Catalytic converter, tail gas treatment system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a catalytic converter, a tail gas treatment system and a vehicle. The catalytic converter comprises a first pipeline and a catalyst. The first pipeline is suitable for being communicated with an exhaust manifold of an engine; at least part of the structure of the catalyst is arranged in the first pipeline, the distance between at least one end face of the catalyst and an air inlet port of the first pipeline is smaller than or equal to a preset value, and the air inlet port is the end, close to an exhaust manifold of the engine, of the first pipeline. According to the catalytic converter, the catalyst is arranged close to the tail gas inlet as far as possible, the catalytic path of tail gas is shortened, the temperature of the catalytic converter is increased quickly, catalysis is accelerated, and the catalytic effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle exhaust gas treatment, and in particular to a catalyst, an exhaust gas treatment system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The gradual tightening of automobile exhaust emission regulations has put forward higher performance requirements for automobile exhaust emission catalysts. The catalysts in the prior art are not conducive to automobile exhaust emission when the automobile is cold started. Utility Model Content

[0003] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the utility model content section, which will be further described in detail in the detailed implementation section. The utility model content section of this application does not mean to attempt to define the key features and essential technical features of the technical solution claimed for protection, nor does it mean to attempt to determine the scope of protection of the technical solution claimed for protection.

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the catalyst in the prior art is not conducive to the emission of automobile exhaust gas when the automobile is cold started.

[0005] In order to at least solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the first aspect of the present application provides a catalyst, characterized in that the catalyst includes a first pipe and a catalyst, the first pipe is suitable for being connected to the exhaust manifold of the engine; at least part of the structure of the catalyst is arranged in the first pipe, and the distance between at least one end face of the catalyst and the intake port of the first pipe is less than or equal to a preset value, and the intake port is an end of the first pipe close to the exhaust manifold of the engine.

[0006] The utility model arranges the catalyst as close to the tail gas inlet as possible, shortens the catalytic path of the tail gas, and the catalyst heats up quickly, which is beneficial to accelerate the catalysis and improve the catalytic effect.

[0007] Optionally, the catalyst includes a first catalyst, the first catalyst includes a first portion, the first portion is located in the first pipe, and the first portion extends along the intake port in a direction away from an exhaust manifold of the engine.

[0008] Optionally, the distance between one end of the first part close to the air inlet port and the air inlet port is 0-600 mm.

[0009] Optionally, the distance between an end of the first portion close to the air inlet port and the air inlet port is 0-90 mm.

[0010] Optionally, the distance between one end of the first portion close to the air inlet port and the air inlet port is 0 mm.

[0011] Optionally, the first catalyst also includes a second part, the second part is located in the exhaust manifold, and the second part extends along the intake port toward the exhaust manifold close to the engine; the first part and the second part of the first catalyst are two continuous parts.

[0012] Optionally, a distance between an end of the second portion away from the air inlet port and the air inlet port is greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 90 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the distance between an end of the second portion away from the air inlet port and the air inlet port is 90-200 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the distance between an end of the second portion away from the air inlet port and the air inlet port is 200 mm.

[0015] Optionally, the first pipeline also includes an exhaust pipe, a connecting piece and a cylinder, and the catalyst also includes a second catalyst, one end of the connecting piece is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the other end of the connecting piece is connected to the cylinder, the exhaust pipe and the cylinder have different diameters, the second catalyst is arranged in the cylinder, and the end of the exhaust pipe away from the cylinder is formed as the intake port.

[0016] Optionally, the catalyst includes a first catalyst and a second catalyst, the first catalyst is suitable for being arranged in the exhaust manifold, and the second catalyst is suitable for being arranged in the first pipe.

[0017] Optionally, the first catalyst includes a first end face, the first end face is an end of the first catalyst away from the air intake port, and the first catalyst extends from the first end face toward a direction close to the air intake port.

[0018] Optionally, the distance between the first end surface and the air inlet port is greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 90 mm.

[0019] Optionally, the distance between the first end surface and the air inlet port is 90-200 mm.

[0020] Optionally, the distance between the first end surface and the air inlet port is 200 mm.

[0021] Optionally, the volume of the first catalyst is 5%-10% of the volume of the second catalyst.

[0022] Optionally, the volume of the first catalyst is 0.01-2.00L.

[0023] Optionally, the volume of the first catalyst is 0.15-1.00L.

[0024] A second aspect of the present application provides an exhaust gas treatment system, characterized in that it includes the catalyst of the first aspect of the present application.

[0025] According to the exhaust gas treatment system of the second aspect of the present application, by adopting the above-mentioned catalyst, the purification of automobile exhaust gas is enhanced to a certain extent.

[0026] A third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, characterized in that it includes the exhaust gas treatment system of the second aspect of the present application.

[0027] According to the automobile of the third aspect of the present application, by adopting the above-mentioned exhaust gas treatment system, harmful gases in automobile exhaust gas are more effectively converted to achieve environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an automobile exhaust catalytic converter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an automobile exhaust catalytic converter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an automobile exhaust catalytic converter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of an automobile exhaust catalyst according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

[0033] 100, catalyst; 1, first pipeline; 10, air intake port; 11, exhaust pipe; 12, connector; 13, cylinder; 2, catalyst; 20, first catalyst; 21, first part; 22, second part; 23, second catalyst; 24, first end face; 25, second end face; 3, exhaust manifold; 4, air intake flange; 5, catalyst carrier; 50, cordierite carrier; 51, metal carrier; 52, ceramic white carrier; 6, gasket DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the utility model clearer, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the embodiments of the present application, some technical features known in the art are not described.

[0035] Herein, ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” cited in the present application are merely identifications and do not have any other meanings, such as a specific order, etc. Moreover, for example, the term “first component” itself does not imply the existence of the “second component”, and the term “second component” itself does not imply the existence of the “first component”.

[0036] In this document, “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, etc. are only used to indicate the relative position relationship between related parts, rather than to limit the absolute positions of these related parts.

[0037] In this document, “equal”, “same”, etc. are not strictly limited in a mathematical and / or geometric sense, but also include errors that can be understood by those skilled in the art and are allowed in manufacturing or use.

[0038] Unless otherwise stated, the numerical ranges herein include not only the entire range within its two endpoints but also include several sub-ranges contained therein.

[0039] Hereinafter, a catalyst 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the catalyst 100 includes a first pipe 1 and a catalyst 1. The first pipe 1 is connected to the exhaust manifold of the engine (not shown in the figure). The first pipe 1 of the catalyst 100 is generally connected to the exhaust manifold of the engine (not shown in the figure) through an intake flange 4. The engine exhaust gas enters the first pipe 1 of the catalyst 100 through the exhaust manifold for catalytic treatment before being discharged. At least part of the structure of the catalyst 1 is arranged in the first pipe 1. The catalyst 1 may include one or more catalysts. Regardless of the number of catalysts 1, the first pipe 1 must contain a catalyst 1. The distance between at least one end face of the catalyst 1 and the intake port 10 of the first pipe 1 is less than or equal to a preset value. The catalyst 1 is arranged within the preset value range, which can shorten the catalytic path of the exhaust gas ("catalytic path" refers to the path of the automobile exhaust gas to the catalyst 1, the same below), facilitate the catalyst 1 to heat up, and have a better catalytic effect. The intake port 10 is one end of the first pipe 1 close to the exhaust manifold of the engine. It can be understood that the intake port 10 is the location where the first pipe 1 is connected to the exhaust manifold. The automobile exhaust passes through the exhaust manifold of the engine and enters the first pipe 1 of the catalyst 100 through the intake port 10.

[0041] In one embodiment, if Figure 3As shown, the catalyst 1 includes a first catalyst 20, and the first catalyst 20 includes a first part 21. The first part 21 is located in the first pipe 1, and the first part 21 extends along the air intake port 10 in the direction away from the exhaust manifold of the engine. The distance between the conventional catalyst 1 and the air intake port 10 is 90-600mm. In the embodiment of the present application, the distance between the end of the first part 21 close to the air intake port 10 and the air intake port 10 is 0-600mm, which is closer than the distance between the conventional catalyst 1 and the air intake port 10, so that the temperature of the first catalyst 20 can be heated up to the efficient working temperature range faster, the catalytic effect is improved, and the purification of automobile exhaust during the cold start of the automobile is improved. In order to better improve the catalytic effect, the first part 21 of the first catalyst 20 can be closer to the air intake port 10. For example, the distance between the end of the first part 21 close to the air intake port 10 and the air intake port 10 is 0-90mm. The closer the first part 21 of the first catalyst 20 is to the air intake port 10, the faster the first catalyst 20 heats up and the higher the catalytic efficiency.

[0042] As a more preferred embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the first part 21 of the first catalyst 20 can take a limit value of 0mm, that is, the distance between the end of the first part 21 close to the intake port 10 and the intake port 10 is 0mm, that is, one end of the first part 21 of the first catalyst 20 is arranged at the intake port 10, fits with the intake port 10, and extends from the intake port 10 into the first pipe 1. The first part 21 of the first catalyst 20 is located at the intake port 10. At the moment when the automobile exhaust gas enters the catalyst 100 from the intake port 10, the first part 21 of the first catalyst 20 begins to catalytically treat the exhaust gas, which can make the first part 21 heat up faster and accelerate the catalysis.

[0043] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the first catalyst 20 also includes a second portion 22, which is located in the exhaust manifold. The second portion 22 extends along the intake port 10 toward the exhaust manifold close to the engine. In this embodiment, the first catalyst 20 can continue to extend along the intake port 10 toward the exhaust manifold close to the engine, that is, the first catalyst 20 extends into the exhaust manifold. The portion extending into the exhaust manifold with the intake port 10 as the dividing line is considered as the second portion 22 of the first catalyst 20. The first portion 21 and the second portion 22 of the first catalyst 20 are two continuous portions. The first catalyst 20 extends into the exhaust manifold, further shortening the catalytic path of the exhaust gas, and the first catalyst 20 can heat up and catalyze more quickly. In order to achieve a better catalytic effect, there are also corresponding distance requirements for the position of the second portion 22 of the first catalyst 20 in the exhaust manifold.

[0044] In one embodiment, the distance between the end of the second portion 22 away from the intake port 10 and the intake port 10 is greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 90 mm. In order to shorten the path of automobile exhaust gas entering the catalyst and achieve a better catalytic effect, the second portion 22 of the first catalyst 20 can further extend forward so that the distance between the end of the second portion 22 away from the intake port 10 and the intake port 10 is between 90-200 mm. "Front" refers to the direction extending from the intake port 10 toward the exhaust manifold.

[0045] As a more preferred embodiment, the distance between the end of the second portion 22 away from the intake port 10 and the intake port 10 can be a limit value of 200 mm, which is the shortest position of the automobile exhaust catalytic path, the first catalyst 20 heats up fastest, and the catalytic effect is better.

[0046] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-4 As shown, the first pipeline 1 also includes an exhaust pipe 11, a connector 12 and a barrel 13, and the catalyst 1 also includes a second catalyst 23. One end of the connector 12 is connected to the exhaust pipe 11, and the other end of the connector 12 is connected to the barrel 13. The diameters of the exhaust pipe 11 and the barrel 13 are different. The second catalyst 23 is arranged in the barrel 13, and the end of the exhaust pipe 11 away from the barrel 13 is formed as an intake port 10. In this embodiment, the second catalyst 23 is located in the barrel 13, which is a traditional arrangement. On the basis of the traditional catalyst 1, a first catalyst 20 is added. The first catalyst 20 can be located in the exhaust pipe 11. By setting the distance from the first catalyst 20 to the intake port 10, the first catalyst 20 is in a suitable catalytic position, so that the first catalyst 20 heats up faster. At the same time, the first catalyst 20 is located in the exhaust pipe 11, the diameter of the first catalyst 20 is equal to the diameter of the exhaust pipe 11, and the diameter of the exhaust pipe 11 is smaller than the diameter of the cylinder 13. The volume of the first catalyst 20 is smaller than the volume of the second catalyst 23. The small volume and heat capacity of the first catalyst 20 also help the first catalyst 20 to heat up. After the automobile exhaust passes through the catalytic action of the first catalyst 20 and the second catalyst 23, the harmful gases in the exhaust can be effectively converted to reduce pollution to the environment.

[0047] In one embodiment, the catalyst 1 includes a first catalyst 20 and a second catalyst 23, wherein the first catalyst 20 is suitable for being arranged in the exhaust manifold, and the second catalyst 23 is suitable for being arranged in the first pipe 1. The first catalyst 20 includes a first end face (not shown in the figure), which is an end of the first catalyst 20 away from the intake port 10, and the first catalyst 20 extends from the first end face toward the direction close to the intake port 10, and the distance between the first end face and the intake port 10 is greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 90 mm. In this range, the first catalyst 20 heats up faster due to the shortened exhaust gas catalytic path. As a more preferred example, the first end face can also continue to deepen toward the direction close to the exhaust manifold, so that the distance between the first end face and the intake port 10 is between 90-200 mm.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the distance between the first end face and the intake port 10 is 200 mm, and the first catalyst 20 at this position has the same beneficial effect as the catalyst 1 in the above embodiment in which "the distance between the end of the second part 22 away from the intake port 10 and the intake port 10 can be a limit value of 200 mm". The difference is that in this embodiment, the first catalyst 20 also has a second end face (not shown in the figure), the second end face is the end of the first catalyst 20 close to the intake port 10, and the distance between the second end face and the intake port 10 is greater than or equal to 0 mm. That is, the first catalyst 20 is entirely located inside the exhaust manifold. The second catalyst 23 is arranged in the first pipeline 1. As long as it can effectively improve the catalytic efficiency by cooperating with the first catalyst 20, the second catalyst 23 can be in the exhaust pipe 11 of the first pipeline 1, in the connector 12 or in the cylinder 13. The specific installation position can be determined comprehensively by comprehensively considering factors such as actual production needs, catalytic efficiency, and cost control. This embodiment provides a solution in which the first catalyst 20 is entirely located in the exhaust manifold and the second catalyst 23 is located in the first pipe 1. The solution of this embodiment arranges the first catalyst 20 directly in the exhaust manifold, shortens the catalytic path of the exhaust gas, accelerates the heating of the catalyst 1, enables the catalyst 1 to reach the efficient working temperature more quickly, and then cooperates with the second catalyst 23 to improve the catalytic efficiency.

[0049] In one embodiment, the volume of the first catalyst 20 is 5%-10% of the volume of the second catalyst 23. Specifically, the volume of the first catalyst 20 is 0.01-2.00L. In a more preferred example, the volume of the first catalyst 20 can be 0.15-1.00L. The volume of the first catalyst 20 is smaller than that of the second catalyst 23, and the total heat capacity is smaller, which is more conducive to the heating of the first catalyst 20, so that the first catalyst 20 can play a catalytic role faster and significantly reduce the cold start exhaust emissions of the engine. By appropriately shortening the catalytic path of automobile exhaust and reasonably setting the volume of the first catalyst 20, the heating speed of the catalyst 1 is accelerated, so that it can reach the temperature value of efficient operation faster, accelerate catalysis, and improve the catalytic effect.

[0050] The catalyst 1 includes a catalyst carrier 5 , and the catalyst carrier 5 can be selected from multiple options.

[0051] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the carrier of the first catalyst 20 is a cordierite carrier 50, and the cordierite carrier 50 automobile exhaust catalyst 1 is wrapped by a gasket 6 and encapsulated in the exhaust pipe 11. The diameter (outer diameter) of the cordierite carrier 50 can be equal to the outer diameter or inner diameter of the hot end exhaust cordierite tube of the catalyst 100, and can be 10-200mm, especially 63.5-140mm; its length can be 5-200mm, especially 35-120mm. The number of meshes of the cordierite carrier 50 can be 100-1000 meshes, especially 100-750mm; the carrier wall thickness can be from 1 to 20mil (1mil=0.0254mm), especially 2-4mil.

[0052] The small volume of cordierite-supported catalysts has a small total heat capacity and can heat up more quickly, allowing pollutants such as HC, NMHC, CO and NOx in the cold start phase of pure gasoline vehicles or hybrid vehicles to be more efficiently converted into CO2, H2O and N2, effectively reducing pollutant emissions in the cold start phase, meeting increasingly stringent emission regulations, and achieving less use of precious metals in the catalyst, reducing costs.

[0053] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the carrier of the first catalyst 20 may also be a metal carrier 51. The material of the catalyst carrier 5 is not limited to cordierite, metal or ceramic, and any carrier material that is conducive to the catalyst 1 to exert its catalytic performance may be used.

[0054] The wall surface of the catalyst 1 carrier is coated with an automobile exhaust catalyst formula, which is mainly composed of aluminum oxide, rare earth oxygen storage materials, chemical additives and one or more components of platinum, palladium and rhodium.

[0055] In one embodiment, the precious metal loading of the first catalyst 20 is less than or equal to 400 grams per cubic inch, preferably 10-100 grams per cubic inch. The first catalyst 20 is arranged closer to the intake port 10, and the first catalyst 20 is easier to heat up and catalyze, which can reduce the content of precious metals in the second catalyst 23 accordingly, so that the precious metal content of the overall catalyst 1 in the catalyst 100 is reduced, reducing the cost.

[0056] A second aspect of the present application provides an exhaust gas treatment system, comprising the catalyst 100 of the first aspect of the present application.

[0057] A third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising the exhaust gas treatment system of the second aspect of the present application.

[0058] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of this application. The terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation purposes and are not intended to limit this application. Terms such as "setting" appearing in this article can mean that one component is directly attached to another component, or that one component is attached to another component through an intermediate. Features described in this article in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment alone or in combination with other features, unless the feature is not applicable in the other embodiment or otherwise specified.

[0059] The present application has been described through the above-mentioned embodiments, but it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for the purpose of example and description, and are not intended to limit the present application to the described embodiments. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that more variations and modifications can be made according to the teachings of the present application, and these variations and modifications all fall within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

Claims

1. A catalyst, characterized in that: The catalyst comprises: a first conduit adapted to communicate with an exhaust manifold of an engine; A catalyst, wherein at least a portion of the structure of the catalyst is disposed in the first pipe, and a distance between at least one end surface of the catalyst and an intake port of the first pipe is less than or equal to a preset value, and the intake port is an end of the first pipe close to the exhaust manifold of the engine.

2. The catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that The catalyst includes a first catalyst including a first portion, the first portion is located in the first conduit, and the first portion extends along the intake port in a direction away from an exhaust manifold of the engine.

3. The catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that The distance between one end of the first part close to the air inlet port and the air inlet port is 0-600 mm.

4. The catalyst according to claim 3, characterized in that The distance between one end of the first part close to the air inlet port and the air inlet port is 0-90 mm.

5. The catalyst according to claim 4, characterized in that The distance between one end of the first portion close to the air inlet port and the air inlet port is 0 mm.

6. The catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that The first catalyst also includes a second part, which is located in the exhaust manifold and extends along the intake port toward the exhaust manifold of the engine; the first part and the second part of the first catalyst are two continuous parts.

7. The catalyst according to claim 6, characterized in that The distance between one end of the second portion away from the air inlet port and the air inlet port is greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 90 mm.

8. The catalyst according to claim 7, characterized in that The distance between the end of the second part away from the air inlet port and the air inlet port is 90-200 mm.

9. The catalyst according to claim 8, characterized in that The distance between the end of the second portion away from the air inlet port and the air inlet port is 200 mm.

10. The catalyst according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The first pipeline also includes an exhaust pipe, a connecting piece and a cylinder, and the catalyst also includes a second catalyst. One end of the connecting piece is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the other end of the connecting piece is connected to the cylinder. The exhaust pipe and the cylinder have different diameters. The second catalyst is arranged in the cylinder, and one end of the exhaust pipe away from the cylinder is formed as the intake port.

11. The catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that The catalyst includes a first catalyst and a second catalyst. The first catalyst is suitable for being arranged in the exhaust manifold, and the second catalyst is suitable for being arranged in the first pipe.

12. The catalyst according to claim 11, characterized in that The first catalyst includes a first end surface, the first end surface is an end of the first catalyst away from the air intake port, and the first catalyst extends from the first end surface toward a direction close to the air intake port.

13. The catalyst according to claim 12, characterized in that The distance between the first end surface and the air inlet port is greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 90 mm.

14. The catalyst according to claim 13, characterized in that The distance between the first end surface and the air inlet port is 90-200 mm.

15. The catalyst according to claim 14, characterized in that The distance between the first end surface and the air inlet port is 200 mm.

16. The catalyst according to claim 10 or 15, characterized in that The volume of the first catalyst is 5%-10% of the volume of the second catalyst.

17. The catalyst according to claim 16, characterized in that The volume of the first catalyst is 0.01-2.00L.

18. The catalyst according to claim 17, characterized in that The volume of the first catalyst is 0.15-1.00L.

19. An exhaust gas treatment system, characterized in that: Comprising the catalyst according to any one of claims 1-18.

20. A vehicle, characterized in that: Includes the exhaust gas treatment system as described in claim 19.

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