Tapered laminated rubber composite belleville spring vibration double-control support

Abstract

The utility model discloses a conical laminated rubber composite belleville spring vibration double-control support which comprises a horizontal shock insulation support, a vertical shock insulation support and a conical laminated rubber composite belleville spring. The vertical vibration isolation support comprises a support upper cover plate and a support lower cover plate, a support lower cover plate; the vertical vibration isolation units are arranged on the support lower cover plate in a preset plane layout mode, each vertical vibration isolation unit is composed of a belleville spring and conical laminated rubber, the belleville springs and the conical laminated rubber are arranged in a series connection mode, and the conical laminated rubber is provided with a center through hole; the prestressed tendons are in one-to-one correspondence with the vertical vibration isolation units, the upper ends of the prestressed tendons are anchored and fixed on the support upper cover plate and penetrate through central through holes of the belleville springs and the conical laminated rubber, and the lower ends of the prestressed tendons are anchored and fixed on the support lower cover plate. According to the utility model, the requirement of simultaneously isolating horizontal earthquake and vertical vibration can be met, the vertical and horizontal deformation decoupling of the whole support can be realized, and the support can be particularly used for high-rise buildings in the areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of building structures, in particular to a building vibration isolation / vibration technology, in particular to a conical laminated rubber composite disc spring vibration and vibration double-control support. Background Art

[0002] In the process of modern urbanization, subway is an important symbol of modern city, and the development of subway has a far-reaching impact on urban construction. However, the vibration and noise pollution caused by the operation of subway rail transit in large cities is becoming more and more serious. The vibration and noise caused by subway operation will have a continuous adverse impact on the buildings above the rail transit line and nearby; especially the buildings above the TOD development will be affected by the noise and vibration generated by the subway operation, which may interrupt the construction of TOD projects in serious cases; in addition, the noise and vibration of subway operation will also pose a serious threat to the normal use of precision instruments in laboratory buildings along the subway line, important cultural relics buildings near the track, and high-quality song and dance theater buildings near the track. Therefore, the environmental vibration problem caused by train operation has become one of the key issues restricting the successful development of the buildings above the subway depot.

[0003] The successful development of subway superstructure projects requires certain vibration mitigation measures to ensure that the vibration environment of the superstructure buildings meets the standards. In addition to the impact of subway vibration, the impact of horizontal earthquakes on subway superstructure buildings cannot be ignored. Subway superstructure development projects generally adopt a large chassis multi-tower structure system. The column grids of the superstructure and the lower podium are mostly difficult to align. The vertical components of the upper structure are difficult to land directly, and the vertical load needs to be transmitted to the lower podium through the transfer layer and then to the foundation. As a result, such projects often have problems such as structural conversion, complex shape, and difficult structural seismic design. Therefore, the building structure of the actual subway superstructure project faces both the vibration reduction demand for subway operation and the structural shock reduction demand when an earthquake occurs. This type of engineering structure that is controlled by both vertical vibration and horizontal earthquake can be collectively referred to as a "dual vibration control" structure.

[0004] Existing vibration control technology and structural seismic isolation technology have a history of development for many years. However, for the dual control of vertical vibration and earthquake action of building structures, there is no mature and widely applicable control device in current practical projects. The technical bottlenecks and constraints of this problem are mainly manifested in: (1) The existing vibration isolation components (such as thick rubber and steel coil spring) used for vertical vibration control in the existing vibration dual control bearings have limited vertical bearing capacity, resulting in the upper structure being limited to low-rise buildings when such vibration isolation bearings are used; when the upper structure is high, the vibration isolation components (thick rubber and steel coil spring) cannot bear excessive vertical pressure and lose stability (thick rubber bulges) or are damaged (steel coil spring breaks). (2) The vibration isolation frequency of the vibration isolation components (such as thick rubber) used for vertical vibration control in the existing vibration dual control bearings is close to the first-order vertical natural frequency of the lower structure beams and columns, and the ideal vibration isolation frequency ratio cannot be achieved, resulting in low vibration isolation efficiency for subway vibration waves. (3) The vertical energy dissipation capacity of the existing vibration-vibration dual-control bearing is limited. Due to the resonance effect, the vibration wave of the subway will show the unfavorable phenomenon of vibration response amplification at the vertical natural frequency point of the vibration-vibration dual-control bearing. (4) The seismic isolation components of the existing vibration-vibration dual-control bearing mainly remain at the stage of isolating only horizontal earthquakes and ignoring vertical earthquakes. However, the seismic motion data of earthquakes occurring at home and abroad in recent years show that in near-fault earthquake zones, the vertical component of seismic motion is very strong, and the peak acceleration even exceeds the horizontal component. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problem of vertical seismic isolation of buildings. (5) The existing vibration-vibration dual-control bearing will sway when used in buildings with a large height-to-width ratio during an earthquake, and the bearing may even be pulled to yield, resulting in the overall overturning and destruction of the structure. (6) The existing vibration-vibration dual-control bearing cannot take into account the control requirements of earthquakes and vertical vibrations. Because seismic motion and environmental vibrations from rail transit and ground transportation have different vibration characteristics, the former has a high amplitude, a wide spectrum, but a low frequency, while the latter has a low amplitude, a narrow spectrum, but a high frequency. Some existing vibration dual-control bearings can often only play a good control role in one aspect. Summary of the invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model proposes a conical laminated rubber composite disc spring vibration double-control bearing to solve the current deficiencies in vertical vibration isolation and horizontal earthquake action control.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides a conical laminated rubber composite disc spring vibration double-control bearing, comprising: a horizontal vibration isolation bearing, comprising a horizontal vibration isolation unit and a bearing bottom plate; a vertical vibration isolation bearing, comprising: a bearing upper cover plate, the bearing upper cover plate is used to be connected and fixed with an upper structure; a bearing lower cover plate, the bearing lower cover plate is horizontally arranged below the bearing upper cover plate with an adjustable vertical distance from the bearing upper cover plate, and is used to be connected and fixed with a lower structure or the horizontal vibration isolation unit; a plurality of groups of vertical vibration isolation units are provided. The vertical vibration isolation unit is arranged on the lower cover plate of the support in a predetermined plane layout, and the vertical vibration isolation unit is composed of a disc spring and a conical laminated rubber, the disc spring and the conical laminated rubber are arranged in series, and the conical laminated rubber has a central through hole; a plurality of prestressed tendons, the prestressed tendons correspond to the vertical vibration isolation unit one by one, the upper ends are anchored and fixed to the upper cover plate of the support, and pass through the central through holes of the disc spring and the conical laminated rubber, and the lower ends are anchored and fixed to the lower cover plate of the support. The utility model can meet the demand for simultaneous isolation of horizontal earthquakes and vertical vibrations, and combined with prestressed tendons and horizontal limit units, it can also achieve decoupling of vertical and horizontal deformations of the overall support, and can be particularly used in high-rise buildings.

[0008] Beneficial effects: The utility model proposes a conical laminated rubber composite disc spring vibration dual-control bearing, which is mainly used in the adjacent building structures along the urban underground rail transit line to solve the current deficiencies in the control of vertical vibration isolation and horizontal seismic action. Compared with the existing technology, it has at least the following advantages: (1) It effectively reduces the vertical stiffness of the vertical vibration isolation bearing. When the gravity load borne by the bearing remains unchanged, the lower stiffness has a smaller vertical vibration isolation frequency, thereby significantly improving the vertical vibration isolation efficiency for subway vibration. (2) It solves the problem of insufficient bearing capacity of low-stiffness and high-load vertical vibration isolation bearings, significantly improves the vertical bearing capacity of the vibration dual-control bearing, and ensures that the bearing can be used in multi-story and high-rise buildings. (3) The horizontal deformation and vertical deformation of the bearing are decoupled, so that the horizontal deformation and vertical deformation of the bearing do not affect each other, which solves the adverse effects of the coupling effect of horizontal and vertical deformation on the horizontal isolation effect and vertical vibration isolation effect when the horizontal isolation bearing and the low-stiffness and high-load vertical isolation bearing are used in combination, and ensures the extremely high efficiency of the vertical vibration isolation effect and horizontal isolation effect of the bearing. (4) The vertical natural frequency of the upper structure can be significantly reduced, ensuring that the vertical vibration period of the upper building structure is far away from the characteristic period of the site, and effectively reducing the vertical seismic effect of the upper structure when an earthquake occurs, so as to achieve the effect of vertical isolation. (5) The design parameters are highly flexible. The combination methods of the basic force units include matching, superposition, and composite combination methods based on this. The stiffness and strength design indicators of the overall bearing can be flexibly adjusted according to needs, which is easy to meet actual use needs. (6) The vertical damping of the vibration isolation bearing can be significantly improved to ensure the energy dissipation capacity of the vibration isolation bearing in the vertical vibration direction. At the same time, under the action of an earthquake, vertical damping can be added to the upper structure to reduce the vertical earthquake damage to the upper structure.

[0009] It should be understood that the implementation of any embodiment of the present utility model does not mean that multiple or all of the above-mentioned beneficial effects must be possessed or achieved at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the implementation or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0011] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0012] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure and components of the vibration dual-control support of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic elevation diagram of a vibration-vibration dual-control support according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall and component components of the horizontal seismic isolation support of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall and component components of the vertical vibration isolation support of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support upper cover plate and adjacent components of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a vertical vibration isolation support according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical vibration isolation unit of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 8 It is a plan view schematic diagram of the vertical vibration isolation unit of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of a conical rubber unit according to an embodiment of the utility model, wherein (a) shows the three-dimensional shape of the conical rubber unit, and (b) shows the vertical cross-section of the conical rubber unit;

[0021] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the horizontal limit unit of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of force analysis of the basic force unit of the conical laminated rubber composite disc spring of the embodiment of the utility model, wherein (a) shows the disc spring and the rubber before deformation, and (b) shows the disc spring and the rubber after deformation;

[0023] Fig.12Schematic diagram of deformation mode of the basic force-bearing unit of the conical laminated rubber composite disc spring of the embodiment of the utility model under vertical pressure, wherein (a) shows the basic force-bearing unit as a whole, and (b) shows the local shear deformation of the rubber;

[0024] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of deformation simulation of a basic force-bearing unit of a conical laminated rubber composite disc spring according to an embodiment of the utility model under vertical pressure;

[0025] Fig.14 The vertical vibration isolation units of the embodiment of the utility model are matched in the following ways: (a) a unit is subjected to force individually, (b) two pairs of units are subjected to force in combination, and (c) three pairs of units are subjected to force in combination;

[0026] Fig.15 The stacking method of the vertical vibration isolation unit of the embodiment of the utility model, wherein (a) is a single unit subjected to force, (b) is two pairs of units stacked and subjected to force, and (c) is three pairs of units stacked and subjected to force;

[0027] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the connection mode between the composite vibration dual-control support and the upper and lower structures of the embodiment of the utility model (arranged in series);

[0028] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the connection mode between the composite vibration dual-control support and the upper and lower structures of the embodiment of the utility model (arranged in parallel);

[0029] Fig.18 Schematic diagram of a traditional bearing, where (a) shows the bending of a traditional thick-laminated rubber bearing under compression, and (b) shows the shear instability of a traditional thick-laminated rubber bearing under compression.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 100-vertical isolation bearing, 200-horizontal isolation bearing;

[0032] 1- bearing upper cover plate, 2- bearing lower cover plate, 3- vertical vibration isolation unit, 31- disc spring, 32- conical laminated rubber, 33- upper boundary cover plate, 34- lower boundary cover plate, 4- prestressed tendons, 5- anchor bolts, 6- horizontal limit unit, 61- upper guide limit cylinder, 62- lower guide limit cylinder, 63- stiffening ribs, 7- horizontal vibration isolation unit, 71- upper sliding surface, 72- lower sliding surface, 73- sliding core, 8- bearing bottom plate, 9- connecting bolts.

[0033] In the various drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model more clear, the embodiment of the utility model is further described in detail below in combination with the embodiment and the drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiment of the utility model and its description are used to explain the utility model, but are not used as a limitation of the utility model.

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] It is also necessary to understand that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0037] As mentioned in the background technology, the development of urban underground rail transit has put forward higher requirements for vertical vibration isolation and "dual control of vibration and seismicity". At present, the main form of horizontal seismic isolation schemes applied to building structures near urban underground rail transit is to add a layer of seismic isolation at an appropriate position of the building structure. By arranging horizontal seismic isolation bearings in the seismic isolation layer, the horizontal seismic isolation effect of reducing the horizontal seismic action of the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer is achieved. Common horizontal seismic isolation bearings arranged in the seismic isolation layer include natural rubber bearings, lead rubber bearings, high damping rubber bearings, elastic skateboard rubber bearings, friction pendulum bearings, etc. The main form of vertical vibration isolation schemes applied to building structures near urban underground rail transit is to add a layer of seismic isolation at an appropriate position of the building structure. By arranging low-rigidity and high-load vertical vibration isolation bearings in the vibration isolation layer, the vertical vibration isolation effect of reducing the vertical vibration action of the upper structure of the vibration isolation layer is achieved. Common low-rigidity and high-load vertical vibration isolation bearings arranged in the seismic isolation layer include thick rubber bearings, spiral steel spring bearings, disc steel spring bearings, etc. The main form of the "dual vibration control" technical solution that can be applied to the adjacent building structures along the urban underground rail transit line is to unify the vertical vibration isolation layer and the horizontal vibration isolation layer of the structure: that is, to arrange horizontal vibration isolation bearings and low-rigidity and high-load vertical vibration isolation bearings in this vibration isolation (seismic) layer at the same time; or to arrange dual vibration control bearings that can simultaneously isolate vertical vibration and horizontal earthquakes in this vibration isolation (seismic) layer. At present, the dual vibration control bearings that may be applied to "dual vibration control" type building projects can be divided into dual vibration control bearings of thick rubber bearings combined with horizontal isolation devices, and dual vibration control bearings of steel spring vibration isolation bearings combined with horizontal isolation devices. There are still many technical bottlenecks and shortcomings in the actual engineering applications of existing vibration control technology and structural isolation technology. In view of this, the utility model designs a conical laminated rubber composite disc spring dual vibration control bearing to effectively reduce the impact of vertical subway vibration, and can effectively reduce the horizontal seismic action and vertical seismic action of the upper structure. This can ensure that the upper structure can be used normally when the subway vibrates, and avoid serious earthquake damage to the upper structure when an earthquake occurs.

[0038] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0039] See also Figure 1 , 2 , shows an embodiment of a conical laminated rubber composite disc spring vibration double-control bearing, which is used for adjacent building structures along underground rail transit lines. It is composed of a horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200 and a vertical vibration isolation bearing 100. It is easy to understand that the horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200 provides isolation from horizontal earthquake effects, and the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 provides isolation from vertical vibrations.

[0040] The horizontal seismic isolation support 200 mainly includes a horizontal seismic isolation unit 7 and a support base plate 8. Figure 3As shown. The horizontal seismic isolation unit 7 provides a function of isolating horizontal earthquakes. The utility model does not impose any specific restrictions. For example, it can be Figure 3 The friction pendulum support shown in the figure includes upper and lower sliding surfaces 71, 72 and a sliding core 73 arranged between the upper and lower sliding surfaces 71, 72. The sliding core 73 is installed between the upper and lower sliding surfaces 71, 72. Bolt holes are preset around the upper and lower sliding surfaces 71, 72. The upper sliding surface 71 is connected and fixed to the support lower cover plate 2 of the upper vertical vibration isolation support 100 through a group of connecting bolts 9, and the lower sliding surface 72 is connected and fixed to the support bottom plate 8 through a group of connecting bolts 9.

[0041] Of course, the horizontal seismic isolation unit 7 may also be other devices that can isolate horizontal earthquakes, such as natural rubber bearings, lead rubber bearings, and skateboard bearings.

[0042] The support base plate 8 can be connected and fixed to the lower structure by means of anchor bolts 5. Figure 3 As shown, bolt holes are provided near the four corners of the support base plate 8 and four anchor bolts 5 are preset. The anchor bolts 5 extend downward to be connected and fixed to the structural column or foundation pier.

[0043] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 A vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 of an embodiment is shown, which is a vertical vibration isolation bearing with low stiffness and high load-bearing characteristics, used to isolate vertical vibration effects, and mainly includes a bearing upper cover plate 1, a bearing lower cover plate 2, multiple groups of vertical vibration isolation units 3, and multiple prestressed tendons 4.

[0044] Specifically, the support upper cover plate 1 is used to be connected and fixed with the upper structure. The support upper cover plate 1 can be a square or circular steel plate, and the size and thickness are determined according to the design requirements.

[0045] The upper structure supported by the vertical vibration isolation support 100 is, for example, a structural column, that is, the support upper cover plate 1 is arranged below the upper structure column pier and is connected and fixed to the upper structure column pier to support the structural column and provide the function of isolating vertical vibration at the same time. The support upper cover plate 1 can be connected and fixed to the upper structure by means of anchor bolts 5, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, bolt holes are opened near the four corners of the support upper cover plate 1 and four anchor bolts 5 are preset. The anchor bolts 5 extend upward and are used to be connected and fixed to the bottom of the upper structure column pier.

[0046] As for the support lower cover plate 2, it is arranged horizontally opposite to the support upper cover plate 1 at an adjustable vertical distance from the support upper cover plate 1, and is used to be connected and fixed with the lower structure. The vertical distance is adjustable to facilitate the application of prestress to the prestressed tendons 4. When the support is compressed, the vertical distance is reduced, and the prestressed tendons 4 can produce a slight relaxation and follow-up. The prestressed tendons 4 can be prestressed rods, including carbon fiber prestressed tendons, basalt fiber prestressed tendons, etc., or prestressed cables, preferably prestressed cables. The support lower cover plate 2 can also be a square or circular steel plate, and the size and thickness are determined according to the design requirements. In general, the support lower cover plate 2 is consistent with the support upper cover plate 1 in shape and size. The support lower cover plate 2 is arranged and fixed on the lower structure, and the lower structure can be, for example, a structural column or a foundation column pier of the lower building structure. Similarly, the support lower cover plate 2 can be connected and fixed to the lower structure with the help of anchor bolts 5 or bolts, embedded parts, etc.

[0047] The vertical vibration isolation support 100 of the utility model is characterized in that a plurality of groups of vertical vibration isolation units 3 are arranged between the support lower cover plate 2 and the support upper cover plate 1, and the plurality of groups of vertical vibration isolation units 3 are arranged on the support lower cover plate 2 in a predetermined plane layout. The utility model adopts a better layout mode, and arranges 9 groups of vertical vibration isolation units 3 in a 3X3 manner on the support lower cover plate 2, so as to achieve vertical vibration isolation while meeting the requirements of stiffness and bearing characteristics.

[0048] Continue to see Figure 4 Combined with Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the utility model preferably provides a specially designed vertical vibration isolation unit 3 to meet the requirements of low stiffness and high load-bearing characteristics. The vertical vibration isolation unit 3 is composed of a disc spring 31 and a conical laminated rubber 32. The disc spring 31 and the conical laminated rubber 32 are arranged in series, and the conical laminated rubber 32 has a central through hole.

[0049] See also Fig. 9 The conical laminated rubber 32 (taking one layer as an example) gradually changes in cross-sectional height from the central through hole to the outer edge, and forms a cone of unequal height in spatial geometry, and the gradually changing inclination angle θ is consistent with the inclination angle of the disc spring, so that while forming a cone, it ensures consistency with the shape of the disc spring and can be well integrated with the disc spring in a series manner.

[0050] It should be noted that the gradient from the central through hole to the outer edge here can be a gradient from high to low, a gradient from low to high, or a combination of multiple gradient forms, which will be explained in detail later in conjunction with the conical rubber unit.

[0051] Preferably, the gradual inclination angle is generally 5 to 15 degrees, which can basically meet the requirements for low stiffness and high load-bearing characteristics in most usage scenarios. Special cases can be specially designed according to vibration isolation requirements.

[0052] Corresponding to the multiple groups of vertical vibration isolation units 3, the vertical vibration isolation support 100 is also provided with multiple prestressed tendons 4, which correspond to the vertical vibration isolation units 3 one by one, and the upper ends of the prestressed tendons 4 are anchored and fixed to the support upper cover plate 1, and pass through the disc spring 31 (the disc spring 31 itself has a central through hole) and the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber 32, and the lower ends are anchored and fixed to the support lower cover plate 2. Figure 5 As shown, as a preferred layout, 9 bolt holes are arranged in a 3X3 manner in the middle of the upper cover plate 1 of the support, and 9 prestressed tendons 4 pass through the central through holes of the conical laminated rubber 32 one by one. By setting the prestressed tendons 4, at least the following effects can be achieved: first, the upper cover plate 1 of the support, the vertical vibration isolation unit 3 and the lower cover plate 2 of the support are connected to form a whole by means of the prestressed tendons, ensuring that the units will not separate from each other under the vertical reciprocating action; second, the prestressed tendons 4 can provide pre-pressure to the disc spring 31 and the conical laminated rubber 32 to ensure that the disc spring unit and the conical rubber unit are in a compressed state, which can avoid the vertical vibration isolation unit 3 in series from being unable to restrain the bending deformation of the support in the connecting section (upper guide limit cylinder 61), resulting in the bending of the support as a whole, causing some vertical vibration isolation units 3 to become unstable. Third, under the action of an earthquake, the prestressed tendons 4 can prevent the vertical vibration isolation unit 3 from being pulled, resulting in the separation of the disc springs, thereby ensuring the integrity of the low-rigidity and high-load-bearing vertical vibration isolation bearing under the action of an earthquake.

[0053] The vertical vibration isolation unit 3 proposed in the utility model has a force analysis of the basic force unit of the conical laminated rubber composite disc spring as follows: Fig.11 As shown in the figure, the conical rubber unit and the disc spring unit are subjected to vertical pressure. Under the vertical pressure, they are compressed from their original positions to produce displacement deformation. The deformation mode of the basic force unit under vertical pressure is as follows: Fig.12 As shown in the figure, the conical rubber unit undergoes shear deformation under the vertical pressure, as shown by the arrow. The deformation simulation of the basic force unit under vertical pressure is as follows: Fig.13 As shown in the figure, from the deformation analysis, it can be seen that the basic force unit adopts the method of connecting the conical laminated rubber and the disc spring in series. The overall deformation of the basic force unit is equal to the disc spring deformation + rubber deformation. From this, the following stiffness relationship of the basic force unit of the conical laminated rubber composite disc spring can be derived. From this formula, it can be seen that the vertical total stiffness of each basic force unit is much smaller than the stiffness of the conical laminated rubber and the disc spring, that is, K 总 Much smaller than K 碟簧 and K 橡胶 Therefore, the basic force-bearing unit proposed in the utility model can significantly reduce the stiffness and vertical vibration isolation frequency of the support, thereby improving the vertical vibration isolation efficiency of the support.

[0054]

[0055] In some specific embodiments, the conical laminated rubber 32 is formed by stacking multiple conical rubber units, each of which is annular and has a uniform thickness. It should be noted that the uniform thickness here means that the thickness of the annular area is consistent, which can be particularly effective in Fig.11 , 12 as well as Fig.14 , 15 It can be seen more clearly that the entire conical rubber unit still forms a cone of unequal height in spatial geometry, such as Fig. 9 .

[0056] Specifically, each conical rubber unit is clamped between two adjacent disc spring units to form a basic force-bearing unit. Since the tapered inclination angle θ of the conical rubber unit is consistent with the inclination angle of the disc spring, each conical rubber unit can be well integrated and clamped between the upper and lower adjacent disc spring units. When the disc spring 31 is compressed, the distance between the upper and lower adjacent disc spring units becomes smaller, such as Fig.11 As shown, the shear deformation of the tapered rubber unit is caused, so that the entire tapered laminated rubber 32 is shear deformed.

[0057] Moreover, by utilizing this combination of conical rubber and disc spring, damping force can be provided by the Coulomb friction between the disc spring units and between the conical rubber unit and the disc spring unit when the basic force-bearing unit is vertically compressed and deformed, and at the same time, the rubber material can be high-damping rubber, which can provide damping force when deformed. Taking the above factors into consideration, the vertical vibration isolation support of the utility model can significantly improve the vertical damping of the vibration isolation support, ensure the energy dissipation capacity of the vibration isolation support in the vertical vibration direction, and at the same time, under the action of earthquake, vertical damping can also be added to the upper structure to reduce vertical earthquake damage to the upper structure.

[0058] In addition, each conical rubber unit is connected and fixed to the disc spring unit through a vulcanization process, which ensures effective connection and force transmission between the conical rubber unit and the disc spring unit, and at the same time can delay the aging of the rubber to a certain extent.

[0059] In some specific embodiments, the vertical vibration isolation unit 3 provided by the utility model can be used as a basic force-bearing unit alone, or multiple basic force-bearing units can be used to obtain different matching combinations, overlapping combinations or composite combinations, which are in contact with each other under the action of vertical pressure. Fig.14 , 15 As shown, Fig.14 The diagram shows the matching mode of the vertical vibration isolation units, i.e. the rubber openings of a pair of matched units are in opposite (relative) directions, where (a) is a single unit subjected to force, (b) is two pairs of units subjected to matched force, and (c) is three pairs of units subjected to matched force. Fig.15The stacking method of the vertical vibration isolation unit is shown, that is, the rubber opening direction of a pair of stacked units is the same, where (a) is a single unit subjected to force, (b) is two pairs of units subjected to force in a stacked manner, and (c) is three pairs of units subjected to force in a stacked manner. It can be obtained that the vertical stiffness of the integral support can be achieved with low stiffness and high bearing capacity through the combination of different basic force-bearing units in a paired, stacked or composite combination and the adjustment of related parameters. The adjustable parameters include the thickness of the disc spring, the inclination angle of the cone, the number of layers of the disc spring, the number of layers of rubber and the thickness of the rubber. The design parameters are highly flexible and the design indicators of the integral support are easy to meet, which can ensure that the integral support has low vertical stiffness and high vertical bearing capacity.

[0060] Preferably, the disc spring is made of spring steel 60Si2MnA, 50CrVA, stainless steel, chromium-nickel-iron alloy or other materials that meet the design requirements. The conical laminated rubber is made of natural rubber or high-damping rubber. When the conical laminated rubber is made of high-damping rubber material, it can effectively improve the vertical damping ratio of the support, improve the vertical energy dissipation capacity of the overall support, and effectively solve the resonance effect of the vibration response amplification of the subway vibration wave at the vertical natural frequency point of the support, so as to achieve a better vibration isolation effect.

[0061] In some specific embodiments, the vertical vibration isolation unit 3 may further include an upper boundary cover plate 33 and a lower boundary cover plate 34, and the disc spring 31 and the conical laminated rubber 32 are arranged between the upper boundary cover plate and the lower boundary cover plate. The disc spring 31 is constrained and fixed by means of the upper boundary cover plate 33 and the lower boundary cover plate 34, so that a complete and stable vertical vibration isolation unit 3 is formed.

[0062] Specifically, the upper boundary cover plate 33 and the lower boundary cover plate 34 are both annular in shape, and have the same shape as the disc spring 31 they clamp, and the same diameter as or slightly larger than the diameter of the disc spring 31. The diameter of the annular center through hole is the same as or slightly larger than the center through hole of the disc spring 31 and the conical laminated rubber 32. Figures 6 to 8 shown.

[0063] Preferably, an enlarged sunken step is formed at the annular center through hole of the upper boundary cover plate 33, and the sunken step is used to place a horizontal limit unit, which will be described in detail later in conjunction with the specific structure of the horizontal limit unit.

[0064] In some specific embodiments, the vertical vibration isolation support 100 of the utility model further includes a plurality of groups of horizontal limit units 6, which correspond to the vertical vibration isolation units 3 one by one, and are arranged in the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber 32 in a predetermined identical plane layout to limit the horizontal movement of the vertical vibration isolation unit 3, so that only vertical movement occurs. By preventing the horizontal deformation of the vertical vibration isolation unit 3, the horizontal deformation and the vertical deformation of the support are decoupled, so that the horizontal deformation and the vertical deformation of the support do not affect each other, and the vertical vibration isolation effect of the support with extremely high efficiency is ensured. When used for a vibration dual-control support, the horizontal vibration isolation effect of the support can also be ensured.

[0065] Better, see Fig.10 The horizontal limit unit 6 is composed of an upper guide limit cylinder 61 and a lower guide limit cylinder 62. The so-called guide limit means that the basic force unit only moves vertically along the guide limit cylinder, and prevents horizontal displacement while guiding. The upper guide limit cylinder 61 and the lower guide limit cylinder 62 adopt a cylindrical cylinder structure. The diameter of the upper guide limit cylinder 61 is relatively large, at least exceeding the diameter of the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber 32, and the diameter of the lower guide limit cylinder 62 is relatively small, and its outer diameter matches the diameter of the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber 32. The upper part of the lower guide limit cylinder 62 is partially inserted into the upper guide limit cylinder 61, and the upper guide limit cylinder 61 is installed outside the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber 32 from above. The lower part of the lower guide limit cylinder 62 is inserted into the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber 32, and the lower guide limit cylinder 62 fills the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber 32 and forms a close contact with the inner wall of the conical laminated rubber 32. By adding an upper guide limit cylinder 61 and a lower guide limit cylinder 62 to pass through the basic force-bearing unit of the conical laminated rubber composite disc spring, when prestress is applied to the prestressed tendon 4, the upper and lower sleeves are inserted and tightened, and the horizontal movement of the basic force-bearing unit is limited by the upper guide limit cylinder 61 and the lower guide limit cylinder 62, ensuring that all the basic force-bearing units can only deform vertically evenly, thereby achieving decoupling of horizontal and vertical deformations.

[0066] Furthermore, the horizontal limit unit 6 may also include a stiffening rib 63, and a plurality of stiffening ribs 63 are evenly welded and fixed to the side wall of the upper guide limit cylinder 61. The stiffening ribs can improve the horizontal shear stiffness of the guide limit cylinder and prevent the vertical vibration isolation support from shear failure under a larger horizontal earthquake. The utility model has four stiffening ribs 63 welded, and the four stiffening ribs 63 are equally divided and arranged on the periphery of the upper guide limit cylinder 61. The shape of the stiffening rib 63 can be a right-angled trapezoid, a right-angled triangle, a rectangle, a square, etc. The utility model is in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid and is invertedly welded to the side wall of the upper guide limit cylinder 61.

[0067] Since the diameter of the upper guide limit cylinder 61 is relatively large, larger than the diameter of the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber 32, the upper guide limit cylinder 61 is installed from above outside the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber 32, specifically, it is installed on the sunken step at the central through hole of the upper boundary cover plate 33, that is, the upper boundary cover plate 33 is used to install and constrain the disc spring 31 and the conical laminated rubber 32 on the one hand, and is also used to align and place the upper guide limit cylinder 61 and limit it.

[0068] It is easy to understand that the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 provided by the utility model is mainly used to isolate vertical vibration. In seismic fortification areas with low seismic effects, the seismic resistance requirements of the upper structure are low, and no seismic isolation is required, but the vertical vibration is relatively severe, and the vertical vibration reduction requirements are high. The use of the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 of the utility model can solve this problem well.

[0069] However, for earthquake-resistant areas with strong earthquake effects, the seismic requirements of the upper structure are higher, especially for the adjacent building structures along the urban underground rail transit lines. At this time, both vertical vibration and horizontal earthquake effects need to be considered. Based on this, the utility model can achieve simultaneous isolation of vertical vibration and horizontal earthquake effects, which is particularly necessary for the adjacent building structures along the urban underground rail transit lines in high earthquake-resistant areas.

[0070] According to the specific usage scenario, there are at least two combination arrangements of the vertical vibration isolation support 100 and the horizontal vibration isolation support 200. One is that the two are arranged in series, such as Fig.16 As shown, the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 is arranged on the upper part of the horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200, the bearing upper cover plate 1 of the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 is connected and fixed to the upper structure column pier, and the bearing lower cover plate 2 of the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 is connected and fixed to the horizontal isolation unit 7 of the horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200. At this time, the bearing bottom plate 8 serves as the lower boundary plane of the entire composite vibration dual-control bearing.

[0071] The other is to arrange the two separately in parallel, such as Fig.17 As shown, the upper cover plate 1 of the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 is connected and fixed to the upper structure column pier, the lower cover plate 2 of the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 is connected and fixed to the lower structure or foundation column pier, the horizontal isolation unit 7 of the horizontal isolation bearing 200 is connected and fixed to the upper structure beam of the isolation layer, and the base plate 8 of the horizontal isolation bearing 200 is connected and fixed to the lower structure beam of the isolation layer.

[0072] In addition, in the case where the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 and the horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200 are arranged in parallel, a mirror stainless steel plate is further provided on the top surface of the lower structure or the foundation column, and a polytetrafluoroethylene coating is added between the bearing lower cover plate 2 of the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 and the mirror stainless steel plate to ensure an extremely small friction coefficient between the two contact surfaces and reduce the shear force when the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 slides.

[0073] From the above explanation, it can be seen that the conical laminated rubber composite disc spring vibration dual-control bearing provided by the utility model can meet the simultaneous isolation of horizontal earthquake and vertical vibration effects. Combined with prestressed tendons and horizontal limit units, it can also achieve decoupling of the vertical and horizontal deformations of the overall bearing, and is particularly suitable for high-rise buildings.

[0074] At the same time, the low-rigidity and high-load-bearing vertical vibration isolation bearing provided by the utility model is based on the basic force unit of the conical laminated rubber composite disc spring, and utilizes the oblique shear deformation of the rubber under the action of vertical pressure to achieve a smaller stiffness of the rubber under the action of vertical load. At the same time, ensuring that the deformation of the rubber is shear deformation can avoid rubber buckling and instability when the rubber layer is too thick. This is particularly important for preventing the existing rubber bearings from buckling and instability, because thick laminated rubber is currently used to reduce the vertical stiffness of the bearing and is used for vertical vibration reduction (isolation) of the upper structure, but thick laminated rubber has the problem of buckling instability, such as Fig.18 As shown, the harm of rubber drum instability is extremely great. Once the support is unstable, it will cause the entire superstructure to overturn. At the same time, its vertical bearing capacity is also low, and it can only be used for vertical vibration isolation of low-rise building structures, and it is difficult to apply to high-rise building structures. The utility model adopts this combination method to solve the contradiction that the current supports either have only low stiffness but not high bearing capacity, or only have high bearing capacity but not low stiffness, which can achieve better vibration isolation efficiency and be suitable for higher superstructures.

[0075] Although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention. Certain features described in the context of a separate embodiment may also be implemented in a single implementation in combination. On the contrary, the various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented in multiple implementations individually or in any suitable sub-combination.

[0076] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or technical improvements in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A conical laminated rubber composite disc spring vibration dual control support, characterized in that: include: A horizontal seismic isolation support, comprising a horizontal seismic isolation unit and a support bottom plate; Vertical vibration isolation support, including: A support upper cover plate, the support upper cover plate is used to be connected and fixed with the upper structure; A support lower cover plate, the support lower cover plate is horizontally arranged below the support upper cover plate at an adjustable vertical distance from the support upper cover plate, and is used to be connected and fixed to the lower structure or the horizontal seismic isolation unit; A plurality of groups of vertical vibration isolation units, wherein the vertical vibration isolation units are arranged on the support lower cover plate in a predetermined plane layout, and the vertical vibration isolation units are composed of disc springs and conical laminated rubbers, the disc springs and the conical laminated rubbers are arranged in series, and the conical laminated rubbers have a central through hole; A plurality of prestressed tendons, each of which corresponds to the vertical vibration isolation unit one by one, has an upper end anchored and fixed to the upper cover plate of the support, passes through the central through hole of the disc spring and the conical laminated rubber, and has a lower end anchored and fixed to the lower cover plate of the support.

2. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical laminated rubber gradually changes in cross-sectional height from the central through hole to the outer edge, forming a cone of unequal height in spatial geometry, and the gradually changing inclination angle is consistent with the inclination angle of the disc spring.

3. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical laminated rubber is formed by stacking a plurality of conical rubber units, each of which is annular and has a uniform thickness. Each conical rubber unit is clamped between two adjacent disc spring units and connected and fixed by a vulcanization process.

4. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical vibration isolation unit further includes upper and lower boundary cover plates, and the disc spring is arranged between the upper and lower boundary cover plates.

5. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper and lower boundary cover plates are both in annular shape, and an enlarged sinking step is formed at the annular center through hole of the upper boundary cover plate.

6. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of groups of horizontal limiting units, the horizontal limiting units corresponding to the vertical vibration isolation units one by one, are arranged in a predetermined plane layout in the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber to limit the horizontal movement of the vertical vibration isolation units.

7. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 6, characterized in that: The horizontal limiting unit comprises: An upper guide and limiting cylinder, the upper guide and limiting cylinder being installed outside the central through hole of the conical laminated rubber from above; The lower guide limiting cylinder has an upper portion inserted into the upper guide limiting cylinder and a lower portion inserted into the central through hole of the tapered laminated rubber, and its outer diameter matches the diameter of the central through hole of the tapered laminated rubber.

8. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 7, characterized in that: The horizontal limiting unit also includes: Stiffening ribs, a plurality of said stiffening ribs are evenly distributed and welded and fixed to the side wall of said upper guide limiting cylinder.

9. The vibration dual-control support according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The vertical vibration isolation support and the horizontal vibration isolation support are arranged in series, the vertical vibration isolation support is arranged on the upper part of the horizontal vibration isolation support, the support upper cover plate of the vertical vibration isolation support is connected and fixed to the upper structure column pier, and the support lower cover plate of the vertical vibration isolation support is connected and fixed to the horizontal vibration isolation unit; or, The vertical vibration isolation bearing is arranged in parallel with the horizontal vibration isolation bearing, the upper cover plate of the vertical vibration isolation bearing is connected and fixed to the upper structure column pier, the lower cover plate of the vertical vibration isolation bearing is connected and fixed to the lower structure or foundation column pier, the horizontal isolation unit of the horizontal vibration isolation bearing is connected and fixed to the upper structure beam of the isolation layer, and the support bottom plate of the horizontal vibration isolation bearing is connected and fixed to the lower structure beam of the isolation layer.

10. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the vertical vibration isolation support is arranged in parallel with the horizontal vibration isolation support, a mirror stainless steel plate is provided on the top surface of the lower structure or the foundation column pier, and a polytetrafluoroethylene coating is added between the support lower cover plate of the vertical vibration isolation support and the mirror stainless steel plate.

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