Non-catalytic conversion POX converter for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas

Abstract

The utility model discloses a non-catalytic conversion POX reformer for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas, which comprises a reformer body which is internally divided into a conversion reaction chamber and a cooling, washing and purifying chamber; a biomass crude synthesis gas inlet and an oxygen inlet are formed in the top of the converter body, and biomass crude synthesis gas entering from the biomass crude synthesis gas inlet and oxygen entering from the oxygen inlet are combusted and converted in the conversion reaction chamber; the chilling channel is arranged between the conversion reaction chamber and the cooling, washing and purifying chamber; the biomass synthesis gas subjected to combustion conversion is washed and cooled through the chilling channel to form purified synthesis gas and molten and liquefied fly ash, and the purified synthesis gas and the molten and liquefied fly ash enter the cooling, washing and purifying chamber; the purified synthesis gas outlet is formed in the upper part of the cooling, washing and purifying chamber; and the slag discharging opening is formed in the lower part of the converter body and is communicated with the slag pool. According to the utility model, conversion and purification are integrated, and the biomass gasification efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of converters, in particular to a non-catalytic conversion POX converter for processing biomass gasification synthesis gas. Background Art

[0002] As human civilization develops rapidly, it is accompanied by a sharp consumption of energy. A large amount of carbon dioxide is produced by burning fossil energy. Excluding the part used by plants in photosynthesis and absorbed by the ocean, nearly half of the carbon dioxide is still in the atmosphere. The residual carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is considered to be one of the main contributors to greenhouse gases, leading to ecological problems such as global warming. Seeking renewable clean energy to replace traditional energy is one of the feasible solutions to solve the ecological crisis and energy supply problems. As a clean energy, biomass energy has attracted great attention due to its photosynthesis renewability and low cost.

[0003] At present, many countries are committed to developing biomass energy utilization technologies, such as combustion, gasification, liquefaction, and hydrogen production. Among these biomass energy utilization technologies, biomass gasification converts solid fuels into combustible gases, which conforms to the characteristics of China's dispersed distribution of biomass resources and has a strong adaptability to small and medium-sized centralized gas supply, heating and power generation. The synthetic gas produced by biomass gasification is more efficient and cleaner than direct combustion of biomass.

[0004] However, judging from the application and development status of biomass gasification technology, the gasification process will inevitably produce impurities such as tar and fly ash. At the same time, the residual methane concentration in the synthesis gas from biomass gasification is also relatively high, which not only reduces the gasification efficiency, but also easily causes wear, corrosion, and blockage of boilers, pipelines or valves, affecting the safety and stable operation of the biomass gasification system. This is the main bottleneck restricting the development of biomass gasification technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a non-catalytic conversion POX converter for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas in order to address the problem that the presence of methane, tar and fly ash in the existing biomass gasification synthesis gas causes wear, corrosion, blockage and other hazards to boilers, pipelines or valves. The non-catalytic conversion POX converter can burn and treat the methane in the biomass gasification synthesis gas and clean the tar and fly ash in the biomass gasification synthesis gas to form clean biomass gasification synthesis gas.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A non-catalytic POX reformer for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas, comprising:

[0008] A converter body, wherein the converter body is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber is a conversion reaction chamber, and the lower chamber is a cooling, washing and purification chamber; a biomass crude synthesis gas inlet and an oxygen inlet are arranged on the top of the converter body, and the biomass crude synthesis gas entering through the biomass crude synthesis gas inlet and the oxygen entering through the oxygen inlet are burned and converted in the conversion reaction chamber;

[0009] A quenching channel is provided between the conversion reaction chamber and the cooling, washing and purification chamber, through which the biomass synthesis gas after combustion conversion is washed and cooled to form purified synthesis gas and molten liquefied fly ash which enters the cooling, washing and purification chamber;

[0010] A purified synthesis gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the cooling, washing and purification chamber, and a slag pool is arranged at the lower part;

[0011] A slag discharge port is arranged at the lower part of the converter body, and the slag discharge port is communicated with the slag pool.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the quenching channel is composed of a quenching ring and a downcomer, wherein the quenching ring is arranged between the conversion reaction chamber and the cooling, washing and purification chamber, the upper end of the downcomer is connected to the quenching ring, and the lower end extends downward in the cooling, washing and purification chamber.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet position of the lower end of the downcomer is lower than the outlet position of the purified synthesis gas.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the quenching ring is connected to a cooling water source through a cooling water inlet pipe, and the cooling water from the cooling water inlet pipe is sprayed out crosswise in the quenching ring.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the quenching ring is a double-layer structure, divided into an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring is connected to the cooling water inlet pipe, and at least one water spray hole is provided on the inner ring and the outer ring.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring is 1-2 mm.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a serrated edge structure is provided at the outlet edge of the lower end of the downcomer to form a water curtain.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The non-catalytic conversion POX converter of the utility model can purify the impurities such as tar and fly ash brought by biomass gasification while converting the methane in the raw synthesis gas from biomass gasification in the non-catalytic partial oxidation POX converter, thereby solving various problems such as corrosion, scouring and scaling of subsequent equipment of biomass gasification in the current process.

[0020] 2. The non-catalytic conversion POX converter of the utility model is adopted, and the crude synthesis gas from biomass gasification directly enters the non-catalytic partial oxidation POX converter, and is burned and heated with oxygen in the non-catalytic partial oxidation POX converter. In the non-catalytic partial oxidation POX converter, the methane in the crude synthesis gas from biomass gasification is also converted into effective gases such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which not only processes the tar in the crude synthesis gas from biomass gasification but also improves the biomass gasification efficiency.

[0021] 3. The non-catalytic conversion POX converter of the utility model forms a liquid film on the lower shell, thereby extending the service life of the lower metal shell and internal parts of the non-catalytic conversion POX converter.

[0022] 4. When the non-catalytic conversion POX converter of the utility model is adopted, since the temperature in the non-catalytic conversion POX converter is higher than the melting point of the fly ash in the raw synthesis gas from biomass gasification, the fly ash will undergo melting, liquefaction and polymerization in the non-catalytic conversion POX converter. At the same time, a quenching channel is specifically arranged at the bottom of the non-catalytic conversion POX converter, which can wash and cool the synthesis gas at the bottom of the non-catalytic conversion POX converter, and wash the fly ash after melting, liquefaction and polymerization in the raw synthesis gas from biomass gasification into the slag pool of the quenching channel.

[0023] 5. The non-catalytic conversion POX converter of the utility model has a specially arranged quenching channel at the bottom of the non-catalytic conversion POX converter, which can wash the gas at the bottom of the non-catalytic conversion POX converter and controllably cool it down. The high-temperature synthesis gas at the bottom of the non-catalytic conversion POX converter passes through the specially designed quenching channel, and the temperature is only slightly reduced. The heat of the synthesis gas can continue to be recovered through the applicant's patented waste boiler (high-temperature vertical coil waste heat boiler ZL201110084786.X) to produce various grades of steam.

[0024] 6. The non-catalytic conversion POX converter of the utility model can replace the crude synthesis gas purification process and device after biomass gasification, integrate the conversion and purification, reduce the floor space of the biomass gasification device, reduce the investment in the biomass gasification device, and improve the biomass gasification efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the non-catalytic conversion POX converter of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quenching channel in the non-catalytic conversion POX converter of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of point I. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementations.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 3 The non-catalytic POX converter for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas described in the figure includes: a converter body 100, which includes a furnace shell 110 and a refractory lining 120 arranged in the furnace shell 110.

[0030] The chamber in the reforming furnace body 100 , that is, surrounded by the refractory lining 120 , is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The upper chamber is a reforming reaction chamber 130 , and the lower chamber is a cooling, washing and purification chamber 140 .

[0031] A biomass crude synthesis gas inlet 160 and an oxygen inlet 170 are provided at the top of the reformer body 100. Nozzles are provided on the biomass crude synthesis gas inlet 160 and the oxygen inlet 170. The biomass crude synthesis gas entering through the biomass crude synthesis gas inlet 160 and the oxygen entering through the oxygen inlet 170 are burned and converted in the reforming reaction chamber 130. The pressure in the reforming reaction chamber 130 is controlled at -5Kpa to 60bar(g), and the temperature is 1100°C to 1400°C. Under this pressure and temperature, the tar in the biomass crude synthesis gas undergoes a cracking reaction to generate effective gas H 2 and CO. Methane undergoes a conversion reaction, and also generates effective gas H 2 and CO, which improves the biomass gasification efficiency. At the same time, the fly ash in the biomass raw synthesis gas undergoes a melt-liquefaction polymerization reaction at a temperature of 1100℃~1400℃, and the volume and mass of the fly ash increase.

[0032] The combustion-converted synthesis gas coming out of the upper conversion reaction chamber 130 is cooled through a quenching channel 200 to form a purified synthesis gas and the molten and liquefied fly ash enters the lower cooling, washing and purification chamber 140.

[0033] The quenching channel 200 is composed of a quenching ring 210 and a down pipe 220, and the quenching ring 210 and the down pipe 220 are made of stainless steel or high-temperature resistant nickel-based materials; wherein the quenching ring 210 is arranged between the conversion reaction chamber 130 and the cooling, washing and purification chamber 140, and the upper end of the down pipe 220 is connected to the quenching ring 210, and the lower end extends downward in the cooling, washing and purification chamber 140.

[0034] The quenching ring 210 is connected to the cooling water source through the cooling water inlet pipe 230. The cooling water from the cooling water inlet pipe 230 is cross-sprayed out in the quenching ring 210. A part of it directly contacts the synthesis gas after combustion conversion to cool the synthesis gas after combustion conversion to 600°C~900°C, and the other part flows downward along the wall of the downcomer 220 to form a liquid film. By controlling the cooling water volume, cooling water spraying method and angle, and the length of the downcomer 220, the cooling temperature of the medium can be controlled to prepare for the subsequent heat recovery system.

[0035] The quench ring 210 is a double-layer structure, divided into an inner ring 211 and an outer ring 212. The inner ring 211 is connected to the cooling water inlet pipe 230. 4 to 10 water spray holes 211a with a diameter of 5 to 20 mm are evenly arranged on the inner ring 211, and 5 to 30 water spray holes 212a with a diameter of 5 to 20 mm are evenly arranged on the outer ring 212. The gap between the inner ring 211 and the outer ring 212 is 1 to 2 mm.

[0036] The quenching ring 210 in the utility model is used in conjunction with the downcomer 220 to form a stable liquid film. A serrated edge structure 221 is provided at the outlet edge of the lower end of the downcomer 220 to form a water curtain, so that the cooled purified synthesis gas and other effective gas components can pass through the water curtain and go out from the purified synthesis gas outlet 150.

[0037] According to different cooling water amounts, the diameter, angle and number of the water spray pipes on the quenching ring 210, and the length of the downcomer 220, the synthesis gas after combustion conversion can be cooled to different temperature levels as needed.

[0038] The cooling, washing and purification chamber 140 also includes a furnace shell 110, a refractory lining 120 disposed in the furnace shell 110, a purified synthesis gas outlet 150, a slag discharge port 191, a manhole 192 and a liquid level meter interface (not shown in the figure), and the purified synthesis gas outlet 150 is disposed at the upper part of the cooling, washing and purification chamber 140, and is located higher than the outlet position of the lower end of the downcomer 220. In addition, the manhole 192 penetrates the refractory lining 120 and is used to observe the situation of the conversion reaction chamber 110.

[0039] In this way, after the combustion and conversion of the syngas, the melted and liquefied fly ash increases in volume and mass and falls into the slag pool 141 below the cooling, washing and purification chamber 140. Since the slag discharge port 191 is connected to the slag pool 141, the melted and liquefied fly ash directly flows out from the slag pool 141 through the slag discharge port 191 located at the bottom of the non-catalytic conversion POX converter. The cooled and purified syngas flows from the purified syngas outlet 150 to the downstream waste heat boiler. At this time, the tar has been converted into H 2The fly ash has been washed and purified to eliminate the effective gases such as CO. To ensure the washing effect, the cooling washing and purification chamber 140 maintains a certain liquid level, which is detected by a liquid level meter installed on the liquid level meter interface.

Claims

1. A non-catalytic POX reformer for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas, characterized in that: include: A reformer body, wherein the reformer body is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber is a reforming reaction chamber, and the lower chamber is a cooling, washing and purification chamber; A biomass crude synthesis gas inlet and an oxygen inlet are arranged on the top of the reformer body, and the biomass crude synthesis gas entering through the biomass crude synthesis gas inlet and the oxygen entering through the oxygen inlet are burned and converted in the conversion reaction chamber; A quenching channel is arranged between the conversion reaction chamber and the cooling, washing and purification chamber, and the biomass synthesis gas after combustion conversion passes through the quenching channel for washing and cooling to form purified synthesis gas and molten liquefied fly ash to enter the cooling, washing and purification chamber; A purified synthesis gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the cooling, washing and purification chamber, and a slag pool is arranged at the lower part; A slag discharge port is arranged at the lower part of the converter body, and the slag discharge port is communicated with the slag pool.

2. The non-catalytic POX reformer for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quenching channel consists of a quenching ring and a downcomer, wherein the quenching ring is arranged between the conversion reaction chamber and the cooling, washing and purification chamber, the upper end of the downcomer is connected to the quenching ring, and the lower end extends downward in the cooling, washing and purification chamber.

3. The non-catalytic POX reformer for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outlet position of the lower end of the downcomer is lower than the outlet position of the purified synthesis gas.

4. The non-catalytic POX reformer for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The quenching ring is connected to a cooling water source through a cooling water inlet pipe, and the cooling water from the cooling water inlet pipe is sprayed out crosswise in the quenching ring.

5. The non-catalytic POX reformer for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The quenching ring is a double-layer structure, which is divided into an inner ring and an outer ring. The inner ring is connected to the cooling water inlet pipe, and at least one water spray hole is arranged on the inner ring and the outer ring.

6. The non-catalytic POX reformer for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gap between the inner ring and the outer ring is 1 to 2 mm.

7. A non-catalytic POX reformer for treating biomass gasification synthesis gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: A serrated edge structure is provided at the outlet edge of the lower end of the downcomer to form a water curtain.

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