Solid waste treatment system comprising plasma gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace. The solid waste treatment system comprises a plasma gasification furnace and a gas-fired boiler, the plasma gasification furnace comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is sequentially provided with a material inlet, a gasification chamber and a molten glass body outlet from top to bottom in the gravity direction, and the gasification chamber is communicated with the material inlet and the molten glass body outlet; the furnace body is also provided with a synthesis gas outlet which is positioned between the material inlet and the molten glass body outlet and is close to the material inlet; the gas-fired boiler is provided with a combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is communicated with a synthesis gas outlet flue of the plasma gasification furnace. The solid waste treatment system provided by the utility model has the beneficial effects that the solid waste treatment system comprising the plasma gasification furnace and the gas-fired boiler is provided, solid waste can be treated in a high-efficiency and energy-saving harmless manner, and synthesis gas generated in the treatment process can be effectively utilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, and specifically relates to a solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace. Background Art

[0002] There are many methods for treating organic solid waste. Among them, the plasma gasification and melting treatment method has considerable advantages because of its high energy density, small equipment size, dioxin-free gas products, solid residue melting and vitrification, effective solidification of heavy metals to prevent them from seeping out, and no secondary pollution to the environment.

[0003] The plasma gasifier is the most important equipment in the entire melting gasification system. The existing technology generally adopts an insulated furnace body or a furnace body lined with refractory bricks with a water-cooling jacket. The structures of these two furnace bodies are simple. For the furnace body lined with refractory bricks with a water-cooling jacket, on the one hand, its internal refractory bricks are subject to the influence of its thermal shock. On the other hand, the internal refractory bricks are eroded and washed by the glass liquid generated in the process of treating solid waste in the plasma gasifier, and the slag partly adheres to the surface of the refractory bricks, which will also cause chemical corrosion to them. Therefore, the life of the refractory bricks is relatively short. Generally, they need to be overhauled and partially replaced every 2 months, and all of them need to be replaced once a year, which is very costly. In addition, due to the large thermal inertia of the internal refractory bricks, a spare furnace is required, the initial investment cost is high, and it is a hot standby. The cold start time of the plasma gasifier is 2-3 days, and the operating cost is high. At the same time, the temperature of the outer wall of the furnace body is high, and the heat loss is large, which further increases the operating cost.

[0004] Chinese patent document 202122251624.9 discloses a plasma gasification furnace, which improves processing efficiency and energy utilization and reduces the power consumption of the plasma torch by recycling the high-temperature gas in the plasma melting furnace.

[0005] However, in this scheme, the method of recycling the high-temperature gas in the plasma melting furnace is to pass the high-temperature gas into a heat storage heat exchange system rather than directly utilizing it. This means that a separate heat storage heat exchange system needs to be set up to recycle the high-temperature gas, and the cost of recycling this part of the high-temperature gas is relatively high. Utility Model Content

[0006] 1. Technical problems to be solved:

[0007] In view of the problems in the prior art that the refractory brick furnace body has large heat dissipation losses, high energy consumption, frequent replacement of refractory bricks, high operating costs, and the synthesis gas and bottom ash generated by using a plasma gasification furnace to treat solid waste cannot be simply and effectively utilized, the present application provides a solid waste treatment system including a plasma gasification furnace, which can effectively utilize the synthesis gas generated in the solid waste treatment process and recover the heat lost in the solid waste treatment process.

[0008] 2. Technical solution

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, in a first aspect, the utility model provides a solid waste treatment system including a plasma gasification furnace, including a plasma gasification furnace and a gas boiler;

[0010] The plasma gasification furnace comprises a furnace body, which is provided with a material inlet, a gasification chamber and a molten glass outlet in sequence from top to bottom along the gravity direction, and the gasification chamber is connected with the material inlet and the molten glass outlet;

[0011] The furnace body includes a heat preservation structure and a water-cooled wall, and the water-cooled wall includes a water-cooling pipe, an annular inlet header and an annular outlet header; the water-cooling pipe is connected with the annular inlet header and the annular outlet header;

[0012] The furnace body is also provided with a synthesis gas outlet for discharging the synthesis gas generated in the gasification chamber, and the synthesis gas outlet is located between the material inlet and the molten glass outlet and close to the material inlet;

[0013] The gas boiler is provided with a combustion chamber which is communicated with the synthesis gas outlet.

[0014] The annular inlet header is used to distribute desalted water to the water-cooling tubes; the annular outlet header is used to collect the steam-water mixture in the water-cooling tubes.

[0015] The synthesis gas outlet discharges the synthesis gas generated by gasification of the solid waste materials and introduces it into the gas boiler through the flue for use as fuel.

[0016] The water cooling tube is one of an internally threaded tube and a smooth tube.

[0017] Preferably, the water cooling tube is an internally threaded tube, and an internal thread is provided on a surface of one side of the internally threaded tube close to the fluid channel.

[0018] The internally threaded pipe can enhance heat transfer, and the heat flux density of the plasma gasification furnace is large, so the use of the internally threaded pipe can avoid the deterioration of the heat transfer of the plasma gasification furnace. At the same time, compared with refractory bricks, this solution can recover the heat lost by the heat dissipation of the furnace body.

[0019] Preferably, the water-cooled wall comprises a plurality of water-cooling tubes, and adjacent water-cooling tubes are fixedly connected by flat steel welding.

[0020] Furthermore, the water-cooled wall is constructed as a rotating body, and the center line of the rotating body is the first straight line.

[0021] In the utility model, the water-cooled wall includes a plurality of water-cooling tubes or a single water-cooling tube. When the water-cooled wall includes a plurality of water-cooling tubes, the plurality of water-cooling tubes can all be vertically arranged relative to the first straight line, that is, there is no angle between each water-cooling tube and the first straight line, or all can be inclined relative to the first straight line, that is, there is an angle between each water-cooling tube and the first straight line, or partially inclined and partially vertically arranged; when the water-cooled wall includes a single water-cooling tube, the water-cooling tube is constructed as a spiral coil wound in multiple turns or a cavity wound in other forms.

[0022] If the water-cooled wall contains a water-cooling tube, the water-cooling tube is only provided with an inlet and an outlet and is constructed as a spiral coil with multiple turns or a cavity coiled in other forms. This type of water-cooling tube is relatively difficult to process and maintain, and the cost is high. At the same time, the length of the fluid channel inside the pipeline is too long, and the heat transfer is easily deteriorated. Forced circulation is generally used. Due to the high temperature of the steam and water, the circulation pump often fails, the operation is unstable, and the operating cost is high. When the water-cooled wall contains multiple water-cooling tubes, it is constructed into a tube row structure. The medium has a shorter flow rate than a single water-cooling tube. The desalted water inside adopts natural circulation, and no circulation pump is required, which saves electricity, has stable operation, and low cost. Therefore, it is the preferred technical solution for the water-cooled wall to contain multiple water-cooling tubes. In addition, the welding operation between the water-cooling tube and the flat steel is relatively simple, and the furnace body is easy to install.

[0023] Furthermore, the furnace body is also provided with a gas nozzle penetrating the furnace body, which is used to inject a pure oxygen / steam mixed gas into the gasification chamber.

[0024] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace also includes a heat source plasma torch, which is arranged on the furnace body.

[0025] The heat source plasma torch provides heat for the plasma gasification furnace, thereby achieving drying, pyrolysis, gasification and melting of solid waste materials.

[0026] Furthermore, the furnace body is also provided with a heat source plasma torch installation opening which passes through the furnace body and is used for installing the heat source plasma torch.

[0027] Furthermore, the furnace body is also provided with a temperature measuring hole for observing the temperature in the gasification chamber.

[0028] Furthermore, the furnace body includes a contraction portion that gradually contracts along the direction of gravity, close to the outlet of the molten glass body; the temperature measuring hole, the gas nozzle, and the heat source plasma torch installation port are opened on the contraction portion in sequence from top to bottom; and a temperature detection device is provided in the vaporization chamber corresponding to the contraction portion.

[0029] Furthermore, the constriction is configured as a part of a cone.

[0030] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace also includes a secondary wind box, which is close to the middle of the furnace body.

[0031] The gas nozzle and the secondary air box are both set up to provide more oxygen to make the gasification more complete.

[0032] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace is a central support structure, including a support beam, located between the material inlet and the secondary wind box.

[0033] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace also includes a quenching ring located above and close to the outlet of the molten glass body.

[0034] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace also includes a water-cooled slag remover located below the quenching ring.

[0035] The molten glass flows out from the bottom of the furnace, and is quenched into fine glass particles by high-pressure water in the quenching ring. The particles are then transported out by a water-cooled slag scraper to be used as building materials or artworks.

[0036] By adopting the above technical scheme, during the operation of the plasma gasification furnace in the utility model, solid waste materials are put into the gasification chamber for processing, which requires a large amount of heat for gasification and melting. In the traditional refractory brick structure furnace body, the furnace body surface temperature is high, and the heat dissipation loss will be very large, which is not only wasteful but also affects the surrounding environment. However, in the utility model, the desalted water in the water-cooled wall absorbs this part of the heat, the heat dissipation loss is very small, and saturated steam is generated, which is introduced into the gas boiler, and after being overheated by the heater, it is merged into the steam pipe network to realize the recovery of the heat lost by the furnace body.

[0037] Furthermore, the gas boiler comprises a burner, and the burner load is adjustable within the range of 30%-110%.

[0038] The burner is a low-nitrogen burner, which refers to a burner that can reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides during the combustion process of fuel. The use of a low-nitrogen burner can reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides during the combustion process.

[0039] The burner load of the gas boiler is adjustable within the range of 30%-110%. The amount and presence of synthesis gas does not affect the normal operation of the gas boiler. The synthesis gas is only used as a supplementary fuel and is directly introduced into the furnace. There is no need to set up a separate burner for this part of the gas, nor is there a need to set up a special heat storage heat exchange system to store this part of the energy.

[0040] Furthermore, the solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasification furnace further includes a dust removal device disposed between the syngas outlet and the combustion chamber;

[0041] Furthermore, the dust removal device is connected to the synthesis gas outlet and the combustion chamber.

[0042] Furthermore, the dust removal device is a high-temperature ceramic multi-tube dust collector that captures ash with a particle size greater than or equal to 5 μm in the airflow.

[0043] After the high-temperature ceramic multi-tube dust collector captures ash above 5μm in the airflow, the ash content in the synthesis gas is very low, and the pollution to the heating surface of the gas boiler is relatively slight.

[0044] Furthermore, the solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasification furnace further includes a tar removal device disposed between the dust removal device and the combustion chamber;

[0045] Furthermore, the tar removal device is arranged at the connecting flue between the dust removal device and the combustion chamber.

[0046] The tar removal device is a plasma torch.

[0047] Before entering the gas boiler, the plasma torch reforms the synthesis gas to reduce the presence of tar and other macromolecular substances, allowing the synthesis gas to be completely and quickly burned out in the gas boiler, avoiding the synthesis gas from contaminating the heating surface during the combustion process and affecting heat exchange.

[0048] Furthermore, the gas boiler also includes a flue gas purification system, which is used to purify the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber.

[0049] The flue gas generated by the combustion of syngas in the gas boiler is removed by the subsequent flue gas purification system and then discharged after meeting the standards. In this way, not only the harmful substances in the syngas are removed, but also the consumption of natural gas in the gas boiler is saved, and the energy utilization of plasma furnace melting gasification coupled with power generation is realized.

[0050] Further, the solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasification furnace also includes a demineralized water supply system;

[0051] The gas boiler also includes a gas boiler economizer, a superheater, a boiler drum and a desuperheater; the inlet of the gas boiler economizer is connected to the desalted water feed system; the gas boiler economizer, the boiler drum and the superheater are connected in sequence, and the desuperheater is connected to the desalted water feed system and the superheater; the outlet of the superheater is externally connected to the steam network.

[0052] The economizer of a gas boiler is used to heat desalted water. The heated desalted water enters the boiler drum through a pipeline, and the saturated steam generated in the boiler drum is then led to the superheater for overheating.

[0053] Furthermore, the superheater outlet header is connected to the steam network.

[0054] Furthermore, the plasma gasification furnace also includes a gasification furnace drum.

[0055] Furthermore, the water supply system includes a desalted water tank, a water supply pump and a water supply regulating valve, and the water supply system is used to supply water to the plasma gasification furnace, the gas boiler economizer and the desuperheater.

[0056] Furthermore, one water supply pump is used as a backup and the other as a standby. One water supply pipeline is connected to the gasification furnace drum; the other water supply pipeline is connected to the economizer of the gas boiler, and at the same time, one water supply pipeline is connected to the desuperheater of the gas boiler.

[0057] Furthermore, the gas boiler economizer includes an economizer inlet header, an economizer heating surface, an economizer outlet header and an economizer pipeline.

[0058] Furthermore, the superheater includes a superheater inlet header, a superheater heating surface, a superheater outlet header and a superheater pipeline.

[0059] Further, the superheater outlet is connected to the gas nozzle to guide a portion of the gasification agent steam in the superheater to the plasma gasification furnace.

[0060] Further, the superheater outlet header is connected to the gas nozzle.

[0061] In this way, part of the heat generated by the plasma gasifier is reused by the plasma gasifier in the form of steam.

[0062] Furthermore, the solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasification furnace also includes a cooling water pipeline, which is connected to the desuperheater between the superheaters. The cooling water pipeline is used to adjust the steam outlet temperature of the gas boiler so that the steam can meet the use requirements of the steam network.

[0063] Furthermore, the number of stages of the superheater is two, and the desuperheater is located between the two stages of superheaters.

[0064] 3. Beneficial effects

[0065] The beneficial effects of the utility model are: providing a solid waste treatment system containing a plasma gasification furnace and a gas boiler, and being able to effectively utilize the synthesis gas generated during the solid waste treatment process, reducing heat dissipation losses and lowering energy consumption.

[0066] Specifically, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0067] (1) First, the utility model improves the traditional gasification furnace lined with refractory bricks and replaces it with a water-cooled wall. The ash slag formed after the material is gasified hangs on the inner wall of the water-cooled wall, forming a dense slag layer to protect the metal of the inner wall, forming the characteristic of slag resisting slag. Since the friction between the regenerated slag and the dense slag layer is less than its own gravity, the regenerated slag cannot form a thicker slag layer, but will flow downward under its own gravity and fall to the bottom of the furnace body. It is quenched into fine glass by high-pressure water. If the solid waste contains heavy metals, it will be encapsulated in the oxygen-silicon lattice of the glass and cannot seep out. As a general solid waste, the glass can be used as a building material or a raw material for artworks. The utility model avoids the scouring and corrosion of slag on refractory bricks in the prior art, and reduces the maintenance difficulty and cost of the device.

[0068] (2) Secondly, the plasma gasification furnace in the utility model has fast start and stop, and consumes less heat. The utility model only lays a layer of refractory castable near the slag mouth of the slag pool to protect the heat exchange surface of the water-cooled wall at this location. Because the temperature at this location is very high and there is a lot of molten material, it is difficult for slag to hang on the surface of the water-cooled pipe, thus losing protection. If the heated surface directly contacts the molten material, it will be severely corroded. Therefore, refractory castable is laid. The refractory castable of this part still needs to be replaced regularly, but because the number is very small and under the cooling effect of the water-cooled wall, the service life of this part of the refractory castable is relatively extended and does not need to be replaced frequently.

[0069] (3) Furthermore, when the water-cooling tube of the present invention is an internally threaded tube, it can enhance heat transfer and prevent overburning compared to a plain tube. The reasons are as follows: first, the formation of the thread groove causes the fluid in the tube to form a vortex, thereby enhancing the heat transfer capacity under turbulent conditions; second, due to the presence of the thread groove, the tube surface becomes rough, destroying the boundary layer of the fluid and significantly improving convective heat transfer; third, due to the uniform thread groove, the heat transfer surface area of ​​the water-cooling tube can be greatly increased.

[0070] (4) Furthermore, the solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasifier of the utility model uses pure oxygen for gasification. The synthesis gas produced by the plasma gasifier is small in volume and high in calorific value. After the dust is removed by the high-temperature ceramic multi-tube dust collector, it is further reformed by the plasma torch to eliminate tar and directly enters the gas boiler as supplementary fuel. The high temperature in the combustion chamber of the gas boiler can also burn harmful substances in the synthesis gas. At the same time, since the halogen content of the plasma furnace inlet material is controlled, the corrosion of the synthesis gas and the flue gas after incineration to the gas boiler is minimized. In short, the technical solution of the utility model not only effectively utilizes the synthesis gas produced by solid waste gasification, but also minimizes its corrosion to the heating surface of the gas boiler and pollution to the air environment.

[0071] (5) Furthermore, in the solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasifier of the present invention, desalted water is supplied to the plasma gasifier and the gas boiler via a water supply pump, and most of the heat dissipated by the furnace body of the plasma gasifier is recovered, part of the generated steam is used for power generation, and the other part enters the plasma gasifier as a gasifying agent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application, so that other features, purposes and advantages of this application become more obvious. The illustrative embodiment drawings and their descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application.

[0073] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic and that the components and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0074] In the attached picture:

[0075] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the plasma gasification furnace in Example 1;

[0076] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The AA section view in the figure mainly shows the water-cooled wall and other structures;

[0077] Among them, the red figure represents the installation port of the heat source plasma torch, the green figure represents the gas nozzle, the yellow figure represents the temperature detection device, and the blue figure represents the temperature measuring hole.

[0078] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a solid waste treatment system including a plasma gasification furnace in Example 1, mainly showing the process relationship between various devices;

[0079] The red lines and arrows indicate the solid waste treatment process, and the green lines and arrows indicate the synthesis gas utilization process;

[0080] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the steam-water flow of the plasma gasifier and the gas boiler in the solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasifier in Example 1.

[0081] Meaning of reference symbols

[0082] 1. A solid waste treatment system including a plasma gasification furnace;

[0083] 100, plasma gasification furnace; 110, furnace body; 111, material inlet; 112, gasification chamber; 113, molten glass outlet; 114, insulation structure; 115, water-cooled wall; 115a, water-cooled pipe; 115b, annular inlet header; 115c, annular outlet header; 116, synthesis gas outlet; 117, gas nozzle; 118, heat source plasma torch installation port; 119, temperature measuring hole; 120, heat source plasma torch; 130, temperature detection device; 140, secondary air box; 150, quenching ring; 160, water-cooled slag remover; 170, support beam; 180, gasification furnace drum;

[0084] 200, first straight line;

[0085] 300. Steam pipe network;

[0086] 400, gas boiler; 410, combustion chamber; 420, burner; 430, flue gas purification system; 440, gas boiler economizer; 441, economizer inlet header; 442, economizer heating surface; 443, economizer outlet header; 450, superheater; 451, superheater inlet header; 452, superheater heating surface; 453, superheater outlet header; 460, boiler drum; 470, desuperheater;

[0087] 500. Dust removal device;

[0088] 600. Tar removal device;

[0089] 700, water supply system; 701, water supply pump; 702, pressure gauge; 703, check valve; 704, stop valve; 705, thermocouple; 706, regulating valve; 707, electric regulating valve; 708, electric stop valve; 709, flow meter; 710, pressure reducing valve; 711, water tank;

[0090] 800. Cooling water pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0091] The present disclosure may be more easily understood by reference to the following description in conjunction with examples, all of which constitute a part of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the specific products, methods, conditions or parameters described and / or illustrated herein. Further, the terms used herein are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments by way of example and are not intended to be limiting unless otherwise indicated.

[0092] It should also be understood that, for the sake of clarity, certain features of the present disclosure may be described herein in the context of separate embodiments, but may also be provided in combination with each other in a single embodiment. That is, unless clearly incompatible or specifically not included, each separate embodiment is considered to be combinable with any other embodiment, and the combination is considered to represent another different embodiment. Conversely, for the sake of simplicity, the various features of the present disclosure described in the context of a single embodiment may also be provided individually or in any sub-combination. Finally, although a particular embodiment may be described as part of a series of steps or part of a more general structure, each step or substructure itself may also be considered to be an independent embodiment.

[0093] Unless otherwise indicated, it should be understood that each individual element in a list and each combination of individual elements in the list will be interpreted as a different embodiment. For example, a list of embodiments represented as "A, B, or C" should be interpreted to include embodiments "A", "B", "C", "A or B", "A or C", "B or C", or "A, B, or C".

[0094] In the present disclosure, the singular forms of the articles "a," "an," and "the" also include the corresponding plural references, and a reference to a specific value includes at least that specific value unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, a reference to "a substance" is a reference to at least one of that substance and equivalents thereof.

[0095] The terms including ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" can be used to explain various components or fluids, but these components and fluids are not limited by these terms. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure, these terms are only used to distinguish the component / fluid from another component / fluid.

[0096] When items are described by using the conjunction terms "... and / or...," etc., the description should be understood to include any one of the associated listed items and all combinations of one or more thereof.

[0097] In general, the use of the term "about" indicates an approximate value that can vary depending on the desired properties obtained by the disclosed subject matter, and will be interpreted in a context-dependent manner based on function. Therefore, one of ordinary skill in the art will be able to interpret a certain degree of difference on a case-by-case basis. In some cases, the number of significant figures used when expressing a particular value can be a representative technique for determining the difference allowed by the term "about". In other cases, a gradient in a range of values ​​can be used to determine the range of differences allowed by the term "about". Further, all ranges in this disclosure are inclusive and combinable, and reference to a value in a range includes each value within that range.

[0098] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein and / or include any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0099] In the following examples, if no specific conditions are specified, the experiments were carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used, if no manufacturer is specified, are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0100] The present application is further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the examples do not limit the present application in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present application are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the art. The essential characteristics and remarkable effects of the present application can be reflected in the following examples, and the described embodiments are a part of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments, and therefore, they do not limit the present application in any way, and those skilled in the art make some non-essential improvements and adjustments according to the content of the present application, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Specific embodiments

[0102] Example 1

[0103] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a solid waste treatment system 1 including a plasma gasification furnace, including a plasma gasification furnace 100, a gas boiler 400 and a water supply system 700; wherein the plasma gasification furnace 100 includes a furnace body 110, and the furnace body 110 is provided with a material inlet 111, a gasification chamber 112 and a molten glass outlet 113 in sequence from top to bottom along the gravity direction, and the gasification chamber 112 is connected to the material inlet 111 and the molten glass outlet 113;

[0104] The furnace body 110 includes a heat preservation structure 114 and a water-cooled wall 115. The heat preservation structure 114 is the outermost part of the furnace body 110 to prevent heat loss. The water-cooled wall includes a water-cooling pipe 115a, an annular inlet header 115b and an annular outlet header 115c. The water-cooling pipe 115a is connected to the annular inlet header 115b and the annular outlet header 115c. The annular inlet header 115b and the annular outlet header 115c are used to distribute desalted water and collect the steam-water mixture respectively.

[0105] The furnace body 110 is further provided with a syngas outlet 116 for discharging the syngas generated in the gasification chamber 112 . The syngas outlet 116 is located between the material inlet 111 and the molten glass outlet 113 and is close to the material inlet 111 .

[0106] The gas boiler 400 is provided with a combustion chamber 410 , which is in communication with the synthesis gas outlet 116 .

[0107] Specifically, in this embodiment, the water cooling tube 115a is an internally threaded tube, and the surface of the internally threaded tube close to the fluid channel is provided with internal threads. It should be noted that as an alternative to this embodiment, the water cooling tube 115a can also be a plain tube, and the water cooling tube 115a is an internally threaded tube as a preferred solution.

[0108] More specifically, the water-cooled wall 115 includes a plurality of water-cooled tubes 115a, and the adjacent water-cooled tubes 115a are fixedly connected by flat steel welding. As an alternative to the present embodiment, the water-cooled wall 115 may also include one water-cooled tube 115a. When the water-cooled wall 115 includes one water-cooled tube 115a, the water-cooled tube 115a is configured as a spiral coil wound in multiple turns or a cavity wound in other forms.

[0109] More specifically, the water-cooled wall 115 in this embodiment also includes an annular inlet header 115b and an annular outlet header 115c. The annular inlet header 115b is connected to the inlet of the water-cooling tube 115a for distributing water to each water-cooling tube 115a, and the annular outlet header 115c is connected to the outlet of the water-cooling tube 115a for collecting the steam and water in each water-cooling tube 115a.

[0110] More specifically, the water-cooled wall 115 is constructed as a body of revolution, and the center line of the body of revolution is the first straight line 200. In this embodiment, the water-cooled pipe 115a is an 8-head internally threaded pipe with a diameter of 51 mm, and the fixed connection between adjacent internally threaded pipes is by flat steel welding. The cross section of the welded water-cooled wall 115 in a direction perpendicular to the first straight line 200 is circular.

[0111] In this embodiment, all of the multiple water-cooling pipes 115 a are vertically arranged relative to the first straight line 200 , that is, there is no angle between each water-cooling pipe 115 a and the first straight line 200 .

[0112] It should be noted that, as an alternative to this embodiment, the multiple water-cooling pipes 115a may all be arranged at an angle, that is, there is an angle between each water-cooling pipe 115a and the first straight line 200, or some of the multiple water-cooling pipes 115a are arranged at an angle relative to the first straight line 200, and some are arranged vertically relative to the first straight line 200. The arrangement and fixing method of the water-cooling pipes 115a in this embodiment is relatively simple and practical in actual production, but does not constitute a limitation to the solution.

[0113] More specifically, the furnace body 110 is further provided with a gas nozzle 117 penetrating the furnace body 110 for injecting a pure oxygen / steam mixed gas into the furnace body 110. In this embodiment, the number of the gas nozzles 117 is 6 and they are evenly distributed around the furnace body 110.

[0114] More specifically, the plasma gasification furnace 100 further includes a heat source plasma torch 120, which is disposed on the furnace body 110. In this embodiment, there are three heat source plasma torches 120, which are evenly distributed around the furnace body 110, and the power source used is a DC power supply.

[0115] More specifically, the furnace body 110 is further provided with a heat source plasma torch installation opening 118 penetrating the furnace body 110 for installing the heat source plasma torch 120 . Accordingly, the number of the heat source plasma torch installation openings 118 in this embodiment is three.

[0116] More specifically, the furnace body 110 is further provided with temperature measuring holes 119 for observing the temperature in the gasification chamber 112. In this embodiment, the number of the temperature measuring holes 119 is two and they are distributed along the circumference of the furnace body 110.

[0117] More specifically, the furnace body 110 includes a contraction portion that gradually contracts along the gravity direction, close to the molten glass body outlet 113; a temperature measuring hole 119, a gas nozzle 117, and a heat source plasma torch installation port 118 are sequentially opened on the contraction portion from top to bottom; a temperature detection device 130 is provided in the gasification chamber 112 corresponding to the contraction portion. In this embodiment, the contraction portion is a part of a cone; and the temperature detection devices 130 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the furnace body 110.

[0118] More specifically, the plasma gasification furnace 100 further includes a secondary wind box 140 , which is located close to the middle of the furnace body 110 .

[0119] More specifically, the plasma gasification furnace 100 is a middle support structure, including a support beam 170 , which is located between the material inlet 111 and the secondary wind box 140 .

[0120] More specifically, the plasma gasification furnace 100 further includes a quenching ring 150, which is located above and close to the molten glass outlet 113. In this embodiment, the quenching ring 150 is fixedly connected to the furnace body 110. As another implementation of this embodiment, the quenching ring 150 and the furnace body 110 can also be detachably connected, and the detachable connection is the preferred connection mode.

[0121] More specifically, the plasma gasification furnace 100 is further equipped with a water-cooled slag remover 160, which is located below the quenching ring 150. The slag flows out from the bottom of the furnace body 110, and is quenched into fine glass particles by high-pressure water in the quenching ring 150, and then transported out by the water-cooled slag remover 160 for use as building materials or artwork raw materials.

[0122] More specifically, in this embodiment, a layer of refractory castable is laid near the contraction portion of the plasma gasification furnace 100 and the molten glass outlet 113 , the contraction portion is also called the slag pool of the plasma gasification furnace 100 , and the molten glass outlet 113 is also called the slag mouth of the plasma gasification furnace 100 .

[0123] It should be noted that:

[0124] In this embodiment, the internally threaded pipes used in the supercritical boiler can meet the use requirements of the utility model, and will not be described in detail here.

[0125] More specifically, the gas boiler 400 includes a burner 420 , and the load of the burner 420 is adjustable within a range of 30%-110%.

[0126] More specifically, the solid waste treatment system 1 including the plasma gasification furnace further includes a dust removal device 500 disposed between the syngas outlet 116 and the combustion chamber 410;

[0127] Furthermore, the dust removal device 500 is in communication with the synthesis gas outlet 116 and the combustion chamber 410 .

[0128] It is located between the synthesis gas outlet 116 and the combustion chamber 410 and is in communication with them. In this embodiment, the dust removal device 500 is a high temperature ceramic multi-tube dust collector, which captures ash particles with a diameter greater than or equal to 5 μm in the airflow.

[0129] More specifically, the solid waste treatment system 1 including the plasma gasification furnace further includes a tar removal device 600 disposed between the dust removal device 500 and the combustion chamber 410;

[0130] Furthermore, the tar removal device 600 is disposed at the connecting flue between the dust removal device 500 and the combustion chamber 410 .

[0131] In this embodiment, the tar removal device 600 is a plasma torch.

[0132] More specifically, the gas boiler 400 further includes a flue gas purification system 430 , which is used to purify the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 410 .

[0133] More specifically, the solid waste treatment system 1 including the plasma gasification furnace also includes a water supply system 700; the gas boiler 400 also includes a gas boiler economizer 440, a superheater 450, a boiler drum 460 and a desuperheater 470; the inlet of the gas boiler economizer 440 is connected to the desalted water supply system 700; the gas boiler economizer 440, the boiler drum 460 and the superheater 450 are connected in sequence, and the desuperheater 470 is connected to the desalted water supply system 700 and the superheater 450; the outlet of the superheater 450 is externally connected to the steam network 300.

[0134] The gas boiler economizer 440 is used to heat the desalted water, and the heated desalted water enters the boiler drum 460 through a pipeline. The saturated steam generated in the boiler drum 460 is then led to the superheater 450 for overheating.

[0135] More specifically, the plasma gasifier 100 further includes a gasifier drum 180 .

[0136] More specifically, the water supply system 700 includes a desalted water tank 711 , a water supply pump 701 and a water supply regulating valve. The water supply system 700 is used to supply water to the gasifier drum 180 , the gas boiler economizer 440 and the desuperheater 470 .

[0137] More specifically, see Attachment Figure 4 As shown, the water supply system 700 of the solid waste treatment system 1 including the plasma gasification furnace in this embodiment includes a desalted water tank 711, a water supply pump 701, a pressure gauge 702, a check valve 703, a stop valve 704, a thermocouple 705, a regulating valve 706, an electric regulating valve 707, an electric stop valve 708, a flow meter 709 and a pressure reducing valve 710. The positions of these components in the solid waste treatment system 1 including the plasma gasification furnace and the connection relationship with other components are shown in FIG. Figure 4 shown.

[0138] In this embodiment, the water supply pump 701 is used in a backup mode. One water supply pipeline is connected to the gasifier drum 180 ; the other water supply pipeline is connected to the gas boiler economizer 440 , and one water supply pipeline is connected to the desuperheater 470 .

[0139] The gas boiler economizer 440 includes an economizer inlet header 441, an economizer heating surface 442, an economizer outlet header 443 and an economizer pipeline. The economizer heating surface 442 is located between the economizer inlet header 441 and the economizer outlet header 443, and the economizer pipeline is located between the economizer outlet header 443 and the boiler drum 460.

[0140] More specifically, there are two stages of superheater 450. Each stage of superheater 450 includes a superheater inlet header 451, a superheater heating surface 452, a superheater outlet header 453 and a superheater pipe. The superheater heating surface 452 is located between the superheater inlet header 451 and the superheater outlet header 453. The superheater pipe is located between the two superheater headers or between the superheater header and the boiler drum 460. The superheater outlet header 453 is connected to the steam network 300.

[0141] More specifically, one water supply pipeline of the water supply system 700 is connected to the gasifier drum 180; the plasma gasifier 100 further includes a downcomer, one end of which is connected to the gasifier drum 180, and the connecting pipe of the annular inlet header 115b is connected to the other end of the downcomer of the plasma gasifier 100. The outlet of the annular inlet header 115b is connected to the inlet of the water cooling pipe 115a, which is used to distribute water to each water cooling pipe 115a; the annular outlet header 115c is used to collect the steam-water mixture in each water cooling pipe 115a and connect it to the gasifier drum 180 through a pipeline. The saturated steam separated from the gasifier drum 180 is sent to the superheater 450 of the gas boiler 400 through a pipeline for superheating.

[0142] More specifically, the superheater outlet header 453 is connected to the gas nozzle 117 to guide a portion of the gasification agent steam in the superheater 450 to the plasma gasification furnace 100 .

[0143] More specifically, the solid waste treatment system 1 including the plasma gasifier further includes a cooling water pipeline 800, which is connected to the cooler 470 between the two-stage superheater 450. The cooling water pipeline 800 is used to adjust the steam outlet temperature of the gas boiler 400 so that the steam can meet the use requirements of the steam network 300. The cooling water in the water cooling pipe 115a is desalted water.

[0144] In the solid waste treatment system 1 including a plasma gasification furnace of the present embodiment, for the solid waste treatment process, the plasma generated by the plasma torch is used to create a high-temperature environment, and pure oxygen and steam are introduced from the gas nozzle 117 as gasifying agents, so that the solid waste undergoes drying, pyrolysis, gasification and melting processes in different temperature zones from top to bottom. The gasified residue forms a molten glass body, which is rapidly cooled by the quenching ring 150 and finally enters the water-cooled slag remover 160 to be transported away.

[0145] The synthesis gas generated in the above process is discharged from the synthesis gas outlet 116 and passes through the dust removal device 500 and the tar removal device 600 in sequence to enter the combustion chamber 410 of the gas boiler 400.

[0146] The desalted water in the desalted water tank 711 enters the gasifier drum 180 through the water supply pump 701 and the water supply regulating valve, and is then distributed to the water cooling pipe 115a through the annular inlet header 115b. Most of the heat dissipated by the furnace body 110 is absorbed in the water cooling pipe 115a. The generated saturated steam and water are collected by the annular outlet header 115c, and then enter the gasifier drum 180 through the pipeline. The separated saturated steam enters the superheater 450 of the gas boiler 400, and after being superheated together with the steam of the gas boiler 400, it enters the superheater outlet header 453 for collection. The generated steam enters the steam network 300 and the gas nozzle 117 through the pipeline.

[0147] This embodiment also provides an application of the aforementioned solid waste treatment system 1 including a plasma gasification furnace, as follows:

[0148] The solid waste is treated using the solid waste treatment system 1 including the plasma gasification furnace, the generated synthesis gas is used as fuel and the heat lost by the furnace body 110 during the solid waste treatment process is recovered;

[0149] Among them, the methods for treating solid waste include solid waste drying, pyrolysis, gasification and melting;

[0150] Methods of utilizing syngas include cleaning the gas, burning the gas, flue gas treatment and producing steam;

[0151] Methods of recovering heat dissipation include heat recovery and heat utilization.

[0152] Specifically, the furnace body 110 uses a water-cooled wall 115, and the gas boiler 400 burns the synthesis gas.

[0153] Specifically, solid waste treatment includes the following steps:

[0154] The solid waste material is put into the gasification chamber 112 for drying, pyrolysis, gasification, and melting to produce synthesis gas and molten bottom ash.

[0155] More specifically, utilizing synthesis gas includes the following steps:

[0156] Purify gas: remove dust and tar from synthesis gas;

[0157] Combustion gas: The purified synthesis gas is introduced into the combustion chamber 410 as supplementary fuel to be burned to generate heat;

[0158] Flue gas treatment: Flue gas generated after combustion is passed into a flue gas purification system 430 for purification;

[0159] Steam production: Desalted water is heated in the furnace body 110 and the gas boiler 400 to produce superheated steam for power generation and to provide gasification agent for the plasma gasification furnace 100 .

[0160] More specifically, recovering heat includes the following steps:

[0161] Heat recovery: desalted water enters the water-cooled wall 115 of the plasma gasifier 100, absorbs the heat dissipated by the solid waste during gasification and melting, and the temperature rises, and is converted into saturated water and saturated steam;

[0162] Heat utilization: the saturated steam generated by the plasma gasification furnace 100 is introduced into the gas boiler 400 for overheating, and then merged into the steam pipe network 300, while the steam required for gasification is introduced from the gas nozzle 117 into the plasma gasification furnace 100 for utilization;

[0163] The heat for gasification and melting is provided by the heat source plasma torch 120 .

[0164] More specifically, the dust removal method in the purified gas is high-temperature multi-tube ceramic cyclone dust removal.

[0165] More specifically, the tar in the purified gas is removed by reforming the dedusted synthesis gas through a plasma torch to remove the tar.

[0166] More specifically, during the combustion of gas, the temperature in the combustion chamber 410 of the gas boiler 400 is not less than 1100°C.

[0167] More specifically, the desalted water in the desalted water tank 711 enters the gas boiler economizer 440 of the gas boiler 400 through the feed water pump 701 and the regulating valve to generate superheated steam. Part of the generated steam enters the steam pipe network 300 connected to the superheater 450, and part enters the gas nozzle 117 for use as a gasifying agent.

[0168] More specifically, when the plasma gasification furnace 100 is in a non-operating state, the power of the burner 420 is adjusted to adapt to the load and combustion conditions of the gas boiler 400 .

[0169] More specifically, when the plasma gasification furnace 100 is in a non-operating state, the water supply regulating valve in the water supply system 700 adjusts the water supply amount of the gas boiler 400 to adapt to the load condition of the gas boiler 400 .

[0170] The above are only preferred implementations of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace, characterized in that: It comprises a plasma gasification furnace (100) and a gas boiler (400); The plasma gasification furnace (100) comprises a furnace body (110), wherein the furnace body (110) is provided with a material inlet (111), a gasification chamber (112) and a molten glass outlet (113) in sequence from top to bottom along the gravity direction, and the gasification chamber (112) is connected to the material inlet (111) and the molten glass outlet (113); The furnace body (110) comprises a heat-insulating structure (114) and a water-cooled wall (115); the water-cooled wall (115) comprises a water-cooled pipe (115a), an annular inlet header (115b) and an annular outlet header (115c); the water-cooled pipe (115a) is connected to the annular inlet header (115b) and the annular outlet header (115c); The furnace body (110) is further provided with a synthesis gas outlet (116) for discharging the synthesis gas generated in the gasification chamber (112); the synthesis gas outlet (116) is located between the material inlet (111) and the molten glass body outlet (113) and is close to the material inlet (111); The gas boiler (400) is provided with a combustion chamber (410), and the combustion chamber (410) is in communication with the synthesis gas outlet (116).

2. The solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-cooled wall (115) comprises a plurality of water-cooled tubes (115a), and adjacent water-cooled tubes (115a) are fixedly connected by flat steel welding.

3. The solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasification furnace further includes a dust removal device (500) disposed between the synthesis gas outlet (116) and the combustion chamber (410); Furthermore, the dust removal device (500) is in communication with the synthesis gas outlet (116) and the combustion chamber (410).

4. The solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasification furnace further includes a tar removal device (600) disposed between the dust removal device (500) and the combustion chamber (410); Furthermore, the tar removal device (600) is disposed at the connecting flue between the dust removal device (500) and the combustion chamber (410).

5. The solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas boiler (400) further comprises a burner (420), and the load of the burner (420) is adjustable within the range of 30%-110%.

6. The solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas boiler (400) further comprises a flue gas purification system (430), wherein the flue gas purification system (430) is used to purify the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber (410).

7. The solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasification furnace further includes a water supply system (700); The gas boiler (400) further comprises a gas boiler economizer (440), a superheater (450), a boiler drum (460) and a desuperheater (470); The inlet of the gas boiler economizer (440) is connected to the demineralized water supply system (700); The gas boiler economizer (440), the boiler drum (460) and the superheater (450) are connected in sequence; The desuperheater (470) is connected to the desalted water supply system (700) and the superheater (450); The outlet of the superheater (450) is externally connected to the steam network (300).

8. The solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plasma gasification furnace (100) further comprises a gasification furnace drum (180); The water supply system (700) comprises a desalted water tank (711), a water supply pump (701) and a water supply regulating valve. The water supply system (700) is used to supply water to the gasifier drum (180), the gas boiler economizer (440) and the desuperheater (470).

9. The solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The furnace body (110) is further provided with a gas nozzle (117) penetrating the furnace body (110) for injecting a pure oxygen / steam mixed gas into the furnace body (110); The outlet of the superheater (450) is connected to the gas nozzle (117) to guide a portion of the gasification agent steam in the superheater (450) to the plasma gasification furnace (100).

10. The solid waste treatment system comprising a plasma gasification furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The solid waste treatment system including the plasma gasification furnace further includes a cooling water pipeline (800), and the cooling water pipeline (800) is connected to the cooler (470).

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