Device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage, which comprises a sewage tank and a composite biological filter which are communicated through a water inlet pipe. The composite biological filter is sequentially provided with a primary water dispersing layer, a first functional layer, a secondary water dispersing layer, a second functional layer and a water collecting and draining layer from top to bottom, a primary water dispersing pipe is arranged in the primary water dispersing layer, a secondary water dispersing pipe is arranged in the secondary water dispersing layer, and a ventilation pipe and a water collecting and draining pipe are arranged in the water collecting and draining layer; the first functional layer and the second functional layer are both provided with filler, and the filler is one or two of gravel, zeolite and activated carbon. On the basis of the gravel, the zeolite and the activated carbon, the specific composite biological filter is formed through the ingenious design of the structure of the composite biological filter, and the composite biological filter has high removal efficiency on antibiotics and resistance genes in the domestic sewage and has important significance in the technical field of removal of the antibiotics and the resistance genes in the domestic sewage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage. Background Art

[0002] Antibiotics are widely used as common drugs or growth promoters. However, research results show that only a small part of the antibiotics that enter the human and animal bodies can be absorbed. About 75% to 90% of the drugs are excreted in the form of original drugs or their metabolites through feces or urine, and then discharged into the environment through domestic sewage. Researchers have detected antibiotics such as sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, etc. in various environmental media such as surface water, rivers, sewage treatment plant effluent, and even drinking water.

[0003] Antibiotics remaining in the environment can kill or inhibit the growth of certain microorganisms, destroy the ecological balance of microorganisms in the environment, and can also cause microorganisms in the environment to develop antibiotic resistance (Antibiotic resistance), leading to the emergence of super bacteria. In addition, antibiotics can also induce and accelerate the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (Antibiotic resistance genes, ARGs). ARGs can be transferred between different microbial populations through mobile genetic elements, thereby polluting the environment. The problem of antibiotic and resistance gene pollution has attracted widespread attention from the international community.

[0004] Traditional sewage treatment technologies are mostly designed for the removal of conventional pollutants such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in water bodies, but the removal effect of new pollutants such as antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes is not ideal. The removal of antibiotics and resistance genes in existing water treatment technologies is relatively simple, such as the electrochemical method (Chinese patent CN117401778A), which is considered to be able to deeply remove resistance genes in sewage. However, the preparation process of the three-dimensional particle electrode used in this method is relatively cumbersome. Although it has a good removal effect on some resistance genes, the removal effect on antibiotics is not clear; the hydrolysis method (CN116444002A) removes antibiotics from sewage, but the removal effect is relatively simple, and can only remove β-lactam antibiotics, and the operation process is relatively complicated. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a treatment device that has good removal effect on antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage, is easy to use, and is easy to manage. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage, and to provide a composite biological filter which is easy to construct, simple to operate and manage, and can efficiently remove antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in domestic sewage. It has the advantages of being able to simultaneously remove multiple antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes, having a simple structure, not prone to clogging, being easy to operate and manage, and having low investment costs, and can effectively solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage, comprising a sewage pool and a composite biological filter, the composite biological filter is connected to the sewage pool through a water inlet pipe, and is characterized in that the composite biological filter is provided with a primary water dispersion layer, a first functional layer, a secondary water dispersion layer, a second functional layer and a water collection and drainage layer from top to bottom, a primary water dispersion pipe is provided in the primary water dispersion layer, a secondary water dispersion pipe is provided in the secondary water dispersion layer, and a ventilation pipe and a water collection and drainage pipe are provided in the water collection and drainage layer;

[0007] The first functional layer and the second functional layer are both provided with fillers, and the fillers are one or two of sand, zeolite and activated carbon.

[0008] Preferably, a submersible sewage pump is provided at one end of the water inlet pipe located in the sewage pool, and the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected to a primary water dispersion pipe in a primary water dispersion layer. A time controller is provided on the submersible sewage pump to adjust the working time of the submersible sewage pump through the time controller.

[0009] Preferably, the primary water-scattering layer and the secondary water-scattering layer are composed of gravel with a particle size of 1 to 3 cm, and the height of the primary water-scattering layer and the secondary water-scattering layer is 10 to 15 cm; the particle size of the sand, zeolite, and activated carbon is 0.1 to 0.6 cm, and the height of the first functional layer and the second functional layer is 50 to 80 cm; the water collection and drainage layer is composed of gravel with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm, and the height of the water collection and drainage layer is 10 to 20 cm.

[0010] Preferably, the filler of the first functional layer consists of zeolite and sand and gravel, and the filler of the second functional layer consists of activated carbon and sand and gravel.

[0011] Preferably, a flow guide pipe is provided between the primary water dispersion layer and the secondary water dispersion layer.

[0012] Preferably, the primary water diffusion pipe, the secondary water diffusion pipe, the ventilation pipe and the water collection and drainage pipe are all perforated pipes; and the water collection and drainage pipe is provided with a solenoid valve.

[0013] Preferably, a medium-pressure fan is provided at one end of the ventilation pipe, and the ventilation time is controlled by a solenoid valve. The medium-pressure fan is located outside the composite biological filter, and the other end of the ventilation pipe crosses the water collection and drainage layer; an auxiliary ventilation pipe is provided in the vertical direction of the ventilation pipe, and the auxiliary ventilation pipe is connected to the ventilation pipe through a tee, and the auxiliary ventilation pipe passes through the second functional layer, the secondary water dispersion layer and the first functional layer in sequence.

[0014] Preferably, the body of the composite biofilter is a brick-concrete structure, and the bottom is treated for anti-seepage.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The utility model utilizes a double water dispersion layer design to increase the infiltration area of ​​the composite biofilter, and combined with the use of a flow guide pipe, reduces the risk of clogging of the composite biofilter;

[0017] (2) The combined use of sand, zeolite and activated carbon filter materials in the first and second functional layers of the utility model combines the physical and chemical properties and hydraulic properties of different filter materials to enhance the adsorption and interception of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants and antibiotics; the porous structure and large specific surface area of ​​zeolite and activated carbon are also very conducive to the attachment and growth of microorganisms, and thus to the degradation of pollutants. Therefore, using sand, zeolite and activated carbon as fillers in the composite biofilter can improve the system's purification effect on sewage;

[0018] (3) The utility model is directly used to treat domestic sewage. It not only has a high efficiency in removing new pollutants such as antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes, but also has a good purification effect on conventional pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and COD. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0020] Among them: 100, sewage pool, 200, composite biological filter, 1-1, water inlet pipe, 1-2, submersible sewage pump, 1, primary water dispersion layer, 11, primary water dispersion pipe, 2, first functional layer, 3, secondary water dispersion layer, 31, secondary water dispersion pipe, 4, second functional layer, 5, water collection and drainage layer, 51, ventilation pipe, 52, water collection and drainage pipe, 53, medium-pressure fan, 54, auxiliary ventilation pipe, 6, guide pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 The utility model provides a device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage, comprising a sewage pool 100 and a composite biological filter 200, wherein the composite biological filter 200 is connected to the sewage pool 100 through a water inlet pipe 1-1, and is characterized in that the composite biological filter 200 is provided with a primary water dispersion layer 1, a first functional layer 2, a secondary water dispersion layer 3, a second functional layer 4 and a water collection and drainage layer 5 in sequence from top to bottom, wherein a primary water dispersion pipe 11 is provided in the primary water dispersion layer 1, a secondary water dispersion pipe 31 is provided in the secondary water dispersion layer 3, and a ventilation pipe 51 and a water collection and drainage pipe 52 are provided in the water collection and drainage layer 5;

[0023] The first functional layer 2 and the second functional layer 4 are both provided with fillers, which are one or two of sand, zeolite, and activated carbon; the combination of various filter materials can give full play to the adsorption characteristics of different filter materials, so that the composite biological filter 200 has a strong adsorption and retention ability for different types of antibiotics, and promotes the biodegradation of antibiotics by microorganisms in the biofilm on the surface of the filter material.

[0024] The primary water dispersion layer 1 and the secondary water dispersion layer 3 have the function of dispersing sewage, so that the sewage is more evenly distributed on the surfaces of the first functional layer 2 and the second functional layer 4, respectively, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the composite biological filter 200.

[0025] Preferably, a submersible sewage pump 1-2 is provided at one end of the water inlet pipe 1-1 located in the sewage pool 100, and the other end of the water inlet pipe 1-1 is connected to the primary water dispersion pipe 11 in the primary water dispersion layer 1. A time controller is provided on the submersible sewage pump 1-2, and the working time of the submersible sewage pump 1-2 is adjusted by the time controller.

[0026] Preferably, the primary water-scattering layer 1 and the secondary water-scattering layer 3 are composed of gravel with a particle size of 1 to 3 cm, and the height of the primary water-scattering layer 1 and the secondary water-scattering layer 3 is 10 to 15 cm; the particle size of the sand, zeolite, and activated carbon is 0.1 to 0.6 cm, and the height of the first functional layer 2 and the second functional layer 4 is 50 to 80 cm; the water collection and drainage layer 5 is composed of gravel with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm, and the height of the water collection and drainage layer 5 is 10 to 20 cm.

[0027] Preferably, the filler of the first functional layer 2 is composed of zeolite and sand and gravel, and the filler of the second functional layer 4 is composed of activated carbon and sand and gravel.

[0028] Preferably, a flow guide pipe 6 is provided between the primary water dispersion layer 1 and the secondary water dispersion layer 3 .

[0029] Preferably, the primary water-spreading pipe 11 , the secondary water-spreading pipe 31 , the ventilation pipe 51 and the water-collecting and draining pipe 52 are all perforated pipes; and a solenoid valve is provided on the water-collecting and draining pipe 52 .

[0030] The guide pipe 6 is a sewage channel vertically connecting the primary water dispersion layer 1 and the secondary water dispersion layer 3, which can prevent and slow down the blockage of the filter material of the first functional layer 2 and increase the water seepage area of ​​the system; the primary water dispersion pipe 11 and the secondary water dispersion pipe 31 are perforated pipes that can evenly distribute the incoming water on the surface of the composite biological filter 200.

[0031] Preferably, a medium-pressure fan 53 is provided at one end of the ventilation pipe 51, and the ventilation time is controlled by a solenoid valve. The medium-pressure fan 53 is located on the outside of the composite biofilter 200, and the other end of the ventilation pipe 51 crosses the water collection and drainage layer 5; the ventilation pipe 51 is vertically provided with an auxiliary ventilation pipe 54, and the auxiliary ventilation pipe 54 is connected to the ventilation pipe 51 through a tee, and the auxiliary ventilation pipe 54 passes through the second functional layer 4, the secondary water dispersion layer 3 and the first functional layer 2 in sequence.

[0032] Air is provided to the second functional layer 4, the secondary water dispersion layer 3 and the fillers in the first functional layer 2 through the secondary ventilation pipe 54; the first functional layer 2 and the second functional layer 4 are arranged up and down, and combined with intermittent aeration, an aerobic / facultative / anaerobic environment can be created in the composite biofilter 200, which is suitable for the growth of microorganisms of different metabolic types, thereby promoting the removal effect of the composite biofilter 200 on multiple antibiotics.

[0033] Preferably, the body of the composite biofilter 200 is a brick-concrete structure, and the bottom is treated for anti-seepage; the brick-concrete structure body can provide stable support for the composite biofilter 200 and prevent sewage and water treated by the composite biofilter 200 from seeping out.

[0034] As a specific embodiment of the utility model:

[0035] When in use, the device runs 8 to 12 cycles a day, each cycle is 2 to 3 hours, and the water intake is 0.02 to 0.06 m 3 / m 2 , the system hydraulic load is 0.16~0.5m 3 / (m 2 ·d); Each cycle includes 15-20 minutes of water intake, 40-60 minutes of drainage, and 15-20 minutes of ventilation. Ventilation after the system is drained can reduce power consumption and system operating costs. The operating procedure is: the submersible sewage pump 1-2 intermittently pumps sewage from the sewage pool 100 into the primary water dispersion pipe 11 of the composite biological filter 200. Each water intake takes about 15-20 minutes. When the water is inlet, the sewage passes through the primary water dispersion layer 1, the first functional layer 2, the secondary water dispersion layer 3, and the second functional layer 4 in turn, and is finally collected and discharged through the water collection and drainage pipe 52 in the bottom water collection and drainage layer 5; 40-60 minutes after the water intake, the drainage is completed, the solenoid valve of the water collection and drainage pipe 52 is closed, and the medium-pressure fan 53 works for 15-20 minutes.

[0036] In actual application, the length, width and height of the composite biofilter 200 can be adjusted according to actual conditions. In the present embodiment, the length, width and height of the composite biofilter 200 are 1 m, 1 m and 1.2 m respectively. The composite biofilter 200 includes a primary water dispersion pipe 11, a primary water dispersion layer 1, a first functional layer 2, a secondary water dispersion pipe 31, a secondary water dispersion layer 3, a second functional layer 4, a ventilation pipe 51 and a water collection and drainage layer 5 from top to bottom. The thickness of the primary water dispersion layer 1 and the secondary water dispersion layer 3 are both 15 cm, the thickness of the first functional layer 2 and the second functional layer 4 are both 50 cm, and the thickness of the water collection and drainage layer 5 is 20 cm. The filler of the first functional layer 2 is composed of zeolite and gravel, and the filler of the second functional layer 4 is composed of activated carbon and gravel. When in use, the treated domestic sewage flows from the water inlet pipe 1-1 through the primary water dispersion layer 1, the first functional layer 2, the secondary water dispersion layer 3, the second functional layer 4 and the water collection and drainage layer 5 in sequence, and is finally discharged from the water collection and drainage pipe 52.

[0037] The specific ecological environment, strong adsorption and interception capabilities, and multi-level purification effects in the composite biofilter 200 significantly reduce the level of antibiotic resistance genes in sewage after treatment.

[0038] During the experiment, the composite biofilter 200 constructed in the above manner was treated with domestic sewage, and the hydraulic load was 0.4m 3 / (m 2 ·d) To study the removal effect of the composite biofilter 200 on antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage.

[0039] Table 1 Water quality and removal rate of inlet and outlet water in this embodiment

[0040]

[0041] Note: pH in Table 1 is dimensionless.

[0042] Table 2: Antibiotic removal in this embodiment

[0043]

[0044] Note: Macrolides, Fluroquinolones, Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim;

[0045] Table 3: Resistance gene removal in this example

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] From the above data, it can be seen that the concentrations of COD, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the treated domestic sewage are 90.15-120.34 mg / L, 2.32-4.73 mg / L, 26.72-43.92 mg / L and 28.39-46.67 mg / L respectively. The composite biofilter 200 has a good removal effect on COD and ammonia nitrogen in conventional pollutants. The COD and ammonia nitrogen concentrations in the effluent are 8.74-10.32 mg / L and 0.03-1.86 mg / L respectively, and the average removal rates are 88.18% and 99%.

[0049] During the experiment, the concentration of antibiotics in domestic sewage fluctuated greatly. The detection concentrations of four target antibiotics, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides and trimethoprim, were 397-9635 ng / L, 326-1119 ng / L, 13-1413 ng / L and 4-418 ng / L, respectively. After treatment by the composite biofilter 200, the concentrations of the four antibiotics in the effluent were ND-47 ng / L, ND-4.64 ng / L, 1.63-162 ng / L and ND-9 ng / L, respectively, and the average removal rates were 99.32%, 99.79%, 81.89% and 98.95%, respectively.

[0050] The concentrations of the four resistance genes, intl 1, sul1, cmlA and floR, in domestic sewage were 1.94×10 7 copies / mL, 2.54×10 8 copies / mL, 2.04×10 7 copies / mL and 1.36×10 7 copies / mL. After being treated by the composite biofilter 200, the contents of the four resistance genes in the effluent were 3.91×10 3 copies / mL, 2.09×10 4 copies / mL, 8.16×10 3 copies / mL, 4.89×10 3 copies / mL, the concentration level was reduced by 3 orders of magnitude, and the removal efficiency exceeded 99.9%.

[0051] The experimental results show that this patent has a high removal effect on both antibiotics and resistance genes.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage, comprising a sewage pool (100) and a composite biological filter (200), wherein the composite biological filter (200) is connected to the sewage pool (100) via a water inlet pipe (1-1), characterized in that: The composite biofilter (200) is provided with a primary water dispersion layer (1), a first functional layer (2), a secondary water dispersion layer (3), a second functional layer (4) and a water collection and drainage layer (5) in order from top to bottom; the primary water dispersion layer (1) is provided with a primary water dispersion pipe (11); the secondary water dispersion layer (3) is provided with a secondary water dispersion pipe (31); and the water collection and drainage layer (5) is provided with a ventilation pipe (51) and a water collection and drainage pipe (52); The first functional layer (2) and the second functional layer (4) are both provided with fillers.

2. The device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A submersible sewage pump (1-2) is provided at one end of the water inlet pipe (1-1) located in the sewage pool (100), and the other end of the water inlet pipe (1-1) is connected to a primary water dispersion pipe (11) in the primary water dispersion layer (1). A time controller is provided on the submersible sewage pump (1-2), and the working time of the submersible sewage pump (1-2) is adjusted by the time controller.

3. The device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary water dispersion layer (1) and the secondary water dispersion layer (3) are composed of crushed stones with a particle size of 1 to 3 cm, and the height of the primary water dispersion layer (1) and the secondary water dispersion layer (3) is 10 to 15 cm; the particle size of the filler is 0.1 to 0.6 cm, and the height of the first functional layer (2) and the second functional layer (4) is 50 to 80 cm; the water collection and drainage layer (5) is composed of crushed stones with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm, and the height of the water collection and drainage layer (5) is 10 to 20 cm.

4. The device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow guide pipe (6) is provided between the primary water dispersion layer (1) and the secondary water dispersion layer (3).

5. The device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary water dispersion pipe (11), the secondary water dispersion pipe (31), the ventilation pipe (51) and the water collection and drainage pipe (52) are all perforated pipes; and the water collection and drainage pipe (52) is provided with a solenoid valve.

6. The device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage according to claim 5, characterized in that: A medium-pressure fan (53) is provided at one end of the ventilation pipe (51), and the ventilation time of the medium-pressure fan (53) is controlled by a solenoid valve. The medium-pressure fan (53) is located outside the composite biofilter (200). The other end of the ventilation pipe (51) crosses the water collection and drainage layer (5). A secondary ventilation pipe (54) is provided in the vertical direction of the ventilation pipe (51). The secondary ventilation pipe (54) is connected to the ventilation pipe (51) through a tee. The secondary ventilation pipe (54) sequentially passes through the second functional layer (4), the secondary water dispersion layer (3), and the first functional layer (2).

7. The device for removing antibiotics and resistance genes in domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body of the composite biofilter (200) is a brick-concrete structure, and the bottom is treated for seepage prevention.

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