Water seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnel in water-rich area

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel water seepage and drainage, in particular to a water seepage and drainage structure suitable for a tunnel in a water-rich area, which comprises a collecting pipe, the collecting pipe is connected with a water seepage and drainage pipe, a water catchment section is arranged at one end of the water seepage and drainage pipe close to the collecting pipe, and a hollow section is arranged at the other end of the water seepage and drainage pipe. And a flow velocity and flow sensor is arranged on the seepage and drainage pipe. The problems that in a tunnel surrounding rock lining structure in a water-rich area, water drainage is prone to blockage, and the flow speed and flow of seepage and drainage water are not easy to measure can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel seepage and drainage, in particular to a seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas. Background Art

[0002] In rock formations with abundant groundwater or potential seepage channels, the seepage and drainage problem of tunnel surrounding rock is an important factor hindering tunnel construction and operation management, especially in areas with soft interlayers. Due to the particularity of engineering geology and hydrogeology, some tunnels pass through different rock formations, and the cracks in some rock formations are in a strongly developed state, resulting in the strong enrichment of surrounding groundwater in the tunnel surrounding rock and lining. Long-term alternation of seepage and drainage has led to the differentiated evolution of seepage channels in the surrounding rock, which in turn has led to low stability of the tunnel surrounding rock lining structure, and water discharge in the tunnel surrounding rock lining structure is prone to blockage. How to scientifically monitor key data such as flow velocity and flow rate of groundwater seepage and drainage in tunnel surrounding rock linings in water-rich areas has become a key issue that many people need to deal with urgently.

[0003] The existing tunnel drainage structures, such as Chinese patent CN202311585049.3, a tunnel water seepage detection device, include a water seepage infrared detector, guide rails, shockproof structures, vibration damping rods and other structural components. This detection device can locate and detect whether there is water seepage in the tunnel surrounding rock and lining, but it cannot measure the flow rate and flow of the seepage drainage body. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas, which can solve the problems of easy blockage of water discharge and difficulty in measuring the flow velocity and flow rate of seepage and drainage in surrounding rock lining structures of tunnels in water-rich areas.

[0005] This application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas, comprising a collecting pipe connected to a seepage and drainage pipe, wherein one end of the seepage and drainage pipe is provided with a water collecting section near the collecting pipe, the other end of the seepage and drainage pipe is provided with a hollow section, and a flow velocity sensor is provided on the seepage and drainage pipe.

[0007] Beneficial effects: Through the collecting pipe and the seepage drainage pipe, the seepage drainage of the tunnel surrounding rock body can be effectively collected to ensure the smooth discharge of the seepage drainage, prevent blockage, and improve drainage efficiency. The hollow section of the seepage drainage pipe facilitates the flow of seepage drainage from the surrounding rock body into the seepage drainage pipe, and the water collection section is conducive to guiding the seepage drainage in the seepage drainage pipe to flow into the collecting pipe, ensuring that the seepage drainage can be effectively collected, reducing the impact of the seepage drainage on the tunnel structure, improving the overall stability of the tunnel, and preventing the drainage channel from being blocked due to water flow impact or soil movement. The flow velocity and flow sensor installed on the seepage drainage pipe can monitor the speed and flow of the seepage drainage in real time, realize point-to-point monitoring of the flow of the seepage drainage in the underground rock formation, and provide accurate data for tunnel managers to timely discover and deal with possible seepage problems.

[0008] Furthermore, the collecting pipe is located between the tunnel surrounding rock mass and the lining, and the collecting pipe is connected to a plurality of tunnel drainage channels.

[0009] Beneficial effects: By placing the collection pipe between the tunnel surrounding rock and the lining, the seepage and drainage around the tunnel can be effectively collected to ensure that the water flows smoothly out of the tunnel, thereby improving drainage efficiency. Moreover, the layout position of the collection pipe varies according to the different states of the tunnel under construction or maintenance. If the tunnel is under construction, it can be arranged in the surrounding rock to provide a flat curved surface for lining construction; if the tunnel is under maintenance, it can be arranged in the lining according to the lining construction, which is flexible and adaptable to different construction needs.

[0010] Furthermore, the collecting pipe is connected to a plurality of seepage and drainage pipes, and the plurality of seepage and drainage pipes are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the tunnel, and the center line of the seepage and drainage pipes is inclined toward the tunnel facing the sky.

[0011] Beneficial effect: It is convenient for the seepage water to flow into the collecting pipe along each seepage and drainage pipe under the action of gravity, and it is convenient for the water flow to be collected and discharged to the tunnel's drainage channel along the collecting pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the length of the hollow section of the seepage and drainage pipe is greater than the length of the water collection section.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The length of the hollow section is greater than that of the water collection section, which increases the contact area between the hollow section and the surrounding soil, helps to better collect seepage water and improve drainage efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, the hollow section of the seepage drainage pipe is provided with hollow holes, and a protective net is provided on the hollow holes.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The protective net can prevent particles from entering the drainage pipe, ensure smooth water flow and improve drainage efficiency.

[0016] Furthermore, a slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the seepage drainage pipe, and a flow rate sensor is provided in the slide groove.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The chute allows the sensor to fit more closely to the inner wall of the water pipe, reducing external interference and improving the accuracy of monitoring data. The chute makes the velocity flow sensor easy to install, remove and replace, facilitating regular maintenance or fault repair. The sensor is embedded in the chute, which can reduce the disturbance of the water flow, ensure the smooth flow of water, and do not affect the drainage efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, the chute is located at the lowest point of the seepage drainage pipe.

[0019] Beneficial effect: Installing the flow rate sensor in the chute at the lowest point of the seepage drainage pipe can capture more water flow information, monitor the speed and flow of the water flow more accurately, and improve the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0020] Furthermore, the flow rate sensor is located at the water collection section of the seepage and drainage pipe close to the collecting pipe.

[0021] Beneficial effect: Installing the flow velocity sensor at the water collection section of the seepage and drainage pipe close to the collecting pipe can more accurately monitor the speed and flow of the water flow and improve the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0022] Furthermore, the flow rate sensor is electrically connected to a data collector.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The data collector can automatically collect and process sensor data, reducing the need for human intervention and improving the efficiency and accuracy of data processing.

[0024] Furthermore, the flow velocity and flow rate sensor adopts a Doppler flow measurement sensor.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Doppler flow sensors can provide high-precision, non-contact measurements, reduce interference with water flow, and ensure data accuracy and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas.

[0027] Figure 2 The utility model is an axial view of a seepage and drainage pipe of Embodiment 1 of a seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas.

[0028] Figure 3 It is an axial view of a seepage and drainage pipe of Embodiment 4 of the utility model, which is a seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0030] The marks in the drawings of the specification include: seepage and drainage pipe 1, water collection section 101, hollow section 102, hollow hole 103, chute 104, flow velocity and flow sensor 105, collecting pipe 2, lining 3, connecting line 4, drainage channel 5, data collector 6, and drilling sediment 7.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, a seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas includes a collection pipe 2, which is located between the tunnel surrounding rock mass and the lining 3, and is connected to the tunnel drainage channel 5. The collection pipe 2 is connected to a plurality of seepage and drainage pipes 1, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tunnel centerline, and the centerline of the seepage and drainage pipes 1 is inclined toward the tunnel facing the sky, so that water flows into the collection pipe 2 along the seepage and drainage pipes 1 under the action of gravity and then flows into the tunnel drainage channel 5.

[0033] A water collection section 101 is provided at one end of the seepage drainage pipe 1 near the collecting pipe 2. The seepage drainage pipe 1 is connected to the collecting pipe 2 through the water collection section 101. A hollow section 102 is provided at the other end of the seepage drainage pipe 1. The top of the hollow section 102 is the drilling sediment 7 area. The length of the hollow section 102 of the seepage drainage pipe 1 is greater than the length of the water collection section 101. The ratio of the length of the hollow section 102 to the length of the water collection section 101 is 4:1, which is the best. A hollow hole 103 is provided on the hollow section 102 of the seepage drainage pipe 1 to facilitate the inflow of water from the surrounding rock body. The diameter of the hollow hole 103 is less than or equal to 1 / 10 of the diameter of the seepage drainage pipe 1, and the density is relatively low. The seepage drainage pipe 1 is made of steel that is not easy to rust or high-strength synthetic materials, and has pressure resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0034] At least two symmetrical chutes 104 are provided on the inner wall of the seepage drainage pipe 1, and each chute 104 extends along the center line direction of the seepage drainage pipe 1, and one of the chutes 104 is located at the lowest point of the seepage drainage pipe 1. The chute 104 is fixed to the inner wall of the seepage drainage pipe 1 by welding or bolts, the thickness of the chute 104 is less than or equal to the wall thickness of the seepage drainage pipe 1, and the length of the chute 104 is less than the length of the seepage drainage pipe 1. The specifications of the seepage drainage pipe 1 and the chute 104 can be adjusted according to actual requirements. A flow velocity sensor 105 is provided in the chute 104, and the flow velocity sensor 105 is electrically connected to the data collector 6 through the connecting line 4. The flow velocity sensor 105 adopts a Doppler flow sensor, and the flow velocity sensor 105 is used to measure the flow velocity and flow of the seepage drainage body. According to actual needs, multiple flow velocity and flow sensors 105 can be set at different positions of the chute 104, wherein at least one flow velocity and flow sensor 105 is located at the water collection section 101 of the seepage drainage pipe 1 near the collecting pipe 2, so as to reflect the data change law of the flow velocity and flow rate of the seepage drainage body at different sections of the same seepage drainage pipe 1 through measurement data. The connecting line 4 is a data transmission dedicated channel for measuring the flow velocity and flow rate of the collected water body in the seepage drainage pipe 1. The connecting line 4 may include a main line and a spare line, so as to facilitate inspection and maintenance. The connecting line 4 extends out of the water collection section 101 of the seepage drainage pipe 1, and is collected at the top of the tunnel collection and drainage channel 5 through the collecting pipe 2. The collected connecting lines 4 are connected to the data collector 6 to collect data on the flow velocity and flow rate. If multiple seepage drainage pipes 1 are set in the tunnel, there will be corresponding multiple connecting lines 4, and each connecting line 4 is numbered to avoid confusion and confusion of the measured data.

[0035] The method of use is as follows: after the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement is completed, the seepage drainage pipe 1 is installed in the drainage hole opened on the tunnel. The layout position of the collecting pipe 2 varies according to the different states of the tunnel under construction or maintenance. If the tunnel is under construction, it can be arranged in the surrounding rock to provide a flat curved surface for the construction of the lining 3; if the tunnel is under maintenance, it can be arranged in the lining 3 according to the construction of the lining 3. Under the action of gravity, the seepage drainage body flows into the seepage drainage pipe 1 from the hollow holes 103 of the hollow section 102 of the seepage drainage pipe 1, flows along the seepage drainage pipe 1 to the water collection section 101, and then flows into the collecting pipe 2, and then flows into the water collection channel 5 along the collecting pipe 2. At the same time, the flow rate sensor 105 measures the flow rate and flow of the seepage drainage body in the seepage drainage pipe 1, and sends the measured data to the data collector 6 through the connecting line 4.

[0036] Embodiment 2

[0037] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a plurality of seepage and drainage pipes 1 are evenly distributed in the surrounding rock mass of the tunnel.

[0038] Embodiment 3

[0039] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a protective net is provided on the hollow hole 103 to prevent the local rock mass in the rock layer from forming a seepage channel after long-term air dissolution.

[0040] Embodiment 4

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a slide groove 104 is provided on the inner wall of the seepage and drainage pipe 1, that is, the slide groove 104 and the seepage and drainage pipe 1 are an integrated structure.

[0042] Embodiment 5

[0043] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that in areas with stable geological conditions and when there is no need for real-time monitoring, the data collector 6 is not set up, and the connecting lines 4 are placed in the maintenance cabinet. During daily inspections of the tunnel, the data collector 6 is brought with it, and after connecting the connecting lines 4, the data collector 6 is used to collect data.

[0044] Embodiment 6

[0045] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the data collector 6 is electrically connected to the data remote transmission device to facilitate remote monitoring.

[0046] The above is only an embodiment of the utility model. The utility model is not limited to the field involved in this implementation case. The common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the utility model, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the utility model and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas, characterized in that: It comprises a collecting pipe, which is connected with a seepage and drainage pipe. A water collecting section is arranged at one end of the seepage and drainage pipe close to the collecting pipe, a hollow section is arranged at the other end of the seepage and drainage pipe, and a flow velocity and flow sensor is arranged on the seepage and drainage pipe.

2. The seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting pipe is located between the tunnel surrounding rock mass and the lining, and the collecting pipe is communicated with the tunnel drainage channel.

3. The seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas according to claim 2 is characterized by: The collecting pipe is connected to a plurality of seepage and drainage pipes, and the plurality of seepage and drainage pipes are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the tunnel, and the center line of the seepage and drainage pipes is inclined toward the tunnel facing the air.

4. The seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas according to claim 3 is characterized by: The length of the hollow section of the seepage and drainage pipe is greater than the length of the water collection section.

5. The seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hollow section of the seepage drainage pipe is provided with hollow holes, and a protective net is provided on the hollow holes.

6. The seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: A slide groove is arranged on the inner wall of the seepage drainage pipe, and a flow velocity sensor is arranged in the slide groove.

7. The seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chute is located at the lowest point of the seepage drainage pipe.

8. The seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flow rate sensor is located at the water collection section of the seepage and drainage pipe, close to the collecting pipe.

9. The seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flow rate sensor is electrically connected to the data collector.

10. The seepage and drainage structure suitable for tunnels in water-rich areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: The flow rate sensor uses a Doppler flow sensor.

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