Anchor rod and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument

Abstract

The utility model provides a pressure monitoring instrument for an anchor rod and an anchor cable, which comprises a cylindrical part sleeved on the exposed part of the anchor rod and the anchor cable, one end of the cylindrical part is in limit fit with a tray, the tray is connected with the anchor rod and the anchor cable and is abutted against surrounding rock, and the other end of the cylindrical part is provided with an opening; the limiting plate is arranged on the anchor rod and anchor cable in a sleeving mode and located at the other end of the barrel-shaped piece, and the limiting plate can slide relative to the barrel-shaped piece; the elastic piece is arranged in the cylindrical piece, and the two ends of the elastic piece abut against the bottom wall of the cylindrical piece and the limiting plate respectively; the fiber bragg grating is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical part; one end of the dowel bar is connected with the fiber bragg grating, and the other end of the dowel bar is connected with the limiting plate; wherein under the condition that the stress of the anchor rod and the anchor cable changes, the limiting plate moves and compresses the elastic piece, and the dowel bar moves and drives the fiber bragg grating to deform. By adopting the scheme, electromagnetic interference is avoided, the application range is wide, and the reliability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel support, in particular to an anchor rod and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous mining of coal mines, the coal seams close to the ground are gradually mined out, the working face of the coal mine is constantly digging downward, the mining depth is constantly increasing, and the working environment of coal mining has become more complicated. In particular, the surrounding rock pressure has entered an unbalanced state from the moment coal mining begins. Danger may occur at any time, which has always threatened the safe production of coal mines. Although the emergence of anchor bolts, anchor cables and other tunnel support technologies can effectively alleviate the surrounding rock pressure to a certain extent, accidents caused by surrounding rock pressure such as coal mine roof delamination, collapse, and bottom drum are still common. Therefore, it is very necessary to monitor the status of coal mine support (anchor bolts, anchor cables), understand their changing information during coal mining, further analyze and infer the pressure of the mining working face and the overlying rock strata of the tunnel and the safety status of the surrounding rock, and reinforce and prevent dangerous positions in advance to reduce casualties.

[0003] The traditional monitoring method is to make judgments through personnel inspection and monitoring, relying on the readings of indicating instruments and human experience. This monitoring method cannot collect and analyze the status information of surrounding rocks and equipment in coal mining projects in real time, and cannot meet the real-time monitoring needs of various underground disasters in coal mining. With the continuous development of science and technology, new types of mine pressure monitoring systems have become more and more, mainly using electromagnetic sensors. The electrical signals of electromagnetic sensors and the monitoring systems they constitute are easily subject to electromagnetic interference, and their application in underground coal mines has been restricted to a certain extent. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides an anchor rod and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument to solve the problem in the prior art that the anchor rod and anchor cable monitored by electromagnetic sensors are easily subject to electromagnetic interference.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides an anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument, comprising: a cylindrical member, which is sleeved on the exposed part of the anchor bolt and cable, one end of the cylindrical member is limited by a tray, the tray is connected to the anchor bolt and cable and abuts against the surrounding rock, and the other end of the cylindrical member has an opening; a limit plate, which is sleeved on the anchor bolt and cable and located at the other end of the cylindrical member, and the limit plate can slide relative to the cylindrical member; an elastic member, which is arranged in the cylindrical member, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively abutted against the bottom wall of the cylindrical member and the limit plate; a fiber grating is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical member; a force transmission rod, one end of the force transmission rod is connected to the fiber grating, and the other end of the force transmission rod is connected to the limit plate; wherein, when the anchor bolt and cable is subjected to force changes, the limit plate moves and compresses the elastic member, and the force transmission rod moves and drives the fiber grating to deform.

[0006] Furthermore, the anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument further includes: a processing component, the processing component is electrically connected to the fiber Bragg grating, and the processing component is used to process the deformation information of the fiber Bragg grating to obtain the deformation information of the area where the anchor bolt and cable are located. By processing the deformation information of the fiber Bragg grating by the processing component, the deformation information of the area where the anchor bolt and cable are located can be calculated, thereby realizing monitoring.

[0007] Furthermore, the processing component includes a transmission optical fiber and a data processor, and the data processor is electrically connected to the fiber grating through the transmission optical fiber.

[0008] Furthermore, the anchor rod and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument also includes a coupler, and the coupler is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical member, and the fiber grating, the coupler and the processing component are connected in sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic member is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the anchor rod and anchor cable.

[0010] Furthermore, the spring is in a compressed state, and the size of the spring is 3×40×40 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the anchor rod and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument also includes a lock, the lock is connected to the anchor rod and anchor cable, and the lock abuts against the limit plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the stop plate is annular, and the outer wall of the stop plate is spaced from the inner wall of the cylindrical member. This can prevent impurities from entering the cylindrical member, and can achieve relative sliding between the cylindrical member and the stop plate. When the external pressure load acts on the monitoring instrument, the high-pressure spring in the cylindrical member is squeezed and deformed, thereby generating strain in the fiber Bragg grating, thereby increasing the response sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating to pressure.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the cylindrical member is 60 to 80 mm, and the wall thickness of the cylindrical member is 8 to 12 mm, so that the cylindrical member can have sufficient strength and internal space.

[0014] Furthermore, the force transmission rod is made of stainless steel so that it will not rust.

[0015] The technical scheme of the utility model is applied to provide an anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument, including: a cylindrical member, which is sleeved on the exposed part of the anchor bolt and cable, one end of the cylindrical member is limited by a tray, the tray is connected to the anchor bolt and cable and abuts against the surrounding rock, and the other end of the cylindrical member has an opening; a limit plate, which is sleeved on the anchor bolt and cable and located at the other end of the cylindrical member, and the limit plate can slide relative to the cylindrical member; an elastic member, which is arranged in the cylindrical member, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively abutted against the bottom wall of the cylindrical member and the limit plate; a fiber grating, which is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical member; a force transmission rod, one end of the force transmission rod is connected to the fiber grating, and the other end of the force transmission rod is connected to the limit plate; wherein, when the anchor bolt and cable is subjected to force changes, the limit plate moves and compresses the elastic member, and the force transmission rod moves and drives the fiber grating to deform. In this scheme, through the association of multiple structural members, the deformation of the anchor bolt and cable caused by pressure can be converted into the deformation of the fiber grating, so that the anchor bolt and cable can be monitored by the fiber grating. This solution will not be affected by electromagnetic interference, has a wide range of applications and high reliability.

[0016] This utility model is built with fiber grating sensing technology and sensor network as the core technology. It is a system that can realize real-time monitoring of mine pressure parameters. It has the characteristics of strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability, low loss, high transmission reliability and passive components. The system consists of three subsystems: perception, data transmission and data processing. The utility model has the advantages of safety and reliability, wide measurement range, low transmission loss and easy networking and installation, providing a safe and reliable technical solution for coal mine disaster warning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings constituting part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an anchor rod and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument provided in an embodiment of the utility model is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of .

[0020] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0021] 11. Cylindrical member; 12. Limiting plate; 20. Tray; 30. Elastic member; 40. Fiber Bragg grating; 50. Force transmission rod; 61. Transmission optical fiber; 62. Data processor; 70. Coupler; 80. Lock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means a limitation on the utility model and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0023] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides an anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument, comprising: a cylindrical member 11, which is sleeved on the exposed part of the anchor bolt and cable, one end of the cylindrical member 11 is limitedly matched with a tray 20, the tray 20 is connected to the anchor bolt and cable and abuts against the surrounding rock, and the other end of the cylindrical member 11 has an opening; a limit plate 12, which is sleeved on the anchor bolt and cable and is located at the other end of the cylindrical member 11, and the limit plate 12 can slide relative to the cylindrical member 11; an elastic member 30, which is arranged in the cylindrical member 11, and the two ends of the elastic member 30 are respectively abutted against the bottom wall of the cylindrical member 11 and the limit plate 12; a fiber grating 40, which is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical member 11; a force transmission rod 50, one end of the force transmission rod 50 is connected to the fiber grating 40, and the other end of the force transmission rod 50 is connected to the limit plate 12; wherein, when the anchor bolt and cable is subjected to force changes, the limit plate 12 moves and compresses the elastic member 30, and the force transmission rod 50 moves and drives the fiber grating 40 to deform.

[0024] In this solution, the deformation of the anchor rod and cable caused by pressure can be converted into the deformation of the fiber grating 40 through the association of multiple structural parts, so that the anchor rod and cable can be monitored through the fiber grating 40. This solution will not be affected by electromagnetic interference, has a wide range of applications, and has high reliability. In this solution, the anchor rod and cable refers to the anchor rod or the anchor cable.

[0025] In this solution, the anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument further includes: a processing component, the processing component is electrically connected to the fiber grating 40, and the processing component is used to process the deformation information of the fiber grating 40 to obtain the deformation information of the area where the anchor bolt and cable are located. By processing the deformation information of the fiber grating 40 by the processing component, the deformation information of the area where the anchor bolt and cable are located can be calculated, thereby realizing monitoring.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the processing component includes a transmission optical fiber 61 and a data processor 62, and the data processor 62 is electrically connected to the fiber grating 40 through the transmission optical fiber 61. The fiber grating 40 converts the monitored physical quantity into an optical signal, and then transmits the acquired optical signal to the data processor 62 through the transmission optical fiber 61, and the data processor 62 performs data processing.

[0027] In this solution, the anchor rod and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument further comprises a coupler 70, which is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical member 11, and the fiber grating 40, the coupler 70 and the processing component are connected in sequence.

[0028] The elastic member 30 is a spring, which is sleeved on the anchor rod and anchor cable. The spring is in a compressed state, and the model of the spring is 3×40×40 mm to ensure sufficient strength.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the anchor bolt and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument further includes a lock 80, the lock 80 is connected to the anchor bolt and anchor cable, and the lock 80 abuts against the limiting plate 12. The lock 80 installs and limits the limiting plate 12.

[0030] Specifically, the stop plate 12 is annular, and the outer wall of the stop plate 12 is spaced from the inner wall of the cylindrical member 11. This can prevent impurities from entering the cylindrical member 11, and can achieve relative sliding between the cylindrical member 11 and the stop plate 12. When the external pressure load acts on the monitoring instrument, the high-pressure spring in the cylindrical member 11 is squeezed and deformed, thereby generating strain in the fiber Bragg grating 40, increasing the response sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating 40 to pressure.

[0031] When the monitoring instrument is subjected to pressure F, the force is transmitted to the spring, and the contraction l produced by the spring is: Wherein, k is the elastic coefficient of the spring. The fiber Bragg grating 40 converts the monitored physical quantity into an optical signal, and then transmits the acquired optical signal to the data transmission subsystem through the transmission optical fiber. When the sensing subsystem transmits the optical signal, the fiber Bragg grating demodulator demodulates the optical signal, and then transmits the demodulated data to the data processing system. The data processing system processes it and outputs it in the form of a real-time data curve, which is convenient for the staff to observe the state of the coal mine tunnel more intuitively and judge whether reinforcement support is needed to prevent the occurrence of disasters.

[0032] The outer diameter of the cylindrical member 11 is 60 to 80 mm, and the wall thickness of the cylindrical member 11 is 8 to 12 mm. In this way, the cylindrical member 11 can have sufficient strength and space.

[0033] In this solution, the force transmission rod 50 is made of stainless steel so that it will not rust.

[0034] This utility model is built with fiber grating sensing technology and sensor network as the core technology. It is a system that can realize real-time monitoring of mine pressure parameters. It has the characteristics of strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability, low loss, high transmission reliability and passive components. The system consists of three subsystems: perception, data transmission and data processing. The utility model has the advantages of safety and reliability, wide measurement range, low transmission loss and easy networking and installation, providing a safe and reliable technical solution for coal mine disaster warning.

[0035] When the anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument is working, it senses the pressure of the environment through the limit plate. When the environmental pressure changes, the high-pressure spring will compress, causing the force transmission rod connected to it to move upward, driving the fiber grating to undergo axial tensile deformation, causing the central wavelength of the fiber grating inside to shift. The fiber grating sensor converts the monitored physical quantity into an optical signal, and then transmits the acquired optical signal to the data transmission subsystem through the transmission optical fiber. When the sensing subsystem transmits the optical signal, the fiber grating demodulator demodulates the optical signal, and then transmits the demodulated data to the data processing system. The data processing system processes it and outputs it in the form of a real-time data curve, which is convenient for the staff to observe the status of the coal mine tunnel more intuitively and determine whether reinforcement support is needed to prevent the occurrence of disasters.

[0036] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0038] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the utility model. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being only exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0039] In the description of the present utility model, it needs to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0040] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0041] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only to facilitate the distinction between corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An anchor rod and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument, characterized in that: include: A cylindrical member (11) is sleeved on the exposed portion of the anchor rod and anchor cable, one end of the cylindrical member (11) is limitedly matched with a tray (20), the tray (20) is connected to the anchor rod and anchor cable and abuts against the surrounding rock, and the other end of the cylindrical member (11) has an opening; A limit plate (12) is sleeved on the anchor rod and anchor cable and is located at the other end of the cylindrical member (11); the limit plate (12) can slide relative to the cylindrical member (11); An elastic member (30) is arranged in the tubular member (11), and two ends of the elastic member (30) are respectively in contact with the bottom wall of the tubular member (11) and the limiting plate (12); A fiber grating (40) is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical member (11); A force transmission rod (50), one end of which is connected to the optical fiber grating (40), and the other end of which is connected to the limiting plate (12); Wherein, when the anchor rod and anchor cable are subjected to a change in force, the limit plate (12) moves and compresses the elastic member (30), and the force transmission rod (50) moves and drives the optical fiber grating (40) to deform.

2. The anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument also includes: A processing component is electrically connected to the optical fiber grating (40), and is used to process the deformation information of the optical fiber grating (40) to obtain the deformation information of the area where the anchor rod and anchor cable are located.

3. The anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The processing component comprises a transmission optical fiber (61) and a data processor (62), and the data processor (62) is electrically connected to the optical fiber grating (40) via the transmission optical fiber (61).

4. The anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anchor rod and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument further comprises a coupler (70), wherein the coupler (70) is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical member (11), and the optical fiber grating (40), the coupler (70) and the processing component are connected in sequence.

5. The anchor bolt and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member (30) is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the anchor rod and anchor cable.

6. The anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spring is in a compressed state, and the model of the spring is 3×40×40 mm.

7. The anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument further comprises a lock (80), wherein the lock (80) is connected to the anchor rod and anchor cable, and the lock (80) is in abutment with the limit plate (12).

8. The anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting plate (12) is in the shape of a circular ring, and the outer wall of the limiting plate (12) is spaced from the inner wall of the cylindrical member (11).

9. The anchor bolt and cable pressure monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the cylindrical member (11) is 60 to 80 mm, and the wall thickness of the cylindrical member (11) is 8 to 12 mm.

10. The anchor bolt and anchor cable pressure monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the force transmission rod (50) is stainless steel.

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