Full-graphitization cathode lining structure of aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a full-graphitization cathode lining structure of an aluminum electrolysis cell, which comprises an outer cell, an inner cell arranged in the outer cell, a lining layer group arranged between the bottom wall of the inner cell and the bottom wall of the outer cell, a buffer bag arranged between the bottom wall of the inner cell and the bottom wall of the outer cell, and the inner cell is an aluminum electrolysis working cell. Wherein the outer groove is a fixed groove, the inner groove is a replaceable groove, the inner groove has a certain expansion stress under the action of thermal expansion and cold contraction in the working process, the buffer bag provides a buffer effect for expansion of the inner groove, and the buffer bag deforms when being extruded by the inner groove so as to give way for expansion of the inner groove, so that the service life of the inner groove is prolonged. And the inner groove is prevented from extruding the outer groove to cause overall damage to the lining structure, the buffer bag can keep a small gap between the inner groove and the outer groove all the time, the lining layer set plays a role in heat insulation and seepage prevention, and the overall service life of the lining structure is further prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electrolytic cell linings, and specifically relates to a fully graphitized cathode lining structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell. Background Art

[0002] Due to the overhaul of the electrolytic cell and the production cost, extending the life of the aluminum electrolytic cell has become the main research direction and urgent requirement of the current aluminum industry. The existing masonry around the electrolytic cell is built with refractory bricks and thermal insulation bricks, and the gap between the masonry and the cell shell is filled with refractory particles and alumina. The cell shell has a certain expansion stress under working conditions. When the expansion stress is large, it is easy to cause cracks in the electrolytic cell. For this reason, a fully graphitized cathode lining structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a fully graphitized cathode lining structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a fully graphitized cathode lining structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising an outer cell, an inner cell arranged inside the outer cell, an inner lining layer group arranged between the bottom wall of the inner cell and the bottom wall of the outer cell, a buffer bag arranged between the bottom wall of the inner cell and the bottom wall of the outer cell, the inner cell being an aluminum electrolysis working cell, the main body of the lining structure adopts a double-slot structure, wherein the outer cell is a fixed cell and the inner cell is a replaceable cell, during operation, the inner cell is subjected to the effects of thermal expansion and contraction and has a certain expansion stress, and the setting of the buffer bag provides a buffering effect for the expansion of the inner cell, when the buffer bag is squeezed by the inner cell, it is deformed, thereby making way for the expansion of the inner cell, preventing the inner cell from squeezing the outer cell and causing overall damage to the lining structure, and the buffer bag can always keep a small gap between the inner cell and the outer cell, the lining layer group plays a role of heat insulation and anti-seepage, further extending the service life of the overall lining structure.

[0005] Preferably, the buffer bag is composed of a ceramic fiber cloth to form a bag body structure, and the buffer bag is loaded with refractory particles. The buffer bag composed of ceramic fiber cloth can withstand high temperatures, and the added refractory particles are in a loose state and can be deformed when squeezed, thereby making way for the expansion of the inner groove, and effectively preventing the inner groove from squeezing the outer groove and causing overall damage to the lining structure.

[0006] Preferably, the upper end of the buffer bag is fixedly connected to one end of a connecting rope, the other end of the connecting rope is located outside the outer groove, and the other end of the connecting rope is fixedly connected to a pull ring, and the buffer bag can be placed in a vertical state by pulling the pull ring, so that the inner groove can enter the outer groove or be pulled out of the outer groove.

[0007] Preferably, the lining layer group includes symmetrically arranged insulating bricks, an anti-seepage brick is arranged between two of the insulating bricks, a connecting protrusion is integrally formed on the insulating brick, and connecting grooves matching the connecting protrusion are respectively opened on both sides of the anti-seepage brick, and the connecting protrusion is located in the connecting groove. The arrangement of the connecting protrusion and the connecting groove makes the connecting seam between the insulating brick and the anti-seepage brick in a continuous bending state. The insulating brick and the anti-seepage brick play a good role in insulation and anti-seepage, and effectively extend the service life of the overall lining structure.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting ear plate is integrally formed at the upper end of the inner groove, and the connecting ear plate is snapped onto the upper end of the side wall of the outer groove. The arrangement of the connecting ear plate allows the inner groove to be suspended in the outer groove, making it more convenient to remove and replace the inner groove.

[0009] Preferably, a lifting ring is symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting ear plate, and the setting of the lifting ring is convenient for connection with an external crane, further increasing the convenience of the inner tank removal and replacement operation.

[0010] Preferably, the inner tank is a fully graphitized cathode carbon block tank, in which a cathode steel rod is arranged. The sodium expansion rate of the fully graphitized cathode carbon block is relatively small. Since the fully graphitized cathode carbon block is denser in volume, has a smaller ash content, a smaller sodium absorption rate, and a smaller sodium expansion of the carbon block, the furnace bottom pressure drop of the fully graphitized cathode carbon block is relatively small, and the pressure drop changes more slowly with the increase of production time. The fully graphitized cathode carbon block has good electrical conductivity and good thermal conductivity, can withstand higher currents, and has strong adaptability and stability to locally higher currents.

[0011] Highly conductive anti-carburizing cathode steel rods are used. The purity of the highly conductive anti-carburizing cathode steel rods is high, and the reduced resistivity is beneficial to reducing their voltage drop. In addition, the surface of the highly conductive anti-carburizing cathode steel rods is treated with anti-carburizing treatment, which can maintain their high conductivity for a long time.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting rope is a steel wire rope, which has high strength and can work in a high temperature environment.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0014] The main body of the lining structure adopts a double-groove structure, in which the outer groove is a fixed groove and the inner groove is a replaceable groove. During operation, the inner groove has a certain expansion stress due to the effect of thermal expansion and contraction, and the setting of the buffer bag provides a buffering effect for the expansion of the inner groove. When the buffer bag is squeezed by the inner groove, it is deformed, thereby making way for the expansion of the inner groove, preventing the inner groove from squeezing the outer groove and causing overall damage to the lining structure. The buffer bag can always maintain a small gap between the inner groove and the outer groove. The lining layer group plays a role of insulation and anti-seepage, further extending the service life of the overall lining structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 For this utility model Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram at point A in the middle.

[0018] In the figure: 1-outer groove, 2-inner groove, 3-inner lining group, 301-insulating brick, 302-anti-seepage brick, 303-connecting protrusion, 304-connecting groove, 4-buffer bag, 5-connecting rope, 6-pull ring, 7-connecting ear plate, 8-lifting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0020] Example:

[0021] See also Figure 1-3 The utility model provides the following technical solutions: a fully graphitized cathode lining structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising an outer cell 1, an inner cell 2 is arranged inside the outer cell 1, an inner lining layer group 3 is arranged between the bottom wall of the inner cell 2 and the bottom wall of the outer cell 1, a buffer bag 4 is arranged between the bottom wall of the inner cell 2 and the bottom wall of the outer cell 1, the inner cell 2 is an aluminum electrolytic working cell, the main body of the lining structure adopts a double-cell structure, wherein the outer cell 1 is a fixed cell, the inner cell 2 is a replaceable cell, and the inner cell 2 is replaced during operation. During the process, it has a certain expansion stress due to the effect of thermal expansion and contraction, and the setting of the buffer bag 4 provides a buffer effect for the expansion of the inner groove 2. When the buffer bag 4 is squeezed by the inner groove 2, it is deformed, thereby making way for the expansion of the inner groove 2, preventing the inner groove 2 from squeezing the outer groove 1 and causing damage to the entire lining structure, and the buffer bag 4 can always keep a small gap between the inner groove 2 and the outer groove 1, and the lining layer group 3 plays a role of heat insulation and anti-seepage, further extending the service life of the entire lining structure.

[0022] Specifically, the buffer bag 4 is a bag structure composed of ceramic fiber cloth, and the buffer bag 4 is loaded with refractory particles. The buffer bag composed of ceramic fiber cloth can withstand high temperatures. The added refractory particles are in a loose state and can be deformed when squeezed, so as to make way for the expansion of the inner tank 2, thereby effectively preventing the inner tank 2 from squeezing the outer tank 1 and causing overall damage to the lining structure.

[0023] Specifically, the upper end of the buffer bag 4 is fixedly connected to one end of a connecting rope 5, the other end of the connecting rope 5 is located outside the outer tank 1, and the other end of the connecting rope 5 is fixedly connected to a pull ring 6. By pulling the pull ring 6, the buffer bag 4 can be in a vertical state, which facilitates the operation of the inner tank 2 entering the outer tank 1 or taking out the outer tank 1.

[0024] Specifically, the lining layer group 3 includes symmetrically arranged insulating bricks 301, an anti-seepage brick 302 is arranged between two of the insulating bricks 301, a connecting protrusion 303 is integrally formed on the insulating brick 301, and connecting grooves 304 adapted to the connecting protrusion 303 are respectively opened on both sides of the anti-seepage brick 302, and the connecting protrusion 303 is located in the connecting groove 304. The arrangement of the connecting protrusion 303 and the connecting groove 304 makes the connecting seam between the insulating brick 301 and the anti-seepage brick 302 in a continuous bending state. The insulating brick 301 and the anti-seepage brick 302 play a good role in insulation and anti-seepage, and effectively extend the service life of the overall lining structure.

[0025] Specifically, a connecting ear plate 7 is integrally formed at the upper end of the inner tank 2, and the connecting ear plate 7 is snapped onto the upper end of the side wall of the outer tank 1. The setting of the connecting ear plate 7 allows the inner tank 2 to be suspended in the outer tank 1, making it more convenient to remove and replace the inner tank 2.

[0026] Specifically, the upper end of the connecting ear plate 7 is symmetrically fixedly connected with a lifting ring 8, and the setting of the lifting ring 8 is convenient for connection with an external crane, further increasing the convenience of taking out and replacing the inner tank 2.

[0027] Specifically, the inner tank 2 is a fully graphitized cathode carbon block tank, in which a cathode steel rod is arranged. The sodium expansion rate of the fully graphitized cathode carbon block is relatively small. Since the fully graphitized cathode carbon block is denser in volume, has a smaller ash content, a smaller sodium absorption rate, and a smaller sodium expansion of the carbon block, the furnace bottom pressure drop of the fully graphitized cathode carbon block is relatively small, and the pressure drop changes more slowly with the increase of production time. The fully graphitized cathode carbon block has good electrical conductivity and good thermal conductivity, can withstand higher currents, and has strong adaptability and stability to locally higher currents.

[0028] Highly conductive anti-carburizing cathode steel rods are used. The purity of the highly conductive anti-carburizing cathode steel rods is high, and the reduced resistivity is beneficial to reducing their voltage drop. In addition, the surface of the highly conductive anti-carburizing cathode steel rods is treated with anti-carburizing treatment, which can maintain their high conductivity for a long time.

[0029] Specifically, the connecting rope 5 is a steel wire rope, which has high strength and can work in a high temperature environment.

[0030] Working principle: an outer tank 1 is provided, an inner tank 2 is provided inside the outer tank 1, an inner lining layer group 3 is provided between the bottom wall of the inner tank 2 and the bottom wall of the outer tank 1, a buffer bag 4 is provided between the bottom wall of the inner tank 2 and the bottom wall of the outer tank 1, the inner tank 2 is an aluminum electrolysis working tank, and the main body of the lining structure adopts a double-slot structure, in which the outer tank 1 is a fixed tank and the inner tank 2 is a replaceable tank. During operation, the inner tank 2 has a certain expansion stress due to the effect of thermal expansion and contraction, and the setting of the buffer bag 4 provides a buffering effect for the expansion of the inner tank 2. When the buffer bag 4 is squeezed by the inner tank 2, it is deformed, thereby making way for the expansion of the inner tank 2, preventing the inner tank 2 from squeezing the outer tank 1 and causing damage to the overall lining structure, and the buffer bag 4 can always keep a small gap between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 1, and the inner lining layer group 3 plays a role of insulation and anti-seepage, further extending the service life of the overall lining structure.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A fully graphitized cathode lining structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer groove (1), an inner groove (2) is arranged inside the outer groove (1), an inner lining layer group (3) is arranged between the bottom wall of the inner groove (2) and the bottom wall of the outer groove (1), and a buffer bag (4) is arranged between the bottom wall of the inner groove (2) and the bottom wall of the outer groove (1).

2. The fully graphitized cathode lining structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer bag (4) has a bag body structure formed by ceramic fiber cloth, and refractory particles are loaded in the buffer bag (4).

3. The fully graphitized cathode lining structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the buffer bag (4) is fixedly connected to one end of a connecting rope (5), the other end of the connecting rope (5) is located outside the outer groove (1), and the other end of the connecting rope (5) is fixedly connected to a pull ring (6).

4. The fully graphitized cathode lining structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lining layer group (3) comprises symmetrically arranged insulating bricks (301), an anti-seepage brick (302) is arranged between two of the insulating bricks (301), a connecting protrusion (303) is integrally formed on the insulating brick (301), and connecting grooves (304) adapted to the connecting protrusion (303) are respectively formed on both sides of the anti-seepage brick (302), and the connecting protrusion (303) is located in the connecting groove (304).

5. A fully graphitized cathode lining structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A connecting ear plate (7) is integrally formed at the upper end of the inner groove (2), and the connecting ear plate (7) is clamped on the upper end of the side wall of the outer groove (1).

6. The fully graphitized cathode lining structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end of the connecting ear plate (7) is symmetrically fixedly connected with a lifting ring (8).

7. The fully graphitized cathode lining structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner tank (2) is a fully graphitized cathode carbon block tank, and a cathode steel rod is arranged in the inner tank (2).

8. The fully graphitized cathode lining structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting rope (5) is a steel wire rope.

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