High-voltage system of electric automobile
By adopting integrated drive components and peripheral battery-pack power distribution units in electric vehicles, the high-voltage system architecture of electric vehicles is simplified, the problems of existing system complexity and development difficulty are solved, and the effects of cost reduction, weight reduction and function expansion are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421780481.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-24
AI Technical Summary
The existing high-voltage system architecture of electric vehicles is complex, resulting in complex high-voltage control circuits, increasing the cost of wiring harness and sensing detection requirements, and the high-voltage system architecture needs to be redesigned after the development of new functions, which increases the development difficulty and progress delay.
It adopts integrated drive components and peripheral battery pack power distribution units to simplify the vehicle's high-voltage system architecture, centrally manage parts, reduce wiring harness connections, set up high-voltage fuses to protect high-voltage circuits, and reserve a wire strip box for functional expansion.
The high-voltage system of the whole vehicle is simplified, the management and development costs are reduced, the weight of the whole vehicle is reduced, the space utilization of the cabin is improved, the difficulty of maintenance and the space occupation of the external distribution box are reduced, and the function expansion needs are met without changing existing high-voltage components.
Smart Images
Figure CN222859229U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric vehicle electrical systems, in particular to a high-voltage system for an electric vehicle. Background Art
[0002] The technical core of electric vehicle control lies in the efficient high-voltage system architecture, which is built around the power battery pack and works with the distribution box, drive motor and controller to form a complete energy management and power output system. With the modular integration of electric vehicle functions and the service-oriented trend of vehicle development, the vehicle provides a variety of technical support.
[0003] However, behind the increasingly rich technical support is the increase of increasingly complex and comprehensive control equipment. In the process of existing technology development, the high-voltage system architecture of electric vehicles mostly adopts a split layout, and the controller is distributed in the high-voltage system architecture, which makes the high-voltage control circuit more complicated, requires more wiring harness cost investment and requires more sensor detection devices to detect and control the high-voltage system architecture. On the other hand, the existing high-voltage architecture needs to connect the relevant control circuits to the high-voltage system architecture after the development of new vehicle functions, so the high-voltage system architecture needs to be redesigned for layout coordination and adjustment, which increases the difficulty of development and delays the development progress. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an electric vehicle high voltage system to solve the above technical problems in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] A high-voltage system for an electric vehicle, comprising a power battery pack, an external battery pack power distribution unit, a first integrated drive assembly for front drive, a second integrated drive assembly for rear drive, and an AC / DC charging socket; the external battery pack power distribution unit is arranged on a first side of the power battery pack and is electrically connected to the power battery pack; the first integrated drive assembly is arranged on a first side of the power battery pack and is electrically connected to the power battery pack through a first wire; the second integrated drive assembly is arranged on a second side of the power battery pack and is electrically connected to the power battery pack through a second wire, the first side and the second side being opposite sides of the power battery pack; the AC / DC charging socket is arranged on the second side of the power battery pack, is electrically connected to the power battery pack through a third wire and is electrically connected to the second integrated drive assembly through a fourth wire.
[0007] In one embodiment of the present application, the first integrated drive assembly includes a front-drive motor controller, a front-drive reduction mechanism, a front-drive motor and a front-drive DC input terminal, and the power battery pack outputs DC power to the first integrated drive assembly through a first wire and the front-drive DC input terminal; the second integrated drive assembly includes a rear-drive motor controller, a rear-drive reduction mechanism, a rear-drive motor, an on-board charger, a DC-DC converter, a power distribution unit and a DC-AC converter.
[0008] In one embodiment of the present application, the power battery pack also includes a positive contactor, a negative contactor, a fast-charging positive contactor, a fast-charging negative contactor, a power battery pack, a pre-charging circuit and a battery pack main fuse; the fast-charging positive contactor, the positive contactor, the battery pack main fuse and the positive electrode of the power battery pack are connected in series, and the battery pack main fuse is arranged between the positive contactor and the power battery pack; the pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the positive contactor, and the pre-charging circuit includes a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor connected in series; the negative contactor, the fast-charging negative contactor and the negative electrode of the power battery pack are electrically connected in series; the fast-charging positive contactor and the fast-charging negative contactor are electrically connected to the AC / DC charging socket through a third wire.
[0009] In one embodiment of the present application, the external battery pack power distribution unit includes a first power distribution output terminal and a second power distribution output terminal for outputting direct current, the first power distribution output terminal and the second power distribution output terminal are respectively provided with high-voltage fuses for protecting the high-voltage circuit, and the external battery pack power distribution unit is electrically connected to the positive contactor and the negative contactor.
[0010] In one embodiment of the present application, the electric vehicle high-voltage system also includes a front PTC heater, a rear PTC heater and a compressor; the front PTC heater is electrically connected to the first power distribution output terminal; the rear PTC heater is electrically connected to the second integrated drive assembly; and the compressor is electrically connected to the second power distribution output terminal.
[0011] In one embodiment of the present application, the electric vehicle high-voltage system also includes a two-to-four connector and a junction box; the two-to-four connector is arranged on the second side of the power battery pack and is electrically connected to the positive contactor and the negative contactor of the power battery pack; the two-to-four connector includes a first power distribution output terminal and a second power distribution output terminal, the first power distribution output terminal is electrically connected to the second integrated drive assembly through a second wire and outputs direct current, and the second power distribution output terminal is electrically connected to the junction box through a fifth wire and outputs direct current.
[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the junction box includes at least one branch output terminal for powering functional expansion, each branch output terminal outputs direct current, and a high-voltage fuse is provided at the positive pole of each branch output terminal.
[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the second integrated drive assembly further includes a first rear-drive output terminal and a second rear-drive output terminal for powering functional expansion; the second integrated drive assembly outputs direct current to the rear PTC heater through the first rear-drive output terminal.
[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the second integrated drive assembly outputs AC power to the AC / DC charging socket through the fourth wire, and the AC / DC charging socket outputs converted DC power to the power battery pack through the third wire. The third wire is an unshielded wire, and the fourth wire is a shielded wire.
[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the first wire, the second wire, the fourth wire and the fifth wire, as well as the electrical connections between the components, all use a high-voltage wire harness, and the high-voltage wire harness uses a shielded wire.
[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution include: by integrating multiple components of the front drive and rear drive into a first integrated drive component and a second integrated drive component, the existing complex high-voltage system of the whole vehicle is simplified, the components of the high-voltage system architecture of the whole vehicle are centrally managed, and the management cost of the high-voltage system architecture is reduced; secondly, the integrated components reduce wiring harness connections, reduce the development cost of the high-voltage components of the whole vehicle, and reduce the weight of the high-voltage system of the whole vehicle, thereby reducing the weight of the whole vehicle; the simplified high-voltage system of the whole vehicle can save layout space and increase the available space in the cabin space; an external battery pack distribution unit is set up to reduce the difficulty of battery pack maintenance while meeting the power distribution requirements, and reduce the space occupied by the external distribution box, making the layout of the whole vehicle more flexible; the branch output terminal of the distribution box and the second rear drive output terminal are reserved for function expansion power supply, and the expansion function is flexible, which can effectively meet future function expansion needs, and there is no need to change the existing high-voltage components.
[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory and cannot limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high voltage system structure of an electric vehicle of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high voltage system architecture connection of an electric vehicle of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following will refer to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to illustrate the implementation of the utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the utility model from the contents disclosed in this specification. The utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the utility model. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the utility model, not for limiting the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0022] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only used to schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the illustrations only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.
[0023] In the following description, a large number of details are discussed to provide a more thorough explanation of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in the form of block diagrams rather than in detail to avoid making the embodiments of the present invention difficult to understand.
[0024] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high voltage system of an electric vehicle of the utility model.
[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, a high-voltage system for an electric vehicle includes a power battery pack 108, an external battery pack power distribution unit 102, a first integrated drive assembly 101 for front driving, a second integrated drive assembly 105 for rear driving, and an AC / DC charging socket 104. And a high-voltage wiring harness associated between the components.
[0026] In one embodiment of the present application, the external battery pack power distribution unit 102 is disposed on the first side of the power battery pack 108 and is electrically connected to the power battery pack 108. The external battery pack power distribution unit 102 integrates the power distribution unit outside the battery pack, which not only meets the power distribution demand, but also reduces the difficulty of battery pack maintenance, without opening the cover for maintenance, and reduces the space occupied by a separate power distribution box, making the vehicle layout more flexible.
[0027] In one embodiment of the present application, the power battery pack 108 outputs direct current to the first integrated drive assembly 101 through a first wire, the first integrated drive assembly 101 is arranged on a first side of the power battery pack 108, the power battery pack 108 outputs direct current to the second integrated drive assembly 105 through a second wire, the second integrated drive assembly 105 is electrically connected to the AC / DC charging socket 104 through a fourth wire, the AC / DC charging socket 104 is electrically connected to the power battery pack 108 through a third wire, the second integrated drive assembly 105 is arranged on a second side of the power battery pack 108, and the AC / DC charging socket 104 is arranged on a second side of the power battery pack 108, wherein the first side and the second side are two opposite sides of the power battery pack 108.
[0028] The first integrated drive assembly 101 includes a front drive motor controller, a front drive deceleration mechanism, a front drive motor and a front drive DC input terminal, and the power battery pack 108 outputs DC power to the first integrated drive assembly 101 through a first wire and the front drive DC input terminal. The front drive DC input terminal is connected to the front drive motor controller, and the front drive motor controller is connected to and controls the front drive deceleration mechanism and the front drive motor.
[0029] The second integrated drive assembly 102 includes a rear-drive motor controller, a rear-drive reduction mechanism, a rear-drive motor, an on-board charger, a DC-DC converter, a power distribution unit, and a DC-AC converter. The rear-drive motor controller is connected to and controls the rear-drive reduction mechanism and the rear-drive motor, and the on-board charger, DC-DC converter, power distribution unit, and DC-AC converter are connected and coordinated to perform the charging function of the vehicle.
[0030] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high voltage system architecture connection of an electric vehicle of the utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the power battery pack 108 further includes a positive contactor, a negative contactor, a fast-charge positive contactor, a fast-charge negative contactor, a power battery pack, a pre-charge circuit, and a battery pack main fuse F1. Among them, the positive contactor, the negative contactor, the fast-charge positive contactor, and the fast-charge negative contactor are uniformly controlled by the battery management unit (BMS) to reduce the complexity of the external circuit.
[0031] Among them, the fast charging positive contactor, the positive contactor, the battery pack main fuse and the positive electrode of the power battery pack are connected in series, and the battery pack main fuse F1 is arranged between the positive contactor and the power battery pack; the pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the positive contactor, and the pre-charging circuit includes a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor R connected in series; the negative contactor, the fast charging negative contactor and the negative electrode of the power battery pack are connected in series; the fast charging positive contactor and the fast charging negative contactor are electrically connected to the AC / DC charging socket through a third wire.
[0032] In one embodiment of the present application, the external battery pack power distribution unit 102 includes a first power distribution output terminal and a second power distribution output terminal for outputting direct current. The first power distribution output terminal and the second power distribution output terminal are respectively provided with high-voltage fuses F2 and F3 for protecting the high-voltage circuit. The external battery pack power distribution unit 102 is electrically connected to the positive contactor and the negative contactor.
[0033] In one embodiment of the present application, the electric vehicle high-voltage system also includes a front PTC heater, which is electrically connected to the first power distribution output terminal; a rear PTC heater, which is electrically connected to the second integrated drive assembly 105; and a compressor, which is electrically connected to the second power distribution output terminal.
[0034] In one embodiment of the present application, the electric vehicle high-voltage system also includes a two-to-four connector and a junction box, which can effectively meet future functional expansions, and the addition of expansions does not require changes to existing high-voltage components.
[0035] The two-to-four connector 106 is arranged on the second side of the power battery pack and is electrically connected to the positive contactor and the negative contactor of the power battery pack 108. The two-to-four connector 106 includes a first power distribution output terminal and a second power distribution output terminal. The first power distribution output terminal is electrically connected to the second integrated drive component 105 through a second wire and outputs direct current, and serves as a busbar of the second integrated drive component 105. The second power distribution output terminal is electrically connected to the junction box 107 through a fifth wire and outputs direct current.
[0036] In one embodiment of the present application, the junction box 107 includes at least one branch output terminal for powering function expansion, each branch output terminal outputs direct current, and a high-voltage fuse is set at the positive pole of each branch output terminal. In an embodiment of the present application, two branch output terminals are set for connecting expansion function 2 and expansion function 3, and the two branch output terminals are respectively provided with high-voltage fuse F4 and high-voltage fuse F5.
[0037] In one embodiment of the present application, the second integrated drive assembly 105 further includes a first rear-drive output terminal and a second rear-drive output terminal for powering functional expansion.
[0038] The second integrated drive assembly 105 outputs direct current to the rear PTC heater through the first rear drive output terminal.
[0039] In one embodiment of the present application, the AC / DC charging socket 104 is an integrated AC / DC charging socket, which can reduce costs and assembly time compared to a split socket.
[0040] The second integrated drive assembly 105 outputs AC power to the AC / DC charging socket 104 through the fourth wire, and the AC / DC charging socket 104 outputs the converted DC power to the power battery pack 108 through the third wire DC harness 103. The third wire DC harness 103 uses an unshielded wire, and the AC harness uses a shielded wire. Among them, the third wire DC harness 103 selects a wire of suitable wire diameter and material according to the actual charging current. In some embodiments of the present application, a large square aluminum wire is selected, which can achieve a significant weight reduction effect and reduce cost investment. The third wire DC harness 103 is directly connected to the fast charging positive contactor and the fast charging negative contactor of the power battery pack 108, which reduces the impact on other components when the DC fast charging performance is improved in the future.
[0041] In one embodiment of the present application, the first wire, the second wire, the fourth wire and the fifth wire, as well as the electrical connections between the components, all use a high-voltage wire harness, and the high-voltage wire harness uses a shielded wire.
[0042] The utility model proposes a high-voltage system for an electric vehicle, including a power battery pack 108, an external battery pack power distribution unit 102, a first integrated drive assembly 101 for front driving, a second integrated drive assembly 105 for rear driving, and an AC / DC charging socket 104, wherein the external battery pack power distribution unit 102 is arranged on a first side of the power battery pack 108 and is electrically connected to the power battery pack 108; the first integrated drive assembly 101 is arranged on a first side of the power battery pack 108 and is electrically connected to the power battery pack 108 through a first wire; the second integrated drive assembly 105 is arranged on a second side of the power battery pack 108 and is electrically connected to the power battery pack 108 through a second wire, the first side and the second side being opposite sides of the power battery pack 108; the AC / DC charging socket 104 is arranged on a second side of the power battery pack 108, is electrically connected to the power battery pack 108 through a third wire and is electrically connected to the second integrated drive assembly 105 through a fourth wire. The drive assembly 105 is electrically connected; by integrating the multiple components of the front drive and rear drive into the first integrated drive assembly 101 and the second integrated drive assembly 105, the existing complex high-voltage system of the whole vehicle is simplified, the components of the high-voltage system architecture of the whole vehicle are centrally managed, and the management cost of the high-voltage system architecture is reduced; secondly, the integrated assembly reduces the wiring harness connection, reduces the development cost of the high-voltage components of the whole vehicle, and reduces the weight of the high-voltage system of the whole vehicle, thereby reducing the weight of the whole vehicle; the simplified high-voltage system of the whole vehicle can save layout space and increase the available space in the cabin space; an external battery pack distribution unit 102 is set up to reduce the difficulty of battery pack maintenance while meeting the power distribution requirements, and reduce the space occupied by the external distribution box, making the layout of the whole vehicle more flexible; the branch output terminal of the junction box 107 and the second rear drive output terminal are reserved for function expansion power supply, and the expansion function is flexible, which can effectively meet future function expansion needs, and there is no need to change the existing high-voltage components.
[0043] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. Among them, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment, or a part of the code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order from the order marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.
[0044] In the corresponding drawings of the above embodiments, connecting lines may indicate the connection relationship between the various components to indicate more constituent signal paths and / or one or more ends of some lines may have arrows to indicate the main information flow direction. Connecting lines, as a mark, are not a limitation to the scheme itself, but the use of these lines in combination with one or more exemplary embodiments helps to connect circuits or logic units more easily. Any represented signal (determined by design requirements or preferences) may actually include one or more signals that can be transmitted in either direction and implemented with any appropriate type of signal scheme.
[0045] It should be noted that, although several modules or units of the equipment for action execution are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of the present application, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. On the contrary, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided into being embodied by multiple modules or units.
[0046] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the embodiments disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present application, which follow the general principles of the present application and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not disclosed in the present application.
[0047] It should be understood that the above content is only a preferred exemplary embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the implementation scheme of the present application. A person skilled in the art can easily make corresponding changes or modifications based on the main concept and spirit of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be the scope of protection required by the claims.
Claims
1. An electric vehicle high voltage system, characterized in that: The electric vehicle high-voltage system includes a power battery pack, an external battery pack power distribution unit, a first integrated drive assembly for front drive, a second integrated drive assembly for rear drive, and an AC / DC charging socket; The external battery pack power distribution unit is disposed on a first side of the power battery pack and is electrically connected to the power battery pack; The first integrated drive assembly is disposed on a first side of the power battery pack and is electrically connected to the power battery pack via a first wire; The second integrated drive assembly is disposed on a second side of the power battery pack and is electrically connected to the power battery pack via a second wire, and the first side and the second side are two opposite sides of the power battery pack; The AC / DC charging socket is disposed on a second side of the power battery pack, and is electrically connected to the power battery pack via a third wire and to the second integrated drive assembly via a fourth wire.
2. The electric vehicle high voltage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first integrated drive assembly includes a front drive motor controller, a front drive speed reduction mechanism, a front drive motor and a front drive DC input terminal, and the power battery pack outputs DC power to the first integrated drive assembly through a first wire and the front drive DC input terminal; The second integrated drive assembly includes a rear-drive motor controller, a rear-drive reduction mechanism, a rear-drive motor, an on-board charger, a DC-DC converter, a power distribution unit and a DC-AC converter.
3. The electric vehicle high voltage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power battery pack also includes a positive contactor, a negative contactor, a fast-charging positive contactor, a fast-charging negative contactor, a power battery pack, a pre-charging circuit and a battery pack main fuse; The fast-charging positive contactor, the positive contactor, the battery pack main fuse and the positive electrode of the power battery pack are connected in series, and the battery pack main fuse is arranged between the positive contactor and the power battery pack; The pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the positive electrode contactor, and the pre-charging circuit includes a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor connected in series; The negative electrode contactor, the fast-charging negative electrode contactor and the negative electrode of the power battery pack are connected in series; The fast charging positive contactor and the fast charging negative contactor are electrically connected to the AC / DC charging socket via a third wire.
4. The electric vehicle high voltage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The external battery pack power distribution unit includes a first power distribution output terminal and a second power distribution output terminal for outputting direct current. The first power distribution output terminal and the second power distribution output terminal are respectively provided with high-voltage fuses for protecting the high-voltage circuit. The external battery pack power distribution unit is electrically connected to the positive contactor and the negative contactor.
5. The electric vehicle high voltage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electric vehicle high voltage system also includes a front PTC heater, a rear PTC heater and a compressor; The front PTC heater is electrically connected to the first power distribution output terminal; The rear PTC heater is electrically connected to the second integrated drive assembly; The compressor is electrically connected to the second power distribution output terminal.
6. The electric vehicle high voltage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electric vehicle high voltage system also includes a two-to-four connector and a junction box; The two-to-four connector is disposed on the second side of the power battery pack and is electrically connected to the positive contactor and the negative contactor of the power battery pack; The two-to-four connector includes a first power distribution output terminal and a second power distribution output terminal. The first power distribution output terminal is electrically connected to the second integrated drive component through a second wire and outputs direct current. The second power distribution output terminal is electrically connected to the junction box through a fifth wire and outputs direct current.
7. The electric vehicle high voltage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The junction box includes at least one branch output terminal for power supply for function expansion, each branch output terminal outputs direct current, and a high-voltage fuse is provided at the positive pole of each branch output terminal.
8. The electric vehicle high voltage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second integrated drive assembly further includes a first rear drive output terminal and a second rear drive output terminal for powering function expansion; The second integrated drive assembly outputs direct current to the rear PTC heater through the first rear drive output terminal.
9. The electric vehicle high voltage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second integrated drive assembly outputs AC power to the AC / DC charging socket through the fourth wire, and the AC / DC charging socket outputs converted DC power to the power battery pack through the third wire. The third wire is an unshielded wire, and the fourth wire is a shielded wire.
10. The electric vehicle high voltage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The first wire, the second wire, the fourth wire and the fifth wire, as well as the electrical connection between the components, all use a high-voltage wire harness, and the high-voltage wire harness uses a shielded wire.