enters the drying chamber after being heated by the condensation heat exchanger; the drying return air chamber is provided with a dehumidification port and a hot air port, and the hot air port introduces fresh high-temperature hot air.

[0007] Preferably, the condensing heat exchanger divides the drying return air chamber into two parts, the upper part and the lower part of the drying return air chamber. The upper circulation fan is located in the lower part of the drying return air chamber. The inlet hot end of the condensing heat exchanger is provided with a connecting pipe, and the end of the connecting pipe away from the condensing heat exchanger passes through the horizontal partition and extends into the carbonization lower box; the outlet cold end of the condensing heat exchanger is provided with a condensate discharge pipe, and the end of the condensate discharge pipe away from the condensing heat exchanger extends out of the drying return air chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the dehumidification port is arranged at the top of the drying return air chamber, and the dehumidification port is connected with the lower part of the drying return air chamber through a dehumidification pipe.

[0009] Preferably, an electric heater, a steam nozzle and a lower circulation fan are arranged from top to bottom in the carbonization return air chamber, and a dust filter is arranged in the carbonization return air chamber and between the steam nozzle and the lower circulation fan.

[0010] Preferably, an air distribution plate is provided in the drying chamber and above the first layer of conveyor belt.

[0011] Preferably, two layers of conveyor mesh belts are arranged in the drying chamber, and one layer of conveyor mesh belt is arranged in the carbonization chamber.

[0012] Preferably, a feed hopper is provided on the top of the drying chamber, and a spiral material distributor is provided in the feed hopper.

[0013] Preferably, a spiral discharger is provided at the discharge end of the conveyor belt in the carbonization chamber.

[0014] Preferably, a layer shifting hopper is provided at the transfer point between adjacent conveyor mesh belts, and a rotary feeder is provided at the feeding end of the conveyor mesh belt in the carbonization chamber.

[0015] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] A horizontal partition is arranged in the processing box body, and the horizontal partition divides the processing box body into a drying upper box and a carbonization lower box. The carbonization lower box includes a carbonization chamber and a carbonization return air chamber. The carbonization chamber and the carbonization return air chamber are separated by a second vertical partition. The upper part of the second vertical partition is provided with a carbonization air inlet, and the lower part is provided with a carbonization return air inlet. The carbonization return air chamber is provided with an electric heater, a steam nozzle, and a lower circulation fan. A condensation heat exchange system is arranged in the drying upper box, and the condensation heat exchange system is used to heat exchange part of the superheated steam heated by the electric heater with the low-temperature drying return air after drying in the drying upper box. The high-temperature hot air after heat exchange is used for drying again. The low-temperature drying return air enters the drying chamber after being heated by the condensation heat exchange system, and the low-temperature condensate from the condensation heat exchange system is discharged outside the machine. Drying first and then carbonizing can save the carbonization temperature and carbonization time in the carbonization process, and save energy consumption. The carbonized material is heated by high-temperature superheated steam, which effectively isolates the material from oxygen and achieves high carbonization efficiency. At the same time, the high-temperature superheated steam contains organic matter evaporated from the carbonization of the material. The high-temperature superheated steam in the carbonization chamber is used to exchange heat with the low-temperature drying return air. The steam and organic matter after heat exchange become condensate and are discharged outside the machine, which not only saves energy but also discharges the evaporated organic matter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is the front view of the semi-carbonization treatment equipment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a side view of the semi-carbonization treatment equipment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the semi-carbonization treatment equipment of the utility model.

[0020] In the figure: processing box 1, drying upper box 2, carbonization lower box 3, horizontal partition 4, material 5, spiral material distributor 6, feed hopper 7, condensation heat exchanger 8, hot air outlet 9, upper circulation fan 10, air distribution plate 11, layer shifting hopper 12, conveyor mesh belt 13, spiral discharger 14, electric heater 15, lower circulation fan 16, dust filter 17, rotary feeder 18, conveying sprocket 19, drying chamber 20, drying return air chamber 21, carbonization chamber 22, carbonization return air chamber 23, second vertical partition 24, first vertical partition 25, steam nozzle 26, condensate discharge pipe 27, dehumidification pipe 28, connecting pipe 29. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the utility model discloses a plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment, including a treatment box 1, a horizontal partition 4, the horizontal partition 4 divides the treatment box 1 into a drying upper box 2 and a carbonization lower box 3, further, the carbonization lower box 3 includes a carbonization chamber 22 and a carbonization return air chamber 23, the carbonization chamber 22 and the carbonization return air chamber 23 are separated by a second vertical partition 24, the upper part of the second vertical partition 24 is provided with a carbonization air inlet, the lower part of the second vertical partition 24 is provided with a carbonization return air port, the carbonization return air chamber 23 is provided with an electric heater 15, a steam nozzle 26, and a lower circulation fan 16 from top to bottom; the electric heater 15 divides the carbonization return air chamber 23 into two parts, the upper part and the lower part of the carbonization return air chamber 23. The steam nozzle 26 is used to inject steam. The upper drying box 2 is provided with a condensation heat exchange system, which is used to exchange heat between part of the superheated steam heated by the electric heater 15 and the low-temperature drying return air in the upper drying box 2, and the high-temperature hot air after heat exchange is used for drying again. The upper drying box 2 and the lower carbonization box 3 are provided with a conveyor mesh belt 13, and the horizontal partition 4 is provided with a feeding port corresponding to the conveyor mesh belt 13, through which the material 5 falls from the conveyor mesh belt 13 of the upper drying box 2 to the conveyor mesh belt of the lower carbonization box 3, so that the material 5 is transported from top to bottom in the processing box 1 in an S shape.

[0024] The high-temperature superheated steam in the carbonization chamber 22 carbonizes the material 5 from top to bottom, and then enters the carbonization return air chamber 23 through the carbonization return air port. The low-temperature carbonization return air and steam enter the electric heater 15 for heating. A part of the heated high-temperature superheated steam enters the condensing heat exchanger 8 to exchange heat with the low-temperature drying return air, and the other part enters the carbonization chamber 22 through the carbonization air inlet. This cycle completes the carbonization process. The high-temperature superheated steam contains organic matter evaporated by the carbonization of the material 5. The high-temperature superheated steam in the carbonization chamber 22 is used to exchange heat with the low-temperature drying return air. The steam and organic matter after heat exchange become condensate and are discharged outside the machine, which can not only save energy consumption, but also discharge the evaporated organic matter. The garden branches move from top to bottom on the conveyor belt, pass through the drying chamber and the carbonization chamber successively, and then are discharged from the carbonization chamber. It has the characteristics of continuous production, less labor, and high efficiency, and is suitable for small-scale garden branch carbonization treatment.

[0025] Furthermore, the drying upper box 2 includes a drying chamber 20 and a drying return air chamber 21, which are separated by a first vertical partition 25, a drying air inlet is provided at the upper part of the first vertical partition 25, and a drying return air outlet is provided at the lower part of the first vertical partition 25. The condensation heat exchange system is provided in the drying return air chamber 21, and the condensation heat exchange system includes a condensation heat exchanger 8 and an upper circulation fan 10. The condensation heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat between the high-temperature superheated steam in the carbonization lower box 3 and the low-temperature drying return air in the drying upper box 2. The low-temperature drying return air enters the drying chamber 20 after being heated by the condensation heat exchanger 8, and the low-temperature condensate from the condensation heat exchanger 8 is discharged outside the machine; a dehumidification port is provided on the drying return air chamber 21. A hot air outlet 9 is provided at the top of the drying return air chamber 21 for introducing fresh high-temperature hot air. The fresh high-temperature hot air introduced through the hot air outlet 9 is mixed with the high-temperature hot air heated by the condensing heat exchanger 8 and then sent into the drying chamber 20 through the drying air inlet.

[0026] The high-temperature hot air in the drying chamber 20 dries the material 5 from top to bottom, and then enters the drying return air chamber 21 through the drying return air port. A part of the low-temperature drying return air is discharged from the dehumidification port, and the other part is sent to the condensing heat exchanger 8 through the upper circulation fan 10 to exchange heat with the high-temperature superheated steam in the carbonization lower box 3. The high-temperature hot air then enters the drying chamber 20 through the drying air inlet. This cycle completes the drying process and dries the moisture content of the material 5 in the drying chamber 20 to below 5%.

[0027] Furthermore, the condensing heat exchanger 8 divides the drying return air chamber 21 into two independent parts, the upper part and the lower part of the drying return air chamber 21. The condensing heat exchanger 8 is located between the drying air inlet and the drying return air outlet, and the upper circulation fan 10 is located at the lower part of the drying return air chamber 21. The inlet hot end of the condensing heat exchanger 8 is provided with a connecting pipe 29, and the end of the connecting pipe 29 away from the condensing heat exchanger 8 passes through the horizontal partition 4 and extends into the carbonization lower box 3; the outlet cold end of the condensing heat exchanger 8 is provided with a condensate discharge pipe 27, and the end of the condensate discharge pipe 27 away from the condensing heat exchanger 8 extends out of the processing box 1.

[0028] Furthermore, the dehumidification port is arranged at the top of the drying return air chamber 21, and the dehumidification port is connected to the lower part of the drying return air chamber 21 through the dehumidification pipe 28. The low-temperature drying return air from the drying chamber 20 enters the lower part of the drying return air chamber 21, and a part enters the dehumidification pipe 28 and is discharged outside the processing box 1.

[0029] Furthermore, in order to allow the high-temperature hot air entering the drying chamber 20 to evenly dry the material 5 on the first layer of conveyor mesh belt 13, an air distribution plate 11 is provided in the drying chamber 20 and above the first layer of conveyor mesh belt. By providing the air distribution plate 11, the high-temperature hot air from the drying air inlet is evenly delivered to the top of the drying chamber 20.

[0030] Furthermore, two layers of conveyor mesh belts 13 are provided in the drying chamber 20, and one layer of conveyor mesh belt 13 is provided in the carbonization chamber 22. The three layers of conveyor mesh belts 13 are transported in an S-shaped manner from top to bottom in the processing box 1, and the material 5 enters from the top of the processing box 1 and is finally discharged from the bottom of the processing box 1.

[0031] Furthermore, a dust filter 17 is provided in the carbonization return air chamber 23 and between the steam spray pipe 26 and the lower circulation fan 16 .

[0032] Furthermore, a feed hopper 7 is provided on the top of the drying chamber 20 , and a spiral material distributor 6 is provided inside the feed hopper 7 .

[0033] Furthermore, a shifting hopper 12 is provided at the transfer point between adjacent conveyor mesh belts 13 , and a rotary feeder 18 is provided at the feeding end of the conveyor mesh belt 13 in the carbonization chamber 22 .

[0034] Furthermore, a spiral discharger 14 is provided at the discharge end of the conveyor mesh belt 13 in the carbonization chamber 22 .

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the working principle of a plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment is as follows:

[0036] Fresh garden branches enter from the feed hopper 7, are evenly laid on the first layer of conveyor mesh belt 13 through the spiral material distributor 6, and then are sequentially moved to the second layer of conveyor mesh belt 13. The fresh garden branches are dried in the drying upper box 2, and the upper circulation fan 10 sends hot air into the drying chamber 20 through the drying air inlet. The low-temperature drying return air from the drying chamber 20 enters the drying return air chamber 21 through the drying return air inlet. A small part of the low-temperature drying return air is discharged through the dehumidification port, and the other part of the low-temperature drying return air is mixed with the fresh high-temperature hot air of 120-130°C after heat exchange through the condensing heat exchanger 8, and is sent to the first and second layers of conveyor mesh belts 13 through the drying air inlet again. In this cycle, the moisture content of the fresh garden branches is dried to less than 5% in the drying chamber 20;

[0037] The dried garden branches pass through the shifting hopper 12 and the rotary feeder 18 into the carbonization lower box 3 and are evenly laid on the third layer of the conveyor belt 13. In the carbonization chamber 22, superheated steam at about 350°C is used as the main method to circulate and heat the dried garden branches, so as to evaporate the organic matter in the garden branches and leave semi-carbonized garden branches. The steam and organic mixture 5 generated in the carbonization chamber 22 enters the carbonization return air chamber 23 through the carbonization return air port, and then passes through the lower circulation fan 1 6 is sent to the electric heater 15 for heating. A part of the heated steam and organic matter mixture 5 enters the carbonization chamber 22 through the carbonization air inlet for carbonization, and the other part enters the condensation heat exchanger 8 through the connecting pipe 29. After heat exchange with the low-temperature drying return air from the drying chamber 20 in the condensation heat exchanger 8, it is discharged to the outside of the machine, and is secondary condensed to below 50°C through the hot water heat exchanger outside the machine, and then discharged into the atmosphere after exhaust gas treatment; the semi-carbonized garden branches are transported to the outside of the machine through the spiral discharger 14. It should be noted that the condensed organic matter is collected and processed separately.

[0038] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred methods of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations, modifications, and substitutions made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant semi-carbonization treatment device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a processing box (1) and a horizontal partition (4), wherein the horizontal partition (4) divides the processing box (1) into a drying upper box (2) and a carbonization lower box (3), wherein the carbonization lower box (3) comprises a carbonization chamber (22) and a carbonization return air chamber (23), wherein the carbonization chamber (22) and the carbonization return air chamber (23) are separated by a second vertical partition (24), wherein the upper part of the second vertical partition (24) is provided with a carbonization air inlet, and the lower part thereof is provided with a carbonization return air outlet, and an electric heater (106) is provided in the carbonization return air chamber (23). 5), a steam nozzle (26), and a lower circulation fan (16); a condensation heat exchange system is arranged in the upper drying box (2), and the condensation heat exchange system is used to exchange heat between part of the superheated steam heated by the electric heater (15) and the low-temperature drying return air in the upper drying box (2), and the high-temperature hot air after heat exchange is used for drying again; a conveyor mesh belt (13) is arranged in the upper drying box (2) and the lower carbonization box (3), and a material feeding port is arranged on the horizontal partition (4), so that the material is transported in an S-shape from top to bottom in the processing box (1).

2. A plant semi-carbonization treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying upper box (2) comprises a drying chamber (20) and a drying return air chamber (21), wherein the drying chamber (20) and the drying return air chamber (21) are separated by a first vertical partition (25), wherein a drying air inlet is arranged at the upper part of the first vertical partition (25), and a drying return air outlet is arranged at the lower part of the first vertical partition (25), wherein the condensation heat exchange system comprises a condensation heat exchanger (8) and an upper circulation fan (10), wherein the condensation heat exchanger (8) performs heat exchange between the high-temperature superheated steam in the carbonization lower box (3) and the low-temperature drying return air in the drying upper box (2), and the low-temperature drying return air enters the drying chamber (20) after being heated by the condensation heat exchanger (8); and the drying return air chamber (21) is provided with a dehumidification port and a hot air port (9), and the hot air port (9) introduces fresh high-temperature hot air.

3. A plant semi-carbonization treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The condensing heat exchanger (8) divides the drying return air chamber (21) into two parts, an upper part and a lower part of the drying return air chamber (21); the upper circulation fan (10) is located in the lower part of the drying return air chamber (21); a connecting pipe (29) is provided at the inlet hot end of the condensing heat exchanger (8); the end of the connecting pipe (29) away from the condensing heat exchanger (8) passes through the horizontal partition (4) and extends into the carbonization lower box (3); and a condensate discharge pipe (27) is provided at the outlet cold end of the condensing heat exchanger (8); the end of the condensate discharge pipe (27) away from the condensing heat exchanger (8) extends out of the drying return air chamber (21).

4. The plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dehumidification port is arranged at the top of the drying return air chamber (21), and the dehumidification port is connected to the lower part of the drying return air chamber (21) through a dehumidification pipe (28).

5. The plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: An electric heater (15), a steam spray pipe (26), and a lower circulation fan (16) are arranged from top to bottom in the carbonization return air chamber (23), and a dust filter (17) is arranged in the carbonization return air chamber (23) and between the steam spray pipe (26) and the lower circulation fan (16).

6. The plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air distribution plate (11) is arranged in the drying chamber (20) above the first layer of conveyor mesh belt (13).

7. The plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two layers of conveyor mesh belts (13) are arranged in the drying chamber (20), and one layer of conveyor mesh belt (13) is arranged in the carbonization chamber (22).

8. The plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A feed hopper (7) is arranged on the top of the drying chamber (20), and a spiral material distributor (6) is arranged inside the feed hopper (7).

9. The plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A spiral discharger (14) is provided at the discharge end of the conveying mesh belt (13) in the carbonization chamber (22).

10. The plant semi-carbonization treatment equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: A shifting hopper (12) is provided at the transfer point between adjacent conveyor mesh belts (13), and a rotary feeder (18) is provided at the feeding end of the conveyor mesh belt (13) in the carbonization chamber (22).

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