Hard material hardening and tempering elastic backing plate for heavy haul railway fastener

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a heavy haul railway fastener hard material hardening and tempering elastic base plate which comprises an elastic base plate body, a plurality of through holes which are through up and down are formed in the elastic base plate body, each through hole is small in the middle and large in two ends, and filling blocks are arranged in at least part of the through holes. The shape of the filling block is matched with the shape of the corresponding through hole, the material hardness of the filling block is larger than that of the elastic base plate body, and the height of the filling block is smaller than that of the elastic base plate body. The filling blocks are filled in the through holes, so that the vertical rigidity and the transverse rigidity of the elastic base plate can be effectively improved, and the service life is prolonged; the filling blocks are made of materials with the hardness larger than that of the elastic base plate body, the bearing capacity of the elastic base plate can be effectively enhanced, the elastic base plate can be suitable for heavy haul railway fastener systems with different rigidity requirements by adjusting the materials of the filling blocks, the elastic base plate is prevented from being crushed and disable, and the elastic base plate is simple in structure, convenient, reliable and convenient to popularize.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rail transportation, in particular to a hard material tempered elastic pad for a heavy-duty railway fastener. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of the heavy-load railway fastener system, the elastic pad mainly plays the role of buffering the mutual dynamic effect generated when the vehicle passes, ensuring the smooth operation of the train and reducing the impact of the train on the track. The utility model patent with the Chinese patent authorization announcement number CN208151770U is a prior application by the applicant. It discloses a high-damping displacement adjustable elastic pad for rail transit, which is essentially a mesh elastic pad, in which a high-damping elastomer is filled and set. When the elastic pad is under pressure, the mesh shrinks, and the high-damping elastomer is squeezed and deformed by the elastic pad, consuming and absorbing vibration energy. By improving the elastic utilization rate and damping of the elastic pad material, the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect is improved. However, for heavy-load railways, the load will increase exponentially. The body and high-damping elastomer of the above-mentioned mesh elastic pad are elastic parts. During use, the elastic pad often collapses, resulting in abnormal wear on the rail surface, roadbed hardening, uneven settlement and other track diseases, which seriously affect driving safety and railway transportation capacity. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a hard material tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners, aiming at the problem that the main body and high-damping elastomer of the existing mesh elastic pad in the prior art are both elastic parts with effective load-bearing capacity. For heavy-duty railways, when the mesh elastic pad is used, the elastic pad is often crushed, resulting in abnormal wear of the rail surface, compaction of the ballast bed, uneven settlement and other track diseases, which seriously affect driving safety and railway transportation capacity.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0005] A hard material tempered elastic pad for a heavy-duty railway fastener comprises an elastic pad body, the elastic pad body is provided with a plurality of through holes extending vertically therethrough, each of the through holes is small in the middle and large at both ends, at least some of the through holes are provided with filling blocks, the shapes of the filling blocks are adapted to the shapes of the corresponding through holes, the material hardness of the filling blocks is greater than the material hardness of the elastic pad body, and the height of the filling blocks is less than the height of the elastic pad body.

[0006] The utility model adopts a hard material tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners. The structure of the elastic pad body and the through hole can ensure that the elastic pad is evenly stressed and deformed when under pressure, and the overall material utilization rate of the elastic pad is high. The filling block filled in the through hole can effectively improve the vertical stiffness and lateral stiffness of the elastic pad, and when the elastic pad is under pressure, the filling block can absorb part of the energy, further reducing the overall stress level of the elastic pad body, thereby extending the service life of the elastic pad; the filling block is made of a material with relatively high hardness, which can effectively enhance the bearing capacity of the elastic pad, and the material of the filling block can be adjusted to make it suitable for railway fastener systems with different stiffness requirements, thereby avoiding the elastic pad from being crushed and disabled. The elastic pad has a simple structure, is convenient and reliable, and is easy to promote.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the through holes are staggeredly distributed on the elastic pad body.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the through hole is circular or polygonal.

[0009] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the through hole is a regular hexagon.

[0010] With this structure, due to the stability of the regular hexagonal structure, more through holes and filling blocks can be provided on the elastic pad body under the same elastic pad body area and the same pressure conditions, further improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the elastic pad.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the elastic pad body is a rubber structural member.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the filling block is TPEE (thermoplastic polyester elastomer), nylon, cast iron steel or concrete structural parts.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the filling block is interference fit with the through hole.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the filling block is detachably connected in the corresponding through hole.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the gap distance d1 between the upper surface of the filling block and the upper surface of the elastic pad body is greater than 0.5mm, and the gap distance d2 between the lower surface of the filling block and the lower surface of the elastic pad body is greater than 0.5mm.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the filling block and the elastic pad body are vulcanized and formed at one time, or after the elastic pad body is vulcanized, the filling block is press-fitted into the elastic pad body to form it.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] The utility model discloses a hard material tempered elastic pad for a heavy-duty railway fastener. The structure of the elastic pad body and the through hole can ensure that the elastic pad is evenly stressed and deformed when under pressure, and the overall material utilization rate of the elastic pad is high. The filling block filled in the through hole can effectively improve the vertical stiffness and lateral stiffness of the elastic pad, and when the elastic pad is under pressure, the filling block can absorb part of the energy, further reducing the overall stress level of the elastic pad body, thereby extending the service life of the elastic pad; the filling block is made of a material with relatively high hardness, which can enhance the bearing capacity of the elastic pad, and the material of the filling block can be adjusted to make it suitable for railway fastener systems with different stiffness requirements, thereby avoiding the elastic pad from being crushed and disabled. The elastic pad has a simple structure, is convenient and reliable, and is easy to promote. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the plane structure of the hard material quenched and tempered elastic pad (regular hexagonal through hole);

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-sectional structure of the hard material quenched and tempered elastic pad (regular hexagonal through hole);

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the hard material quenched and tempered elastic pad (circular through hole);

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-section structure of the hard material tempered elastic pad (circular through hole);

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram comparing the stress cloud diagrams of the hard material quenched and tempered elastic pad and the mesh elastic pad;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the comparison of vertical stiffness of hard material tempered elastic pads with and without adding filler blocks;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical stiffness comparison between the hard material quenched and tempered elastic pad and the mesh elastic pad;

[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the lateral stiffness comparison between the hard material tempered elastic pad and the mesh elastic pad.

[0027] Markings in the figure: 1-elastic pad body, 2-through hole, 3-filling block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0031] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. that appear in the terms are merely descriptions used to distinguish the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0032] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0033] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0034] In the related art, the main body and high damping elastic body of the existing mesh elastic pad are both elastic parts with limited load capacity. For heavy-load railways, the elastic pad often collapses when the mesh elastic pad is used, resulting in abnormal wear on the rail surface, roadbed hardening, uneven settlement and other track diseases, which seriously affect driving safety and railway transportation capacity. Figures 1 to 8 To elaborate.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a hard material tempered elastic pad for a heavy-duty railway fastener described in the utility model includes an elastic pad body 1. In a specific embodiment, the elastic pad body 1 is a rubber structural member to provide good elasticity.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the elastic pad body 1 is provided with a plurality of through holes 2 which penetrate from top to bottom. Each of the through holes 2 is small in the middle and large at both ends. That is, in the longitudinal section, the middle of the through hole 2 is smaller than the two ends, forming a waisted structure.

[0038] A filling block 3 is provided in at least part of the through hole 2, the shape of the filling block 3 is adapted to the shape of the corresponding through hole 2, the material hardness of the filling block 3 is greater than the material hardness of the elastic pad body 1, and the height of the filling block 3 is less than the height of the elastic pad body 1. In some specific embodiments, the filling block 3 is TPEE, nylon, cast iron steel or concrete structural parts.

[0039] It can be seen that all the through holes 2 on the elastic pad body 1 can be completely filled with the filling blocks 3, or partially filled according to the stiffness requirements of the actual circuit, so as to achieve flexible adjustment of the stiffness. The material hardness of the filling blocks 3 is greater than the material hardness of the elastic pad body 1. The elastic pad body 1 is prone to elastic deformation, while the filling blocks 3 are harder and hardly deform when used for bearing.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, two adjacent rows of through holes 2 are staggered on the elastic pad body 1, i.e., arranged in a plum blossom shape, and the cross-sectional shape of the through hole 2 is circular or polygonal. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the through hole 2 is preferably a regular hexagon. With this structure, due to the stability of the regular hexagonal structure, more through holes 2 and filling blocks 3 can be arranged on the elastic pad body 1 under the same area of ​​the elastic pad body 1 and the same pressure condition, further improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the elastic pad.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the filling block 3 is detachably connected to the corresponding through hole 2 , and the filling block 3 can be interference fit with the through hole 2 .

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the gap distance d1 between the upper surface of the filling block 3 and the upper surface of the elastic pad body 1 is greater than 0.5 mm, and the gap distance d2 between the lower surface of the filling block 3 and the lower surface of the elastic pad body 1 is greater than 0.5 mm. In this case, the height of the elastic pad body 1 is greater than 1 mm of the height of the filling block 3. The filling block 3 can be a vertically symmetrical structure or an asymmetrical structure.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the filling block 3 and the elastic pad body 1 are vulcanized and formed at one time, or after the elastic pad body 1 is vulcanized, the filling block 3 is press-fitted into the elastic pad body 1 to form the filling block 3 .

[0044] Figure 5 The stress cloud diagrams of the hard material tempered elastic pad and the mesh elastic pad of the heavy-duty railway fastener in this embodiment are illustrated, wherein the left side is the stress cloud diagram of the mesh elastic pad, and the right side is the stress cloud diagram of the hard material tempered elastic pad of the heavy-duty railway fastener. It can be seen that the structure of this embodiment significantly reduces the overall stress level of the elastic pad, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the elastic pad.

[0045] Figure 6 The example shows the comparison of the vertical stiffness of the hard material tempered elastic pad of the heavy-duty railway fastener in this embodiment with and without the addition of the filling block 3. It can be seen that after adding the filling block 3, the deformation of the elastic pad will be significantly reduced, and the corresponding vertical stiffness of the elastic pad will also increase.

[0046] Figure 7The vertical stiffness comparison between the hard material tempered elastic pad and the mesh elastic pad of the heavy-duty railway fastener in this embodiment is exemplified. It can be seen that when the load is small, the vertical stiffness of the two is relatively consistent. At this stage, it is mainly the elastic deformation of the elastic pad body 1. As the load increases, the structure of this embodiment is supported by the harder filling block 3, the vertical stiffness increases, and the elastic pad is almost not deformed or displaced under pressure. Since the mesh elastic pad is mainly a rubber elastomer, it is directly crushed and disabled under a large load. Therefore, the structure of this embodiment is more suitable for use in heavy-duty railways, and the existing mesh elastic pads are difficult to be used in heavy-duty railways.

[0047] Figure 8 The comparison of the lateral stiffness between the hard material tempered elastic pad and the mesh elastic pad of the heavy-duty railway fastener in this embodiment is illustrated. It can be seen that under the same load, the structure of this embodiment has smaller deformation displacement than the existing mesh elastic pad and has better lateral stiffness.

[0048] The embodiment described a hard material tempered elastic pad for a heavy-duty railway fastener, the structure of the elastic pad body 1 and the through hole 2 can ensure that the elastic pad is evenly stressed and deformed when under pressure, and the overall material utilization rate of the elastic pad is high. The filling block 3 filled in the through hole 2 can effectively improve the vertical stiffness and lateral stiffness of the elastic pad, and when the elastic pad is under pressure, the filling block 3 can absorb part of the energy, further reducing the overall stress level of the elastic pad body 1, thereby extending the service life of the elastic pad; the filling block 3 is made of a material with relatively high hardness, which can enhance the bearing capacity of the elastic pad, and the material of the filling block 3 can be adjusted to make it suitable for railway fastener systems with different stiffness requirements, thereby avoiding the elastic pad from being crushed and disabled. The elastic pad has a simple structure, is convenient and reliable, and is easy to promote.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hard material tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners, comprising an elastic pad body (1), characterized in that: The elastic pad body (1) is provided with a plurality of through holes (2) which pass through from top to bottom, each of the through holes (2) being small in the middle and large at both ends, and at least some of the through holes (2) are provided with filling blocks (3), the shape of the filling blocks (3) being adapted to the shape of the corresponding through holes (2), the material hardness of the filling blocks (3) being greater than the material hardness of the elastic pad body (1), and the height of the filling blocks (3) being less than the height of the elastic pad body (1).

2. The hard material tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The through holes (2) are distributed in a staggered manner on the elastic pad body (1).

3. The hard material tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the through hole (2) is circular or polygonal.

4. The hard material tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the through hole (2) is a regular hexagon.

5. The hard material tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The elastic pad body (1) is a rubber structural component.

6. The hard material tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling block (3) is a TPEE, nylon, cast iron steel or concrete structural member.

7. The hard material quenched and tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling block (3) is interference fit with the through hole (2).

8. The hard material tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling block (3) is detachably connected in the corresponding through hole (2).

9. The hard material tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap distance d1 between the upper surface of the filling block (3) and the upper surface of the elastic pad body (1) is greater than 0.5 mm, and the gap distance d2 between the lower surface of the filling block (3) and the lower surface of the elastic pad body (1) is greater than 0.5 mm.

10. The hard material quenched and tempered elastic pad for heavy-duty railway fasteners according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The filling block (3) and the elastic pad body (1) are vulcanized and formed at one time, or after the elastic pad body (1) is vulcanized, the filling block (3) is pressed into the elastic pad body (1) to form the filling block.

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