Push rod of valve mechanism, valve mechanism and engine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a valve actuating mechanism push rod, a valve actuating mechanism and an engine, comprising: a push rod housing, one end of which is used for connecting with a tappet, the push rod housing being a hollow structure; one end of the push rod body is located in the push rod shell, and the other end of the push rod body extends out of the push rod shell from the other end of the push rod shell; an oil cavity filled with oil is formed between the push rod body and the push rod shell, an oil channel is formed in the side wall of the push rod shell, one end of the oil channel communicates with the oil cavity, and the other end of the oil channel communicates with an oil return device. According to the push rod, at the moment that the air valve makes contact with the piston in the air cylinder, the piston generates pressure on the air valve, the push rod shell extrudes oil in the oil cavity, oil pressure rises rapidly, an oil channel is communicated, the oil in the oil cavity flows out, the push rod body falls back under the action of gravity, the air valve does not bear pressure of a rocker arm any more, and the air valve is far away from the piston of the air cylinder. Due to the fact that the lift of the air valve can be reduced after the pressure of the oil in the oil cavity is relieved, collision between the air valve and the piston is avoided, and reliability of the engine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a push rod of a valve mechanism, the valve mechanism and an engine. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of the engine, the valve train is used to supply fuel gas to the cylinder and to discharge the exhaust gas. Specifically, the valve train usually includes a timing gear system, a camshaft, and a valve train assembly (valves, push rods, rocker arms, etc.). The rotation of the cam of the camshaft can drive the valve train assembly to open and close the intake and exhaust channels on the cylinder head, so that the fresh mixed gas can fill the cylinder in time and the exhaust gas can be discharged from the cylinder in time.

[0003] However, when the engine is overspeeding, the valve's movement inertia and self-excited vibration intensify, which can cause the valve to fly off and jump. That is, the valve's movement trajectory is not synchronized with the operation of the cam, causing the valve channel to open early or close late, increasing the risk of the valve colliding with the piston in the cylinder.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a push rod of a valve train to reduce the valve lift under the engine overspeed disclosure, alleviate the problem of valve and piston collision in the cylinder, is a technical problem that the skilled person needs to solve urgently. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a push rod of a valve mechanism to reduce the valve lift under the overspeed of the engine and alleviate the problem of the valve colliding with the piston in the cylinder. In addition, the utility model also provides a valve mechanism and an engine having the push rod of the valve mechanism.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A push rod of a valve mechanism, comprising:

[0008] A push rod housing, one end of which is used to connect with the tappet, and the push rod housing is a hollow structure;

[0009] A push rod body, one end of which is located inside the push rod housing, and the other end of which extends out of the push rod housing from the other end of the push rod housing; an oil chamber filled with oil is formed between the push rod body and the push rod housing, an oil passage is opened on the side wall of the push rod housing, one end of the oil passage is connected to the oil chamber, and the other end is connected to the oil return device.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-mentioned push rod of the valve mechanism, the push rod housing comprises:

[0011] a first section, the first section being capable of extending outward from the push rod housing;

[0012] The second section is assembled in the push rod housing, and the circumference of the second section can be in sealing contact with the inner wall of the push rod housing and slide along the inner wall of the push rod housing.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned push rod of the valve mechanism, the diameter of the first section is smaller than the diameter of the second section, and the first section and the second section form a step structure;

[0014] The top of the push rod housing is provided with an assembly hole for the first section to pass through, and the diameter of the assembly hole is smaller than the diameter of the second section.

[0015] Preferably, in the push rod of the above-mentioned valve mechanism, the oil return device is an elastic oil storage bag with a variable volume, and the oil storage bag is sealed and connected to the oil passage.

[0016] Preferably, in the push rod of the above-mentioned valve mechanism, the oil passage is provided with a valve, and the valve is a two-way valve or a solenoid valve for controlling the on-off of the oil passage.

[0017] Preferably, in the push rod of the above-mentioned valve mechanism, the oil return device comprises:

[0018] An oil return passage, wherein the oil return passage is opened on the side wall of the push rod housing, and one end of the oil return passage is connected to the oil chamber;

[0019] An oil return pipeline, one end of which is in sealed communication with the oil passage, and the other end of which is in sealed communication with the other end of the oil return passage.

[0020] Preferably, in the push rod of the above-mentioned valve mechanism, the oil return passage is provided with an oil return valve, and the oil return valve controls a one-way valve that connects the oil return passage from the oil return pipeline to the oil chamber;

[0021] The oil passage is provided with a valve, and the valve is a one-way valve for controlling the conduction of the oil chamber to the oil return pipeline.

[0022] A valve train of an engine comprises a push rod, wherein the push rod is any one of the push rods described above.

[0023] Preferably, the above-mentioned valve mechanism further includes:

[0024] A rotation speed sensor, wherein the rotation speed sensor is used to obtain the rotation speed of the engine;

[0025] A control system is connected to a valve on the oil passage of the push rod, and when the rotation speed of the engine exceeds a preset rotation speed, the control system controls the valve to open.

[0026] An engine includes a valve mechanism, wherein the valve mechanism is the valve mechanism described above.

[0027] The utility model discloses a push rod of a valve mechanism in an embodiment, wherein an oil chamber between a push rod housing and a push rod body is provided with oil, and during operation of an engine under an overspeed condition, at the moment when a valve contacts a piston in a cylinder, the piston generates pressure on the valve, so that the push rod housing squeezes the oil in the oil chamber, so that the oil pressure in the oil chamber increases rapidly, the oil passage is connected, the oil in the oil chamber flows out, and the push rod body falls back under the action of gravity, so that the valve is no longer subjected to the pressure from the rocker arm, and the valve is away from the piston of the cylinder. Since the oil in the oil chamber can reduce the valve lift after the pressure is released, the collision between the valve and the piston in the cylinder is avoided, thereby improving the reliability of the engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the valve mechanism disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a push rod of a valve mechanism disclosed in an embodiment of the utility model under a normal working condition;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of middle A;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the push rod of the valve mechanism disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model under the overspeed condition;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a disassembled diagram of a push rod of a valve mechanism disclosed in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first structure of the push rod of the valve mechanism disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model under the normal working condition;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first structure of the push rod overspeed condition of the valve mechanism disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 8It is a structural schematic diagram of a second structure of a push rod of a valve mechanism disclosed in an embodiment of the utility model under a normal working condition;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second structure of the push rod overspeed condition of the valve mechanism disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The utility model discloses a push rod of a valve mechanism, which is used to reduce the valve lift under overspeed of the engine and alleviate the problem of collision between the valve and the piston in the cylinder. In addition, the utility model also discloses a valve mechanism and an engine having the push rod of the valve mechanism.

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0040] During the operation of the engine, the valve train is used to supply fuel gas to the cylinder and to discharge the exhaust gas. The valve train usually includes a timing gear system, a camshaft, and a valve train assembly (valves, push rods, rocker arms, etc.). The rotation of the cam of the camshaft can drive the valve train assembly to open and close the intake and exhaust channels on the cylinder head, so that the fresh mixed gas can fill the cylinder in time and the exhaust gas can be discharged from the cylinder in time.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the valve train of the engine includes a cam 100 , a tappet 200 , a push rod 300 , a rocker arm 400 and a valve 500 .

[0042] The cam 100 is mounted on a camshaft (not shown in the figure) and rotates with the camshaft, thereby forming a driving component of the valve mechanism. One end of the push rod 300 contacts and abuts against the cam 100 through the tappet 200, and the other end of the push rod 300 abuts against the rocker arm 400, and the valve 500 abuts against the other side of the rocker arm 400, thereby forming a transmission component of the valve mechanism. During the rotation of the camshaft, the cam 100 is driven to rotate, and then the rocker arm 400 is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft of the rocker arm 400 through the tappet 200 and the push rod 300, driving the valve 500 to rise and fall, thereby opening and closing the intake channel and exhaust channel on the cylinder head.

[0043] However, when the engine is overspeeding, the movement inertia and self-excited vibration of the valve 500 intensify, which may cause the valve 500 to fly off or jump. That is, the movement trajectory of the valve 500 is not synchronized with the operation of the cam 100, causing the channel where the valve 500 is located (including the intake channel and the exhaust channel) to open early or close late, increasing the risk of the valve 500 colliding with the piston in the cylinder.

[0044] Based on this, the structure of the push rod 300 is changed in the present application to reduce the valve lift under overspeed conditions, thereby avoiding the collision between the valve and the piston to improve the reliability of the engine.

[0045] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 The push rod 300 shown includes: a push rod housing 301 and a push rod body 302. The push rod housing 301 is connected to the tappet 200, and the push rod housing 301 is a hollow structure. One end of the push rod body 302 extends into the interior of the push rod housing 301, and the other end of the push rod body 302 abuts against the rocker arm 400.

[0046] The push rod housing 301 contains oil, and the interior of the push rod housing 301 is defined as an oil chamber 303. After the push rod body 302 extends into the oil chamber 303 in the push rod housing 301, it contacts the oil in the push rod housing 301. Under the action of the oil, the push rod body 302 is supported and maintained at a specific height. The push rod body 302 can move relative to the push rod housing 301 along the axial direction of the push rod body 302 to change the distance of the push rod body 302 relative to the cam 100.

[0047] The side wall of the push rod housing 301 has an oil passage 305, one end of which is connected to the oil chamber 303, including but not limited to the oil passage 305 being arranged near the bottom of the oil chamber 303. The other end of the oil passage 305 is connected to the oil return device.

[0048] In order to achieve the connection and disconnection between the oil chamber 303 and the oil channel 305, a valve 304 can be set on the oil channel 305. The type of valve 304 can be set according to different needs. In other embodiments, the valve 304 can also be set at the outlet where the oil chamber 303 and the oil channel 305 are sealed and connected.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, when the engine is operating under normal speed conditions, the pressure applied to the push rod 300 by the rocker arm 400 and the cam 100 is a normal pressure value. Under this pressure value, the push rod body 302 remains at a constant height under the action of the oil in the oil chamber 303 to control the opening and closing of the valve 500, and the valve mechanism operates normally.

[0050] like Figure 4As shown, when the engine is working under overspeed conditions, at the moment when the valve 500 contacts the piston in the cylinder, the piston generates pressure on the valve 500, and the pressure of the valve 500 acts on the push rod body 302 through the rocker arm 400, so that the push rod body 302 squeezes the oil in the oil chamber 303, and the oil pressure in the oil chamber 303 increases rapidly. The valve 304 opens under the action of the oil pressure, and the oil in the oil chamber 303 flows out. The push rod body 302 falls back under the action of gravity, so that the rocker arm 400 and the valve bridge of the valve 500 are no longer in contact, and the valve 500 is no longer subjected to the pressure from the rocker arm 400. The valve 500 is away from the piston of the cylinder under the action of the valve spring of the valve 500, so that the lift of the valve 500 is reduced, thereby solving the problem of collision between the valve 500 and the piston in the cylinder.

[0051] An oil chamber 303 is formed inside the push rod 300 of the transmission assembly in the present application, and oil is arranged in the oil chamber 303. Under the action of the oil, the push rod body 302 is supported to maintain a normal height. When the engine is in an overspeed condition and the valve collides with the piston in the cylinder, the oil in the oil chamber 303 is discharged, causing the height of the push rod body 302 to drop, and then the position of the valve 500 is driven to change through the rocker arm 400 to move away from the piston of the cylinder, that is, to reduce the lift of the valve 500, thereby solving the problem of the collision between the valve 500 and the piston in the cylinder.

[0052] In some embodiments, the oil passage 305 is perpendicular to the axis of the push rod body 302 to reduce the flow path of the oil. The direction and size of the oil passage 305 can be set according to different needs and are all within the protection range.

[0053] The push rod body 302 is in sealed contact with the push rod housing 301 to prevent the oil from being discharged through the gap between the oil chamber 303 and the push rod body 302 under pressure, thereby affecting the normal use of the engine.

[0054] See also Figure 5As shown, the push rod body 302 in the present application includes: a first section 3021 and a second section 3022. Exemplarily, the diameter of the second section 3022 is larger than the diameter of the first section 3021, and a step structure is formed at the connection between the first section 3021 and the second section 3022. During the connection between the push rod body 302 and the push rod housing 301, the second section 3022 is assembled inside the push rod housing 301, and the first section 3021 extends out of the top of the push rod housing 301. In some embodiments, the top of the push rod housing 301 has an assembly hole 3011, and the first section 3021 extends out of the push rod housing 301 through the assembly hole 3011. The diameter of the assembly hole 3011 is the same as the diameter of the first section 3021, or is larger than the diameter of the first section 3021 and smaller than the diameter of the second section 3022. The above-mentioned dimension setting can prevent the push rod body 302 from being separated from the push rod housing 301 , that is, the second section 3022 of the push rod body 302 is confined in the push rod housing 301 .

[0055] The shapes and matching relationship of the push rod body 302 and the push rod housing 301 disclosed above are simple in structure and can ensure the stability of the movement of the push rod body 302 after the push rod body 302 and the push rod housing 301 are assembled.

[0056] Combination Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the oil return device of the push rod 300 of the valve mechanism includes but is not limited to an elastically deformable oil collecting bag 306. The opening of the oil collecting bag 306 is connected to the outlet of the oil passage 305 (the end of the oil passage 305 away from the oil chamber 303), and the oil collecting bag 306 is sealed and connected to the oil passage 305 to prevent oil leakage.

[0057] When the oil in the oil chamber 303 does not enter the oil collecting bag 306 , that is, when the oil collecting bag 306 is in the initial state, the volume of the oil collecting bag 306 is small, and the pressure in the oil collecting bag 306 can be atmospheric pressure.

[0058] When the oil in the oil chamber 303 is squeezed and the valve 304 is turned on, the oil in the oil chamber 303 enters the oil collecting bag 306 through the oil passage 305. As the oil in the oil collecting bag 306 increases, the volume of the oil collecting bag 306 gradually expands. Until the pressure in the oil chamber 303 decreases to the point where the push rod body 302 falls under the action of gravity, the valve 500 does not collide with the piston in the cylinder. It should be noted that, as the oil in the oil collecting bag 306 increases, the pressure in the oil collecting bag 306 increases, and the pressure generated by the deformation of the oil collecting bag 306 increases.

[0059] When the contact between the valve 500 and the piston in the cylinder disappears, that is, the pressure applied by the piston to the valve 500 disappears, the pressure of the push rod body 302 decreases, causing the push rod body 302 to reduce the pressure in the oil chamber 303. Since the pressure in the oil collecting bag 306 is greater than the pressure in the oil chamber 303, the valve 304 opens, and the oil in the oil collecting bag 306 can enter the oil chamber 303 and push the push rod body 302 to reset, thereby ensuring that the valve 500 resumes its normal lift.

[0060] Based on the above functions, the valve 304 in the present application is a two-way valve to facilitate two-way conduction.

[0061] Combination Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the illustrated embodiment, the push rod 300 further includes an oil return pipeline 309 and an oil return passage 307 , and the oil return pipeline 309 and the oil return passage 307 are oil return devices that are in communication with the oil passage 305 .

[0062] Specifically, the return oil channel 307 is opened on the side wall of the push rod housing 301, one end of the return oil channel 307 is connected to the oil chamber 303, and the other end is sealedly connected to one end of the return oil pipeline 309, and the other end of the return oil pipeline 309 is connected to the outlet of the oil channel 305, so that the oil channel 305 is connected to the return oil channel 307 through the return oil pipeline 309, and the return oil channel 307 is connected to the oil chamber 303.

[0063] Exemplarily, the oil return channel 307 is arranged perpendicular to the axis direction of the push rod housing 301. Optionally, the oil return channel 307 is arranged parallel to the oil channel 305. The oil return channel 307 is provided with an oil return valve 308, which can control the opening and closing of the oil return channel 307 and the oil chamber 303.

[0064] When the oil in the oil chamber 303 is squeezed, the valve 304 is turned on and the oil return valve 308 is closed, and the oil in the oil chamber 303 enters the oil return line 309 through the oil passage 305, until the pressure in the oil chamber 303 is reduced to the point where the push rod body 302 falls under the action of gravity, and the valve 500 does not collide with the piston in the cylinder. It should be noted that since the oil return valve 308 is closed, the oil will gather in the oil return line 309. Based on this, the oil return line 309 in the present application can be arranged according to different needs to meet the requirements of oil accommodation.

[0065] When the contact between the valve 500 and the piston in the cylinder disappears, that is, the pressure applied by the piston to the valve 500 disappears, the pressure of the push rod body 302 decreases, causing the push rod body 302 to reduce the pressure in the oil chamber 303. At this time, the valve 304 is closed, the return oil valve 308 is opened, and the oil in the return oil pipeline 309 flows back to the oil chamber 303 through the return oil channel 307, and pushes the push rod body 302 to reset, so as to ensure that the valve 500 resumes normal lift.

[0066] based on Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the oil return method, in an optional embodiment, the valve 304 is a one-way hydraulic valve, and the oil return valve 308 is a one-way hydraulic valve or a solenoid valve.

[0067] Two oil return methods for the oil in the oil chamber 303 are disclosed above, and those skilled in the art may select them according to different needs, and they are all within the scope of protection.

[0068] In some embodiments, the valve 304 can also be set as a battery valve, and a speed sensor for monitoring the engine speed can be set. When the engine speed exceeds a preset speed, the engine is in an overspeed condition, and the control system controls the valve 304 to be turned on, so that the oil in the oil chamber 303 flows out, thereby achieving pressure relief in the oil chamber 303. After the pressure relief, the push rod body 302 falls back under the action of gravity.

[0069] In addition, the present application also discloses a valve mechanism, including a push rod, wherein the push rod is the push rod disclosed in the above embodiment. Therefore, the valve mechanism having the push rod also has the above technical effects, which will not be described one by one here.

[0070] In addition, the present application also discloses an engine, including a valve mechanism, wherein the valve mechanism is the valve mechanism disclosed in the above embodiment. Therefore, the engine having the valve mechanism also has all the above technical effects, which will not be repeated here one by one.

[0071] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0072] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A push rod of a valve train, characterized in that: include: A push rod housing, one end of which is used to connect with the tappet, and the push rod housing is a hollow structure; A push rod body, one end of which is located inside the push rod housing, and the other end of which is extended out of the push rod housing from the other end of the push rod housing; An oil cavity filled with oil is formed between the push rod body and the push rod housing. An oil passage is opened on the side wall of the push rod housing. One end of the oil passage is connected to the oil cavity, and the other end is connected to the oil return device.

2. The push rod of the valve train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod housing comprises: a first section, the first section being capable of extending outward from the push rod housing; The second section is assembled in the push rod housing, and the circumference of the second section can be in sealing contact with the inner wall of the push rod housing and slide along the inner wall of the push rod housing.

3. The push rod of the valve train according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the first section is smaller than the diameter of the second section, and the first section and the second section form a step structure; The top of the push rod housing is provided with an assembly hole for the first section to pass through, and the diameter of the assembly hole is smaller than the diameter of the second section.

4. The push rod of the valve train according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The oil return device is an elastic oil storage bag with variable volume, and the oil storage bag is sealed and connected to the oil passage.

5. The push rod of the valve train according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil passage is provided with a valve, and the valve is a two-way valve or a solenoid valve for controlling the on-off of the oil passage.

6. The push rod of the valve train according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The oil return device comprises: An oil return passage, wherein the oil return passage is opened on the side wall of the push rod housing, and one end of the oil return passage is connected to the oil chamber; An oil return pipeline, one end of which is in sealed communication with the oil passage, and the other end of which is in sealed communication with the other end of the oil return passage.

7. The push rod of the valve train according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil return passage is provided with an oil return valve, and the oil return valve controls a one-way valve that connects the oil return passage from the oil return pipeline to the oil chamber; The oil passage is provided with a valve, and the valve is a one-way valve for controlling the conduction of the oil chamber to the oil return pipeline.

8. A valve train of an engine, comprising a push rod, characterized in that: The push rod is a push rod as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The valve train according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: A rotation speed sensor, wherein the rotation speed sensor is used to obtain the rotation speed of the engine; A control system is connected to a valve on the oil passage of the push rod, and when the rotation speed of the engine exceeds a preset rotation speed, the control system controls the valve to open.

10. An engine, comprising a valve train, characterized in that: The valve mechanism is the valve mechanism as claimed in claim 8 or 9.

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