Novel hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of hard airfoil sails, and relates to a novel hard airfoil sail with an airflow suction function. A novel hard wing-shaped sail with an airflow suction function is characterized by comprising a sail body (100); an end plate (1) is arranged on the upper end face of the cylindrical part of the sail body (100); one side wall of the sail body (100) is a sail body convex surface (101), and the other side wall of the sail body (100) is a sail body concave surface (102); an air suction hole (3) is formed in the sail body convex surface (101); an exhaust hole (5) is formed in the end plate (1); airflow entering from the suction hole (3) is exhausted from the exhaust hole (5); and the air suction holes (3) are arranged at intervals along the horizontal and vertical directions of the sail body concave surface (102). The novel hard wing-shaped sail with the airflow suction function is simple in structure, long in service life, convenient to maintain and high in safety and reliability, the thrust effect of the hard wing-shaped sail can be remarkably improved, and then the energy-saving efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of hard wing-shaped sails, and relates to a novel hard wing-shaped sail with an airflow suction function. Background Art

[0002] At present, the ship propulsion device represented by the hard airfoil sail has a significantly different working principle from the traditional drag sail, sky sail, and rotary sail because its airfoil section is similar to that of an aircraft wing. According to the Bernoulli principle, high-speed airflow causes pressure drop. The airflow velocity is fast on the convex surface of the airfoil sail and slow on the concave surface. On both sides of the convex and concave surfaces, the pressure difference is generated due to the speed difference of the airflow, thereby generating lift. The lift and drag force generated by aerodynamics constitute the propulsion force of the sail in the direction of navigation. The airfoil sail has been widely verified on actual ships in the field of ship propulsion. Among them, the wind wing developed by COSCO Shipping Group, the Kaili sail independently developed and installed by Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Group, and the wind challenger jointly developed by Mitsui OSK Lines and Oshima Shipbuilding are all hard airfoil sails.

[0003] It is not difficult to see from the Bernoulli principle adopted by the hard-wing sail that the hard-wing sail is a passive wind-resistant sail. It basically divides the wind energy that objectively exists in the outside world through its own special airfoil, and uses the pressure difference on both sides of the sail blade caused by the difference in air flow velocity to convert the wind energy into the lift of the sail, and then into the propulsion power of the ship.

[0004] The rigid wing-shaped sail of the prior art only converts external wind energy into thrust. Since there may be an inversely reduced vector relationship between the ship's forward direction, the ship's running speed and the absolute wind direction and wind speed of the external wind field, there is a great deal of energy loss in the process, resulting in an unsatisfactory thrust effect of the rigid wing-shaped sail, thereby greatly reducing the energy-saving efficiency of the rigid wing-shaped sail and thus extending the return on investment of the rigid wing-shaped sail. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of low thrust effect and low energy-saving efficiency of the hard wing-shaped sails in the prior art, the present invention provides a new type of hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function, which is characterized by: comprising a sail body; the sail body is a hollow cylindrical component; the upper end surface of the sail body cylindrical component is provided with an end plate; the side wall of the sail body: one side is a convex surface of the sail body, and the other side is a concave surface of the sail body, and the speed difference of the airflow flowing through the convex surface and the concave surface of the sail body produces a pressure difference; the convex surface of the sail body is provided with an air intake hole for increasing the airflow velocity; the end plate is provided with an exhaust hole; the air flow entering from the air intake hole is discharged from the exhaust hole; the air intake holes are arranged at intervals along the horizontal and vertical directions of the convex surface of the sail body, there are ≥1 exhaust holes, the exhaust holes are connected to the air intake holes, and the end plate is sealed on the upper end surface of the sail body cylindrical component.

[0006] The novel hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function described above is characterized in that the cross section of the sail body adopts a U-wing shape.

[0007] According to the novel hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function described above, the feature is that an airflow ascending channel is connected between the air intake hole and the air exhaust hole, and the airflow ascending channel is arranged inside the sail body.

[0008] According to the new type of hard wing sail with airflow suction function described above, it is characterized in that: the number of air intake holes arranged on the convex surface of the sail body is the same as the number of air exhaust holes arranged on the concave surface of the sail body, each air intake hole is connected to the exhaust hole one by one through an independent airflow rising channel; the number of airflow rising channels is the same as the number of air intake holes.

[0009] The novel hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function described above is characterized in that a plurality of air suction holes arranged on the convex surface of the sail body are connected to each other and are connected to an exhaust hole through an independent airflow rising channel.

[0010] According to the novel hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function described above, it is characterized in that: only one exhaust hole is arranged on the end plate; and all the air suction holes are connected to each other through an independent airflow rising channel.

[0011] According to the new type of hard wing sail with airflow suction function described above, it is characterized in that: an exhaust device is arranged between the exhaust hole arranged on the end plate and the airflow rising channel, including: an exhaust fan; the exhaust fan is arranged in a fan equipment room connected between the exhaust hole and the airflow rising channel.

[0012] According to the novel hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function described above, the feature is that an exhaust grille is provided on the exhaust hole to prevent foreign matter from entering the exhaust hole.

[0013] According to the novel hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function described above, it is characterized in that the wind turbine equipment room is in an inverted cone shape.

[0014] According to the novel hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function described above, it is characterized in that the positions and size arrangements of the air suction holes arranged on the convex surface of the sail body and the air exhaust holes arranged on the end plate are obtained through CFD numerical simulation or wind tunnel test analysis results.

[0015] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0016] 1. The cross section of the sail of the present invention adopts a U-wing shape, combined with the arrangement of the sail end plate, the sail convex suction hole, the air flow rising channel inside the sail, and the exhaust hole on the sail top end plate, and utilizes the natural pressure difference to greatly accelerate the flow speed of the air flow on the convex surface of the sail relative to the concave surface, thereby amplifying the aerodynamic pressure difference between the convex surface and the concave surface, improving the thrust effect of the hard airfoil sail, and further improving the energy saving efficiency.

[0017] 2. The sail of the present invention is combined with the arrangement of the sail end plate, the sail convex suction hole, the sail internal airflow rising channel, and the sail top end plate exhaust hole, and forced suction is performed by the wind suction device arranged between the sail top exhaust hole and the airflow rising channel, which further accelerates the airflow flow speed of the sail convex surface relative to the concave surface, amplifies the aerodynamic pressure difference between the convex surface and the concave surface, significantly improves the thrust effect of the hard airfoil sail, and thus greatly improves the energy saving efficiency. CFD analysis has verified that the new hard airfoil sail with airflow suction function can effectively increase the lift coefficient of the sail blade to 6-7, which is 3-4 times that of the hard airfoil sail in the prior art.

[0018] 3. The present invention arranges a plurality of air intake holes on the convex surface at different heights from the bottom to the top end plate of the airfoil sail blade. The arrangement information such as the arrangement height of the air intake holes, the size and relative position of each air intake hole are comprehensively obtained in combination with CFD numerical simulation and wind tunnel test analysis results to maximize the lift enhancement effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a new type of rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function.

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the thrust principle of a rigid airfoil sail in the prior art.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the thrust mechanism of a new type of rigid airfoil sail with airflow suction function.

[0022] Figure 4 An axonometric view of a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a novel rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function.

[0023] Figure 5 A side view of a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a novel rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function.

[0024] Figure 6 A front view of a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a novel rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function.

[0025] Figure 7 A top view of a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a novel rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function.

[0026] Figure 8 An axonometric view of a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a novel rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function.

[0027] Fig. 9 An axonometric view of a structural schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a novel rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function.

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the exhaust device structure of a new type of rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function.

[0029] Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a novel rigid wing-shaped sail with an exhaust device and airflow suction function.

[0030] In the figure: 1: end plate; 3: air intake hole; 4: air flow rising channel; 5: exhaust hole; 6: exhaust grille; 7: exhaust fan; 8: fan equipment room; 100: sail body; 101: convex surface of sail body; 102: concave surface of sail body; 200: exhaust device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Preferred embodiment 1

[0032] A new type of hard wing sail with airflow suction function includes a sail body 100; the sail body 100 is a hollow cylindrical component; the upper end surface of the cylindrical component of the sail body 100 is provided with an end plate 1; the side wall of the sail body 100: one side is a sail body convex surface 101, and the other side is a sail body concave surface 102, and the speed difference of the airflow flowing through the sail body convex surface 101 and the sail body concave surface 102 produces a pressure difference; the sail body convex surface 101 is provided with an air intake hole 3 for increasing the airflow velocity; the end plate 1 is provided with an exhaust hole 5; the air flow entering from the air intake hole 3 is discharged from the exhaust hole 5; the air intake holes 3 are arranged at intervals along the horizontal and vertical directions of the sail body convex surface 101, there are ≥1 exhaust holes 5, the exhaust holes 5 are connected with the air intake holes 3, and the end plate 1 is sealed and arranged on the upper end surface of the cylindrical component of the sail body 100.

[0033] The end plate 1 serves to separate the airflow below the end plate 1 from the airflow above, thereby reducing the mutual influence between the airflow below and the exhaust airflow above, and maximizing the lift enhancement effect.

[0034] The cross section of the sail body 100 is a U-wing shape.

[0035] The air intake hole 3 and the air exhaust hole 5 are connected to each other through an air flow ascending channel 4 , and the air flow ascending channel 4 is arranged inside the sail body 100 .

[0036] like Figure 4-7As shown: from the bottom to the top end plate of the sail body 100, a plurality of air intake holes 3 are arranged on the convex surface along different heights. The arrangement information such as the setting height of the air intake holes 3, the size and relative position of each air intake hole 3 needs to be comprehensively confirmed in combination with the CFD numerical simulation or wind tunnel test analysis results.

[0037] An end plate 1 is provided on the top of the sail body 100, and a plurality of exhaust holes 5 are provided above the end plate 1. The arrangement information such as the size and relative position of each exhaust hole 5 needs to be comprehensively confirmed in combination with the CFD numerical simulation or wind tunnel test analysis results.

[0038] Each air intake hole 3 at each horizontal height is connected to a separately set airflow rising channel 4, which is set vertically upward. The airflow rising channel 4 is arranged inside the sail body 100, and the outlet of the airflow rising channel 4 is connected to the exhaust hole 3, which is arranged above the end plate 1. The airflow rising channels 4 of each air intake hole 3 do not interfere with each other and are independent of each other.

[0039] Since the height of the sail 100 is usually tens of meters, there is a large height difference between the air intake hole 3 and the exhaust hole 5, and the air pressure at the exhaust hole 5 is lower than the air pressure at the air intake hole 3. Under the action of the natural air pressure difference, the air below is sucked in through the air intake hole 3, rises to the exhaust hole 5 through the air flow rising channel 4, and is discharged through the exhaust hole 5. This embodiment has high requirements on the height size of the sail 100, the size of the air flow rising channel 4, and the size and arrangement of the air intake hole 3 and the exhaust hole 5. The principle is simple, no additional power is consumed, and airflow suction is achieved only by utilizing the natural pressure difference between the air intake hole 3 and the exhaust hole 5, thereby increasing the lift between the convex surface 101 of the sail and the concave surface 102 of the sail, and increasing the propulsion effect of the sail blade.

[0040] Preferred embodiment 2

[0041] like Figure 8As shown: In order to enhance the airflow rising effect of the airflow rising channel 4, the air intake holes 3 distributed at each horizontal height on the sail body 100 are connected to an airflow rising channel 4 through an airflow channel 4 inclined upward, and the air intake holes 3 at each horizontal height are connected to the same airflow rising channel 4. The diameter of the airflow rising channel 4 is larger than the diameter of the air intake holes 3. The airflow rising channels 4 connected to the air intake holes 3 at different heights do not interfere with each other. The airflow rising channel 4 is connected to the exhaust hole 5 at the end plate 1 to discharge the airflow. With this arrangement of the airflow rising channel, the diameter of the airflow rising channel 4 is larger than the diameter of the air intake holes 3, which can greatly reduce the rising resistance of the airflow along the airflow rising channel 3, thereby ensuring the effect of increasing the airflow velocity on the convex surface 101 of the sail body, enhancing the lift of the sail, and ensuring the real thrust effect of the sail. Although the specific implementation method has changed, this implementation method still has relatively high requirements on the height size of the sail body 100, the size of the airflow rising channel 4, and the size and arrangement of the air intake hole 3 and the exhaust hole 5. The principle is simple and does not consume extra electric energy. It is still necessary to achieve airflow suction by utilizing the natural pressure difference between the air intake hole 3 and the exhaust hole 5, thereby increasing the lift between the convex surface 101 of the sail body and the concave surface 102 of the sail body, thereby increasing the propulsion effect of the sail blade.

[0042] Preferred embodiment three

[0043] like Figure 9-11 As shown: each air intake hole 3 distributed at a horizontal height on the sail body 100 is connected to an exhaust port 5 at the end plate 1 through an upwardly inclined air flow rising channel 4 to discharge the air flow.

[0044] An exhaust port 5 is provided at the end plate 1 of the sail body 100, and a conical fan equipment room 8 is provided inside the sail body 100 at the top of the airflow ascending channel 4. The fan equipment room 8 is used to place the exhaust fan 7. The exhaust fan 7 is installed in the fan equipment room 8 and fixed inside the sail body 100. An exhaust grille 6 is installed above the exhaust fan 7. The exhaust grille 6 can prevent foreign matter from entering the exhaust fan 7 and prevent the exhaust fan 7 from affecting its operation.

[0045] When the exhaust fan 7 is turned on to draw air, airflows at different heights enter the airflow rising channel 4 through the air intake hole 3 and are discharged to the top of the end plate 1 through the exhaust port 5. The forced inhalation of airflow does not require overcoming the resistance to airflow rising, which is beneficial to the height dimension of the sail body 100, the dimension of the airflow rising channel 4, the dimension and arrangement design of the air intake hole 3 and the exhaust hole 5. Although the exhaust fan 7 consumes a certain amount of electricity, it can significantly increase the lift between the convex surface 101 of the sail body and the concave surface 102 of the sail body, thereby significantly increasing the boost effect of the sail blade.

Claims

1. A new type of hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function, comprising a sail body (100); the sail body (100) is a cylindrical component; the characteristics are: The upper end surface of the tubular component of the sail body (100) is provided with an end plate (1); the side wall of the sail body (100) has a sail body convex surface (101) on one side and a sail body concave surface (102) on the other side, and the speed difference of the airflow passing through the sail body convex surface (101) and the sail body concave surface (102) generates a pressure difference; the sail body convex surface (101) is provided with an air intake hole (3) for increasing the airflow speed; the end plate (1) is provided with an exhaust hole (5); the airflow entering from the air intake hole (3) is discharged from the exhaust hole (5); the air intake holes (3) are arranged at intervals along the horizontal and vertical directions of the sail body convex surface (101), there are ≥1 exhaust holes (5), the exhaust holes (5) are connected to the air intake holes (3), and the end plate (1) is sealed and arranged on the upper end surface of the tubular component of the sail body (100).

2. The novel rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross section of the sail body (100) adopts a U-wing shape.

3. The new rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An air flow ascending channel (4) is provided between the air intake hole (3) and the air exhaust hole (5), which are connected to each other. The air flow ascending channel (4) is arranged inside the sail body (100).

4. The novel rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The number of the air intake holes (3) provided on the convex surface (101) of the sail body is the same as the number of the air exhaust holes (5) provided on the concave surface (102) of the sail body, and each air intake hole (3) is connected to the air exhaust hole (5) in a one-to-one correspondence through an independent air flow ascending channel (4); the number of the air flow ascending channels (4) is the same as the number of the air intake holes (3).

5. The new rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function according to claim 3 is characterized by: After the plurality of air intake holes (3) arranged on the convex surface (101) of the sail body are connected to each other, they are connected to an air exhaust hole (5) via an independent air flow ascending channel (4).

6. The new rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function according to claim 3 is characterized by: Only one exhaust hole (5) is provided on the end plate (1); all the air intake holes (3) are connected to the exhaust hole (5) via an independent air flow ascending channel (4).

7. The novel hard wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: An exhaust device (200) is arranged between the exhaust hole (5) arranged on the end plate (1) and the airflow ascending channel (4), comprising: an exhaust fan (7); the exhaust fan (7) is arranged in a fan equipment room (8) connecting the exhaust hole (5) and the airflow ascending channel (4).

8. The novel rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function according to claim 7 is characterized in that: An exhaust grille (6) is provided on the exhaust hole (5) to prevent foreign matter from entering the exhaust hole (5).

9. The novel rigid wing-shaped sail with airflow suction function according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The fan equipment room (8) is in the shape of an inverted cone.

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