PWM solar controller with 4G communication

Abstract

The utility model discloses a PWM solar controller with 4G communication, and relates to the solar controller field, the PWM solar controller comprises an MCU controller and a 4G communication module, the signal receiving end of the MCU controller is connected with a storage battery voltage monitoring circuit and a photovoltaic cell voltage monitoring circuit, the output end of a storage battery and the output end of a photovoltaic solar panel are connected with a 12V voltage stabilizing circuit, and the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with a power supply. The 12V voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the MCU controller through the power supply module, the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the 4G communication module through the 4G communication power supply circuit, the 4G communication module is connected with the MCU controller, and instructions are sent and received to the 4G module through the MCU controller for communication. According to the utility model, by arranging the 4G communication power supply circuit and the 4G communication module, remote operation and checking of related data can be carried out, operation data of the solar controller can be obtained in real time, parameters of the controller can be modified according to the operation data, the maintenance cost is lower, and the debugging is simpler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of online monitoring of electric power equipment, in particular to a PWM solar controller with 4G communication. Background Art

[0002] A solar controller is the connection between the off-grid photovoltaic power generation and the battery storage. For battery-integrated solar controllers, physical direct connection is often required. Due to the uncertain time between factory production and on-site installation, direct connection means the solar controller is constantly discharging, which can lead to battery exhaust over time. Therefore, adding a fuse between the battery and controller during installation can mitigate battery drain. However, the added risk of increased installation risk can include mechanical damage or poor contact during installation, resulting in high contact resistance and persistent heating at the contact points, which can affect solar system efficiency. Therefore, regular maintenance and inspection of solar systems are essential. Currently, inspections typically require on-site measurement of solar system parameters, requiring the connection of measuring equipment (such as an ammeter) to the solar controller, making this operation difficult. On-site measurement only captures data for a specific period of time and does not capture all data from the solar system. This means that during operation, it is difficult for engineers and customers to obtain operating data from the solar controller and modify its parameters, leading to high maintenance costs and difficulty in debugging. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a PWM solar controller with 4G communication to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a PWM solar controller with 4G communication, including an MCU controller and a 4G communication module, the signal receiving end of the MCU controller is connected to the battery voltage monitoring circuit and the photovoltaic cell voltage monitoring circuit, the battery voltage monitoring circuit and the photovoltaic cell voltage monitoring circuit are respectively connected to the battery and the photovoltaic solar panel, the output ends of the battery and the photovoltaic solar panel are connected to the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit, the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the MCU controller through the power module, the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the 4G communication module through the 4G communication power supply circuit, the 4G communication module is connected to the MCU controller, and the MCU controller sends and receives instructions to the 4G module for communication.

[0005] Preferably, the communication port of the MCU controller is connected to a switch state detection circuit, and the switch state detection circuit is connected to a battery and a button switch.

[0006] Preferably, the output port of the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the input end of the 4G communication power supply circuit, and the input end of the 4G communication power supply circuit is connected to a WST4041 field effect transistor Q24, and pin 3 of the WST4041 field effect transistor Q24 is connected to pin 2 of the power supply chip U12, and pin 2 is connected in series with a resistor R82 to be grounded, and pin 3 of the power supply chip U12 is connected to pin 3 of the WST4041 field effect transistor Q24 through a resistor R78, and pin 4 of the power supply chip U12 is connected in series with a capacitor C37 to be grounded. Pin 6 of the power supply chip U12 is connected in series with a capacitor C38 and a capacitor R84 to be grounded. Pin 8 of the power supply chip U12 is connected in series with an inductor L1 and an inductor L2, and is connected to pins 42 and 43 of the 4G communication module chip, and pin 1 of the power supply chip U12 is connected in series with a capacitor C31, an inductor L1, and an inductor L2, and is connected to pins 42 and 43 of the 4G communication module chip;

[0007] Pin 5 of the power chip U12 is connected in series with resistor R81 and inductor L2 to the battery end, and pin 7 of the power chip U12 is connected in series with inductor L2 through capacitors C35 and C36, and is connected to the battery end, where capacitors C35 and C36 are connected in parallel; pin 7 of the power chip U12 is grounded, and inductor L2 is connected in series with resistors R81 and R83 to ground; inductor L1 is grounded through a Zener diode D20.

[0008] Preferably, pin 17 of the 4G communication module chip is connected to pin 30 of the MCU controller 1 through a transistor Q18, pin 17 of the 4G communication module chip is connected to the collector of the transistor Q18, the emitter of the transistor Q18 is connected to pin 30 of the MCU controller 1, and pin 30 of the MCU controller 1 is connected to pin 1 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header, the base of the transistor Q18 is connected in series with a resistor R85 as a virtual input and output terminal VIO, and both ends of the resistor R85 are connected in parallel with a capacitor C46; pin 17 of the 4G communication module chip is connected in series with a resistor R86 to the virtual input and output terminal;

[0009] Pin 18 of the 4G communication module chip is connected to pin 2 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header through the transistor Q19. Pin 2 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header is connected in series with resistor R88 as a reserved interface. The MCU is internally configured for pull-up and does not require soldering. Pin 2 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header is connected to the collector of the transistor Q19. The emitter of the transistor Q19 is connected to pin 18 of the 4G communication module chip. The base of the transistor Q19 is connected in series with resistor R91 as the virtual input and output terminal VIO. Capacitor C50 is connected in parallel at both ends of the resistor R91.

[0010] Pin 35 of the 4G communication module chip is connected in series with inductor L3 and is connected to a BWIPX-1-001ERF RF coaxial connector chip. The impedance of inductor L3 is controlled to 50Ω. Pins 2 and 3 of the BWIPX-1-001ERF RF coaxial connector chip are grounded. Pin 35 of the 4G communication module chip is connected in series with capacitor C54 and is grounded. Pin 1 of the BWIPX-1-001ERF RF coaxial connector chip is connected in series with capacitor C53 and is grounded.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] The utility model sets a 4G communication power supply circuit and a 4G communication module, and the 4G communication module is connected to the solar MCU controller. The MCU controller sends and receives 4G module instructions to the 4G module for communication. Remote operation and viewing of relevant data can be performed, and the operating data of the solar controller can be obtained in real time. The parameters of the controller can be modified according to the operating data, which reduces maintenance costs and makes debugging simpler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is the principle diagram of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is the battery connection circuit diagram of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is the photovoltaic power supply connection circuit diagram of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit diagram of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 This is the 4G communication power supply circuit diagram of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 This is the circuit diagram of the MCU controller of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 7 This is the circuit diagram of the 4G communication module of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 8 This is the charging control circuit of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 9 This is the discharge control circuit of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 10 This is the boost circuit of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 11 This is a switch state detection circuit of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1-11 As shown in, this embodiment provides a 4G communication PWM solar controller, including an MCU controller 1, the signal receiving end of the MCU controller 1 is connected to the battery voltage monitoring circuit 3 and the photovoltaic cell voltage monitoring circuit 2, the battery voltage monitoring circuit 3 and the photovoltaic cell voltage monitoring circuit 2 are respectively connected to the battery 6 and the photovoltaic solar panel 7, the control port of the MCU controller 1 is connected to the charging control circuit 11, the charging control circuit 11 is connected to the battery 6 and the photovoltaic solar panel 7, the output ends of the battery 6 and the photovoltaic solar panel 7 are connected to the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit 9, and the output end of the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit 9 is connected to the 4G communication power supply circuit 14.

[0026] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the battery power supply or photovoltaic power supply is connected to the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit to output a stable 12V voltage.

[0027] See also Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 The output port of the 12V voltage regulator circuit is connected to the input of the 4G communication power supply circuit. The input of the 4G communication power supply circuit is connected to a WST4041 field-effect transistor Q24. Pin 3 of the WST4041 field-effect transistor Q24 is connected to pin 2 of the power supply chip U12, and a resistor R82 is connected in series with pin 2 to ground. Pin 3 of the power supply chip U12 is connected to pin 3 of the WST4041 field-effect transistor Q24 through resistor R78. Pin 4 of the power supply chip U12 is connected in series with capacitor C37 to ground. Pin 6 of the power supply chip U12 is connected in series with capacitors C38 and R84 to ground. Pin 8 of the power supply chip U12 is connected in series with inductors L1 and L2 and is connected to pins 42 and 43 of the 4G communication module 15 chip. Pin 1 of the power supply chip U12 is connected in series with capacitors C31, inductors L1, and L2 and is connected to pins 42 and 43 of the 4G communication module 15 chip. Pin 5 of power chip U12 is connected in series with resistor R81 and inductor L2 to the battery terminal. Pin 7 of power chip U12 is connected in series with inductor L2 through capacitors C35 and C36, and is also connected to the battery terminal. Capacitors C35 and C36 are connected in parallel. Pin 7 of power chip U12 is grounded. Inductor L2 is connected in series with resistors R81 and R83 to ground. Inductor L1 is grounded via Zener diode D20.

[0028] Pin 3 of the WST4041 FET Q24 is connected to ground via capacitors C32, C33, and C34, which are then connected in parallel to ground. Pin 2 of the WST4041 FET Q24 is directly connected to a 12V power supply, while pin 1 of the WST4041 FET Q24 is connected in series with resistor R79 and is also connected to the 12V power supply.

[0029] The 12V power supply is connected in series with resistors R79 and R80 to the collector of transistor Q25. The emitter of transistor Q25 is grounded, and the base of transistor Q25 is connected to pin 26 of the MCU main control chip through resistor R104. Pin 26 of the MCU main control chip is connected to ground through resistor R104, resistor R105, and capacitor C55. Capacitor C55 and resistor R105 are connected in parallel. Capacitor C55 can improve anti-interference and prevent hiccups.

[0030] Pin 27 of MCU controller 1 is connected in series with the base-collector terminal of transistor Q20 via resistor R94. The collector of transistor Q20 is connected to pin 7 of the 4G communication module 15 chip, and the emitter of transistor Q20 is grounded. Pin 27 of MCU controller 1 is connected in series with resistors R94 and R95, which are then grounded. Pin 28 of MCU controller 1 is connected in series with resistor R96 and transistor Q21. Resistor R96 is connected to the base of transistor Q21, and the collector of transistor Q21 is connected to pin 15 of the 4G communication module 15 chip. The emitter of transistor Q21 is grounded. Pin 28 of MCU controller 1 is connected in series with resistors R96 and R97, which are then grounded.

[0031] Rabbit 6 and Figure 7 As shown, pin 17 of the 4G communication module 15 chip is connected to pin 30 of the MCU controller 1 through the transistor Q18. Pin 17 of the 4G communication module 15 chip is connected to the collector of the transistor Q18, and the emitter of the transistor Q18 is connected to pin 30 of the MCU controller 1. In addition, pin 30 of the MCU controller 1 is connected to pin 1 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header. The base of the transistor Q18 is connected in series with a resistor R85 as a virtual input and output terminal VIO, and capacitor C46 is connected in parallel at both ends of the resistor R85. Pin 17 of the 4G communication module 15 chip is connected in series with a resistor R86 and is connected to the virtual input and output terminal.

[0032] Pin 18 of the 4G communication module 15 chip is connected to pin 2 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header through the transistor Q19. Pin 2 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header is connected in series with a resistor R88 as a reserved interface. The MCU is internally configured to be pulled up and soldering is not required. Pin 2 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header is connected to the collector of the transistor Q19. The emitter of the transistor Q19 is connected to pin 18 of the 4G communication module (15) chip. The base of the transistor Q19 is connected in series with a resistor R91 as a virtual input and output terminal VIO. Both ends of the resistor R91 are connected in parallel with a capacitor C50.

[0033] Pin 35 of the 4G communication module 15 chip is connected in series with an inductor L3 and is connected to a BWIPX-1-001ERF RF coaxial connector chip. The impedance of the inductor L3 is controlled to 50Ω. Pins 2 and 3 of the BWIPX-1-001ERF RF coaxial connector chip are grounded. Pin 35 of the 4G communication module 15 chip is connected in series with capacitor C54 and is grounded. Pin 1 of the BWIPX-1-001ERF RF coaxial connector chip is connected in series with capacitor C53 and is grounded.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 8-10 As shown, the 12V voltage regulator circuit 9 is connected to the MCU controller 1, the charging control circuit 11, and the switch state detection circuit 4 via the power module 8. The 12V voltage regulator circuit 9 is also connected to the charging control circuit 11 via the boost circuit 10. The control port of the MCU controller 1 is also connected to the discharge control circuit 12, which is connected to the battery 6. The output end of the discharge control circuit 12 is connected to the load 13, and the power supply end of the discharge control circuit 12 is connected to the boost circuit 10. In this embodiment, the battery voltage monitoring circuit 3, the photovoltaic cell voltage monitoring circuit 2, the power module 8, the boost circuit 10, the charging control circuit 11, the battery 6, etc. all adopt existing technologies. Please refer to Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 101119085 B.

[0035] like Figure 11As shown, switch state detection circuit 4 includes a photocoupler U16. Pin 1 of photocoupler U16 is connected in series with resistor R65 and then to the power supply. Pin 2 of photocoupler U16 is connected to pin 33 of MCU controller 1. Pin 3 of photocoupler U16 is connected to resistor R68 and then to ground, then to diode D19 and then to ground, and then to resistor R67 and then to MCU controller 1. Pin 4 of photocoupler U16 is connected in series with resistor R66 and resistor R63 and then to the battery. The common terminal of resistor R66 and resistor R63 is connected to resistor R64, which is connected to MOS transistor Q16, which is connected to the battery. Pin 4 of photocoupler U16 is connected to bidirectional breakdown diode D18 and then to ground. Pin 4 of photocoupler U16 is also connected to pin 1 of connector U17. Pin 2 of connector U17 is grounded, and connector U17 is connected to pushbutton switch 5. When photovoltaic solar panel 7 is connected to the power supply, VIN+ is energized, and MCU controller 1 can enter normal operation. If only the battery 6 is connected, since the battery 6 is connected to the MCU controller 1 through the switch state detection circuit 4, when the button switch 5 is not operated, the MOS tube Q16 is in the off state, VIN+ has no power, the MCU controller 1 does not receive power and cannot enter the working state, and the battery has no power consumption.

[0036] When the MCU controller 1 is operating normally, the MCU controller 1 controls the charging control circuit 11 to operate, and the photovoltaic solar panel 7 charges the battery 6. During the charging process, the voltage of the battery 6 and the solar photovoltaic panel 7 are also monitored. When the voltage in the battery is detected to be higher than the voltage of the photovoltaic solar panel 7, the transistor Q3 of the charging control circuit 11 is actively shut down to prevent reverse charging. The battery 6 or the solar photovoltaic panel 7 can also power the connected load through the discharge control circuit. The 4G communication power supply circuit is provided by the battery 6 and the photovoltaic solar panel 7 to power the 4G module. The MCU controller 1 sends and receives 4G module commands to the 4G module for communication, allowing remote operation and viewing of relevant data.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A PWM solar controller with 4G communication, characterized by: The invention comprises an MCU controller (1) and a 4G communication module, wherein the signal receiving end of the MCU controller (1) is connected to a battery voltage monitoring circuit (3) and a photovoltaic cell voltage monitoring circuit (2), the battery voltage monitoring circuit (3) and the photovoltaic cell voltage monitoring circuit (2) are respectively connected to a battery (6) and a photovoltaic solar panel (7), the output ends of the battery (6) and the photovoltaic solar panel (7) are connected to a 12V voltage stabilizing circuit (9), the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit (9) is connected to the MCU controller (1) via a power module (8), the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit (9) is connected to a 4G communication module (15) via a 4G communication power supply circuit (14), the 4G communication module (15) is connected to the MCU controller (1), and the MCU controller (1) sends and receives instructions to the 4G module for communication.

2. A PWM solar controller with 4G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication port of the MCU controller (1) is connected to a switch state detection circuit (4), and the switch state detection circuit (4) is connected to a storage battery (6) and a button switch (5).

3. A PWM solar controller with 4G communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control port of the MCU controller (1) is connected to a charging control circuit (11), and the charging control circuit (11) is connected to a storage battery (6) and a photovoltaic solar panel (7).

4. A PWM solar controller with 4G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output port of the 12V voltage stabilizing circuit (9) is connected to the input end of the 4G communication power supply circuit (14), the input end of the 4G communication power supply circuit is connected to a WST4041 field effect transistor Q24, the pin 3 of the WST4041 field effect transistor Q24 is connected to the pin 2 of the power chip U12, and the pin 2 is connected in series with a resistor R82 to ground, the pin 3 of the power chip U12 is connected to the pin 3 of the WST4041 field effect transistor Q24 through a resistor R78, the pin 4 of the power chip U12 is connected in series with a capacitor C37 to ground, the pin 6 of the power chip U12 is connected in series with a capacitor C38 and a capacitor R84 to ground, the pin 8 of the power chip U12 is connected in series with an inductor L1 and an inductor L2, and is connected to pins 42 and 43 of the 4G communication module (15) chip, the pin 1 of the power chip U12 is connected in series with a capacitor C31, an inductor L1 and an inductor L2, and is connected to pins 42 and 43 of the 4G communication module (15) chip; Pin 5 of the power chip U12 is connected in series with resistor R81 and inductor L2 to the battery end, and pin 7 of the power chip U12 is connected in series with inductor L2 through capacitor C35 and capacitor C36, and is connected to the battery end, wherein capacitor C35 and capacitor C36 are connected in parallel; pin 7 of the power chip U12 is grounded, and inductor L2 is connected in series with resistor R81 and resistor R83 to ground; inductor L1 is grounded through voltage stabilizing diode D20.

5. A PWM solar controller with 4G communication according to claim 4, characterized in that: Pin 17 of the 4G communication module (15) chip is connected to pin 30 of the MCU controller 1 through a transistor Q18, pin 17 of the 4G communication module (15) chip is connected to the collector of the transistor Q18, the emitter of the transistor Q18 is connected to pin 30 of the MCU controller 1, and pin 30 of the MCU controller 1 is connected to pin 1 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header, a resistor R85 is connected in series to the base of the transistor Q18 as a virtual input / output terminal VIO, and capacitor C46 is connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R85; pin 17 of the 4G communication module (15) chip is connected to the virtual input / output terminal through a resistor R86 in series; Pin 18 of the 4G communication module (15) chip is connected to pin 2 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header through a transistor Q19, a resistor R88 is connected in series to pin 2 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header as a reserved interface, the MCU is configured to be pulled up and soldering is not required, pin 2 of the PZ254V-11-03P pin header is connected to the collector of the transistor Q19, the emitter of the transistor Q19 is connected to pin 18 of the 4G communication module (15) chip, a resistor R91 is connected in series to the base of the transistor Q19 as a virtual input and output terminal VIO, and a capacitor C50 is connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R91; Pin 35 of the 4G communication module (15) chip is connected in series with an inductor L3 and is connected to a BWIPX-1-001ERF RF coaxial connector chip. The impedance of the inductor L3 is controlled to be 50Ω. Pins 2 and 3 of the BWIPX-1-001ERF RF coaxial connector chip are grounded. Pin 35 of the 4G communication module (15) chip is connected in series with a capacitor C54 and is grounded. Pin 1 of the BWIPX-1-001ERF RF coaxial connector chip is connected in series with a capacitor C53 and is grounded.

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