Multi-channel carbon tank and fuel evaporation control system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of air inlet systems or air purification systems, and relates to a multi-channel carbon tank and a fuel evaporation control system. The carbon tank comprises a shell and an adsorption material, the shell is provided with a containing shell, an end cover and a cover cap, and the end cover is provided with an adsorption opening, a desorption opening and an atmosphere ventilation opening; a first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a fourth channel which are independent are arranged in the containing shell, all the channels are filled with adsorption materials, the first channel and the second channel are both communicated with the adsorption opening, the first channel is further communicated with the desorption opening, and the third channel and the fourth channel are both communicated with the atmosphere opening. A first one-way valve only allowing gas to enter the second channel from the third channel is arranged in the end cover, and a second one-way valve only allowing gas to enter the third channel or the fourth channel from the first channel or the second channel is arranged in the cover cap. In the adsorption process, two channels are opened for circulation, the sectional area of the adsorption material is increased, and the adsorption resistance is reduced to improve the adsorption capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of air intake systems or air purification systems, and relates to a multi-channel carbon canister and a fuel evaporation control system. Background Art

[0002] Existing cars or motorcycles that use fuel as energy usually have a power system, a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the power system, and a fuel evaporation pollution control system for controlling the fuel vapor generated by the fuel supply system to prevent it from being discharged into the atmosphere. Among them, the fuel evaporation pollution control system usually includes a charcoal canister filled with adsorbents such as activated carbon. The charcoal canister has an air vent, an adsorption port, and a desorption port. The air vent is connected to the outside, the adsorption port is connected to the fuel tank, and the desorption port is connected to the engine intake manifold. The connection between the desorption port and the intake manifold is controlled by a solenoid valve. The gasoline vapor in the fuel tank enters the charcoal canister through the adsorption port, and the activated carbon adsorbs the fuel molecules therein to prevent them from entering the atmosphere; when the solenoid valve is opened, the charcoal canister enters the desorption process. Under the negative pressure of the intake manifold, air enters the charcoal canister from the air vent, takes away some of the fuel molecules adsorbed by the activated carbon, and is input to the engine through the desorption port to participate in combustion.

[0003] The emission control capability of the fuel evaporation pollution control system is related to the cleaning capability of the activated carbon in the charcoal canister. The total amount of air cleansing the charcoal canister during engine operation is considered constant. Existing charcoal canisters usually have a single-channel adsorbent setting, which cannot reach the ideal state most of the time, and the adsorption performance gradually decreases. After long-term use, the adsorption performance of the activated carbon is seriously reduced, and the fuel molecules will overflow and cause air pollution. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model is designed to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a carbon canister that can reduce adsorption resistance to improve adsorption capacity, and a fuel evaporation control system using the carbon canister. The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The utility model provides a multi-channel carbon canister, which is arranged in a fuel evaporation control system of a fuel vehicle with a fuel tank and an engine, and is at least used for adsorbing fuel vapor generated by the fuel in the fuel tank, and has the following characteristics: it comprises: a shell, and an adsorbent filled in the shell, wherein the shell comprises: a containing shell, which comprises a first end and a second end; an end cover, which is installed on the first end and is provided with an adsorption port, a desorption port and an air vent; and a cover, which is installed on the second end and is used to close the second end; an independent first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a fourth channel are arranged in the containing shell, each channel is filled with adsorbent, the first channel and the second channel are both connected to the adsorption port, the first channel is also connected to the desorption port, the third channel and the fourth channel are both connected to the air vent, and a first one-way valve which only allows gas to enter the second channel from the third channel is arranged in the end cover, and a second one-way valve which only allows gas to enter the third channel or the fourth channel from the first channel or the second channel is arranged in the cover. During adsorption, the fuel vapor from the adsorption port can simultaneously pass through the adsorption materials in the first channel and the second channel and then enter the third channel and the fourth channel for adsorption, and finally be discharged from the air vent; during desorption, the air from the air vent can pass through the fourth channel, the third channel, the second channel and the first channel in sequence, and finally be discharged from the desorption port.

[0006] The multi-channel carbon canister provided by the utility model may also have the following features: wherein the end cover comprises: an upper cover body, which is arranged on the first end and has a cavity for accommodating gas; an adsorption tube and an air vent are both arranged on the side of the upper cover body away from the first end, and are respectively provided with an adsorption port and an air vent; a partition is arranged in the upper cover body, and the partition divides the cavity into a first air cavity, a second air cavity, a third air cavity and a fourth air cavity which correspond to and are connected to the first channel, the second channel, the third channel and the fourth channel respectively.

[0007] In the multi-channel carbon canister provided by the utility model, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the partition includes a first partition, a second partition and a third partition, the first partition is located between the third air cavity and the second air cavity, and a first one-way valve is installed on the first partition; the second partition is located between the second air cavity and the first air cavity, and a third one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the second air cavity from the first air cavity is installed on the second partition; the third partition is located between the third air cavity and the fourth air cavity, and a fourth one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the third air cavity from the fourth air cavity is installed on the third partition.

[0008] The multi-channel carbon canister provided by the utility model may also have the following features: wherein, the cover has a lower cover body, which is arranged on the second end and has an inner cavity for accommodating gas inside, and a lower partition is arranged inside the lower cover body to separate the inner cavity into a first inner cavity and a second inner cavity, the first inner cavity is connected to the first channel and the second channel, the second inner cavity is connected to the third channel, and a second one-way valve is installed on the lower partition.

[0009] The multi-channel carbon canister provided by the utility model may also have the following features: wherein, the first one-way valve includes: a fixing portion fixed on the first partition portion, a blocking portion, which is bowl-shaped and has a recessed end and a protruding end, the first partition portion is a partition plate, on which a vent hole is provided, the blocking portion covers one side of the vent hole, when gas flows in from the side where the recessed end is located, the blocking portion creates a gap with the partition plate under the push of the gas, allowing the gas to pass through; when gas flows in from the side where the protruding end is located, the blocking portion is pushed against the partition plate under the push of the gas, preventing the gas from passing through.

[0010] The multi-channel carbon canister provided by the utility model may also have the following features: a desorption tube is provided on the upper cover body at a position adjacent to the adsorption tube, an isolation portion is provided in the first air cavity, the isolation portion separates the first air cavity into an adsorption cavity and a desorption cavity, the adsorption cavity is connected to the adsorption tube, the desorption cavity is connected to the desorption tube, and the adsorption cavity is adjacent to the second air cavity. During adsorption, the fuel vapor from the adsorption port passes through the adsorption cavity and enters the second air cavity and the first channel.

[0011] The multi-channel carbon canister provided by the utility model may also have the following characteristics: wherein the first channel, the second channel, the third channel and the fourth channel are arranged side by side or in a field shape or in an L shape.

[0012] The multi-channel carbon canister provided by the utility model may also have the following features: wherein, a top plate and a bottom plate are respectively provided at the first end and the second end of the containing shell, holes for gas to pass through are provided on the top plate and the bottom plate, a space for accommodating the adsorbent is formed between the top plate and the bottom plate, and gaskets are respectively provided between the bottom plate and the top plate and the adsorbent.

[0013] The multi-channel carbon canister provided by the utility model may also have the following features: a spring is pressed between the base plate and the cover, a first fixing groove for fixing one end of the spring is opened on the side of the base plate facing the cover, and a second fixing groove for fixing the other end of the spring is opened on the bottom surface of the cover facing the side of the base plate.

[0014] The utility model also proposes a fuel evaporation control system, which has the following characteristics and at least comprises: a carbon canister; wherein the carbon canister is the multi-channel carbon canister as described above.

[0015] Function and effect of utility model

[0016] According to the multi-channel carbon canister and fuel evaporation control system involved in the utility model, since a plurality of channels are arranged in the containing shell, and combined with the arrangement of the one-way valves in the end cover and the cover, when the carbon canister is performing adsorption, the fuel vapor from the adsorption port can simultaneously pass through the adsorption materials in the first channel and the second channel and then enter the third channel and the fourth channel for adsorption, and finally be discharged from the vent; that is, the carbon canister can open dual-channel circulation during the adsorption process to increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the adsorption material, thereby reducing the adsorption resistance and improving the adsorption capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic view of the carbon canister in Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a top view of the containing shell in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the containing shell in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 AA section view.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a top view of the carbon canister in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 BB section view.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 CC section view.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the end cover in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first one-way valve in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0026] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the first one-way valve in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0027] Fig.11 It is an exploded view of the installation structure of the first one-way valve in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0028] Fig.12 It is a structural exploded view of the carbon canister in Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0029] Fig.13It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0030] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front view of the bottom plate in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0031] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate in Example 1 of the utility model from a reverse perspective.

[0032] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the channel arrangement in the shell in Example 2 of the utility model.

[0033] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the channel arrangement in the shell in Example 3 of the utility model.

[0034] Reference numerals: carbon canister 100, shell 10, containing shell 11, first end 111, second end 112, main body 113, top plate 114, bottom plate 115, first fixing groove 1151, center hole 1152, spoke 1153, gap 1154, first channel 12, second channel 13, third channel 14, fourth channel 15, adsorbent 20, gasket 21, end cover 30, upper cover body 31, adsorption tube 32, adsorption port 321, desorption tube 33, desorption port 331, air vent 34, air vent 341, first partition 351 , mounting hole 3511, ventilation hole 3512, second partition 352, third partition 353, first air cavity 361, adsorption cavity 3611, desorption cavity 3612, second air cavity 362, third air cavity 363, fourth air cavity 364, isolation portion 37, cover 40, lower cover body 41, lower partition plate 42, first inner cavity 43, second inner cavity 44, second fixing groove 45, first one-way valve 51, fixing portion 511, blocking portion 512, recessed end 5121, protruding end 5122, second one-way valve 52, third one-way valve 53, spring 60. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the multi-channel carbon canister and fuel evaporation control system of the present invention are specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings.

[0036] <Example 1>

[0037] This embodiment takes a car as an example and provides a fuel evaporation control system for a fuel vehicle. A fuel vehicle generally includes a power system, a fuel supply system, and a fuel evaporation control system, wherein the power system includes an engine, etc.; the fuel supply system includes a fuel tank, a fuel filter, a carburetor, etc., for supplying fuel to the engine; the fuel evaporation control system is used to control the fuel vapor emitted by the fuel supply system, and includes a carbon canister, pipes for connecting the carbon canister with the fuel tank and the air intake chamber, and a control valve, etc.

[0038] When refueling the car's fuel tank, the fuel vapor content will rise and enter the carbon canister; when the car is running, the temperature of the fuel tank rises, the oil in the fuel tank shakes, and the volatilization of the steam shaft in the fuel tank when the car is parked and turned off will also cause fuel vapor to enter the carbon canister. When the car is restarted after parking and turning off the engine, the carbon canister enters the desorption process.

[0039] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the carbon canister in this embodiment; Figure 2 is a top view of the containing shell in this embodiment; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the containing shell in this embodiment; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the containing shell in this embodiment; Figure 5 is a top view of the carbon canister in this embodiment; Figure 6 and Figure 7 2 is a cross-sectional view of the carbon canister in this embodiment.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the carbon canister 100 of this embodiment is a multi-channel carbon canister. Specifically, the carbon canister 100 includes a shell 10 and an adsorbent 20. The adsorbent 20 is arranged inside the shell 10 for adsorbing fuel vapor. The shell 10 includes a containing shell 11, an end cover 30 and a cover 40. In this embodiment, the containing shell 11 has a main body 113 in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, which is made of plastic. One end of the main body 113 is a first end 111, and the other end is a second end 112. A top plate 114 is integrally formed on the first end 111, and the second end 112 is an open end, and a bottom plate 115 is added to the open end. The end cover 30 is installed on the first end 111, and the cover 40 is installed on the second end 112. The main body 113 is provided with an independent first channel 12, a second channel 13, a third channel 14 and a fourth channel 15, and the first channel 12, the second channel 13, the third channel 14 and the fourth channel 15 are filled with adsorbent 20, and the top plate 114 and the bottom plate 115 are respectively located at the two ends of these channels, that is, a space for accommodating the adsorbent 20 is formed between the top plate 114 and the bottom plate 115. Holes for gas to pass through are provided on the top plate 114 and the bottom plate 115, and gaskets 21 are respectively provided between the bottom plate 115 and the top plate 114 and the adsorbent 20.

[0041] Figure 8Schematic diagram of the structure of the end cover in this embodiment.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 6-Figure 8 As shown, in the present embodiment, the end cover 30 is a rectangular cover-like structure matched with the first end 111 of the containing shell 11, and the end cover 30 has an upper cover body 31, and the upper cover body 31 is covered on the first end 111, and a cavity for containing gas is provided in the upper cover body 31, and an adsorption tube part 32, a desorption tube part 33 and an air vent 34 are provided on the side of the upper cover body 31 away from the first end 111, and the adsorption tube part 32, the desorption tube part 33 and the air vent 34 are all in the shape of a circular tube, and the axial direction of the three is consistent with the axial direction of the containing shell 11, and the insides are all provided with through holes that penetrate along the direction and are connected with the cavity, the outer end part of the adsorption tube part 32 forms an adsorption port 321 connected with the fuel tank, the outer end part of the desorption tube part 33 forms a desorption port 331 connected with the intake manifold of the engine, and the outer end part of the air vent 34 forms an air vent 341 connected with the outside. As shown in the figure, the desorption tube part 33 and the air vent 34 are respectively located at the two ends of the rectangular end cover 30 along the length direction, the adsorption tube part 32 is located between the desorption tube part 33 and the air vent 34, and the adsorption tube part 32 is arranged close to the desorption tube part 33.

[0043] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the adsorption tube part 32 is 15.82±0.1mm, and the inner diameter is 11.8±0.1mm; the outer diameter of the desorption tube part 33 is 11.8±0.1mm, and the inner diameter is 7.8±0.1mm. In addition, the outer sides of the junction between the adsorption tube part 32 and the containment shell 11, and the junction between the desorption tube part 33 and the containment shell 11 are designed with chamfers (above R2) for reinforcement, and the inner sides of the adsorption tube part 32 and the desorption tube part 33 are also provided with chamfers (above R4) to reduce the desorption resistance. The above-mentioned size design enables the carbon canister 10 to meet the standard higher than the National VI (Light Vehicle Pollutant Emission Limits and Measurement Methods (China Sixth Stage)). At the same time, on the basis of meeting the above-mentioned standards, the size of the carbon canister can be greatly reduced, and the filling amount of the adsorbent can be reduced, thereby reducing the production cost.

[0044] The upper cover 31 is provided with a partition inside. In the present embodiment, there are three partitions, namely, the first partition 351, the second partition 352 and the third partition 353. The three partitions have the same structure and are all partitions of a straight plate structure. The three partitions divide the inner cavity of the upper cover 31 into a first air cavity 361, a second air cavity 362, a third air cavity 363 and a fourth air cavity 364. The first air cavity 361 corresponds to and is connected with the first channel 12, the second air cavity 362 corresponds to and is connected with the second channel 13, the third air cavity 363 corresponds to and is connected with the third channel 14, and the fourth air cavity 364 corresponds to and is connected with the fourth channel 15. Among them, the first partition 351 is located between the third air cavity 363 and the second air cavity 362, the second partition 352 is located between the second air cavity 362 and the first air cavity 361, and the third partition 353 is located between the third air cavity 363 and the fourth air cavity 364. At the same time, an isolation part 37 is also provided in the first air cavity 361. The isolation part 37 is a plate-shaped structure, which divides the first air cavity 361 into an adsorption cavity 3611 and a desorption cavity 3612. The adsorption cavity 3611 is connected to the adsorption tube 32, the desorption cavity 3612 is connected to the desorption tube 33, and the adsorption cavity 3611 is adjacent to the second air cavity 362. Figure 4 As shown, during adsorption, the fuel vapor from the adsorption port 321 will be divided through the adsorption chamber 3611, a part of which enters the second air chamber 362 and then enters the second channel 13, and a part directly enters the first channel 12 through the through hole on the top plate 114, so that during adsorption, adsorption can be performed through double channels, increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the adsorption material, thereby reducing the adsorption resistance and improving the adsorption capacity. In addition, the isolation part 37 can also play a role in balancing the pressure, and the isolation part 37 can reduce the pressure of the adsorption port during the desorption process to avoid the desorption process directly sucking the oil vapor in the oil tank or causing excessive negative pressure in the oil tank.

[0045] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the first one-way valve in this embodiment; Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the first one-way valve in this embodiment; Fig.11 It is an exploded view of the installation structure of the first one-way valve in this embodiment.

[0046] In order to better divide the desorption passage and the adsorption passage, the first partition 351, the second partition 352 and the third partition 353 are respectively provided with a first one-way valve 51, a third one-way valve 53 and a fourth one-way valve 54. The first one-way valve 51, the third one-way valve 53 and the fourth one-way valve 54 have the same structure and are all umbrella-shaped one-way valve sheets made of deformable elastic material, such as fluorosilicone rubber.

[0047] Specifically, Fig. 9As shown, the specific installation structure is described by taking the third one-way valve 53 as an example: the third one-way valve 53 includes a fixing portion 531 and a bowl-shaped blocking portion 532, the blocking portion 532 has a recessed end 5321 and a protruding end 5322, the fixing portion 531 is a rod-shaped structure with a protruding middle portion, and the fixing portion 531 is located at the end of the recessed end 5321 of the blocking portion 532.

[0048] like Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the second partition 352 is a partition, which has a mounting hole 3521, and the fixing portion 531 is inserted into the mounting hole 3521. The partition has a plurality of vents 3522 distributed in a circle with the mounting hole 3521 as the center. The blocking portion 532 faces the side covering the vent 3522, and the recessed end 5321 of the blocking portion 532 faces the vent 3522. When gas flows into the vent 3522 from the side where the recessed end 5321 is located, a gap will be generated between the blocking portion 532 and the partition under the push of the gas, thereby allowing the gas to pass through the gaps; when gas flows in from the side where the protruding end 5322 is located, the blocking portion 532 will be pushed by the gas and will be close to the partition, blocking the vent 3522 to prevent the gas from passing through, thereby realizing one-way flow of the gas.

[0049] like Figure 6-Figure 8 As shown, the blocking portion 532 of the third one-way valve 53 is located on the side of the vent 3522 of the second partition 352 facing the second air cavity 362, so that the gas can enter the second air cavity 362 from the adsorption cavity 3611 of the first air cavity 361; the first one-way valve 51 is located on the side of the vent of the first partition 351 facing the second air cavity 362 (i.e., opposite to the direction of the second one-way valve 52), so that the gas entering the second air cavity 362 can only enter the second channel 13, but cannot enter the third air cavity 363, but allows the gas in the third air cavity 363 to enter the second air cavity 362; the direction of the fourth one-way valve 54 is the same as that of the third one-way valve 53, and the blocking portion 532 is located on the side of the vent of the third partition 353 facing the fourth air cavity 364, so that the gas can enter the fourth air cavity 364 from the third air cavity 363, and then be discharged from the air vent 34.

[0050] By combining the multi-channel and one-way valve, when adsorption occurs, the fuel vapor enters the adsorption port 321 and is firstly divided into two paths, entering from the first channel 12 and the second channel 13 respectively, and is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and then flows along the third channel 14 and the fourth channel 15, and is adsorbed again by the adsorbent, and finally flows out from the vent 341 (see Figure 6 During adsorption, the adsorption can be carried out through double channels, increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the adsorbent, thereby reducing the adsorption resistance and improving the adsorption capacity.

[0051] During desorption, air from the air vent 341 enters from the fourth channel 15, then enters the third channel 14 after desorption of the adsorbent in the fourth channel 15, enters the second channel 13 after desorption of the adsorbent in the third channel 14, enters the first channel 12 after desorption of the adsorbent in the second channel 13, and finally flows out from the desorption port 33 after desorption of the adsorbent in the first channel 12. The entire desorption process passes through the fourth channel 15, the third channel 14, the second channel 13 and the first channel 12 one by one, and the entire process is a single-channel flow, which reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the adsorbent, thereby increasing the desorption flow rate, circulates and cleans the adsorbent, and improves the desorption capacity.

[0052] Fig.12 is a structural exploded view of the carbon canister in this embodiment; Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover in this embodiment; Fig.14 and Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate in this embodiment.

[0053] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the cover 40 has a lower cover body 41, which is covered on the second end of the accommodating shell 113, and the lower cover body 41 has an inner cavity for accommodating gas. The lower cover body 41 is also provided with a lower partition 42, which divides the inner cavity into a first inner cavity 43 and a second inner cavity 44. The first inner cavity 43 is connected to the first channel 12 and the second channel 13, and the second inner cavity 44 is connected to the third channel 14 and the fourth channel 15. The lower partition 42 is installed with a second one-way valve 52 that only allows gas to enter the second inner cavity 44 from the first inner cavity 43. The structure, installation method and opening and closing principle of the second one-way valve 52 are the same as those of the third one-way valve 53. Figure 6 As shown, when adsorption is performed, the gas passing through the first channel 12 and the third channel 13 enters the first inner cavity 43 through the bottom plate, then opens the fourth one-way valve 54 and enters the second inner cavity 44, and then flows out through the third channel 14 and the fourth channel 15. Figure 7 As shown, when desorption is performed, the gas passing through the fourth channel 15 enters the second inner cavity 44 after passing through the bottom plate. Since the fourth one-way valve 54 is closed at this time, the airflow can only pass through the third channel 14, and then open the second one-way valve 52 and enter the second channel 13. The airflow enters the first inner cavity 43 through the second channel 13, and then flows out from the first channel 12.

[0054] like Fig.12As shown, four bottom plates 115 are provided, and the four bottom plates 115 correspond to the four channels respectively, and a spring 60 is pressed between each bottom plate 115 and the cover 40, and a first fixing groove 1151 for fixing one end of the spring 60 is opened on the side of the bottom plate 115 facing the cover 40, and a second fixing groove 45 for fixing the other end of the spring 60 is opened on the side of the bottom surface of the cover 40 facing the pad 1151. Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, the bottom plate 115 has a shape that matches each channel (a rectangle with rounded corners in this embodiment), a center hole 1152 for gas to pass through is opened in the middle, and a plurality of spokes 1153 are arranged in a radial form from the center hole to the periphery, and there is a gap 1154 for gas to pass through between adjacent spokes 1153 (the center hole 1152 and the gap 1154 are the aforementioned holes, both of which can allow gas to flow). At the same time, on the side facing the cover 40, a circular ring concentric with the center hole 1152 is formed with the center of the center hole 1152 as the center of the circle, and a first fixing groove 1151 is opened in the circular ring. Through the setting of the spring 60, the bottom plate 115 and the adsorbent 20 inside the channel can be pressed tightly in each channel, so as to freely compensate for the loose gap of the adsorbent 20 and keep the adsorbent 20 tight.

[0055] In this embodiment, the adsorbent 20 is carbon powder, which has high adsorption properties and can adsorb a large amount of gas, organic matter and inorganic matter, and can also adsorb fuel molecules well. The adsorption principle of the adsorbent 20 is to adsorb oil and gas molecules through microscopic voids, and microscopic voids have different sizes, which are defined as macropores, mesopores, and micropores in engineering. Macropores are easy to adsorb and desorb, while mesopores and micropores are easy to adsorb but not easy to desorb. Therefore, increasing the desorption flow rate is conducive to the separation of oil and gas molecules in mesopores and micropores.

[0056] The adsorbent 20 is filled in each channel, and gaskets 21 are provided at both ends of the adsorbent 20, i.e., between the adsorbent 20 and the bottom plate 115 and between the adsorbent 20 and the top plate 114. In this embodiment, the gasket 21 is a barrier cotton, which is used to block the adsorbent in the filling cavity and has air permeability, thereby blocking and limiting the carbon powder to prevent it from leaking out.

[0057] The adsorption and desorption paths and principles of the utility model are as follows:

[0058] During the adsorption process, Figure 6As shown, the fuel vapor from the adsorption port 321 will be divided through the adsorption chamber 3611. One part pushes open the third one-way valve 53 and enters the second air chamber 362, and then enters the second channel 13. Another part directly enters the first channel 12 through the through hole on the top plate 114, and after the carbon powder in the first channel 12 and the second channel 13 adsorbs the fuel molecules, it enters the first inner chamber 43. The gas in the first inner chamber 43 pushes open the second one-way valve 52 and enters the second inner chamber 44, and enters the third channel 14 and the fourth channel 15 for further adsorption. The gas adsorbed through the fourth channel 15 directly flows to the atmosphere 34 through the fourth air chamber 364 for discharge. The gas passing through the third channel 14 first enters the third air chamber 363, and then pushes open the fourth one-way valve 54 to enter the fourth air chamber 364, and finally flows to the atmosphere 34 for discharge. The use of multiple channels to enter the adsorption process can greatly reduce the adsorption resistance, avoid the refueling gun jumping, and at the same time, a smaller adsorption flow rate increases the adsorption amount of the charcoal canister, which is equivalent to reducing the aspect ratio of the charcoal canister during the adsorption process (in the prior art, the desorption efficiency is usually improved by increasing the aspect ratio of the charcoal canister containing shell. Increasing the aspect ratio will also cause the adsorption resistance to increase. When the aspect ratio exceeds the critical value, it will cause the refueling gun to jump, and the fuel molecules will quickly migrate into the atmosphere, causing air pollution. In addition, since the total amount of air cleaned by the charcoal canister remains unchanged, increasing the activated carbon filling amount will result in the fuel molecules adsorbed on the activated carbon cannot be fully desorbed. During use, the adsorption performance of the activated carbon gradually decreases. After long-term use, the adsorption performance of the activated carbon is severely reduced, and the fuel molecules will overflow and cause air pollution).

[0059] During the desorption process, Figure 7 As shown, the air from the air pipe 34 first enters the fourth air cavity 364. Due to the setting of the fourth one-way valve 54, the air in the fourth air cavity 364 can only directly enter the fourth channel 15. During the carbon powder process, the fuel molecules adsorbed on the carbon powder will be taken away and enter the second inner cavity 44. Due to the setting of the second one-way valve 52, the gas in the second inner cavity 44 can only enter the third channel 14. During the carbon powder process, the fuel molecules adsorbed on the carbon powder will be taken away again and enter the third air cavity 363. Then, the first one-way valve 51 is pushed open to enter the second air cavity 362. Due to the setting of the third one-way valve 53, the gas in the second air cavity 362 can only enter the second channel 13. During the carbon powder process, the fuel molecules adsorbed on the carbon powder will be taken away again and enter the first inner cavity 43, and then enter the first channel 12. During the carbon powder process, the fuel molecules adsorbed on the carbon powder will continue to be taken away, and finally discharged from the desorption pipe 33 through the desorption cavity 3612. During the entire desorption process, the air flows in a single channel in a downstream direction, which reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the adsorbent, thereby increasing the desorption flow rate, circulating and cleaning the adsorbent, and improving the desorption capacity.

[0060] The adsorption route in this embodiment actually divides the four channels into two parallel channels and then connects them in series. The desorption route is formed by connecting multiple single channels in series, which can simultaneously achieve multi-channel adsorption and single-channel desorption, reducing the adsorption resistance and improving the desorption efficiency.

[0061] In addition, this embodiment is set to perform desorption and adsorption in a multi-channel manner, which is equivalent to dividing a whole piece of adsorption material into multiple parts, and each part can contact the gas, enabling a more sufficient reaction between the gas and the carbon powder, and simultaneously enhancing the adsorption and desorption effects.

[0062] <Example 2>

[0063] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the channel arrangement inside the housing in this embodiment.

[0064] The principle of this embodiment is the same as that of the above-mentioned Embodiment 1. The difference is that in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1, referring to the appendix Figure 1-7 , the arrangement of each channel (the first channel 12, the second channel 13, the third channel 14, and the fourth channel 15) is a side-by-side arrangement. In this embodiment, as Fig.16 shown, the first channel 12, the second channel 13, the third channel 14, and the fourth channel 15 are arranged in a "field" shape.

[0065] <Example 3>

[0066] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the channel arrangement inside the housing in this embodiment.

[0067] The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned Embodiments 1 and 2 is that in this embodiment, as Fig.17 shown, the first channel 12, the second channel 13, the third channel 14, and the fourth channel 15 are arranged in an "L" shape.

[0068] Functions and effects of the above-mentioned embodiments

[0069] First, in the above embodiment, since multiple channels are arranged in the shell 10, when the carbon canister 100 is adsorbing, the fuel vapor from the adsorption port can simultaneously pass through the adsorbents in the first channel 12 and the second channel 13 and then enter the third channel 14 and the fourth channel 15 for adsorption, and finally be discharged from the vent; and when the carbon canister is desorbing, the air from the vent will pass through the fourth channel 15, the third channel 14, the second channel 13 and the first channel 12 in sequence and then be discharged from the desorption port. In other words, the carbon canister can open dual-channel circulation during the adsorption process to increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the adsorbent, thereby reducing the adsorption resistance and improving the adsorption capacity; during the desorption process, a single-channel circulation is opened to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the adsorbent, thereby increasing the desorption flow rate, circulating and cleaning the adsorbent, and improving the desorption capacity.

[0070] Secondly, in the above embodiment, a partition and a one-way valve are provided in the end cover, and the gas direction is adjusted by adjusting the installation direction of the one-way valve, thereby further realizing different gas directions during desorption and adsorption.

[0071] Finally, the above embodiments propose a variety of different channel arrangements to adapt to different installation environments.

[0072] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the utility model, and do not limit the patent protection scope of the utility model. Any equivalent unit transformation made by using the contents of the utility model specification and drawings, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also included in the protection scope of the utility model. For example:

[0073] 1) In the above embodiment, the carbon canister is described with a fuel vehicle as the usage scenario. In actual situations, the above carbon canister can also be used in other situations where adsorption and desorption are required, such as factory exhaust emissions.

[0074] 2) In the above embodiment, the adsorbent filled in the containing shell is a kind of carbon powder. In an alternative scheme, the adsorbent can also be filled in a mixed manner. For example, BAX1100 carbon powder is filled on one side of the vent hole, and BAX1500 carbon powder is filled on one side of the adsorption hole and the desorption hole. The two kinds of carbon powder are separated by sponge. In this way, the carbon canister can meet the prescribed emission limits while having good working ability.

Claims

1. A multi-channel carbon canister, characterized in that: include: housing, and Adsorbent material is filled in the shell, Wherein, the housing has: a containment shell having a first end and a second end; an end cover, mounted on the first end and provided with a suction port and an air vent; and a cover, mounted on the second end, for closing the second end; The housing is provided with an independent first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a fourth channel, each of which is filled with the adsorbent. The first channel and the second channel are both connected to the adsorption port, the third channel and the fourth channel are both connected to the air vent, and a first one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the second channel from the third channel is provided in the end cover, and a second one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the third channel or the fourth channel from the first channel or the second channel is provided in the cover.

2. The multi-channel carbon canister according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The end cap has: An upper cover body, which is disposed on the first end and has a cavity for accommodating gas; The adsorption tube and the air vent are both arranged on a side of the upper cover body away from the first end, and are respectively provided with the adsorption port and the air vent; A partition is provided in the upper cover body, and the partition divides the cavity into a first air cavity, a second air cavity, a third air cavity and a fourth air cavity which correspond to and are connected with the first channel, the second channel, the third channel and the fourth channel respectively.

3. The multi-channel carbon canister according to claim 2, characterized in that: in, The partition includes a first partition, a second partition and a third partition, the first partition is located between the third air cavity and the second air cavity, and the first one-way valve is installed on the first partition; The second partition is located between the second air cavity and the first air cavity, and a third one-way valve is installed on the second partition for only allowing gas to enter the second air cavity from the first air cavity; The third partition is located between the third air cavity and the fourth air cavity, and a fourth one-way valve is installed on the third partition for only allowing gas to enter the third air cavity from the fourth air cavity.

4. The multi-channel carbon canister according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The cover has a lower cover body, which is arranged on the second end and has an inner cavity for accommodating gas. A lower partition is arranged in the lower cover body to separate the inner cavity into a first inner cavity and a second inner cavity. The first inner cavity is connected to the first channel and the second channel, and the second inner cavity is connected to the third channel. The second one-way valve is installed on the lower partition.

5. The multi-channel carbon canister according to claim 3, characterized in that: in, The first one-way valve comprises: a fixing portion, fixed on the first partition portion, The blocking portion is bowl-shaped and has a concave end and a convex end, The first partition is a partition having an air hole, and the blocking portion covers one side of the air hole. When gas flows in from the side where the recessed end is located, the blocking portion, pushed by the gas, creates a gap between the blocking portion and the partition for the gas to pass through; when gas flows in from the side where the protruding end is located, the blocking portion, pushed by the gas, clings to the partition to prevent the gas from passing through.

6. The multi-channel carbon canister according to claim 2, characterized in that: in, A desorption tube is also provided on the upper cover body at a position adjacent to the adsorption tube. An isolation portion is provided in the first air cavity, which separates the first air cavity into an adsorption cavity and a desorption cavity. The adsorption cavity is communicated with the adsorption tube, the desorption cavity is communicated with the desorption tube, and the adsorption cavity is adjacent to the second air cavity. During adsorption, the fuel vapor from the adsorption port passes through the adsorption cavity and enters the second air cavity and the first channel.

7. The multi-channel carbon canister according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: in, The first channel, the second channel, the third channel and the fourth channel are arranged side by side or in a field shape or in an L shape.

8. The multi-channel carbon canister according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: in, The containing shell is provided with a top plate and a bottom plate at the first end and the second end, respectively. Holes for gas to pass through are provided on the top plate and the bottom plate. A space for accommodating the adsorbent is formed between the top plate and the bottom plate, and gaskets are provided between the bottom plate and between the top plate and the adsorbent.

9. The multi-channel carbon canister according to claim 8, characterized in that: in, A spring is pressed between the base plate and the cover, a first fixing groove for fixing one end of the spring is opened on the side of the base plate facing the cover, and a second fixing groove for fixing the other end of the spring is opened on the bottom surface of the cover facing the base plate.

10. A fuel evaporation control system, characterized in that: At least: Carbon canister; Wherein, the carbon canister is a multi-channel carbon canister as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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