Table type supercritical extraction instrument special for laboratory

Abstract

The utility model provides a special table-type supercritical extraction instrument for laboratories, which relates to the field of supercritical extraction instruments and comprises an extraction instrument, an extraction kettle and a separation kettle are mounted on the extraction instrument, and the extraction kettle comprises a shell, a charging barrel, an end cover device, a first extrusion ring, a second extrusion ring and a plurality of extrusion devices. A movable hole is formed in the bottom of the charging barrel, a movable plate is fixedly mounted at the top of a movable column, the bottom of a first extrusion ring and the top of a second extrusion ring are inclined planes, and a plurality of extrusion devices are annularly and uniformly mounted at the bottom of the movable column; according to the table type supercritical extraction instrument special for the laboratory, provided by the utility model, liquid carbon dioxide enters the inner side of the shell through the liquid inlet hole to extrude the movable column, the movable column drives the movable plate to move upwards, so that liquid can enter conveniently, and materials are not easy to fall into the liquid inlet hole through the arranged movable plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of supercritical extraction instruments, in particular to a special laboratory table-type supercritical extraction instrument. Background Art

[0002] The laboratory-specific benchtop supercritical extractor is an advanced separation technology equipment, which is widely used in process experiments in the fields of chemistry, food science and technology, etc. Supercritical fluid is a special state between gas and liquid, and its density and solubility can be precisely controlled by adjusting temperature and pressure. In the extraction process, the substance to be extracted is first contacted with the supercritical fluid, and the target component is dissolved by the solubility of the supercritical fluid, and then the target component is separated from the mixture by adjusting the temperature and pressure of the system.

[0003] Supercritical fluid refers to a fluid whose temperature and pressure exceed its critical point. At this time, the fluid has both low viscosity and high diffusivity similar to gas, and high density and solubility similar to liquid. Supercritical carbon dioxide is a commonly used extractant in supercritical extraction because of its non-toxic, odorless, non-combustible, chemically stable properties, and easy to control its solubility by adjusting pressure and temperature. In the supercritical state, the solubility of carbon dioxide is closely related to its density. By adjusting the temperature and pressure of the system, the density of supercritical carbon dioxide can be changed, thereby controlling its solubility for different substances.

[0004] Generally speaking, as pressure and temperature increase, the density of supercritical carbon dioxide increases, and its solubility also increases. Conversely, lowering pressure and temperature will reduce density and reduce solubility. During the extraction process, the substance to be separated is contacted with supercritical carbon dioxide. Since supercritical carbon dioxide has special solubility, it can selectively dissolve components of different polarity, boiling point and molecular weight in the substance to be separated. After the extraction is completed, the supercritical carbon dioxide is quickly restored to the gaseous state by reducing pressure, raising the temperature, etc. At this time, the extracted substance is completely or basically precipitated, thereby achieving the purpose of separation and purification.

[0005] When the existing extractor is in use, the material to be extracted is placed in a barrel, and then the barrel is placed in an outer shell. When the product is extracted, since carbon dioxide generally enters the barrel through the bottom of the barrel and contacts the material, the bottom of the barrel is generally provided with holes for the entry of carbon dioxide. However, in the process of adding material into the barrel, the material is easily moved out of the hole of the barrel, and after the material is placed in the hole of the barrel, the barrel is placed in an outer shell. When the material is pressed through the end cover, the material is easily overflowed from the hole during the pressing process and enters the liquid inlet of the outer shell.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument.

[0008] The laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extractor provided by the present invention comprises an extractor, an extraction kettle and a separation kettle are installed on the extractor, the extraction kettle comprises a shell, a barrel, an end cover device, a first extrusion ring, a second extrusion ring and a plurality of extrusion devices, the shell is installed on the extractor, a liquid inlet hole is provided at the bottom of the shell, the barrel is arranged in the shell, a movable hole is provided at the bottom of the barrel, a movable column is movably provided in the movable hole, elastic parts are provided in the plurality of grooves provided on the inner wall of the movable hole, one end of the elastic part is connected to the movable column, and the movable column A movable plate is fixedly installed on the top, the end cover device is connected to the top of the shell, the first extrusion ring is fixedly installed on the bottom of the barrel, the second extrusion ring is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell, the bottom of the first extrusion ring and the top of the second extrusion ring are both inclined surfaces, and sealing rings are fixedly installed on the two inclined surfaces. The two sealing rings fit together, the top of the airbag is fixedly installed on the bottom of the barrel, and multiple extrusion devices are evenly installed in a ring shape at the bottom of the movable column. When the movable column moves upward, one end of the extrusion device squeezes the airbag, and the end cover device is installed on the shell.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic member includes a first connecting plate and a first spring, one end of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable column, the other end of the first connecting plate is movably arranged in a groove opened in the movable hole, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the first connecting plate and the inner wall of the groove of the movable hole.

[0010] Preferably, the end cover device includes a top plate, a support column and a filter plate, the top plate is threadedly connected to the outer shell, a handle is installed on the top of the top plate, the bottom of the top plate is fixedly connected to the support column, the bottom of the support column is fixedly connected to the top of the filter plate, and the size of the filter plate is adapted to the inner cavity size of the barrel.

[0011] Preferably, a liquid outlet hole is provided on the side wall of the barrel near the top.

[0012] Preferably, a rubber ring is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the shell, and a groove for the rubber ring to move into is formed on the top plate.

[0013] Preferably, the extrusion device includes a moving block, an insertion rod, a second spring, a second connecting plate and an extrusion block, the moving block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable column, one end of the moving block is an inclined surface, the insertion rod is fixedly installed in a groove opened at the bottom of the barrel, the insertion rod is movably inserted on the second connecting plate, the second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the extrusion block, one end of the extrusion block is provided with an inclined surface, the inclined surface of the moving block is in contact with the inclined surface of the extrusion block, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the second connecting plate and the inner wall of the groove at the bottom of the barrel.

[0014] Preferably, an annular groove is provided on the inclined surface of the second extrusion ring, a corresponding through hole is provided on the sealing ring on the second extrusion ring at a position corresponding to the annular groove, a plurality of straight tubes are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove of the second extrusion ring, one end of the plurality of straight tubes is connected to an inclined tube, and one end of the inclined tube is connected to the liquid inlet.

[0015] Preferably, a sealing gasket with an annular structure is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell, and a docking ring is fixedly installed on the bottom of the barrel. A groove is provided at the bottom of the docking ring, and the docking ring can be moved into the groove of the docking ring.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of evenly distributed fixing plates are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the barrel, and a plurality of movable parts respectively corresponding to the plurality of fixing plates are mounted on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell.

[0017] Preferably, the movable part includes a sleeve, a movable rod, a third spring and a receiving plate. The bottom of the sleeve is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell, the movable rod is movably arranged on the inner side of the sleeve, the top of the movable rod is fixedly connected to the receiving plate, a positioning rod is fixedly mounted on the top of the receiving plate, the positioning rod is movably inserted into a through hole opened in the fixed plate, and the two ends of the third spring are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell and the bottom of the receiving plate.

[0018] Preferably, a gap is provided between the edge of the movable plate and the inner cavity side wall of the barrel.

[0019] Preferably, the size of the movable plate is adapted to the size of the inner cavity of the barrel, a groove is provided on the top of the movable plate, a circle of infusion holes is provided on the bottom wall of the groove of the movable plate near the edge, a diverter plate and an outflow plate are fixedly connected from top to bottom in the groove provided on the top of the movable plate, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the diverter plate and the outflow plate, wherein the aperture of the through holes on the diverter plate gradually decreases in the direction away from the center of the circle, and the aperture of the through holes on the outflow plate is consistent.

[0020] Compared with the related art, the laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. Liquid carbon dioxide enters the inner side of the shell through the liquid inlet hole and squeezes the movable column. Under the action of the liquid, the movable column drives the movable plate to move up, the first spring is compressed, and the liquid enters the infusion hole from the gap between the movable column and the movable hole, and then enters the groove of the movable plate. Since a plurality of through holes are provided on the diverter plate and the outflow plate, the aperture of the through hole on the diverter plate gradually decreases in the direction away from the center of the circle, and the aperture of the through hole on the outflow plate is consistent. When the liquid flow rate is large, the aperture of the diverter plate is small, and part of the liquid is discharged from the aperture of the diverter plate with a smaller aperture. When the liquid flow rate is large, the aperture of the diverter plate is large, and the remaining liquid is discharged from the aperture of the larger aperture, so that the liquid distribution is more uniform, which is convenient for the contact between the liquid and the material.

[0023] 2. When the movable column moves upward, it drives the movable block upward, thereby squeezing the extrusion block, thereby driving the extrusion block to move toward the airbag. After the airbag is compressed, the fit with the joints of the two sealing rings becomes tighter, thereby enhancing the sealing. When the hydraulic pressure becomes larger, the joints of the two sealing rings are more prone to water seepage. Due to the increase in hydraulic pressure, the movable column moves upward, thereby driving the movable block upward. The inclined surface of the movable block squeezes the inclined surface of the extrusion block, so that the extrusion block further squeezes the airbag. At this time, the squeezing force on the airbag increases, thereby strengthening the squeezing of the airbag on the joints of the two sealing rings, making the joints of the two sealing rings less likely to seep water. If liquid seeps between the two sealing rings, it flows through the annular groove of the second extrusion ring, moves down along multiple straight tubes to the inclined tube, and re-introduces the liquid into the liquid inlet hole through the inclined tube.

[0024] 3. When filling the barrel, the moving plate at the bottom of the barrel makes it difficult for the material to fall into the liquid inlet hole, and the device requires the liquid to lift the moving plate to transport the liquid into the barrel. The liquid has a certain speed when it reaches the inner cavity of the shell. At this time, part of the kinetic energy in the liquid is used to lift the moving plate. In this process, the flow rate of the liquid is reduced, so the speed at which the liquid contacts the material is slower, which slows down the speed of the liquid moving in the material and prolongs the contact time between the liquid and the material, thereby enhancing the extraction effect.

[0025] 4. Turn the handle, and the handle drives the top plate to rotate. Since the third spring is in a compressed state, when the top plate moves upward, the barrel also moves upward under the action of the third spring. When the top plate is rotated out, the barrel can be pushed out under the action of the third spring, making it easier to take out the barrel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1The structural schematic diagram of the extraction kettle shown;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the extraction kettle from another angle shown;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a local structure of the structure shown;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a local structure of the structure shown;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the structure shown;

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of the first extrusion ring and the second extrusion ring shown;

[0034] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the moving plate of the second embodiment of the laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction apparatus provided by the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of the structure shown from another angle.

[0036] Numbers in the figure: 1. Extractor; 2. Shell; 3. Separation kettle; 4. Cylinder; 5. Liquid inlet; 6. Movable hole; 7. Movable column; 8. Infusion hole; 9. Diverter plate; 10. Outlet plate; 11. First extrusion ring; 12. Second extrusion ring; 13. Air bag; 14. Extrusion block; 15. Moving plate; 16. First connecting plate; 17. First spring; 18. Top plate; 19. Handle; 20. Support column; 21. Filter plate; 22. Rubber ring; 23. Liquid outlet; 24. Moving block; 25. Insert rod; 26. Second spring; 27. Second connecting plate; 28. Straight pipe; 29. ​​Oblique pipe; 30. Sealing pad; 31. Docking ring; 32. Fixed plate; 33. Sleeve; 34. Movable rod; 35. Third spring; 36. Receiver plate; 37. Positioning rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10 ,in, Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the extraction kettle shown; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the extraction kettle from another angle shown; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown; Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a local structure of the structure shown; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a local structure of the structure shown; Figure 7 for Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of A shown in FIG. Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of the first extrusion ring and the second extrusion ring shown; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the moving plate of the second embodiment of the laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction apparatus provided by the present invention; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of the structure shown from another angle.

[0039] In the specific implementation process:

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 8As shown, it includes an extractor 1, on which an extraction kettle and a separation kettle 3 are installed. The extraction kettle includes a shell 2, a barrel 4, an end cover device, a first extrusion ring 11, a second extrusion ring 12 and a plurality of extrusion devices. The shell 2 is installed on the extractor 1, and a liquid inlet hole 5 is provided at the bottom of the shell 2. The barrel 4 is arranged in the shell 2. A movable hole 6 is provided at the bottom of the barrel 4. A movable column 7 is movably provided in the movable hole 6. Elastic members are provided in a plurality of grooves provided on the inner wall of the movable hole 6. One end of the elastic member is connected to the movable column 7. A movable plate 15 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable column 7. A gap is provided between the edge of the movable plate 15 and the inner cavity side wall of the barrel 4. The end cover device is connected to the top of the shell 2, the first extrusion ring 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the barrel 4, and the second extrusion ring 12 is fixedly installed on the inner cavity bottom wall of the shell 2. The bottom of the first extrusion ring 11 and the top of the second extrusion ring 12 are both inclined surfaces, and sealing rings are fixedly installed on the two inclined surfaces. The two sealing rings fit together, and the top of the airbag 13 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the barrel 4. Multiple extrusion devices are evenly installed in a ring shape on the bottom of the movable column 7. When the movable column 7 moves up, one end of the extrusion device squeezes the airbag 13. The end cover device is installed on the shell 2. The liquid has a certain speed when it reaches the inner cavity of the shell 2. At this time, part of the kinetic energy in the liquid is used to lift the moving plate 15, so that the liquid flows out from the gap set between the edge of the moving plate 15 and the inner cavity side wall of the barrel 4. In this process, the flow rate of the liquid is reduced, so the speed of the liquid in contact with the material is slow, which slows down the speed of the liquid moving in the material and prolongs the contact time between the liquid and the material.

[0042] The elastic member includes a first connecting plate 16 and a first spring 17. One end of the first connecting plate 16 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable column 7. The other end of the first connecting plate 16 is movably arranged in the groove formed by the movable hole 6. The two ends of the first spring 17 are respectively fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 16 and the inner wall of the groove of the movable hole 6. Through the elastic member, when no liquid is introduced or the barrel 4 is taken out, the bottom of the movable plate 15 is in contact with the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the barrel 4 under the action of the first spring 17, so that the material is not easy to fall off.

[0043] The end cover device includes a top plate 18, a support column 20 and a filter plate 21. The top plate 18 is threadedly connected to the housing 2. A handle 19 is installed on the top of the top plate 18. The bottom of the top plate 18 is fixedly connected to the support column 20. The bottom of the support column 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the filter plate 21. The size of the filter plate 21 is adapted to the inner cavity size of the barrel 4.

[0044] A liquid outlet 23 is provided on the side wall of the barrel 4 near the top, a rubber ring 22 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing 2, and a groove for the rubber ring 22 to move into is provided on the top plate 18. The rubber ring 22 is provided to enhance the sealing effect.

[0045] The extrusion device includes a moving block 24, an insertion rod 25, a second spring 26, a second connecting plate 27 and an extrusion block 14. The moving block 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable column 7. One end of the moving block 24 is an inclined surface. The insertion rod 25 is fixedly installed in a groove opened at the bottom of the barrel 4. The insertion rod 25 is movably inserted into the second connecting plate 27. The second connecting plate 27 is fixedly connected to the extrusion block 14. One end of the extrusion block 14 is provided with an inclined surface. The inclined surface of the moving block 24 fits the inclined surface of the extrusion block 14. The two ends of the second spring 26 are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the second connecting plate 27 and the inner wall of the groove at the bottom of the barrel 4. When the movable column 7 moves up, the moving block 24 is driven up The movable column 7 moves upward, thereby squeezing the squeezing block 14, thereby driving the squeezing block 14 to move toward the direction of the airbag 13. After the airbag 13 is compressed, the fit with the joint of the two sealing rings becomes tighter, thereby enhancing the sealing performance. When the hydraulic pressure becomes larger, the joint of the two sealing rings is more prone to water seepage. Due to the increase in hydraulic pressure, the movable column 7 moves upward, thereby driving the moving block 24 to move upward. The inclined surface of the moving block 24 squeezes the inclined surface of the squeezing block 14, so that the squeezing block 14 further squeezes the airbag 13. At this time, the squeezing force of the airbag 13 is increased, thereby strengthening the squeezing of the airbag 13 on the joint of the two sealing rings, making the joint of the two sealing rings less prone to water seepage;

[0046] An annular groove is provided on the inclined surface of the second extrusion ring 12, and a corresponding through hole is provided at the position of the sealing ring on the second extrusion ring 12 corresponding to the annular groove. A plurality of straight tubes 28 are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove of the second extrusion ring 12, and one end of the plurality of straight tubes 28 is connected to an inclined tube 29, and one end of the inclined tube 29 is connected to the liquid inlet hole 5. If liquid penetrates between the two sealing rings, it flows through the annular groove of the second extrusion ring 12, moves down along the plurality of straight tubes 28 to the inclined tube 29, and re-introduces the liquid into the liquid inlet hole 5 through the inclined tube 29;

[0047] A sealing gasket 30 with an annular structure is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell 2, and a docking ring 31 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the barrel 4. A groove is provided at the bottom of the docking ring 31, and the docking ring 31 can be moved into the groove of the docking ring 31. The sealing gasket 30 is arranged to enhance the sealing effect. A plurality of evenly distributed fixing plates 32 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the barrel 4. A plurality of movable parts corresponding to the plurality of fixing plates 32 are installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell 2. The movable parts include a sleeve 33, a movable rod 34, a third spring 35 and a receiving plate 36. The bottom of the sleeve 33 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell 2. The movable rod 34 is a third spring 35 and a receiving plate 36. The movable rod 34 is movably arranged on the inner side of the sleeve 33, and the top of the movable rod 34 is fixedly connected to the receiving plate 36. The top of the receiving plate 36 is fixedly installed with a positioning rod 37. The positioning rod 37 is movably inserted into the through hole opened in the fixed plate 32. The two ends of the third spring 35 are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell 2 and the bottom of the receiving plate 36. The top plate 18 rotates. Since the third spring 35 is in a compressed state, when the top plate 18 moves upward, the barrel 4 also moves upward under the action of the third spring 35. When the top plate 18 is rotated out, the barrel 4 can be pushed out under the action of the third spring 35, which is convenient for taking out the barrel 4.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] like Figure 9-10 As shown, based on the same structure as the first embodiment, the difference from the first embodiment is that:

[0050] The size of the movable plate 15 is adapted to the size of the inner cavity of the barrel 4. A groove is provided on the top of the movable plate 15. A circle of infusion holes 8 is provided near the edge of the bottom wall of the groove of the movable plate 15. A diverter plate 9 and an outflow plate 10 are fixedly connected from top to bottom in the groove provided on the top of the movable plate 15. The diverter plate 9 and the outflow plate 10 are provided with a plurality of through holes. The aperture of the through hole on the diverter plate 9 gradually decreases in the direction away from the center of the circle. The aperture of the through hole on the outflow plate 10 is consistent. The liquid enters the infusion hole 8 from the gap between the movable column 7 and the movable hole 6. The liquid flows into the groove of the movable plate 15, and then enters the groove of the movable plate 15. Since a plurality of through holes are provided on the diverter plate 9 and the outlet plate 10, the aperture of the through hole on the diverter plate 9 gradually decreases in the direction away from the center of the circle, and the aperture of the through hole on the outlet plate 10 is consistent. When the liquid flow rate is large, the aperture of the diverter plate 9 is small, and part of the liquid is discharged from the aperture with a smaller aperture of the diverter plate 9. When the liquid flow rate is large, the aperture of the diverter plate 9 is large, and the remaining liquid is discharged from the aperture with a larger aperture, so that the liquid distribution is more uniform, which is convenient for the contact between the liquid and the material.

[0051] The working principle provided by the present invention is as follows: when the device is used, the barrel 4 is placed in the housing 2, so that the multiple positioning rods 37 are movably inserted on the multiple fixing plates 32, and the material is put into the barrel 4. Then, the handle 19 is turned, and the top plate 18 moves downward while turning, and the material is pressed through the filter plate 21. The top plate 18 presses the barrel 4, so that the third spring 35 is compressed, and the barrel 4 drives the first extrusion ring 11 to move downward, and the two sealing rings are squeezed against each other. After the top plate 18 is installed, the two sealing rings, the sealing gasket 30 and the rubber ring 22 are all in a compressed state, and the liquid carbon dioxide passes through the liquid inlet hole 5. Entering into the inner side of the housing 2, the movable column 7 is squeezed. Under the action of the liquid, the movable column 7 drives the movable plate 15 to move upward, the first spring 17 is compressed, and the liquid enters the infusion hole 8 from the gap between the movable column 7 and the movable hole 6, and then enters the groove of the movable plate 15. Since a plurality of through holes are provided on the diverter plate 9 and the outflow plate 10, the aperture of the through hole on the diverter plate 9 gradually decreases in the direction away from the center of the circle, and the aperture of the through hole on the outflow plate 10 is consistent. When the liquid flow rate is large, the aperture of the diverter plate 9 is small, and part of the liquid is discharged from the aperture with a smaller aperture of the diverter plate 9. When the liquid flow rate is large, the diverter plate 9 The aperture of the plate 9 is relatively large, and the remaining liquid is discharged from the aperture with the larger aperture, so that the liquid distribution is more uniform. In addition, when the movable column 7 moves upward, it drives the movable block 24 to move upward, thereby squeezing the squeezing block 14, thereby driving the squeezing block 14 to move toward the airbag 13. After the airbag 13 is compressed, the fit with the joint of the two sealing rings is tighter, thereby enhancing the sealing performance. When the hydraulic pressure becomes larger, the joint of the two sealing rings is more prone to water seepage. Due to the increase in hydraulic pressure, the movable column 7 moves upward, so the squeezing force on the airbag 13 is increased, thereby strengthening the squeezing of the airbag 13 on the joint of the two sealing rings, so that the two sealing rings are more tightly sealed. The joint of the rings is not easy to leak water. In addition, if liquid penetrates between the two sealing rings, it flows through the annular groove of the second extrusion ring 12, moves down along the multiple straight tubes 28 to the inclined tube 29, and re-introduces the liquid into the liquid inlet hole 5 through the inclined tube 29. In addition, when filling the barrel 4, the movable plate 15 at the bottom of the barrel 4 makes it difficult for the material to fall into the liquid inlet hole 5, and the device requires the liquid to lift the movable plate 15 before the liquid can be transported into the barrel 4. Therefore, the flow rate of the liquid at this time is slow, thereby slowing down the speed of the liquid moving in the material, prolonging the contact time between the liquid and the material, and thus enhancing the extraction effect.

[0052] The circuits and controls involved in the present invention are all prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument, characterized in that: The invention comprises an extractor (1), wherein an extraction kettle and a separation kettle (3) are installed on the extractor (1), wherein the extraction kettle comprises a shell (2), a barrel (4), an end cover device, a first extrusion ring (11), a second extrusion ring (12) and a plurality of extrusion devices, wherein the shell (2) is installed on the extractor (1), a liquid inlet hole (5) is provided at the bottom of the shell (2), the barrel (4) is arranged in the shell (2), a movable hole (6) is provided at the bottom of the barrel (4), a movable column (7) is movably provided in the movable hole (6), elastic members are provided in the plurality of grooves provided on the inner wall of the movable hole (6), one end of the elastic member is connected to the movable column (7), and the top of the movable column (7) is provided with a movable hole (6) and a movable column (7) is provided with a movable column (7). A movable plate (15) is fixedly installed, the end cover device is connected to the top of the shell (2), the first extrusion ring (11) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the barrel (4), the second extrusion ring (12) is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell (2), the bottom of the first extrusion ring (11) and the top of the second extrusion ring (12) are both inclined surfaces, and sealing rings are fixedly installed on the two inclined surfaces. The two sealing rings are fitted together, and the top of the airbag (13) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the barrel (4). A plurality of the extrusion devices are evenly installed in a ring shape at the bottom of the movable column (7). When the movable column (7) moves upward, one end of the extrusion device squeezes the airbag (13), and the end cover device is installed on the shell (2).

2. The laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member comprises a first connecting plate (16) and a first spring (17), one end of the first connecting plate (16) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable column (7), the other end of the first connecting plate (16) is movably arranged in a groove formed by the movable hole (6), and the two ends of the first spring (17) are respectively fixedly connected to the first connecting plate (16) and the inner wall of the groove of the movable hole (6).

3. The laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end cover device comprises a top plate (18), a support column (20) and a filter plate (21); the top plate (18) is threadedly connected to the outer shell (2); a handle (19) is installed on the top of the top plate (18); the bottom of the top plate (18) is fixedly connected to the support column (20); the bottom of the support column (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the filter plate (21); the size of the filter plate (21) is adapted to the size of the inner cavity of the barrel (4).

4. The laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: A liquid outlet hole (23) is provided on the side wall of the barrel (4) near the top, a rubber ring (22) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the shell (2), and a groove for the rubber ring (22) to move into is provided on the top plate (18).

5. The laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extrusion device comprises a moving block (24), an insert rod (25), a second spring (26), a second connecting plate (27) and an extrusion block (14); the moving block (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable column (7); one end of the moving block (24) is an inclined surface; the insert rod (25) is fixedly installed in a groove provided at the bottom of the barrel (4); the insert rod (25) is movably inserted into the second connecting plate (27); the second connecting plate (27) is fixedly connected to the extrusion block (14); one end of the extrusion block (14) is provided with an inclined surface; the inclined surface of the moving block (24) is in contact with the inclined surface of the extrusion block (14); and the two ends of the second spring (26) are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the second connecting plate (27) and the inner wall of the groove at the bottom of the barrel (4).

6. The laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular groove is provided on the inclined surface of the second extrusion ring (12); a corresponding through hole is provided on the sealing ring on the second extrusion ring (12) at a position corresponding to the annular groove; a plurality of straight tubes (28) are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove of the second extrusion ring (12); one end of the plurality of straight tubes (28) is connected to an inclined tube (29); one end of the inclined tube (29) is connected to the liquid inlet hole (5).

7. The laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing gasket (30) with an annular structure is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell (2), and a docking ring (31) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the barrel (4). A groove is provided at the bottom of the docking ring (31), and the docking ring (31) can be moved into the groove of the docking ring (31).

8. The laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of evenly distributed fixed plates (32) are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the barrel (4); a plurality of movable parts corresponding to the plurality of fixed plates (32) are mounted on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell (2); the movable parts include a sleeve (33), a movable rod (34), a third spring (35) and a receiving plate (36); the bottom of the sleeve (33) is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell (2); the movable rod (34) is movably arranged on the inner side of the sleeve (33); the top of the movable rod (34) is fixedly connected to the receiving plate (36); a positioning rod (37) is fixedly mounted on the top of the receiving plate (36); the positioning rod (37) is movably inserted into a through hole provided in the fixed plate (32); and the two ends of the third spring (35) are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the shell (2) and the bottom of the receiving plate (36).

9. The laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is provided between the edge of the movable plate (15) and the inner cavity side wall of the barrel (4).

10. The laboratory-specific desktop supercritical extraction instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the movable plate (15) is adapted to the size of the inner cavity of the barrel (4). A groove is provided on the top of the movable plate (15). A circle of infusion holes (8) is provided near the edge of the bottom wall of the groove of the movable plate (15). A diverter plate (9) and an outlet plate (10) are fixedly connected from top to bottom in the groove provided on the top of the movable plate (15). The diverter plate (9) and the outlet plate (10) are provided with a plurality of through holes, wherein the apertures of the through holes on the diverter plate (9) gradually decrease in a direction away from the center of the circle, and the apertures of the through holes on the outlet plate (10) are of the same size.

Images