Vertical hammer crusher

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical hammer crusher which comprises a middle part, a feeding hopper is arranged above the middle part, a rotating shaft is vertically arranged at the center of the inner bottom surface of the middle part, a plurality of rotors with different diameters are arranged on the rotating shaft, an impact lining matched with the rotors for use is arranged on the inner side surface of the middle part, and a main shaft component is arranged at the top of the rotating shaft; hammers are arranged on the rotors, the rotors are driven by a power mechanism, and a discharging opening of the feeding hopper and the rotors are located on the same axis; according to the utility model, the rotors with different diameters are matched with the hammer head and the counterattack lining, so that materials can be crushed more sufficiently, and the abrasion is more uniform; by means of the central feeding mode that the feeding port and the rotor are located on the same axis, the materials can evenly fall down by 360 degrees, striking of the rotor and the materials is even in the circumferential direction, abrasion of the hammer head and the impact lining is even, and uneven abrasion of the rotor, the hammer head and the impact lining caused by feeding on one side is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of crushers, in particular to a vertical hammer crusher. Background Art

[0002] Hammer crusher is a mechanical device that uses the high-speed rotation of the hammer head to contact the material, and produces a crushing effect such as hitting, impacting, squeezing, and rolling on the material, thereby crushing the material. It is usually used in the mining, stone, cement and other industries to crush ores and stones. Large-sized ores and stones enter the crusher body, so that the particle size of the ores and stones meets the user's requirements; vertical hammer crusher is usually composed of a hopper, a middle part, a main shaft assembly, a rotor, a frame, a motor, etc.

[0003] The motor drives the rotor to rotate at high speed through the main shaft assembly. The material enters from the top, the rotor strikes the material, the material hits the lining wall after being struck, and the rotor squeezes and crushes the material during rotation, so that the material particle size becomes smaller. Enter the next process. Vertical hammers usually have several rotors in the vertical direction. The material falls by gravity, and the throughput is much larger than that of horizontal hammers. However, after the material is struck, the direction after hitting the lining wall is messy, and the direction of entering the next rotor is various. The strike of the next rotor is also in various directions. Some of them may strike upward, affecting the falling speed. Some are at the short arm of the rotor, and the striking speed is low, affecting the crushing effect of the strike. Vertical hammer crushers are used in different industries and have different requirements for product particle size. It is hoped that as much as possible can meet certain particle size requirements.

[0004] In order to increase the crushing effect, the number of rotors or the diameter and speed of the rotors are usually increased, but the effect of rotors with the same diameter is decreasing. A new structure is needed to improve efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a vertical hammer crusher, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a vertical hammer crusher, comprising a middle part, a feed hopper is arranged above the middle part, a rotating shaft is vertically arranged at the center of the inner bottom surface of the middle part, a plurality of rotors of different diameters are arranged on the rotating shaft, an impact lining for matching with the rotor is arranged on the inner side surface of the middle part, a main shaft assembly is arranged on the top of the rotating shaft, hammer heads are arranged on the rotors, the rotors are all driven by a power mechanism, and the discharge port of the feed hopper and the rotor are on the same axis.

[0007] Furthermore, the rotor includes an upper rotor, a middle rotor and a lower rotor which are sequentially arranged on the axis of the rotating shaft from top to bottom, the diameters of the upper rotor, the middle rotor and the lower rotor increase layer by layer, and hammer heads are arranged on the upper rotor, the middle rotor and the lower rotor.

[0008] Furthermore, an upper material stop plate is provided on the top of the upper rotor, a middle material stop plate is provided on the top of the middle rotor, and a lower material stop plate is provided on the top of the lower rotor. The outer edge of the upper material stop plate is opposite to the hammer head on the upper rotor, the outer edge of the middle material stop plate is opposite to the hammer head on the middle rotor, and the outer edge of the lower material stop plate is opposite to the hammer head on the lower rotor.

[0009] Furthermore, the middle part is a cone, a conical cavity is arranged inside the cone, and the inner wall of the conical cavity reaches the upper rotor, the middle rotor and the lower rotor at the same distance; a wear-resistant lining is arranged inside the middle part, and a middle door is arranged on the middle part.

[0010] Furthermore, the hammer head includes a fixed hammer head and / or a movable hammer head, the fixed hammer head includes a hammer block fixedly arranged on the upper rotor, the middle rotor and the lower rotor at equal intervals; the movable hammer head includes a hammer block movably connected to the upper rotor, the middle rotor and the lower rotor at equal intervals; the hammer block is located at the outermost side of the upper rotor, the middle rotor and the lower rotor.

[0011] Furthermore, the feed hopper is hopper-shaped, and a contraction and expansion plate is provided on the top of the feed opening of the feed hopper.

[0012] Furthermore, a frame is also provided at the bottom of the middle part, and a power mechanism is provided on the frame. The power mechanism includes a motor provided on the frame, and the motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a bearing box.

[0013] Compared with the existing technology, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) The utility model can make the material crushing more complete and the wear more uniform by setting the rotors of different diameters in combination with the hammer head and the impact liner; by setting the feeding port and the rotor on the same axis, the central feeding method can make the material fall evenly at 360 degrees, the impact of the rotor and the material is also uniform in the circumferential direction, and the wear of the hammer head and the impact liner is also uniform, thus avoiding uneven wear of the rotor, hammer head and impact liner due to feeding from one side.

[0015] (2) The utility model can make the incoming materials more fully crushed and the crushing efficiency greatly improved by arranging a rotor with a diameter that increases layer by layer from top to bottom in the middle; and by arranging a material blocking plate on the top of each rotor with different diameters, the upper-level materials can slide down to the hammer striking area of ​​the lower-level rotor in a concentrated manner, thereby improving the striking effect.

[0016] (3) The fixed hammer head of the utility model can provide the maximum rotational momentum and has a better striking effect on hard materials, while the movable hammer head can retreat and avoid when encountering hard materials, and has a stronger iron-passing ability. At the same time, the striking surface can be replaced to make the wear uniform; through the setting of the contraction and expansion plate, the material falling can be controlled as needed, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the feed port of the hopper and the particle size of the discharge. When the feed port is expanded by adjusting the contraction and expansion plate, the flow rate of the material increases and the particle size of the discharge increases. When the feed port is reduced by adjusting the contraction and expansion plate, the flow rate of the material decreases and the particle size of the discharge becomes smaller.

[0017] (4) The utility model adopts a design in which the distance between the inner wall of the conical middle part and the rotors of different diameters is the same, so that the hammers on the rotor can crush the materials more evenly; by installing a wear-resistant lining on the inner side of the middle part, it is not necessary to install multiple impact liners for use with rotors and hammers of different diameters, thus saving resources; the middle door provided on the middle part can facilitate internal inspection and maintenance; by only providing one layer of wear-resistant lining, the middle part can be quickly detached from the rotor, which is convenient for maintenance and / or replacement of the rotor or hammer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the middle structure of the first embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the middle internal structure of the first embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material blocking plate of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed hammer structure of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the movable hammer structure of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the middle structure of the second embodiment of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the middle internal structure of the second embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] In the figure: 1, feed hopper; 2, middle part; 221, wear-resistant lining; 222, middle door; 3, upper impact lining; 4, middle impact lining; 5, lower impact lining; 6, spindle assembly; 7, upper rotor; 71, upper material stop plate; 8, middle rotor; 81, middle material stop plate; 9, lower rotor; 91, lower material stop plate; 10, frame; 11, motor; 12, bearing box; 131, fixed hammer; 132, movable hammer; 14, rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Embodiment 1

[0027] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the utility model provides a technical solution: a vertical hammer crusher, including a middle part 2, a feed hopper 1 is arranged above the middle part 2, a rotating shaft 14 is vertically arranged at the center of the inner bottom surface of the middle part 2, a plurality of rotors of different diameters are arranged on the rotating shaft 14, an impact lining used in conjunction with the rotor is arranged on the inner side surface of the middle part 2, a main shaft assembly 6 is arranged on the top of the rotating shaft 14, hammers are arranged on the rotors, and the rotors are driven by a power mechanism, and the discharge port of the feed hopper 1 and the rotor are on the same axis; the utility model can make the material crushing more sufficient and the wear more uniform by setting rotors of different diameters in conjunction with hammers and impact linings; by setting the feed port and the rotor on the same axis, such a central feeding method, the material can fall evenly 360 degrees, the impact of the rotor and the material is also circumferentially uniform, and the wear of the hammer and the impact lining is also uniform, avoiding uneven wear of the rotor, hammer and impact lining due to feeding from one side.

[0028] Among them, the rotor includes an upper rotor 7, a middle rotor 8 and a lower rotor 9 which are arranged on the axis of the rotating shaft 14 from top to bottom in sequence, and the diameters of the upper rotor 7, the middle rotor 8 and the lower rotor 9 increase layer by layer, and hammers are arranged on the upper rotor 7, the middle rotor 8 and the lower rotor 9; by arranging the rotors with increasing diameters from top to bottom in the middle part 2, the incoming materials can be crushed more fully and the crushing efficiency can be greatly improved.

[0029] Among them, an upper blocking plate 71 is arranged on the top of the upper rotor 7, a middle blocking plate 81 is arranged on the top of the middle rotor 8, and a lower blocking plate 91 is arranged on the top of the lower rotor 9. The outer edge of the upper blocking plate 71 is opposite to the hammer head on the upper rotor 7, the outer edge of the middle blocking plate 81 is opposite to the hammer head on the middle rotor 8, and the outer edge of the lower blocking plate 91 is opposite to the hammer head on the lower rotor 9; because the direction of material discharge or the direction of impact after the upper-level hammer hits the material is in all directions, a part of it will fly to the rotor of the next-level hammer, which is not protected by wear-resistant material and is easy to wear, and the linear speed is small and the crushing effect is worse than that of the hammer head. By arranging a blocking plate on the top of each rotor with different diameters, the upper-level material can be concentrated and slide into the hammer hitting area of ​​the next-level rotor, thereby improving the hitting effect.

[0030] Among them, the middle part 2 is a cylindrical hollow middle part 2, and the upper impact liner 3, the middle impact liner 4 and the lower impact liner 5 used in conjunction with the upper rotor 7, the middle rotor 8 and the lower rotor 9 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The upper impact liner 3, the middle impact liner 4 and the lower impact liner 5 have different sizes. The spacing between the upper impact liner 3 and the upper rotor 7 is equal to the spacing between the middle impact liner 4 and the middle rotor 8, and is equal to the spacing between the lower impact liner 5 and the lower rotor 9; by setting the cylindrical hollow middle part 2, the upper impact liner 3, the middle impact liner 4 and the lower impact liner 5 can be easily removed layer by layer, and the upper rotor 7, the middle rotor 8 and the lower rotor 9 and the hammer head can be replaced conveniently; the design of the same distance between the rotors of different diameters reached by the inner wall of the middle part 2 makes the hammer head on the rotor crush the material more evenly.

[0031] like Figure 5-Figure 6 As shown, the hammer head includes a fixed hammer head 131 and / or a movable hammer head 132, wherein the fixed hammer head 131 includes hammer blocks fixedly arranged on the upper rotor 7, the middle rotor 8 and the lower rotor 9 at equal intervals; the movable hammer head 132 includes hammer blocks movably connected to the upper rotor 7, the middle rotor 8 and the lower rotor 9 at equal intervals; the hammer blocks are located at the outermost sides of the upper rotor 7, the middle rotor 8 and the lower rotor 9; the fixed hammer head 131 or the movable hammer head 132 is selected according to the material to be crushed; the fixed hammer head 131 can provide the maximum rotational momentum and has a better striking effect on hard materials, while the movable hammer head 132 can retreat and avoid when encountering hard materials, and has a stronger iron passing ability, and the striking surface can be replaced to make the wear uniform.

[0032] Among them, the feed hopper 1 is bucket-shaped, and a contraction and expansion plate is arranged on the top of the discharge port of the feed hopper 1; through the contraction and expansion plate, the material falling can be controlled as needed, so as to adjust the discharge port throughput and the discharge particle size of the feed hopper 1. When the discharge port is expanded by adjusting the contraction and expansion plate, the material throughput increases and the discharge particle size increases. When the discharge port is reduced by adjusting the contraction and expansion plate, the material throughput decreases and the discharge particle size becomes smaller.

[0033] A frame 10 is also provided at the bottom of the middle part 2 , and a power mechanism is provided on the frame 10 . The power mechanism includes a motor 11 provided on the frame 10 , and the motor 11 is connected to the rotating shaft 14 through a bearing box 12 .

[0034] In summary, the working process of the utility model is as follows: the material enters the middle part 2 from the feed hopper 1, and is crushed by the upper rotor 7, the middle rotor 8 and the lower rotor 9 arranged from top to bottom in the middle part 2 in cooperation with the impact liner, and enters the next process after crushing. Embodiment 2

[0035] This embodiment is improved on the basis of the first embodiment, and proposes a middle part 2 with a different structure;

[0036] like Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, the middle part 2 is a cone, a conical cavity is provided in the cone, and the inner wall of the conical cavity reaches the upper rotor 7, the middle rotor 8 and the lower rotor 9 at the same distance; a wear-resistant lining 221 is provided inside the middle part 2, and a middle door 222 is provided on the middle part 2; the design that the distance between the inner wall of the conical middle part 2 and the rotors of different diameters is the same makes the hammer on the rotor crush the material more uniformly; by installing the wear-resistant lining 221 on the inner side of the middle part 2, there is no need to install multiple upper counter-attack liners 3, middle counter-attack liners 4 and lower counter-attack liners 5 used for rotors and hammers of different diameters, thereby saving resources; the middle door 222 provided on the middle part 2 facilitates internal inspection and maintenance; by providing only one layer of wear-resistant lining 221, the middle part 2 can be quickly detached from the rotor, which is convenient for maintenance and / or replacement of the rotor or hammer.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vertical hammer crusher, comprising a middle part (2), characterized in that: A feed hopper (1) is arranged above the middle part (2), a rotating shaft (14) is arranged vertically at the center of the inner bottom surface of the middle part (2), a plurality of rotors of different diameters are arranged on the rotating shaft (14), an impact liner used in conjunction with the rotor is arranged on the inner side surface of the middle part (2), a main shaft assembly (6) is arranged on the top of the rotating shaft (14), and hammers are arranged on the rotors. The rotors are driven by a power mechanism, and the discharge port of the feed hopper (1) and the rotor are located on the same axis; The rotor comprises an upper rotor (7), a middle rotor (8) and a lower rotor (9) which are arranged on the axis of the rotating shaft (14) in sequence from top to bottom, the diameters of the upper rotor (7), the middle rotor (8) and the lower rotor (9) increasing layer by layer, and hammer heads are arranged on the upper rotor (7), the middle rotor (8) and the lower rotor (9); The middle part (2) is a cone, a conical cavity is provided inside the cone, and the inner wall of the conical cavity reaches the upper rotor (7), the middle rotor (8) and the lower rotor (9) at the same distance; a wear-resistant lining (221) is provided inside the middle part (2), and a middle door (222) is provided on the middle part (2).

2. A vertical hammer crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper material stop plate (71) is arranged on the top of the upper rotor (7), a middle material stop plate (81) is arranged on the top of the middle rotor (8), and a lower material stop plate (91) is arranged on the top of the lower rotor (9); the outer edge of the upper material stop plate (71) faces the hammer head on the upper rotor (7), the outer edge of the middle material stop plate (81) faces the hammer head on the middle rotor (8), and the outer edge of the lower material stop plate (91) faces the hammer head on the lower rotor (9).

3. A vertical hammer crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hammer head comprises a fixed hammer head (131) and / or a movable hammer head (132); the fixed hammer head (131) comprises a hammer block fixedly arranged on the upper rotor (7), the middle rotor (8) and the lower rotor (9) at an equidistant manner; the movable hammer head (132) comprises a hammer block movably connected to the upper rotor (7), the middle rotor (8) and the lower rotor (9) at an equidistant manner; the hammer block is located at the outermost sides of the upper rotor (7), the middle rotor (8) and the lower rotor (9).

4. A vertical hammer crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed hopper (1) is hopper-shaped, and a contraction and expansion plate is provided at the top of the feed opening of the feed hopper (1).

5. A vertical hammer crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: A frame (10) is also provided at the bottom of the middle part (2), and a power mechanism is provided on the frame (10). The power mechanism comprises a motor (11) provided on the frame (10), and the motor (11) is connected to the rotating shaft (14) through a bearing box (12).

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