Heat exchange cooling system of ship engine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat exchange cooling system for a ship engine, belongs to the technical field of ship engine cooling, and solves the technical problem that the performance of an engine is reduced due to supercooling of fresh water. The system comprises an engine, a fresh water pump, a sea water pump, an adjusting device and a heat exchanger, a plurality of heat conduction pipes and a fresh water flowing area are arranged in the heat exchanger, and sea water diversion ribs divide the heat conduction pipes into a first heat exchange area, a second heat exchange area and a third heat exchange area. The fresh water pump enables fresh water to return to an inlet of the fresh water pump through the small circulating pipe or the large circulating pipe under the control of the adjusting device after passing through the engine, the fresh water cools the exhaust manifold through the large circulating pipe, and the seawater pump enables seawater to be discharged after sequentially passing through the first heat exchange area, the intercooler, the engine oil cooler, the second heat exchange area, the third heat exchange area and a water jacket of the exhaust bent pipe. Engine performance reduction caused by fresh water supercooling can be effectively prevented, and heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ship engine cooling, and more specifically, to a ship engine heat exchange cooling system. Background Art

[0002] Marine engines generally refer to marine diesel engines. When a marine diesel engine is working, the fuel burns in the cylinder, pushing the piston outward to do work. At this time, the marine diesel engine converts the chemical energy of the fuel into the mechanical energy of the piston. In this process, the piston and cylinder in the diesel engine are in direct contact with the flame, resulting in a high temperature of the contacted parts, causing the parts to overheat and deform, and the friction and wear of the parts to increase. If the cooling is excessive, the heat loss will increase and the overall thermal efficiency will be reduced. Therefore, the marine diesel engine cooling system can ensure the power, safety and economy of the marine diesel engine in various environments.

[0003] In the traditional diesel engine cooling system, the closed cooling pipeline has fewer cooling components in the cooler, the heat exchange efficiency is low, and the utilization rate of seawater is low. At the same time, in the fresh water circulation cooling system, the cooling water flows directly into the engine cooling water jacket after passing through the oil cooler, causing the engine cooling water jacket to be overcooled, affecting the working performance of the engine. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is aimed at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. The purpose of the utility model is to provide a ship engine heat exchange cooling system, which can effectively prevent the engine performance from being reduced due to overcooling of fresh water and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is: a ship engine heat exchange cooling system, including an engine, and also including a fresh water pump, a sea water pump, a regulating device, a heat exchanger, and a controller. The heat exchanger includes a shell, and a plurality of heat-conducting pipes are arranged in the shell. The gap between the shell and the heat-conducting pipes is a fresh water flow area. The two ends of the shell are respectively provided with sea water dividing ribs that divide the plurality of heat-conducting pipes into a first heat exchange area, a second heat exchange area, and a third heat exchange area. One end of the shell is provided with a sea water inlet connected to the first heat exchange area and a fresh water inlet connected to the fresh water flow area. The second heat exchange area at this end is connected to the third heat exchange area. The other end of the shell is provided with a first sea water outlet connected to the first heat exchange area, a sea water return port connected to the second heat exchange area, a second sea water outlet connected to the third heat exchange area, and a fresh water outlet connected to the fresh water flow area. The outlet of the fresh water pump is connected to the engine and the regulating device in sequence through a fresh water pipe, the first outlet of the regulating device is connected to the inlet of the fresh water pump through a small circulation pipe, the second outlet of the regulating device is connected to the water jacket and the fresh water inlet of the exhaust manifold in sequence through a large circulation pipe, the fresh water outlet is connected to the inlet of the fresh water pump through a large circulation pipe, the seawater pump is connected to the seawater inlet through a seawater pipe, the first seawater outlet is connected to the intercooler, the oil cooler, and the seawater return port in sequence through the seawater pipe, the second seawater outlet is connected to the water jacket of the exhaust elbow through the seawater pipe, the water outlet of the engine is provided with a first temperature sensor, the fresh water outlet is provided with a second temperature sensor, the controller is electrically connected to the fresh water pump, the seawater pump, the first temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor; a branch for a small amount of fresh water to flow through is provided between the fresh water pipe and the large circulation pipe and is connected in parallel with the regulating device.

[0006] As a further improvement, the regulating device is a mechanical thermostat or an electronic thermostat.

[0007] Furthermore, end covers are respectively provided at both ends of the shell, and the seawater inlet, the first seawater outlet and the seawater return port are all provided on the end covers.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of fresh water dividing baffles arranged at intervals are provided in the shell, and the fresh water dividing baffles are provided with water passing holes, and the water passing holes of the fresh water dividing baffles are arranged in a spiral manner.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of heat transfer pipes in the first heat exchange zone, the second heat exchange zone, and the third heat exchange zone is equal.

[0010] Furthermore, the outlet of the fresh water pump is connected to the engine body and the supercharger respectively through a fresh water pipe.

[0011] Beneficial Effects

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0013] 1. The heat exchanger of the utility model reduces the heat load per unit area of ​​seawater and fresh water through the three-channel design of the first heat exchange zone, the second heat exchange zone, and the third heat exchange zone, and each area of ​​the seawater can cool the fresh water in the entire axial direction. The temperature of the seawater itself is also increased after passing through the intercooler and the oil cooler. After the heat exchange zone with the fresh water in the second heat exchange zone and the third heat exchange zone, the temperature of the fresh water is within a better setting range, which can effectively prevent the engine performance from being reduced due to overcooling of the fresh water and reduce the area of ​​the heat exchanger.

[0014] 2. The utility model uses a three-channel design of the first heat exchange area, the second heat exchange area, and the third heat exchange area to achieve three fresh water coolings with one seawater entry, thereby improving the utilization rate of cooling seawater and reducing the power consumption of the seawater cooling pump.

[0015] 3. The utility model sets a fresh water splitting baffle to make the fresh water exchange heat with the sea water in a spiral manner, and makes the fresh water exchange heat with the sea water in a turbulent form, thereby increasing the heat transfer efficiency between the fresh water and the sea water, greatly strengthening the heat exchange between the fresh water and the sea water, and improving the cooling efficiency of the sea water.

[0016] 4. After the three-zone heat exchanger is introduced into the utility model, the cooling system and the marine diesel engine can exchange more heat, which greatly improves the cooling efficiency of the cooling system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a framework diagram of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of seawater and fresh water in the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model in which the heat exchanger is connected with the intercooler and the oil cooler;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat exchanger in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view in the LL direction;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view in the MM direction;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Sectional view along the NN direction;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 4Cross-sectional view in the RR direction;

[0025] Fig. 9 for Figure 4 Sectional view in the SS direction;

[0026] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the heat exchanger in the utility model;

[0027] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the seawater water dividing reinforcement in the utility model.

[0028] Wherein: 1-engine, 2-small cycle, 3-large cycle, 4-exhaust manifold, 5-first heat exchange area, 6-second heat exchange area, 7-third heat exchange area, 8-intercooler, 9-oil cooler, 10-exhaust elbow, 11-fresh water pump, 12-seawater pump, 13-regulating device, 14-heat exchanger, 15-housing, 16-heat pipe, 17-seawater water distribution rib, 18-seawater inlet, 19-fresh water inlet, 20-first seawater outlet, 21-seawater return port, 22-second seawater outlet, 23-fresh water outlet, 24-fresh water pipe, 25-small cycle pipe, 26-large cycle pipe, 27-seawater pipe, 28-first temperature sensor, 29-second temperature sensor, 30-end cover, 31-fresh water water distribution baffle, 32-water hole, 33-machine body, 34-supercharger, 35-branch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific embodiments in the accompanying drawings.

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 11A heat exchange cooling system for a marine engine includes an engine 1, a fresh water pump 11, a sea water pump 12, a regulating device 13, a heat exchanger 14, and a controller. The heat exchanger 14 includes a shell 15, and a plurality of heat pipes 16 are arranged in parallel in the shell 15 for sea water to flow through. In order to improve the thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance of the heat pipes 16, the heat pipes 16 are made of copper pipes. The gap between the shell 15 and the heat pipes 16 is a fresh water flow area. When fresh water flows through the gap between the shell 15 and the heat pipes 16, its heat is transferred to the sea water through the heat pipes 16 to achieve cooling. Sea water dividing ribs 17 are respectively provided at both ends of the shell 15 to divide the plurality of heat pipes 16 into a first heat exchange area 5, a second heat exchange area 6, and a third heat exchange area 7. The sea water dividing ribs 17 are a three-pronged structure, and the angle between two adjacent forks is 120°. The heat pipes 16 in the same heat exchange area are connected, and the heat pipes 16 in different heat exchange areas are not connected. One end of the housing 15 is provided with a seawater inlet 18 connected to the first heat exchange area 5 and a freshwater inlet 19 connected to the freshwater flow area. The second heat exchange area 6 at this end is connected to the third heat exchange area 7. The other end of the housing 15 is provided with a first seawater outlet 20 connected to the first heat exchange area 5, a seawater return port 21 connected to the second heat exchange area 6, a second seawater outlet 22 connected to the third heat exchange area 7, and a freshwater outlet 23 connected to the freshwater flow area. The flow direction of the seawater is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0031] The outlet of the fresh water pump 11 is connected to the engine 1 and the regulating device 13 in sequence through the fresh water pipe 24, that is, the fresh water is controlled to pass through the engine 1 through the fresh water pump 11. The first outlet of the regulating device 13 is connected to the inlet of the fresh water pump 11 through the small circulation pipe 25, thereby forming a pipeline of the small circulation 2. The second outlet of the regulating device 13 is connected to the water jacket of the exhaust manifold 4 (the exhaust manifold 4 in the present utility model is an exhaust manifold with a water jacket, and the exhaust manifold with a water jacket is the prior art and will not be described in detail herein) and the fresh water inlet 19 in sequence through the large circulation pipe 26, that is, the exhaust manifold 4 is cooled by the fresh water connection. The fresh water outlet 23 is connected to the inlet of the fresh water pump 11 through the large circulation pipe 26, thereby forming a pipeline of the large circulation 3.

[0032] The seawater pump 12 is connected to the seawater inlet 18 through the seawater pipe 27, the first seawater outlet 20 is connected to the intercooler 8, the oil cooler 9, and the seawater return port 21 in sequence through the seawater pipe 27, and the second seawater outlet 22 is connected to the water jacket of the exhaust elbow 10 through the seawater pipe 27 (the exhaust elbow 1 in the present utility model is an exhaust elbow with a water jacket, and the exhaust elbow with a water jacket is the prior art and will not be described in detail herein), which is used to cool the exhaust elbow 1 to improve the safety and service life, and the seawater passing through the exhaust elbow 1 is discharged into the sea. That is, the seawater is controlled by the seawater pump 12 to pass through the first heat exchange area 5, the intercooler 8, the oil cooler 9, the second heat exchange area 6, and the third heat exchange area 7 in sequence for heat exchange, and the seawater cools the exhaust elbow 10 before being discharged.

[0033] The water outlet of the engine 1 is provided with a first temperature sensor 28 for detecting the temperature of the water outlet of the engine 1, and the fresh water outlet 23 is provided with a second temperature sensor 29 for detecting the temperature of the water outlet of the large cycle 3. The controller is electrically connected to the fresh water pump 11, the sea water pump 12, the first temperature sensor 28, and the second temperature sensor 29. In this embodiment, the controller is an ECU.

[0034] A branch 35 for a small amount of fresh water to flow through is provided between the fresh water pipe 24 and the large circulation pipe 26 and is connected in parallel with the regulating device 13. The flow of the branch 35 is 1 / 10 of the total flow of fresh water. The flow of the branch 35 can be 1 / 10 of the total flow of fresh water by providing a regulating valve on the branch 35, or a pipe with a diameter corresponding to 1 / 10 of the total flow of fresh water can be directly used as the branch 35. When the fresh water is in a small circulation, the exhaust manifold can be ensured to be cooled.

[0035] The regulating device 13 is a mechanical thermostat or an electronic thermostat. The electronic thermostat needs to be electrically connected to the controller. When the fresh water temperature is lower than the setting, the thermostat is closed and the fresh water flows through the small circulation 2; otherwise, the fresh water mainly flows through the large circulation 3.

[0036] End covers 30 are respectively disposed at both ends of the housing 15 , and the seawater inlet 18 , the first seawater outlet 20 , and the seawater return port 21 are all disposed on the end covers 30 .

[0037] A plurality of fresh water splitting baffles 31 are arranged at intervals in the housing 15. The fresh water splitting baffles 31 are provided with water holes 32. The water holes 32 of each fresh water splitting baffle 31 are arranged in a spiral, that is, from the axial direction of the housing 15, the water holes 32 of each fresh water splitting baffle 31 are arranged in a spiral. Fresh water enters the heat exchanger 14 from the fresh water inlet 19, flows in the space between the housing 15 and the outer wall of the heat pipe 16, and is cooled by seawater. Under the action of the water splitting baffles, the fresh water flows in an axial spiral, so that the fresh water exchanges heat with the seawater in the form of turbulence, which increases the heat transfer efficiency between the fresh water and the seawater, greatly strengthens the heat exchange between the fresh water and the seawater, and improves the cooling efficiency of the seawater. After being cooled by the seawater, the fresh water flows out of the heat exchanger 14 through the fresh water outlet 23.

[0038] The number of heat transfer pipes 16 in the first heat exchange area 5, the second heat exchange area 6 and the third heat exchange area 7 is equal, so that the flow rate of seawater is stable.

[0039] The outlet of the fresh water pump 11 is connected to the body 33 and the supercharger 34 of the engine 1 through the fresh water pipe 24 . Specifically, the fresh water pipe 24 supplies fresh water to the body 33 and the supercharger 34 of the engine 1 through the water distribution chamber of the engine 1 .

[0040] Under the action of the seawater dividing rib 17, the seawater enters the first heat exchange zone 5 from the seawater inlet 18 of the heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the fresh water, and then enters the intercooler 8 and the oil cooler 9 in sequence to exchange heat with the compressed air and the oil respectively. After cooling the compressed air and the oil, the seawater enters the second heat exchange zone 6 to heat the seawater in the first heat exchange zone 5 and cool the fresh water near the second heat exchange zone 6. After entering the third heat exchange zone 7, the seawater heats the seawater in the second heat exchange zone 6 and cools the fresh water near the third heat exchange zone 7, and finally flows out through the seawater outlet.

[0041] The above are only preferred implementations of the utility model. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the utility model, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the utility model and the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A ship engine heat exchange cooling system, comprising an engine (1), characterized in that: The heat exchanger (14) further comprises a fresh water pump (11), a sea water pump (12), a regulating device (13), and a heat exchanger (14). The heat exchanger (14) comprises a shell (15). A plurality of heat conducting pipes (16) are arranged in the shell (15). The gap between the shell (15) and the heat conducting pipes (16) is a fresh water flow zone. Sea water dividing ribs (17) for dividing the plurality of heat conducting pipes (16) into a first heat exchange zone (5), a second heat exchange zone (6), and a third heat exchange zone (7) are respectively arranged at both ends of the shell (15). A sea water inlet (18) communicating with the first heat exchange zone (5) and a fresh water inlet (19) communicating with the fresh water flow zone are arranged at one end of the shell (15). The second heat exchange zone (6) at this end is communicated with the third heat exchange zone (7). The other end of the shell (15) is provided with a first sea water outlet (20) communicating with the first heat exchange zone (5), a sea water return port (21) communicating with the second heat exchange zone (6), and a fresh water return port (22) communicating with the third heat exchange zone (7). The second seawater outlet (22) is connected to the three heat exchange areas (7), and the freshwater outlet (23) is connected to the freshwater flow area. The outlet of the freshwater pump (11) is connected to the engine (1) and the regulating device (13) in sequence through a freshwater pipe (24). The first outlet of the regulating device (13) is connected to the inlet of the freshwater pump (11) through a small circulation pipe (25). The second outlet of the regulating device (13) is connected to the water jacket of the exhaust manifold (4) and the freshwater inlet (19) in sequence through a large circulation pipe (26). The freshwater outlet (23) is connected to the inlet of the freshwater pump (11) through the large circulation pipe (26). The seawater pump (12) is connected to the seawater inlet (18) through a seawater pipe (27). The first seawater outlet (20) is connected to the intercooler (8), the oil cooler (9), and the seawater return port (21) in sequence through the seawater pipe (27). The second seawater outlet (22) is connected to the water jacket of the exhaust elbow (10) through the seawater pipe (27).

2. A marine engine heat exchange cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, the fresh water outlet (23) is provided with a second temperature sensor (29), and the controller is electrically connected to the fresh water pump (11), the sea water pump (12), the first temperature sensor (28), and the second temperature sensor (29).

3. A marine engine heat exchange cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A branch circuit (35) for a small amount of fresh water to flow through is provided between the fresh water pipe (24) and the large circulation pipe (26) and is connected in parallel with the regulating device (13).

4. A marine engine heat exchange cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating device (13) is a mechanical thermostat or an electronic thermostat.

5. A marine engine heat exchange cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: End covers (30) are respectively provided at both ends of the housing (15), and the seawater inlet (18), the first seawater outlet (20), and the seawater return port (21) are all provided on the end covers (30).

6. A marine engine heat exchange cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of fresh water dividing baffles (31) arranged at intervals are provided in the housing (15); the fresh water dividing baffles (31) are provided with water holes (32); and the water holes (32) of the fresh water dividing baffles (31) are arranged in a spiral.

7. A marine engine heat exchange cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of heat-conducting pipes (16) in the first heat exchange zone (5), the second heat exchange zone (6), and the third heat exchange zone (7) is equal.

8. A marine engine heat exchange cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the fresh water pump (11) is respectively connected to the body (33) and the supercharger (34) of the engine (1) through a fresh water pipe (24).

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