Crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy round ingot
By designing spiral drainage plates and fins in the crystallizer, the problems of reduced cooling water flow velocity and uneven distribution in traditional crystallizers are solved, and the forming quality and heat transfer efficiency of copper ingots are significantly improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520645230.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-08
AI Technical Summary
When casting copper and copper alloy ingots, traditional crystallizers have problems such as insufficient heat exchange efficiency, reduced cooling water flow velocity and uneven distribution, resulting in the formation of local high-temperature zones, affecting the forming and quality of copper ingots.
A crystallizer including an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a gland, a water spray mechanism and a spiral drainage plate are designed. The spiral drainage plate is located in the cooling water cavity, the pitch decreases from top to bottom, and the fins are installed on the spiral drainage plate to assist in the diversion and enhance turbulence.
Through the design of the spiral drainage plate, the cooling water flow rate gradually increases, avoiding the formation of local high-temperature zones, significantly improving the heat transfer efficiency and the forming quality of the copper ingot. The distribution of fins not only improves heat transfer efficiency, but also enhances the mechanical strength of the spiral drainage plate.
Smart Images
Figure CN222856674U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of crystallizers, and in particular provides a crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy round ingots. Background Art
[0002] The crystallizer is a continuous casting device that receives the molten metal injected from the intermediate tank and solidifies it into a solid shell according to the specified cross-sectional shape. It is the most critical component of the continuous casting machine, and its structure, material and performance parameters play a decisive role in the quality of the ingot and the production capacity of the casting machine. The crystallizer generally sets a cooling water chamber between the inner forming cylinder and the outer cover, and injects cooling water to cool the molten metal so that it solidifies and forms. However, the traditional crystallizer still has the problem of insufficient heat exchange efficiency. The traditional crystallizer generally adopts a straight flow channel or a simple water chamber design. After the cooling water enters, it will be directly sprayed into the inner cylinder, resulting in a decrease in water flow speed and uneven distribution, which is easy to form a local high temperature zone, which in turn leads to problems such as copper ingot breaking and copper exposure. At the same time, there is also the problem of insufficient heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, a crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots is needed. Utility Model Content
[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots, comprising an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a pressure cover, a water spray mechanism and a spiral guide plate, the inner cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer cylinder, the pressure cover is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the outer cylinder, and a cooling water chamber is formed between the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder and the pressure cover, the water spray mechanism is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the inner cylinder, the inner surface of the outer cylinder is fixedly installed with a spiral guide plate, and the spiral guide plate is located in the cooling water chamber, the pitch of the spiral guide plate decreases from top to bottom, and fins are evenly fixedly installed on the upper surface of the spiral guide plate.
[0005] Furthermore, a water inlet pipe is mounted on the upper side of the outer surface of the outer cylinder, a water outlet pipe is mounted on the lower side of the outer surface of the outer cylinder, and a large pitch side of the spiral guide plate is close to the water inlet pipe.
[0006] Furthermore, the inner cylinder includes a forming section, a connecting section and a flange section, the connecting section and the flange section are integrally formed at the upper and lower ends of the forming section respectively, an annular mounting groove is provided on the inner surface of the forming section, and a graphite cylinder is installed in the annular mounting groove.
[0007] Furthermore, vertical graphene nanosheets are electrodeposited on the outer surface of the forming section.
[0008] Furthermore, a stepped groove is formed on the upper surface of the flange section, and a stepped protrusion is integrally formed on the lower end of the outer cylinder, and the stepped protrusion is inserted into the stepped groove.
[0009] Furthermore, a fixing ring is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the gland, an annular slot is provided on the upper side of the inner surface of the outer cylinder and the outer side of the upper surface of the connecting section, and the fixing ring is inserted into the annular slot.
[0010] Furthermore, the water spray mechanism includes a fixed cylinder and a nozzle assembly, a threaded ring is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed cylinder, an annular groove is provided on the lower surface of the flange section, and a thread matching the threaded ring is provided on the inner wall of the annular groove, and the threaded ring is screwed into the annular groove, an annular water cavity is provided in the fixed cylinder, and a plurality of nozzle assemblies are evenly fixedly installed on the lower surface of the fixed cylinder, and the nozzle assembly is connected to the annular water cavity, and the outlet of the nozzle assembly is inclined inward by 45°.
[0011] Furthermore, a phase change cavity is provided on the lower surface of the spiral guide plate, and a phase change component is installed in the phase change cavity.
[0012] Furthermore, a spiral groove is provided on the surface of the fin.
[0013] Furthermore, the fins are installed on the spiral guide plate at an angle of 45°.
[0014] The beneficial effects of using the utility model are:
[0015] The utility model arranges a spiral drainage plate in the cooling water cavity to drain the cooling water so that the water flows along the spiral path to evenly cover the surface of the inner cylinder. At the same time, the spiral drainage plate is arranged with a decreasing pitch from top to bottom to produce a Bernoulli effect. The flow rate of the cooling water gradually increases under the action of the spiral drainage plate, which can effectively avoid the formation of a local high temperature zone, carry out effective cooling and temperature reduction, and ensure the smooth forming and movement of the copper ingot.
[0016] The utility model provides fins on the spiral guide plate to assist in guiding flow. The fins are provided with spiral grooves, which can induce eddy currents in the water flow, increase the Reynolds number, and thus significantly improve the heat transfer efficiency. At the same time, the distribution of the fins can disperse stress and thus enhance the mechanical strength of the spiral guide plate.
[0017] The utility model arranges graphite cylinders and graphene nanosheets inside and outside the inner cylinder respectively, which can effectively improve the thermal conductivity and complete the heat exchange between the metal and the cooling water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the water spray mechanism of the first embodiment of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 3It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the spiral drainage plate of the utility model.
[0021] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fin of the utility model.
[0022] Figure 5 This is a front cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the present utility model.
[0023] The reference numerals include: 1, outer cylinder, 11, water inlet pipe, 12, water outlet pipe, 2, inner cylinder, 21, molding section, 22, connecting section, 23, flange section, 231, annular groove, 24, graphite cylinder, 3, pressure cover, 31, fixing ring, 4, water spraying mechanism, 41, fixing cylinder, 42, threaded ring, 43, annular water cavity, 44, nozzle assembly, 45, drainage hole, 5, spiral drainage plate, 51, phase change assembly, 6, fin, 61, spiral groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0025] Embodiment 1
[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 4 A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots, comprising an outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder 2, a pressure cover 3, a water spray mechanism 4 and a spiral guide plate 5, the inner cylinder 2 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer cylinder 1, the pressure cover 3 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the outer cylinder 1, and a cooling water cavity is formed between the outer cylinder 1, the inner cylinder 2 and the pressure cover 3, the water spray mechanism 4 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the inner cylinder 2, the inner surface of the outer cylinder 1 is fixedly installed with a spiral guide plate 5, and the spiral guide plate 5 is located in the cooling water cavity, the pitch of the spiral guide plate 5 decreases from top to bottom, and fins 6 are evenly fixedly installed on the upper surface of the spiral guide plate 5.
[0027] The inner cylinder 2 has a cylindrical space inside, which allows the cast copper and copper alloy to form an ingot.
[0028] The spiral guide plate 5 serves to guide the cooling water. The width of the spiral guide plate 5 is the same as the radius difference between the outer tube 1 and the inner tube 2. The spiral guide plate 5 can divide the cooling water cavity into spiral water channels, increase the contact time with the outer surface of the inner tube 2, and improve the heat exchange effect.
[0029] The pitch design of the spiral guide plate 5, combined with the cooling water flowing from top to bottom, utilizes the Bernoulli effect to increase the cooling water flow rate, avoid the formation of local high temperature areas, and effectively avoid the occurrence of copper ingot breaking, copper exposure, etc., ensuring the smooth cooling and production of the copper ingot.
[0030] The fins 6 play a role in assisting flow guidance and enhancing turbulence disturbance, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency.
[0031] The distribution of the fins 6 can disperse stress and thus enhance the mechanical strength of the spiral guide plate 6 .
[0032] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, a water inlet pipe 11 is mounted on the upper side of the outer surface of the outer cylinder 1 , a water outlet pipe 12 is mounted on the lower side of the outer surface of the outer cylinder 1 , and the large pitch side of the spiral guide plate 5 is close to the water inlet pipe 11 .
[0033] The water inlet pipe 11 is connected to the cooling water tank to provide cooling water to the cooling water chamber.
[0034] The water outlet pipe 12 is connected to a water pipe and is used to drain the cooling water after heat exchange.
[0035] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, the inner cylinder 2 includes a molding section 21, a connecting section 22 and a flange section 23. The connecting section 22 and the flange section 23 are integrally formed at the upper and lower ends of the molding section 21 respectively. An annular mounting groove is provided on the inner surface of the molding section 21, and a graphite cylinder 24 is installed in the annular mounting groove.
[0036] The graphite cylinder 24 has good thermal conductivity, which improves the heat exchange efficiency, and has lower friction, so that the copper ingot can move down smoothly.
[0037] Specifically, vertical graphene nanosheets are electrodeposited on the outer surface of the forming section 21 .
[0038] The electrochemical deposition process is used to prepare a vertically oriented graphene array on the outer surface of the forming section 21 of the inner tube 2, forming a three-dimensional structure similar to a nanobrush, which significantly increases the specific surface area and effectively improves the thermal conductivity.
[0039] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, a stepped groove is formed on the upper surface of the flange section 23, and a stepped protrusion is integrally formed at the lower end of the outer cylinder 1, and the stepped protrusion is inserted into the stepped groove to achieve the installation of the outer cylinder 1 and the lower end of the inner cylinder 2.
[0040] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, a fixing ring 31 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the gland 3, and an annular slot is opened on the upper side of the inner surface of the outer cylinder 1 and the outer side of the upper surface of the connecting section 22, and the fixing ring 31 is inserted into the annular slot to realize the installation of the gland 3 on the upper ends of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2.
[0041] Sealing gaskets are installed in the stepped groove and the annular slot to ensure the sealing of the cooling water chamber.
[0042] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water spray mechanism 4 includes a fixed cylinder 41 and a nozzle assembly 44, a threaded ring 42 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed cylinder 41, an annular groove 231 is provided on the lower surface of the flange section 23, and the inner wall of the annular groove 231 is provided with a thread matching the threaded ring 42, and the threaded ring 42 is screwed into the annular groove 231, an annular water cavity 43 is provided in the fixed cylinder 41, and a plurality of nozzle assemblies 44 are evenly fixedly installed on the lower surface of the fixed cylinder 41, and the nozzle assemblies 44 are connected to the annular water cavity 43, and the outlet of the nozzle assembly 44 is inclined inward by 45°.
[0043] In this embodiment, a water inlet plug hole is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed cylinder 41 , and the water inlet plug hole is communicated with the annular water cavity 43 , connected to an external water tank, and provides spray water to the spray pipe assembly 44 .
[0044] The spray pipe assembly 44 is arranged at an angle so that the water outlet faces the lower part of the inner tube 2, so that the formed copper ingot can be further sprayed and cooled.
[0045] The water spray mechanism 4 can be used in conjunction with a temperature measuring component to measure the temperature of the copper ingot removed from the crystallizer using a temperature measuring device, and the water output of the water spray mechanism 4 can be controlled according to the temperature to obtain copper ingots of better quality.
[0046] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, a phase change cavity is provided on the lower surface of the spiral guide plate 5, and a phase change component 51 is installed in the phase change cavity.
[0047] Phase change material is arranged inside the phase change component 51, and paraffin wax / nano-aluminum powder composite phase change material is mainly used. The solid-liquid phase change process is utilized to reduce water temperature fluctuation, realize dynamic balance of heat, and further improve the grain uniformity of the copper ingot.
[0048] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, a spiral groove 61 is formed on the surface of the fin 6 .
[0049] The spiral groove 61 can generate a local pressure gradient, induce secondary vortex, increase turbulence intensity, destroy the boundary layer steady state, and enable cooling water to contact the outer surface of the inner cylinder more effectively, thereby enhancing heat transfer efficiency.
[0050] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, the fin 6 is installed on the spiral guide plate 5 at an angle of 45°.
[0051] The inclined arrangement of the fins 6 can enhance turbulent disturbance and thus improve heat transfer efficiency.
[0052] Embodiment 2
[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference from the first embodiment is that:
[0054] There is no water outlet pipe 12 on the outer tube 1, and no water inlet jack on the fixed tube 41. Instead, a connecting drainage hole 45 is opened on the upper surface of the flange section 23 and the upper surface of the threaded ring 42. The upper side of the drainage hole 45 is connected to the cooling water cavity, and the lower side is connected to the annular water cavity 43.
[0055] In this embodiment, the spray water source of the water spray mechanism 4 is the cooling water in the cooling water chamber. The cooling water passes through the spiral guide plate 5 and flows into the annular water chamber 43 at a higher flow rate, and is finally sprayed out through the nozzle assembly 44 to assist in cooling the copper ingot.
[0056] The above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, many changes can be made in the specific implementation methods and application scopes based on the ideas of the present invention. As long as these changes do not deviate from the concept of the present invention, they all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots, characterized in that: It includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a pressure cover, a water spray mechanism and a spiral guide plate. The inner cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer cylinder, the pressure cover is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the outer cylinder, and a cooling water chamber is formed between the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder and the pressure cover. The water spray mechanism is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the inner cylinder. The inner surface of the outer cylinder is fixedly installed with a spiral guide plate, and the spiral guide plate is located in the cooling water chamber. The pitch of the spiral guide plate decreases from top to bottom, and fins are evenly fixedly installed on the upper surface of the spiral guide plate.
2. A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side of the outer surface of the outer cylinder is equipped with a water inlet pipe, the lower side of the outer surface of the outer cylinder is equipped with a water outlet pipe, and the large pitch side of the spiral guide plate is close to the water inlet pipe.
3. A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cylinder comprises a forming section, a connecting section and a flange section. The connecting section and the flange section are integrally formed at the upper and lower ends of the forming section respectively. An annular mounting groove is provided on the inner surface of the forming section. A graphite cylinder is installed in the annular mounting groove.
4. A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots according to claim 3, characterized in that: Vertical graphene nanosheets are electrodeposited on the outer surface of the forming section.
5. A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surface of the flange section is provided with a stepped groove, and the lower end of the outer cylinder is integrally formed with a stepped protrusion, which is inserted into the stepped groove.
6. A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixing ring is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the gland, an annular slot is provided on the upper side of the inner surface of the outer cylinder and the outer side of the upper surface of the connecting section, and the fixing ring is inserted into the annular slot.
7. A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water spray mechanism includes a fixed cylinder and a nozzle assembly, a threaded ring is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed cylinder, an annular groove is provided on the lower surface of the flange section, and a thread matching the threaded ring is provided on the inner wall of the annular groove, and the threaded ring is screwed into the annular groove, an annular water cavity is provided in the fixed cylinder, and a plurality of nozzle assemblies are evenly fixedly installed on the lower surface of the fixed cylinder, and the nozzle assemblies are connected to the annular water cavity, and the outlet of the nozzle assembly is inclined inward by 45°.
8. A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that: A phase change cavity is provided on the lower surface of the spiral guide plate, and a phase change component is installed in the phase change cavity.
9. A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the fin is provided with a spiral groove.
10. A crystallizer for casting copper and copper alloy ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fins are installed on the spiral guide plate at an angle of 45°.