Fire overflow prevention flow guide device of electric energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides an anti-spilling flow guide device of electric energy storage equipment. The anti-spilling flow guide device comprises a shell and a flow guide device, wherein an inner cavity is formed in the shell for accommodating the secondary battery, and the shell is provided with an exhaust port for communicating the inner cavity with the outside of the shell; the fluid director is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, at least one part of the fluid director and the shell are arranged in a spaced mode, a fluid director channel extending towards the exhaust port is formed between the fluid director and the inner side wall of the shell, and the fluid director is provided with at least one fluid director blade arranged on one side corresponding to the positive electrode of the secondary battery; the guide vane is provided with an oblique angle for guiding flame or high-temperature gas generated by the secondary battery into the guide channel, so that the flame or the high-temperature gas is guided to the exhaust port and then discharged out of the shell; according to the invention, flames and high-temperature gas generated by thermal runaway of the secondary battery can be guided to the exhaust port, so that further damage caused by open fire is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a fire prevention device for a secondary battery, and in particular to a fire prevention and diversion device for an electric energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] Secondary cells are also called rechargeable batteries. One of the typical secondary batteries is lithium-ion batteries. They have been widely used in various electronic products and electric vehicles because of their advantages such as fast charging, high energy density, small size and mature technology. In order to provide and store more electric energy, multiple secondary battery cells are further connected in parallel or series to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules and their related battery management systems (BMS) and cooling equipment are combined into a battery pack. For example, a Tesla electric car has about 10,000 battery cells. In addition to the well-known electric vehicles, secondary batteries are also widely used in battery energy storage systems (BESS) configured in server cabinets and electric locomotives.

[0003] However, due to the active chemical activity of "lithium", there are also considerable risks. Lithium-ion battery fire news is often heard. In particular, the recent fires in electric vehicles and the difficulty of extinguishing them have made people pay more attention to the safety of lithium-ion batteries. It is known that thermal runaway is one of the main factors causing lithium-ion battery fires. The thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries is caused by the fact that the heat generation rate of the internal short circuit of the battery is much higher than the heat dissipation rate, and a large amount of heat accumulates and is not dissipated in time. And when the temperature increases, the changes caused by the increase in temperature further increase the temperature, resulting in a vicious thermal cycle and spread. The thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries will trigger a series of irreversible chain reactions, and the internal temperature will rise rapidly within a few milliseconds. The energy stored in the lithium-ion battery is suddenly released, so that the internal temperature of about 500℃ to 1000℃ is generated and accompanied by flames. At the same time, some materials of the lithium-ion battery form combustible high-temperature gas due to the high temperature, which erupts and overflows due to pressure relief. Due to the overflow of open flames and high temperatures, fires that are almost impossible to extinguish in conventional ways are caused.

[0004] In the disclosed invention patent of Taiwan, China, patent certificate number I807750, a fire-proof electronic device is proposed, which includes a housing, an electronic component and a thermal expansion structure. The housing is provided with a pair of vents. The electronic component is accommodated in the housing, at least a part of the electronic component is spaced apart from the housing, and a flow channel is formed between the electronic component and the inner wall of the housing, and the flow channel is connected to the vent. The thermal expansion structure covers the inner surface of the housing or the outer surface of the electronic component. When the thermal expansion structure is heated to a temperature greater than a predetermined temperature, it can expand and block the flow channel.

[0005] Although the aforementioned patented technology can block the flow channel and thus hinder the air convection inside the shell to reduce the external combustion-supporting gas from entering the shell and avoid the generation of flames inside the shell through the expansion property of the thermal expansion structure after being heated; however, the thermal runaway of the battery may start from a local area. Isolating the thermal runaway area from the area where thermal runaway has not occurred, or quickly guiding the flame or high-temperature gas to discharge, can more quickly and effectively reduce the damage caused by thermal runaway. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an anti-overflow fire diversion device for an electric energy storage device, which can quickly discharge the flame and high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of the secondary battery to avoid further damage caused by the flame or open flame.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes an anti-overflow fire diversion device for electric energy storage equipment, which is used to accommodate secondary batteries therein, and is suitable for battery energy storage cabinets for servers, energy cabinets for power systems, and explosion-proof cabinets for secondary batteries.

[0008] A preferred embodiment of the anti-overflow diversion device of the electric energy storage device of the present application comprises:

[0009] a housing, wherein an inner cavity is formed inside the housing, the secondary battery is disposed in the inner cavity, and the housing has an exhaust port communicating the inner cavity with the outside of the housing; and

[0010] A deflector is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, at least a part of the deflector is arranged at a distance from the shell to form a deflection channel extending toward the exhaust port between the deflector and the inner wall of the shell, the deflector has at least one guide blade arranged on the side corresponding to the positive electrode of the secondary battery, the guide blade has an oblique angle for guiding the flame or high-temperature gas generated by the secondary battery into the deflection channel, and then guiding the flame or high-temperature gas to the exhaust port and then out of the shell.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the guide device has a plurality of guide blades, and the plurality of guide blades are arranged in an array on a frame, and the frame is configured and fixed in the inner cavity of the shell.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional surfaces of the plurality of guide blades are V-shaped or arc-shaped.

[0013] A preferred embodiment of the anti-overflow diversion device of the electric energy storage device of the present application includes a plurality of the aforementioned diverters, and the plurality of diverters are arranged between any two adjacent secondary batteries.

[0014] A preferred embodiment of the anti-overflow fire diversion device of the electric energy storage device of the present application includes a plurality of partition plates, and the plurality of partition plates are respectively arranged between any two adjacent secondary batteries.

[0015] The functions and effects of the present application include: being able to quickly guide the flame and high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of the secondary battery to the exhaust port, thereby preventing further damage caused by the flame or open flame.

[0016] The details of other effects and embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a first embodiment of a shell of an anti-overflow fire diversion device for an electric energy storage device of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An exploded view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial structural exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure at position AA;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of another embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 is an action schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the shell of the anti-overflow fire diversion device of the electric energy storage device of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 An exploded view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure at position BB;

[0027] Fig.10 The top view of the shell is shown. Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the operation of the embodiment;

[0028] Fig.11 , Fig.12 A schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional shape of another embodiment of a guide vane is shown;

[0029] Fig.13 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a use example of the second embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.14 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another use example of the second embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Explanation of symbols

[0032] 10: Shell 11: Exhaust port

[0033] 20: Anti-overflow unit 21: First flame retardant partition

[0034] 211: First air flow hole 22: Second flame retardant partition

[0035] 221: Second air flow hole 23: Third flame retardant baffle

[0036] 231: third air flow hole 24, 25: flow dividing baffle

[0037] 30: Filter 40: Exhaust fan

[0038] 41: Energy storage controller 50: Flow guide

[0039] 51: guide vane 52: frame

[0040] 60: Compartment B: Secondary battery

[0041] C: Inner cavity D1: First flow direction

[0042] D2: Second flow direction M: Flame retardant expansion material

[0043] P: Flame retardant flow channel S: Plate

[0044] V: Flame retardant space W: Diversion channel DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The positional relationships described in the following embodiments include: up, down, left and right. Unless otherwise specified, they are all based on the directions in which the components are drawn in the drawings.

[0046] First see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , is a structural diagram of the first embodiment of the anti-overflow diversion device for the electric energy storage device of the present application and its structural exploded diagram. The anti-overflow diversion device for the electric energy storage device of the present application is used to accommodate secondary batteries B, and is suitable for battery energy storage cabinets as servers, energy cabinets of power systems, and explosion-proof cabinets for secondary batteries. The structure of the first embodiment of the present application includes: a housing 10 and a diverter 50 (see Figure 3 The shell 10 has an inner cavity C formed inside, and the secondary battery B is arranged in the inner cavity C. The shell 10 has an exhaust port 11, and the number of the exhaust port 11 is at least one. In other embodiments, the number of the exhaust ports 11 is multiple, and they can be arranged in an array. The exhaust port 11 connects the inner cavity C and the outside of the shell 10. The shell 10 is basically a rectangular shell, and its shape can be determined according to the application and use. The material of the shell 10 is made of heat-resistant and fire-proof material, preferably made of metal plate. One embodiment of the shell 10 is composed of a plurality of metal plates.

[0047] The deflector 50 is disposed in the inner cavity C of the housing 10. At least a portion of the deflector 50 is spaced apart from the housing 10 to form a deflector channel W extending toward the exhaust port 11 between the deflector 50 and the inner side wall of the housing 10 (see FIG. Figure 4 ), the guide 50 has at least one guide blade 51 disposed at the positive electrode corresponding to the secondary battery B (see Figure 4 The guide blade 51 has an oblique angle to guide the flame or high-temperature gas generated by the secondary battery B into the guide channel W, and then guide the flame or high-temperature gas to the exhaust port 11 and then out of the housing 10.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the guide vane 50 has a plurality of guide blades 51 . The plurality of guide blades 51 are arranged in an array on a frame 52 . The frame 52 is disposed and fixed in the inner cavity C of the housing 10 .

[0049] See also Fig.11 , Fig.12 As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the cross-sectional surface of the guide vane 51 includes a V-shape and an arc shape.

[0050] In practice, the battery energy storage cabinet of the server, the energy cabinet of the power system and the explosion-proof cabinet of the secondary battery, the secondary batteries B used therein may be arranged in different directions, for example: upright and side by side, horizontal and side by side, positive and negative poles staggered or positive and negative poles opposite to each other; as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the guide blade 51 of the guide 50 corresponds to the positive pole of the secondary battery B, depending on the number of the secondary batteries B and the direction of their arrangement, further comprising a plurality of guides 50, the plurality of guides 50 being arranged between any two adjacent secondary batteries B (see Figure 5 , Fig.14 ); As another preferred embodiment of the present application, further, comprising a plurality of partition plates 60, the plurality of partition plates 60 are respectively disposed between any two adjacent secondary batteries B (see Fig.13 ), preferably, flame retardant expansion material M is also disposed on both side surfaces of the plurality of partition plates 60 to form a plurality of compartments in the inner cavity C for placing the secondary batteries B respectively, thereby providing isolation and fire prevention functions.

[0051] As an embodiment of the present application, a fire prevention unit 20 is further configured in the inner cavity C of the housing 10. The function of the fire prevention unit 20 includes guiding the flame and high-temperature gas generated by the secondary battery due to thermal runaway to the exhaust port 11, consuming the heat of the flame and high-temperature gas, and preventing further damage caused by the flame or open flame. Figure 4 As shown, the fire prevention unit 20 is disposed in the inner cavity C between the exhaust port 11 and the secondary battery B (see Figure 4 ), the fire prevention unit 20 has a zigzag flame retardant flow channel P (see Figure 4 The two ends of the flame retardant flow channel P are respectively connected to the exhaust port 11 and the guide channel W. The flame or high-temperature gas generated by the secondary battery B is guided into the flame retardant flow channel P of the anti-overflow unit 20 through the guide channel W, and then discharged from the exhaust port 11 to the outer casing 10.

[0052] The flame retardant flow channel P is composed of at least one flame retardant partition, which includes a plate S and a flame retardant expansion material M attached to at least one side surface of the plate S; see Figure 6 The flame retardant expansion material M can begin to expand and close the flame retardant flow channel P when the temperature reaches above the default temperature. The tortuous flame retardant flow channel P and the flame retardant expansion material M can prolong and consume the heat of the flame and high-temperature gas.

[0053] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3, which is a first preferred embodiment structure of the anti-overflow unit 20, wherein the flame-retardant baffles constituting the flame-retardant flow channel P include: a first flame-retardant baffle 21 and a second flame-retardant baffle 22, the first flame-retardant baffle 21 and the second flame-retardant baffle 22 are between the secondary battery B and the exhaust port 11, and the first flame-retardant baffle 21 and the second flame-retardant baffle 22 are arranged in sequence from the secondary battery B to the exhaust port 11, and the second flame-retardant baffle 22 is arranged between the first flame-retardant baffle 21 and the exhaust port 11 to form a zigzag flame-retardant flow channel P between the first flame-retardant baffle 21 and the exhaust port 11.

[0054] The first flame retardant baffle 21 has a first air flow hole 211 for flame or high temperature gas to pass through and enter the flame retardant flow channel P, and the second flame retardant baffle 22 has a second air flow hole 221 for flame or high temperature gas generated by the secondary battery to pass through and go to the exhaust port 11, wherein the second air flow hole 221 deviates from the projection position of the first air flow hole 211, thereby, after the flame or high temperature gas passes through the first air flow hole 211, it is guided by the second flame retardant baffle 22 to make a first turn and enter the flame retardant flow channel P, and then passes through the second air flow hole 221 after the second turn to go to the exhaust port 11 (see Figure 4 In a preferred embodiment, a flame retardant expansion material M is disposed on the side of the first flame retardant partition 21 facing the secondary battery B. Preferably, the flame retardant expansion material M is disposed in an area avoiding the first air flow hole 211 (see Figure 4 , Figure 5 The second flame retardant baffle 22 is provided with a flame retardant expansion material M on one side facing the first flame retardant baffle 21. Preferably, the flame retardant expansion material M is arranged in an area avoiding the second air flow hole 221 (see Figure 4 , Figure 5 ).

[0055] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the exhaust port 11 is arranged on the front wall of the outer shell 10, the secondary battery B is placed in the inner cavity C and close to the back wall of the outer shell 10, the anti-overflow unit 20 is arranged in the inner cavity C between the exhaust port 11 and the secondary battery B, the positive pole of the secondary battery B faces the top of the inner cavity C, the first air flow hole 211 is close to the top of the inner cavity C, and the second air flow hole 221 is relatively close to the bottom of the inner cavity C, thereby forming a tortuous flame-retardant flow channel P between the first flame-retardant partition 21 and the exhaust port 11.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the deflector 50 is arranged at the top of the inner cavity C, and at least a portion of the deflector 50 is spaced apart from the outer shell 10 to form a deflection channel W extending toward the exhaust port 11 between the deflector 50 and the inner side wall of the outer shell 10. The flame and high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of the secondary battery B will be introduced into the deflection channel W by the guide blade 51, and then the flame or high-temperature gas will be guided to the flame retardant flow channel P of the anti-overflow unit 20 and then discharged from the outer shell 10 through the exhaust port 11. In other embodiments, the flame or high-temperature gas can also be directly guided to the exhaust port 11 through the deflection channel W formed by the deflector 50 and then discharged from the outer shell 10.

[0057] As an embodiment of the present application, a filter screen 30 (see Figure 3 ), the filter 30 is arranged in the inner cavity C between the exhaust port 11 and the anti-overflow unit 20 (see Figure 4 ) is used to block the fly ash and powder produced by the flame retardant expansion material M after the endothermic expansion. The filter screen 30 is made of a metal mesh or a heat-resistant material, and preferably the mesh size of the filter screen 30 is between 3 and 5 meshes.

[0058] See also Figures 7 to 9 , depicting a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the anti-overflow unit 20 and its exploded structural diagram. The flame-retardant baffles constituting the flame-retardant flow channel P include: a third flame-retardant baffle 23, at least two flow-dividing baffles 24, 25, wherein the surfaces of the third flame-retardant baffle 23 and the two flow-dividing baffles 24, 25 are provided with a flame-retardant expansion material M; the third flame-retardant baffle 23 is located between the exhaust port 11 and the secondary battery B, and is used to form a flame-retardant space V between the exhaust port 11 and the third flame-retardant baffle 23 (see Fig.10 ), the third flame retardant baffle 23 has a third air flow hole 231 for connecting the inner cavity C and the flame retardant space V. The two flow dividing baffles 24 and 25 are arranged in the flame retardant space V to form a plurality of flame retardant flow paths P parallel to each other in the flame retardant space V. The flame or high temperature gas entering the flame retardant space V through the third air flow hole 231 can be discharged from the housing 10 through the plurality of flame retardant flow paths P through the exhaust port 11.

[0059] See also Fig. 9 In a preferred embodiment, viewed from the front of the housing 10, the anti-overflow unit 20 is arranged in the inner cavity C near the left side of the housing 10, the secondary battery B is arranged in the inner cavity C near the right side of the housing 10, the exhaust port 11 is arranged at a portion of the left side of the front side wall of the housing 10 and is connected to the flame retardant space V of the anti-overflow unit 20, the positive electrode of the secondary battery B faces the top of the inner cavity C, and the third air flow hole 231 is close to the back side of the inner cavity C (see Fig.10 ).

[0060] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the deflector 50 is arranged at the top of the inner cavity C, and the two ends of the multiple flame retardant flow channels P in the flame retardant space V are respectively connected to the exhaust port 11 and the guide channel W. The flame and high-temperature gas generated by the secondary battery B due to thermal runaway are first introduced into the guide channel W by the guide blade 51, and then enter the flame retardant flow channel P of the anti-overflow unit 20 and then discharged from the housing 10 through the exhaust port 11; please refer to Fig.10 , wherein the flame or high-temperature gas enters the flame-retardant space V through the third air flow hole 231 along the first flow direction D1, and the flame or high-temperature gas in the flame-retardant space V is discharged from the housing 10 through the exhaust port 11 along the second flow direction D2, wherein the first flow direction D1 and the second flow direction D2 intersect, thereby, the flame or high-temperature gas generated by the secondary battery B will make a turn after passing through the third air flow hole 231 and then be discharged from the housing 10 from the exhaust port 11.

[0061] See also Fig.13 , Fig.14 According to the purpose of the present application, such as a battery energy storage cabinet for a server, an energy cabinet for a power system, or an explosion-proof cabinet for secondary batteries, a plurality of flame-retardant flow channels P formed in the flame-retardant space V can be respectively configured with, for example, an exhaust fan 40 and an energy storage controller 41.

[0062] As another preferred embodiment of the present application, a flame retardant expansion material M is also disposed on the inner wall of the housing 10. Preferably, the flame retardant expansion material M is disposed on the inner wall of the housing 10 and surrounds the exhaust port 11 (see Figure 4 , Figure 6 ).

[0063] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the present application, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the technology of the present application in any form. Any technical personnel in this field may make slight changes or modifications to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present application, but they should still be regarded as technologies or embodiments that are essentially the same as the present application.

Claims

1. A fire prevention and diversion device for electric energy storage equipment, used to accommodate secondary batteries in Among them, it is characterized in that The structure of the anti-overflow diversion device of the electric energy storage device includes: A shell, an inner cavity is formed inside the shell, the secondary battery is arranged in the inner cavity, and the shell has an exhaust port connecting the inner cavity and the outside of the shell; as well as A deflector is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, at least a part of the deflector is arranged at a distance from the shell to form a deflection channel extending toward the exhaust port between the deflector and the inner wall of the shell, the deflector has at least one guide blade arranged on the side corresponding to the positive electrode of the secondary battery, and the guide blade has an oblique angle for guiding the flame or high-temperature gas generated by the secondary battery into the guide channel, thereby guiding the flame or high-temperature gas to the exhaust port and then out of the shell.

2. The anti-overflow diversion device for electric energy storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide device has a plurality of guide blades, which are arranged in an array on a frame, and the frame is configured and fixed in the inner cavity of the shell.

3. The anti-overflow diversion device for electric energy storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional surfaces of the plurality of guide blades are V-shaped or arc-shaped.

4. The anti-overflow diversion device for electric energy storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention further comprises a plurality of the flow guides, wherein the plurality of flow guides are arranged between any two adjacent secondary batteries.

5. The anti-overflow diversion device for electric energy storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a plurality of partition plates, which are respectively disposed between any two adjacent secondary batteries.

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