Universal joint ventilation structure, transmission shaft assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a universal joint ventilation structure, a transmission shaft assembly and a vehicle, the universal joint ventilation structure comprises a universal joint, a first shaft body, a shaft tube, a first protection part and a second protection part, and the cavity in the first protection part is communicated with at least one of the cavity in the second protection part and the cavity in the shaft tube through the air duct. According to the universal joint ventilation structure, the risk of grease failure caused by water entering the universal joint can be prevented, the service life of the universal joint can be prolonged, the risk that the ventilation function of the universal joint ventilation structure is lost due to the fact that the universal joint ventilation structure is blocked by silt can be avoided, oil-gas mixed gas in the universal joint can be prevented from leaking out through the ventilation hole, and the service life of the universal joint is prolonged. And therefore, the phenomenon of grease leakage is prevented, and customer worries and complaints caused by the problems of water inflow and exposure of mixed gas are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle transmission systems, and in particular to a universal joint ventilation structure. At the same time, the utility model also relates to a transmission shaft assembly using the universal joint ventilation structure, and a vehicle equipped with the transmission shaft assembly. Background Art

[0002] The drive shaft is an important component of the automobile transmission system. Its main function is to transfer the torque and motion transmitted by the transfer case to the main reducer, and then transfer the torque and motion to the wheels through the main reducer and drive shaft to drive the wheels to move.

[0003] In an existing longitudinal four-wheel drive vehicle, as in the existing structure, one end of the front drive shaft is connected to the front reducer, and the other end of the front drive shaft is connected to the transfer case. Specifically, universal joints are respectively provided on both sides of the front drive shaft, and the universal joints of the front drive shaft are generally fastened to the flange of the transfer case or the front reducer by bolts or screws.

[0004] The ventilation structure of a traditional constant velocity joint is to open a vent at the lip of the sleeve for ventilation. Because the vent is bidirectional, when the vehicle is wading, the high-temperature gas inside the constant velocity joint will cool down rapidly, forming a negative pressure. The water around the exhaust hole will be sucked into the constant velocity joint through the exhaust hole, causing the internal grease of the constant velocity joint to fail, affecting the service life of the constant velocity joint.

[0005] In addition, the oil-gas mixture generated by the high temperature in the internal cavity of the constant velocity joint can leak out through the vents on the sleeve. After cooling, a small amount of grease traces will be formed, causing oil leakage in the constant velocity joint, causing customer complaints and concerns. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the utility model aims to provide a universal joint ventilation structure to prevent the internal grease of the universal joint from failing and to prevent the oil-gas mixture in the universal joint from leaking out.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows:

[0008] A universal joint vent structure, comprising a universal joint, a first shaft connected to the universal joint, a shaft tube connected to the first shaft through a spline, a first protection portion provided between the universal joint and the first shaft, and a second protection portion provided between the first shaft and the shaft tube;

[0009] An air passage is provided in the first shaft body, and the cavity in the first protection part is connected with at least one of the cavity in the second protection part and the cavity in the shaft tube through the air passage.

[0010] Furthermore, the vent includes a first sub-channel, a main channel, and a second sub-channel that are connected in sequence, and an end of the first sub-channel away from the main channel is connected to the cavity in the first protective part.

[0011] One end of the second branch channel away from the main channel is connected to the cavity in the second protective part.

[0012] The main channel extends along the length direction of the first shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, there are a plurality of first sub-channels, and the plurality of first sub-channels are arranged around the axial center line of the first shaft body, and an angle is set between each of the first sub-channels and the main channel.

[0014] Furthermore, there are a plurality of second sub-channels, and the plurality of second sub-channels are arranged around the axial center line of the first shaft body, and an angle is set between each of the second sub-channels and the main channel.

[0015] Furthermore, a positioning hole is provided at one end of the first shaft body away from the universal joint, and the main channel extends toward the positioning hole and is communicated with the positioning hole.

[0016] Further, the first protection part includes a dust cover and a first sheath;

[0017] The first end of the dust cover is provided with a first flange, the first end of the first sheath is provided with a second flange, and the first flange and the second flange are hooked and connected together;

[0018] The second end of the dust cover is tightly clamped on the universal joint housing, and the second end of the first sleeve is tightly clamped on the first shaft through a first clamp.

[0019] Furthermore, the second protective part includes a bellows sheath, a first end of the bellows sheath is tightly clamped on the first shaft body through a second clamp, and a second end of the bellows sheath is tightly clamped on the shaft tube through a third clamp.

[0020] Furthermore, the other end of the shaft tube is connected to the second shaft body, and the second shaft body is provided with a vent hole, and the vent hole penetrates the second shaft body along the axial direction of the second shaft body.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0022] The universal joint ventilation structure described in the utility model, by arranging an air passage in the shaft body, the cavity in the first protective part is connected with the cavity in the second protective part and at least one of the cavity in the shaft tube through the air passage, so that the cavity in the first protective part can be connected with the cavity in the second protective part or the cavity in the shaft tube, which can prevent the risk of grease failure caused by water entering the interior of the universal joint, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the universal joint, and can also avoid the risk of the universal joint ventilation structure being blocked by mud and sand and losing its ventilation function, and can also prevent the oil and gas mixture inside the universal joint from leaking out through the ventilation hole, thereby preventing the phenomenon of grease leakage, and further solving the customer concerns and complaints caused by the problems of water ingress and exposure of the mixture.

[0023] In addition, by dividing the ventilation channel into a first sub-channel, a main channel and a second sub-channel, the arrangement is convenient and the gas in the cavity surrounded by the first protective part flows into the cavity of the second protective part. The main channel extends along the length direction of the first shaft body, which facilitates the rapid flow of gas and the arrangement of the first sub-channel and the second sub-channel. Providing a plurality of first sub-channels and second sub-channels is conducive to achieving a better ventilation effect, and setting an angle between the first sub-channel and the main channel and between the second sub-channel and the main channel can achieve a better ventilation effect.

[0024] In addition, a positioning hole is provided on the first shaft body to facilitate the assembly of the first shaft body and the universal joint, and the main channel and the positioning hole channel are connected, so that the inner cavity of the first protective part can also be connected with the inner cavity of the shaft tube through the positioning hole, which can better prevent the inner cavity of the first protective part from being over-pressured, and at the same time, there will be no risk of water entering the first protective part and oil and gas in the first protective part being exposed.

[0025] The first protective part includes a dust cover and a sleeve, and the dust cover and the sleeve can be made of different materials respectively. The dust cover and the sleeve are connected by hooking the first flange and the second flange, which is convenient to connect and has high connection reliability. The second protective part includes a bellows sleeve, which has a good protective effect. It is retractable and suitable for protecting the connection between the sleeve and the shaft tube, and has a good effect of preventing excessive gas pressure in the first protective part. A second shaft body is set at the other end of the shaft tube, and a vent hole is set on the second shaft body to further prevent excessive gas pressure in the first protective part.

[0026] Another object of the utility model is to provide a transmission shaft assembly, wherein the transmission shaft assembly includes the universal joint ventilation structure as described above.

[0027] At the same time, another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle, on which the transmission shaft assembly as described above is provided.

[0028] The drive shaft assembly and vehicle described in the utility model, by applying the universal joint ventilation structure as described above, have a good effect of preventing excessive gas pressure in the universal joint, can prevent water from entering the interior of the universal joint, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the universal joint, and can also prevent the oil and gas mixture in the universal joint from being exposed, which can solve customers' concerns and thus prevent customers from complaining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the universal joint ventilation structure described in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Universal joint; 2. First shaft; 3. Shaft tube; 4. Second shaft; 5. Dust cover; 6. First sheath; 7. First clamp; 8. Bellows sheath; 9. Second clamp; 10. Third clamp;

[0033] 101, universal joint housing; 1011, groove; 102, planet sleeve; 103, cage;

[0034] 201, first sub-channel; 202, main channel; 203, second sub-channel; 204, positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", and "connector" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with specific circumstances.

[0038] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] The present embodiment relates to a universal joint ventilation structure, which starts from its own structure and improves the shaft structure to achieve the ventilation and water ingress prevention functions of the universal joint 1, can better prevent the gas pressure in the universal joint 1 from being too high, is beneficial to prevent the internal grease of the universal joint 1 from failing, and is beneficial to preventing the oil-gas mixture in the universal joint 1 from being exposed.

[0041] Based on the above design concept, an exemplary structure of the universal joint ventilation structure of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, in terms of overall structure, the universal joint ventilation structure of this embodiment mainly includes a universal joint 1, a first shaft body 2, a shaft tube 3, a first protective part and a second protective part. Among them, one end of the first shaft body 2 is connected to the universal joint 1, and the other end of the first shaft body 2 is connected to the shaft tube 3. The first protective part is arranged between the universal joint 1 and the first shaft body 2, and the second protective part is arranged between the first shaft body 2 and the shaft tube 3.

[0042] In order to better understand the universal joint vent structure of this embodiment, the structure of the universal joint 1 is briefly described here. Its structure can refer to the existing structure. In this embodiment, the universal joint 1 is a constant velocity universal joint commonly used in the transmission shaft assembly. It mainly includes a universal joint housing 101, a retainer 103 and a planetary sleeve 102 arranged in the universal joint housing 101, and the connection method of these parts still refers to the structure in the prior art. It should be understood that the universal joint vent structure of this embodiment can be used in other structures with a universal joint 1 in addition to being applied to the transmission shaft assembly.

[0043] In this embodiment, one end of the first shaft body 2 is inserted into the planetary sleeve 102, and the first shaft body 2 and the planetary sleeve 102 are connected by a retaining spring. It should be understood that other connection methods are also possible for the first shaft body 2 and the planetary sleeve 102. The other end of the first shaft body 2 is inserted into the shaft tube 3, and the first shaft body 2 and the shaft tube 3 are connected by a spline, so that the first shaft body 2 and the shaft tube 3 can slide relative to each other along the axial direction of the first shaft body 2.

[0044] The main function of the first protective part is to protect the components and oil inside the universal joint 1. It can protect the grease inside the universal joint 1 from being contaminated, so that the universal joint 1 can work normally and smoothly. It can be understood that the inner cavity of the first protective part is formed by the first protective part, the universal joint 1 and the first shaft body 2, and the inner cavity of the first protective part is connected with the inner cavity of the universal joint 1.

[0045] In order to prevent the pressure in the cavity of the universal joint 1 from being too high, in this embodiment, an air passage is provided in the first shaft body 2, and the cavity in the first protective part is connected with at least one of the cavity in the second protective part and the cavity in the shaft tube 3 through the air passage. What is meant here is that the cavity in the first protective part can be connected only with the cavity in the second protective part, the cavity in the first protective part can also be connected only with the cavity in the shaft tube 3, or the cavity in the first protective part is connected with the cavity in the second protective part and the cavity in the shaft tube 3 at the same time, and the number and shape of the air passages in the three connection modes can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0046] With such a configuration, the universal joint ventilation structure of this embodiment generates heat during the operation of the constant velocity universal joint, and the air in the cavity inside the constant velocity universal joint surrounded by the first protective part expands due to the heat. The cavity inside the first protective part, the cavity inside the second protective part, and the cavity inside the shaft tube 3 are connected through the ventilation channel, which can prevent the first protective part, such as the first sheath 6 described below, from being squeezed by high-pressure gas and causing expansion and rupture. In addition, because the ventilation channel is inside the first shaft body 2, the ventilation channel can be prevented from being covered by mud and sand, thereby preventing the risk of poor ventilation in the ventilation channel.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the air duct includes a first sub-channel 201, a main channel 202 and a second sub-channel 203 which are connected in sequence, an end of the first sub-channel 201 away from the main channel 202 is connected to the cavity in the first protective portion, an end of the second sub-channel 203 away from the main channel 202 is connected to the cavity in the second protective portion, and the main channel 202 extends along the length direction of the first shaft body 2.

[0048] Here, the air passage is divided into a first sub-channel 201, a main channel 202 and a second sub-channel 203, which is convenient for arrangement and facilitates the gas in the cavity surrounded by the first protective part to flow into the cavity of the second protective part. The main channel 202 extends along the length direction of the first shaft body 2, which facilitates the rapid flow of gas and the arrangement of the first sub-channel 201 and the second sub-channel 203.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, there are multiple first sub-channels 201, and the multiple first sub-channels 201 are arranged around the axial center line of the first shaft body 2, and can be evenly or unevenly distributed. Here, setting the first sub-channels 201 to multiple is conducive to achieving a better ventilation effect. For example, in this embodiment, the number of first sub-channels 201 is two, and the two first sub-channels 201 are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the shaft body to achieve a better ventilation effect. It should be understood that the number of first sub-channels 201 can be other numbers besides two, such as three, four, five, etc.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, each first sub-channel 201 is provided with an angle with the main channel 202, which can achieve a better ventilation effect. For example, in this embodiment, the first sub-channel 201 is a straight channel, and the angle between the first sub-channel 201 and the main channel 202 is an obtuse angle. From the end connected to the inner cavity of the first protection part to the end connected to the main channel 202, each first sub-channel 201 extends away from the inner cavity of the first protection part and gradually tilts toward the center of the first shaft body 2, so as to facilitate the smooth flow of the inner cavity of the first protection part into the first sub-channel 201.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of each first sub-channel 201 is smaller than the diameter of the main channel 202 to facilitate smooth airflow in and out of the first protective portion. It should be understood that the diameter of the first sub-channel 201 can be equal to the diameter of the main channel 202, or the diameter of the first sub-channel 201 can be larger than the diameter of the main channel 202.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the diameter of the first shaft body 2 gradually increases from the position where the first shaft body 2 is inserted into the planet sleeve 102 to the direction away from the universal joint 1, so that the first shaft body 2 has a circular surface with an arc cross section, which is conducive to better ensuring the structural strength requirements and facilitating the arrangement of the first protection part. In this embodiment, the first sub-channel 201, the opening toward the inner cavity of the first protection part is located on the arc-shaped circular surface, and the axial center line of the first sub-channel 201 is close to a right angle with the tangent direction of the opening part, so as to achieve a better ventilation effect.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, there are multiple second sub-channels 203, which are arranged around the axial center line of the first shaft body 2, and can be evenly distributed or unevenly distributed. In this structure, there are multiple second sub-channels 203, which is conducive to achieving a better ventilation effect.

[0054] In this embodiment, the number of the second sub-channels 203 is two, and the two second sub-channels 203 are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the shaft body to achieve a better ventilation effect. It is worth noting that the number of the first sub-channels 201 can be other numbers besides two, such as three, four, five, etc.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, each second sub-channel 203 is provided with an angle with the main channel 202, which can achieve a better ventilation effect. For example, in this embodiment, the angle between the second sub-channel 203 and the main channel 202 is a right angle, and along the axial direction of the first shaft body 2, the second sub-channel 203 is approximately located in the middle position, that is, approximately located in the middle position of the second protective portion along the axial direction of the first shaft body 2, so as to achieve a better ventilation effect.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of each second sub-channel 203 is equal to the diameter of the main channel 202 to facilitate smooth airflow in and out of the second protective portion. It should be understood that the diameter of the second sub-channel 203 can be larger than the diameter of the main channel 202, or the diameter of the second sub-channel 203 can be smaller than the diameter of the main channel 202.

[0057] In order to further improve the ventilation effect, a groove 1011 is provided on the surface of the first shaft body 2, and preferably, the groove 1011 is larger in the axial direction of the first shaft body 2 and is arranged around the entire circumference of the first shaft body 2, so as to better increase the volume of the inner cavity between the second protective part and the second shaft body 4 while ensuring the structural strength.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, a positioning hole 204 is provided at one end of the first shaft 2 away from the universal joint 1 , the main channel 202 extends toward the positioning hole 204 and is connected to the positioning hole 204 , and the shape of the positioning hole 204 may refer to the existing structure.

[0059] In the above structure, a positioning hole 204 is set on the first shaft body 2 to facilitate the assembly of the first shaft body 2 and the universal joint 1, and the main channel 202 and the positioning hole 204 are connected, so that the inner cavity of the first protective part can also be connected with the inner cavity of the shaft tube 3 through the positioning hole 204, which can better prevent the inner cavity of the first protective part from being over-pressured, and at the same time, there will be no risk of water entering the first protective part and oil and gas in the first protective part being exposed.

[0060] In addition, in the above structure, the example in which the main channel 202 is connected to the inner cavity of the shaft tube 3 through the positioning hole 204 is used for explanation. In addition to this, of course, the main channel 202 can also be directly connected to the inner cavity of the shaft tube 3. In this case, the main channel 202 can be not located on the center line of the first shaft body 2, or the ventilation sleeve can be set to a curved shape.

[0061] However, since a positioning hole 204 is generally provided on the end of the first shaft 2 away from the universal joint 1 in the existing structure, the main channel 202 is directly connected to the positioning hole 204, which is convenient for processing, and the main channel 202 is located on the center line of the first shaft 2, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth rotation of the first shaft 2.

[0062] It should be noted that the above vent structure is only an exemplary structure with good ventilation effect. In addition, the vent can be set only between the inner cavity of the first protection part and the inner cavity of the second protection part, or only between the inner cavity of the first protection part and the inner cavity of the shaft tube 3. The shape and number of the vent can also be adjusted as needed, for example, the main channel 202 can also be set to a plurality of first sub-channels 201 or second sub-channels 203 corresponding to each other.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, still refer to Figure 1 As shown, the first protective part includes a dust cover 5 and a first sleeve 6. The first end of the dust cover 5 is provided with a first flange, and the folding angle of the first flange is 180°. The first end of the first sleeve 6 is provided with a second flange, and the folding angle of the second flange is 180°, so that the first sleeve 6 has a groove body with a "U"-shaped cross-section. The first flange and the second flange are hooked and connected together. The second end of the dust cover 5 is tightly clamped on the universal joint housing 101, and the second end of the first sleeve 6 is tightly clamped on the first shaft body 2 through the first clamp 7.

[0064] In the above structure, the first flange and the second flange are hooked and connected, and the cross-section of the groove body is "U"-shaped. After dust, dirt, etc. enter the groove body, these debris can be thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, thereby effectively preventing debris from entering the universal joint housing 101.

[0065] It should be noted that, preferably, a groove 1011 is provided on the outer surface of the universal joint housing 101, and the groove 1011 is arranged circumferentially around the universal joint housing 101. After the second end of the dust cover 5 is tightly clamped on the universal joint housing 101, it is partially embedded in the groove 101 to improve the connection reliability between the dust cover 5 and the universal joint housing 101.

[0066] It is worth mentioning here that, in addition to the dust cover 5 and the first sleeve 6, the first protective part can of course also adopt a single component, for example, a sleeve made of rubber material only. When configured in this way, one end of the sleeve is tightly clamped on the universal joint housing 101 by a clamp, and the other end of the sleeve is tightly clamped on the second shaft 4 by a clamp.

[0067] In the above structure, the first protective part includes a dust cover 5 and a first sheath 6. The dust cover 5 and the first sheath 6 can be made of different materials respectively. For example, the dust cover 5 can be made of metal material, and the first sheath 6 can be made of rubber material. The dust cover 5 and the first sheath 6 are connected by hooking the first flange and the second flange, which is convenient to connect and has high connection reliability.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 1As shown, the second protection part includes a bellows sheath 8, the first end of the bellows sheath 8 is clamped on the first shaft body 2 through a second clamp 9, and the second end of the bellows sheath 8 is clamped on the shaft tube 3 through a third clamp 10. Here, the second protection part includes the bellows sheath 8, which has a better protection effect. The bellows sheath 8 is retractable and suitable for protecting the connection part of the first shaft body 2 and the shaft tube 3, and has a better effect of preventing the gas pressure in the first protection part from being too high.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment, the other end of the shaft tube 3 is connected to the second shaft body 4, and the second shaft body 4 is provided with a vent hole, which penetrates the second shaft body 4 along the axial direction of the second shaft body 4. As in this embodiment, the second shaft body 4 can be, for example, the output shaft of the transmission. In addition, the second shaft body 4 can also be the shaft body of other vehicle parts except the reducer.

[0070] In this embodiment, a second shaft body 4 is arranged at the other end of the shaft tube 3, and a vent hole penetrating the second shaft body 4 is arranged, which can further prevent the gas pressure in the first protective part from being too high.

[0071] With the universal joint ventilation structure of this embodiment, the oil-gas mixture at the universal joint 1 and the first branch channel 201 can flow back to the area surrounded by the universal joint housing 101, the dust cover 5 and the first protective part as the first shaft body 2 rotates, and a small amount of the oil-gas mixture will enter the second protective part and the shaft tube 3 without overflowing.

[0072] In addition, the universal joint ventilation structure as above cleverly utilizes the sliding spline space at the connection between the first shaft body 2 and the shaft tube 3 to solve the complaints caused by water ingress and grease leakage in the ventilation duct, and can prevent the risk of grease failure caused by water entering the interior of the universal joint 1, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the universal joint. It can also avoid the risk of the universal joint ventilation structure being blocked by mud and sand and losing its ventilation function, and can also prevent the oil and gas mixture inside the universal joint 1 from leaking through the ventilation hole, thereby preventing grease leakage, and thus solving customer concerns and complaints caused by water ingress and exposure of the mixture.

[0073] Embodiment 2

[0074] The present embodiment relates to a transmission shaft assembly, which includes the universal joint vent structure as in the first embodiment. When the transmission shaft assembly uses the universal joint vent structure as in the first embodiment, the second shaft body 4 can be, for example, a transmission shaft of a vehicle, and the universal joint 1 can be, for example, an existing mobile universal joint. At the same time, the present embodiment also relates to a vehicle, which is provided with the transmission shaft assembly as above.

[0075] The drive shaft assembly and vehicle of this embodiment, by applying the universal joint ventilation structure as in the first embodiment, have a better effect of preventing excessive gas pressure in the universal joint 1, can prevent water from entering the interior of the universal joint, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the universal joint, and can also prevent the oil and gas mixture in the universal joint 1 from being exposed, which can solve customers' concerns and prevent customers from complaining.

[0076] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal joint ventilation structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a universal joint (1), a first shaft body (2) connected to the universal joint (1), a shaft tube (3) connected to the first shaft body (2) via a spline, a first protection part arranged between the universal joint (1) and the first shaft body (2), and a second protection part arranged between the first shaft body (2) and the shaft tube (3); An air passage is provided in the first shaft body (2), and the cavity in the first protection part is connected to at least one of the cavity in the second protection part and the cavity in the shaft tube (3) through the air passage.

2. The universal joint vent structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation channel comprises a first sub-channel (201), a main channel (202) and a second sub-channel (203) which are connected in sequence, and an end of the first sub-channel (201) away from the main channel (202) is connected to the cavity in the first protective part. An end of the second branch channel (203) away from the main channel (202) is communicated with the cavity in the second protective part. The main channel (202) extends along the length direction of the first shaft body (2).

3. The universal joint vent structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are a plurality of first sub-channels (201), and the plurality of first sub-channels (201) are arranged around the axial center line of the first shaft (2), and an angle is provided between each of the first sub-channels (201) and the main channel (202).

4. The universal joint vent structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are a plurality of second sub-channels (203), and the plurality of second sub-channels (203) are arranged around the axial center line of the first shaft (2), and an angle is provided between each of the second sub-channels (203) and the main channel (202).

5. The universal joint vent structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A positioning hole (204) is provided at one end of the first shaft (2) away from the universal joint (1), and the main channel (202) extends toward the positioning hole (204) and is in communication with the positioning hole (204).

6. The universal joint vent structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protection part comprises a dust cover (5) and a first protective sleeve (6); The first end of the dust cover (5) is provided with a first flange, the first end of the first sheath (6) is provided with a second flange, and the first flange and the second flange are hooked and connected together; The second end of the dust cover (5) is tightly clamped on the universal joint housing (101) of the universal joint (1), and the second end of the first sleeve (6) is tightly clamped on the first shaft (2) through a first clamp (7).

7. The universal joint vent structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second protective part comprises a bellows sheath (8), the first end of the bellows sheath (8) is tightly clamped on the first shaft body (2) through a second clamp (9), and the second end of the bellows sheath (8) is tightly clamped on the shaft tube (3) through a third clamp (10).

8. The universal joint vent structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The other end of the shaft tube (3) is connected to the second shaft body (4), and the second shaft body (4) is provided with a vent hole, which penetrates the second shaft body (4) along the axial direction of the second shaft body (4).

9. A transmission shaft assembly, characterized in that: The transmission shaft assembly includes the universal joint vent structure according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is provided with the transmission shaft assembly as claimed in claim 9.

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