Artificial wetland device capable of realizing rapid replacement of blocked substrate

Abstract

The utility model relates to an artificial wetland device capable of realizing rapid replacement of a blocked substrate, belonging to the technical field of wetlands. The device sequentially comprises a water inlet unit (1), a filler unit (2) and a water outlet unit (3) which are tightly connected in the water flow direction, the filler unit is divided into two areas in the water flow direction, namely a dynamic replacement area (2-1) and a fixed area (2-3) in sequence. A layer of perforated tracery wall, namely a first perforated tracery wall (1-3), is arranged on the contact surface between the water inlet unit (1) and the dynamic replacement area (2-1) of the filler unit (2); and a layer of perforated tracery wall, namely a second perforated tracery wall (2-2), is arranged on the contact surface between the dynamic replacement area (2-1) and the fixed area (2-3). The easy-to-block section is filled with the matrix of the modular artificial wetland, so that the matrix can be quickly replaced after being blocked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an artificial wetland device which can realize rapid replacement of substrate after being blocked. Background Art

[0002] Artificial wetlands have the characteristics of low investment, low energy consumption, good effluent quality, and certain ornamental value. At present, they have become one of the important means of urban planning and construction. When artificial wetlands are directly used for domestic sewage treatment, due to the high concentration of suspended solids and organic matter in domestic sewage, as the operation time increases, more and more pollutants are adsorbed in the matrix, and microorganisms in the matrix grow excessively, the effective porosity of the matrix decreases, which in turn causes the hydraulic conductivity to decrease and the matrix to become blocked.

[0003] After matrix blockage is formed, the current common practice is to partially restore permeability by stopping the bed for a few weeks, or by replacing the blocked matrix layer, but the construction period is long.

[0004] However, according to a large number of engineering cases and literature, the area where horizontal subsurface flow wetlands are prone to clogging is within the 30% section of the water flow direction; while the area where vertical flow wetlands are prone to clogging is within the 10cm section below the water distribution layer.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the utility model adopts modular artificial wetland matrix to fill the easily blocked section so as to realize rapid replacement of the matrix after being blocked. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an artificial wetland device that can quickly replace the substrate after being clogged.

[0007] The utility model solves the technical problem by adopting a technical solution: an artificial wetland device that can quickly replace the matrix after being blocked, which includes a water inlet unit, a filler unit, and a water outlet unit that are tightly connected in sequence along the water flow direction; the wetland is a horizontal subsurface flow wetland or a vertical flow wetland;

[0008] The water inlet unit mainly distributes the incoming water evenly, and is arranged in the first gravel layer. The water distribution system acts in the first gravel layer, and the water distribution system is T-shaped or V-shaped.

[0009] The packing unit is mainly a reaction zone, where pollutants are decomposed, adsorbed and removed. The packing unit is divided into two areas along the water flow direction: a dynamic replacement area and a fixed area. The first area is the dynamic replacement area. The packing in this area uses a modular artificial wetland matrix. The size of the matrix can be adjusted according to the size of the wetland, such as a brick structure that is arranged and stacked. When the artificial wetland is blocked, the matrix in this area can be replaced. The second area is the fixed area. The required type and thickness of the packing is filled in the area according to the wetland structure. For example, the fixed area of ​​a horizontal subsurface flow wetland can be filled with a particle size of 10 to 50 mm, such as zeolite, ceramsite, etc. For a vertical subsurface flow wetland, the fixed area is filled from top to bottom.

[0010] The water outlet unit includes a water collection system, in which the pipes are arranged in the second gravel layer, using perforated pipes, the main pipe is perforated with a hole diameter of 10mm, a spacing of 150mm, and holes are opened at a staggered angle of 45°. At the same time, ventilation pipes are set at a certain distance.

[0011] Furthermore, the area of ​​the dynamic replacement zone varies according to the type of wetland. When the wetland is a horizontal subsurface flow wetland, the area within the front 30% position of the filling unit along the water flow direction is set as the dynamic replacement zone.

[0012] Furthermore, the modular artificial wetland matrix in the dynamic replacement area is made of cement slurry and aggregate coagulation, which is a conventional technology and can be customized using existing prefabricated concrete block molds, such as 1000*250*120mm, 500*500*60mm, 600*600*65mm, etc.;

[0013] Furthermore, the aggregate of the modular artificial wetland matrix in the dynamic replacement area can be selected from existing traditional artificial wetland matrices, such as zeolite, ceramsite, kaolin, etc.

[0014] Furthermore, the designed porosity of the modular artificial wetland matrix in the dynamic replacement area is 30-40%, preferably, the designed porosity is 35%.

[0015] Further, the water-cement ratio of the concrete of the modular artificial wetland is 0.3-0.5, preferably, the water-cement ratio is 0.4;

[0016] Furthermore, a layer of perforated flower wall, i.e., the first perforated flower wall, is provided on the contact surface between the water inlet unit and the dynamic replacement area of ​​the filler unit; a layer of perforated flower wall, i.e., the second perforated flower wall, is provided on the contact surface between the dynamic replacement area and the fixed area; the flower wall is provided so that when the dynamic replacement area is replaced, the water inlet units and the fixed area on both sides still maintain the original structure without collapse and deformation, while maintaining the dynamic replacement area site to better and quickly replace materials. The first perforated flower wall and the second perforated flower wall are both formed by evenly opening multiple wall through holes on the wall. The perforated flower wall preferably has a thickness of 100 to 150 mm. The size of the perforated flower wall opening is 120 mm x 55 mm; and the opening rate is 50%.

[0017] Plant vegetation on the fill units. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the utility model.

[0019] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-water inlet unit; 1-1-water distribution system; 1-2-first gravel layer; 1-3-first perforated flower wall; 2-filling unit; 2-1-dynamic replacement area; 2-2-second perforated flower wall; 2-3-fixed filling area, 2-4 vegetation; 3-water outlet unit; 3-1-water collection system, 3-2-second gravel layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the contents of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to the application.

[0021] See also Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the process of the utility model. The structure includes a water inlet unit, a filler unit, a retaining wall, and a water outlet unit. The water inlet unit includes 1-1-water distribution system, 1-2-first gravel layer, 1-3-first perforated flower wall; the filler unit includes 2-1-dynamic replacement area; 2-2-second perforated flower wall; 2-3-fixed filler area; 2-4-wetland plants; the water outlet unit includes 3-1-water collection system, 3-2-second gravel layer;

[0022] The utility model intends to achieve the purpose of rapid matrix replacement by implementing the following methods:

[0023] Example ①: With a daily processing capacity of 50m 3 / d horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland as an example:

[0024] The designed hydraulic load is 0.4m / d and the wetland area is 125m 2(12.5x10m);

[0025] 1. When the wetland system operates normally:

[0026] The plane size of the water inlet area is 1.7x10m, and 1-1-water distribution system, 1-2-first gravel layer, and 1-3-first perforated flower wall are set in the water inlet area; the gravel size in the first gravel layer 1-2 is 50-80mm; the water distribution system 1-4 is located in the first gravel layer 1-2. The water of the water distribution system 1-1 enters the dynamic replacement area 2-1 through the first perforated flower wall. The plane size of the dynamic replacement area 2-1 is 3x10m. There are 120 modular matrices of 1x1x0.25m in the dynamic replacement area 2-1. A second perforated flower wall 2-2 is set between the dynamic replacement area 2-1 and the fixed filler area 2-3. Sewage flows into the fixed filler area 2-3 through the second perforated flower wall 2-2. The fixed filler area 2-3 is filled with traditional artificial wetland matrices, such as zeolite of 10 to 50mm. After passing through the fixed filler area, the sewage enters the outlet unit 3. The plane size of the water inlet area is 0.8x10m. The outlet unit 3 is provided with a water collection system 3-1 and a second gravel layer 3-2. The water collection system 3-1 is arranged in the second gravel layer. The gravel size of the second gravel layer 3-2 is 50-80mm. The sewage flows out of the wetland through the water collection system.

[0027] 2. When water stagnation appears on the surface of the wetland or the water output decreases significantly, it is considered that the artificial wetland has matrix blockage:

[0028] Turn off the water inlet pump set at the front end of the wetland, and use the lifting equipment to lift the modular matrix of the dynamic replacement area 2-1 piece by piece.

[0029] The utility model combines the clogging characteristics of the vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland matrix and adopts modular matrix to fill the easily clogged area of ​​the wetland, thereby accelerating the speed of replacing the matrix after the wetland is clogged.

Claims

1. A constructed wetland device that can quickly replace the matrix after clogging, characterized in that: The wetland comprises a water inlet unit (1), a filler unit (2), and a water outlet unit (3) which are tightly connected in sequence along the water flow direction; the wetland is a horizontal subsurface flow wetland or a vertical flow wetland; The water inlet unit (1) evenly distributes the inlet water and is arranged using the first gravel layer (1-2), and the water distribution system (1-1) acts in the first gravel layer (1-2); The packing unit (2) is a reaction zone. The packing unit is divided into two areas along the water flow direction: a dynamic replacement area (2-1) and a fixed area (2-3). The first area is the dynamic replacement area (2-1). The packing of the dynamic replacement area (2-1) adopts a modular artificial wetland matrix. The packing of the dynamic replacement area (2-1) adopts a brick structure and is arranged and stacked. When the artificial wetland is blocked, the matrix of the area can be replaced. The second area is the fixed area (2-3). The water outlet unit comprises a water collection system (3-1) which is a pipe arranged in the second gravel layer (3-2); A layer of perforated flower wall, namely a first perforated flower wall (1-3), is provided on the contact surface between the water inlet unit (1) and the dynamic replacement area (2-1) of the filler unit (2); and a layer of perforated flower wall, namely a second perforated flower wall (2-2), is provided on the contact surface between the dynamic replacement area (2-1) and the fixed area (2-3).

2. A constructed wetland device capable of rapid replacement of substrate after clogging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wetland structure is a horizontal subsurface flow wetland, and the fixed area (2-3) is filled with filler with a particle size of 10~50mm; the wetland structure is a vertical subsurface flow wetland, and the fixed area (2-3) is filled from top to bottom.

3. A constructed wetland device capable of rapid replacement of substrate after clogging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution system is T-shaped or V-shaped.

4. A constructed wetland device capable of rapid replacement of substrate after clogging according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the wetland is a horizontal subsurface flow wetland, the area within the first 30% position of the filler unit (2) along the water flow direction is set as a dynamic replacement area.

5. A constructed wetland device capable of rapid replacement of substrate after clogging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular artificial wetland matrix in the dynamic replacement area is made of cement slurry and aggregate concrete and is customized using an existing prefabricated concrete block mold.

6. A constructed wetland device capable of rapid replacement of substrate after clogging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porosity of the modular artificial wetland matrix in the dynamic replacement area is 30-40%.

7. A constructed wetland device capable of rapid replacement of substrate after clogging according to claim 6, characterized in that: The porosity is 35%.

8. A constructed wetland device capable of rapid replacement of substrate after clogging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first perforated flower wall and the second perforated flower wall are both formed by evenly opening a plurality of through holes on the wall; the thickness of the perforated flower wall is 100-150mm, the size of the opening of the perforated flower wall is 120mmx55mm; and the opening rate is 50%.

9. A constructed wetland device capable of rapid replacement of substrate after clogging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collection system (3-1) uses perforated pipes. The main pipe is perforated with a hole diameter of 10mm and a spacing of 150mm. The holes are staggered at 45°, and ventilation pipes are set at certain intervals.

10. The artificial wetland device according to claim 1, which can realize rapid replacement of the matrix after being blocked, is characterized in that: Planting vegetation (2-4) on the filler unit (2).

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