Acidic waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of incineration devices, and particularly relates to an acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system which comprises a graphite incinerator, a waste liquid storage tank and a waste gas buffer tank are connected to the top of the graphite incinerator, a spray liquid cooler is connected to the bottom of the graphite incinerator, and a waste liquid spray gun and a plurality of burners are arranged in the graphite incinerator. The waste liquid storage tank is connected with the waste liquid spray gun, the burner is connected with the waste gas buffer tank, a jacket is arranged on the outer side of the graphite incinerator and connected with a flash tank, the lower portion of the graphite incinerator is connected with an electrostatic dust collector, and the electrostatic dust collector is sequentially connected with a falling film absorber, an alkali liquor spray tower, an induced draft fan and a chimney. The graphite incinerator and the falling film absorber are both connected with an acid liquor blow-off pipeline, and the bottom of the alkali liquor spray tower is connected with an alkali liquor blow-off pipeline. The waste liquid and waste gas treatment efficiency is improved, and the waste liquid and waste gas treatment cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of incineration devices, and in particular relates to a system for utilizing waste heat from tail gas from incineration of acidic waste. Background Art

[0002] The chemical, energy, materials and other industries will generate a large amount of acidic waste liquid and waste gas in the process of producing products. If these acidic wastes are discharged directly without proper treatment, they will cause serious pollution to the environment. As environmental protection requirements become increasingly stringent, the discharge of waste liquid and waste gas must meet the standards. Acidic waste liquid and waste gas contain more combustible substances, so incineration is a more effective way to remove acidic substances.

[0003] At present, when the traditional process treats acidic waste liquid and waste gas, the acidic waste liquid and waste gas will enter the vertical + horizontal metal waste liquid incinerator for combustion to produce high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas enters the horizontal flue through the bottom of the furnace, and then enters the waste heat boiler to effectively recover the waste heat in the high-temperature flue gas. Then, the flue gas passing through the cyclone separator is rapidly cooled by the rapid cooling water washing tower; the flue gas inlet temperature of the rapid cooling tower is 500℃, and the flue gas outlet temperature after rapid cooling is 200℃. The acidic flue gas is sprayed and washed with a spray liquid containing NaOH. The metal cylinder is painted with acid-resistant paint and a heat-insulating and fire-resistant insulation layer is set, but some acidic waste liquids will form high-temperature melts after incineration, which will corrode the furnace lining, furnace and other parts, causing equipment damage. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: to provide a system for utilizing the waste heat from the incineration of acidic waste, to achieve full combustion of the waste, to solve the environmental pollution problem, and to recycle the heat generated during the combustion process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] The utility model discloses a system for utilizing waste heat from incineration tail gas of acidic waste, comprising a graphite incinerator, a waste liquid storage tank and a waste gas buffer tank are connected to the top of the graphite incinerator, a spray liquid cooler is connected to the bottom of the graphite incinerator, a waste liquid spray gun and a plurality of burners are arranged inside the graphite incinerator, the waste liquid storage tank is connected to the waste liquid spray gun, the burner is connected to the waste gas buffer tank, a jacket is arranged on the outside of the graphite incinerator, the jacket is connected to a flash tank, an electrostatic precipitator is connected to the lower part of the graphite incinerator, the electrostatic precipitator is connected to a falling film absorber, an alkali solution spray tower, an induced draft fan and a chimney in sequence; the graphite incinerator and the falling film absorber are both connected to an acid solution sewage pipeline, and the bottom of the alkali solution spray tower is connected to an alkali solution sewage pipeline.

[0007] in:

[0008] The graphite incinerator is a vertical structure, the furnace wall of the graphite incinerator is made of graphite, and the jacket is made of steel.

[0009] The middle part of the jacket is provided with a water inlet, the top of the jacket is provided with a water outlet, the water outlet is connected to the inlet of the flash tank, and the water inlet is connected to the outlet of the flash tank.

[0010] A condensate pump is arranged between the flash tank outlet and the jacket water inlet.

[0011] A waste liquid pump is connected between the graphite incinerator and the waste liquid storage tank, a spray liquid cooler is connected to the bottom of the graphite incinerator, and a spray liquid circulation pump is connected between the graphite incinerator and the spray liquid cooler.

[0012] An exhaust gas flame arrester is connected between the graphite incinerator and the exhaust gas buffer tank.

[0013] The plurality of burners are arranged at intervals on the top of the graphite incinerator, and the burners are arranged outside the waste liquid spray gun.

[0014] A baffle is fixedly arranged on the wall of the graphite incinerator tube, and a plurality of vertical and horizontal holes are opened on the baffle.

[0015] The waste liquid spray gun is provided with a plurality of atomizing nozzles.

[0016] The alkali solution spray tower is provided with a self-circulating pipeline, and the self-circulating pipeline is provided with an alkali solution pump.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] The acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system described in the utility model is reasonably designed. Under high temperature conditions, waste liquid and waste gas will undergo chemical reaction or thermal decomposition to be converted into high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas is subjected to subsequent treatment processes so that the discharged tail gas meets environmental protection requirements. The high-temperature flue gas waste heat generated by the combustion of waste liquid and waste gas can improve the combustion efficiency and ensure the full decomposition of the waste liquid. The reaction environment in the graphite incinerator is controlled at a relatively stable high-temperature state. At the same time, the residence time of the flue gas in the furnace is appropriately extended to achieve full combustion of the flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas waste heat can convert water into water vapor, and the generated water vapor can be reused, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of waste liquid and waste gas and reducing the cost of waste liquid and waste gas treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model.

[0020] In the figure, 1. waste gas buffer tank; 2. waste gas flame arrester; 3. waste liquid storage tank; 4. waste liquid pump; 5. spray liquid circulation pump; 6. spray liquid cooler; 7. graphite incinerator; 8. flash tank; 9. condensate pump; 10. electrostatic precipitator; 11. falling film absorber; 12. alkali liquid spray tower; 13. alkali liquid pump; 14. induced draft fan; 15. chimney; 16. acid liquid sewage pipeline; 17. alkali liquid sewage pipeline;

[0021] 701, waste liquid spray gun; 702, jacket; 703, burner; 704, baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The embodiments of the present utility model are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system described in the utility model includes a graphite incinerator 7, the top of the graphite incinerator 7 is connected to a waste liquid storage tank 3 and a waste gas buffer tank 1, the bottom of the graphite incinerator 7 is connected to a spray liquid cooler 6, a waste liquid spray gun 701 and a plurality of burners 703 are arranged inside the graphite incinerator 7, the waste liquid storage tank 3 is connected to the waste liquid spray gun 701, the burner 703 is connected to the waste gas buffer tank 1, a jacket 702 is arranged on the outside of the graphite incinerator 7, the jacket 702 is connected to a flash tank 8, the lower part of the graphite incinerator 7 is connected to an electrostatic precipitator 10, and the electrostatic precipitator 10 is sequentially connected to a falling film absorber 11, an alkali solution spray tower 12, an induced draft fan 14 and a chimney 15; the graphite incinerator 7 and the falling film absorber 11 are both connected to an acid solution sewage pipe 16, and the bottom of the alkali solution spray tower 12 is connected to an alkali solution sewage pipe 17.

[0025] The graphite incinerator 7 is a vertical structure, the furnace wall of the graphite incinerator 7 is made of graphite, and the jacket 702 is made of steel.

[0026] A water inlet is provided in the middle of the jacket 702 , and a water outlet is provided at the top of the jacket 702 . The water outlet is connected to the inlet of the flash tank 8 , and the water inlet is connected to the outlet of the flash tank 8 .

[0027] A condensate pump 9 is provided between the outlet of the flash tank 8 and the water inlet of the jacket 702. The water vapor in the flash tank 8 can be used in the production process.

[0028] A waste liquid pump 4 is connected between the graphite incinerator 7 and the waste liquid storage tank 3 , a spray liquid cooler 6 is connected to the bottom of the graphite incinerator 7 , and a spray liquid circulation pump 5 is connected between the graphite incinerator 7 and the spray liquid cooler 6 .

[0029] An exhaust gas flame arrester 2 is connected between the graphite incinerator 7 and the exhaust gas buffer tank 1. The exhaust gas flame arrester 2 can effectively prevent the combustion flame in the graphite incinerator 7 from spreading to the exhaust gas buffer tank 1.

[0030] A plurality of burners 703 are arranged at intervals on the top of the graphite incinerator 7 , and the burners 703 are arranged outside the waste liquid spray gun 701 .

[0031] A baffle 704 is fixedly arranged on the wall of the graphite incinerator 7, and a plurality of vertical and horizontal holes are opened on the baffle 704. The vertical and horizontal holes can disperse the falling liquid, increase the contact area, and prevent the internal temperature of the graphite incinerator 7 from being uneven.

[0032] The waste liquid spray gun 701 is provided with a plurality of atomizing nozzles so that the atomized waste liquid can be fully mixed with the waste gas to achieve full combustion of the two.

[0033] The alkali solution spray tower 12 is provided with a self-circulating pipeline, and the self-circulating pipeline is provided with an alkali solution pump 13 .

[0034] Working principle and process:

[0035] The waste liquid in the waste liquid storage tank 3 is transported to the waste liquid spray gun, and the waste liquid is atomized and sprayed into the graphite incinerator; the waste gas in the waste gas buffer tank 1 enters the burner 703 on the top of the graphite incinerator 7 through the pipeline, and the waste gas is premixed with air in the burner 703, supplemented with natural gas for ignition and combustion, and then transported to the graphite incinerator 7 for combustion. The high-temperature flue gas in the furnace is about 800~1100℃, and part of the heat is transferred to the circulating hot water in the jacket 702 through the furnace wall of the graphite incinerator 7, so that it is heated to superheated water, and then enters the flash tank 8 to flash into saturated water vapor. The generated saturated water vapor can be reused, and the other part of the spray liquid passes through the spray liquid cooler 6 to take away the heat After rapid cooling, the flue gas enters the electrostatic precipitator 10 for further dust removal treatment. The treated flue gas is sent to the falling film absorber 11. During the falling film absorption process, the absorbent and the absorbed gas operate in parallel. After the first-level falling film absorption, the acid concentration in the flue gas is reduced, and the acidic wastewater is discharged through the acid liquid sewage pipe 16. In order to meet environmental protection standards, an alkali liquid spray tower 12 is subsequently set up to further treat the flue gas. The alkali liquid in the alkali liquid spray tower 12 is continuously circulated by the alkali liquid pump 13 to increase the contact area with the flue gas. The purified qualified gas is discharged to the chimney 15 through the induced draft fan 14 for discharge, and the alkaline wastewater is discharged through the alkali liquid sewage pipe 17.

Claims

1. A system for utilizing waste heat from incineration of acidic waste, comprising a graphite incinerator (7), characterized in that: The top of the graphite incinerator (7) is connected to a waste liquid storage tank (3) and a waste gas buffer tank (1); the bottom of the graphite incinerator (7) is connected to a spray liquid cooler (6); a waste liquid spray gun (701) and a plurality of burners (703) are arranged inside the graphite incinerator (7); the waste liquid storage tank (3) is connected to the waste liquid spray gun (701); the burner (703) is connected to the waste gas buffer tank (1); a jacket (702) is arranged on the outside of the graphite incinerator (7); The jacket (702) is connected to a flash tank (8); the lower part of the graphite incinerator (7) is connected to an electrostatic precipitator (10); the electrostatic precipitator (10) is sequentially connected to a falling film absorber (11), an alkali solution spray tower (12), an induced draft fan (14) and a chimney (15); the graphite incinerator (7) and the falling film absorber (11) are both connected to an acid solution drainage pipeline (16); and the bottom of the alkali solution spray tower (12) is connected to an alkali solution drainage pipeline (17).

2. The acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphite incinerator (7) is a vertical structure. The furnace wall of the graphite incinerator (7) is made of graphite material, and the jacket (702) is made of steel material.

3. The acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water inlet is provided in the middle of the jacket (702), and a water outlet is provided at the top of the jacket (702). The water outlet is connected to the inlet of the flash tank (8), and the water inlet is connected to the outlet of the flash tank (8).

4. The acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A condensate pump (9) is provided between the outlet of the flash tank (8) and the water inlet of the jacket (702).

5. The acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waste liquid pump (4) is connected between the graphite incinerator (7) and the waste liquid storage tank (3), a spray liquid cooler (6) is connected to the bottom of the graphite incinerator (7), and a spray liquid circulation pump (5) is connected between the graphite incinerator (7) and the spray liquid cooler (6).

6. The acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust gas flame arrester (2) is connected between the graphite incinerator (7) and the exhaust gas buffer tank (1).

7. The acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of burners (703) are arranged at intervals on the top of the graphite incinerator (7), and the burner (703) is arranged outside the waste liquid spray gun (701).

8. The acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle (704) is fixedly arranged on the cylinder wall of the graphite incinerator (7), and a plurality of vertical and horizontal holes are opened on the baffle (704).

9. The acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste liquid spray gun (701) is provided with a plurality of atomizing nozzles.

10. The acid waste incineration tail gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkali solution spray tower (12) is provided with a self-circulating pipeline, and the self-circulating pipeline is provided with an alkali solution pump (13).

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