Stator winding, motor and compressor

Abstract

According to the stator winding, the motor and the compressor provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the plurality of tooth parts and the plurality of coils are circumferentially arranged on the iron core, and the different types of coils are sequentially and alternately wound on the corresponding tooth parts, so that the motor can ensure the energy efficiency, and the cost of the compressor is reduced at the same time; and different types of coils are mixed and alternately wound, so that the heating of the motor is uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to a stator winding, a motor and a compressor. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread application of refrigeration equipment, the requirements for compressors are getting higher and higher, especially the requirements for compressor motors. The enameled wire used in traditional compressor motors is copper wire, and the cost of copper wire accounts for a relatively high proportion of the unit material cost of the motor. With the sharp rise in copper prices, the cost of motor materials has also increased significantly.

[0003] Based on the fluctuation of the price of copper wire raw materials, technicians use copper-aluminum mixed coils as the material of the motor, such as CN202260672U patent and CN210578004U patent. Among them, CN202260672U patent is to mix copper and aluminum coils in the main and auxiliary phases of the fixed frequency motor, and CN210578004U patent is to wind copper enameled wire in the auxiliary winding slot and aluminum enameled wire in the main winding slot, which is a two-phase mixed winding. Due to the different resistances of the two coils, this mixed winding method cannot make the motor heat evenly. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a stator winding, a motor and a compressor, aiming to solve the problem that the hybrid coil winding method of the existing compressor motor easily causes uneven heating of the motor.

[0005] An embodiment of the utility model provides a stator winding, comprising an iron core, a plurality of teeth arranged on the iron core along a circumferential direction, and a plurality of coils, wherein the coils comprise at least two types, and the plurality of coils are wound alternately on the corresponding teeth in sequence according to the types.

[0006] Specifically, the coil includes at least two types of wires: aluminum wire and copper wire.

[0007] Specifically, the wire diameter of the aluminum wire is φ1, and the wire diameter of the copper wire is φ2, satisfying: 1.2<φ1 / φ2≤1.6.

[0008] Specifically, the total cross-sectional area formed by the aluminum wire being wound around the plurality of teeth is S1, and the total cross-sectional area formed by the copper wire being wound around the plurality of teeth is S2, satisfying: 1.1<S1 / S2<1.7.

[0009] Specifically, there is a winding groove between adjacent teeth, and a slot center line is formed between the winding groove and the center of the iron core. The distance between the slot center line and the boundary of the adjacent copper wire is L1, and the distance between the slot center line and the boundary of the adjacent aluminum wire is L2, satisfying: 1<L1 / L2≤1.5.

[0010] Specifically, the distance between the side of the winding groove away from the center of the circle and the outer edge of the iron core is C1, and the width of the tooth portion is C2, satisfying: 0.9<C2 / C1<1.2.

[0011] Specifically, a notch is provided on one side of the winding groove close to the center of the circle, and a width of the notch is in the range of 2.8-3.2 mm.

[0012] Specifically, the iron core is provided with a center hole, the diameter of the center hole is D1, and the outer diameter of the iron core is D2, which satisfies: 0.52<D1 / D2<0.58.

[0013] An embodiment of the utility model further provides a motor, comprising a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises the stator winding as described above.

[0014] An embodiment of the utility model further provides a compressor, comprising the motor as described above.

[0015] The embodiment of the utility model provides a stator winding, a motor and a compressor. The stator winding is formed by circumferentially arranging a plurality of teeth and a plurality of coils on an iron core, and different types of coils are wound alternately on the corresponding teeth in sequence, so that the motor can ensure energy efficiency while reducing the cost of the compressor. Moreover, by using different types of coils for mixed alternating winding, the motor can heat evenly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural plan view of a stator winding provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stator winding provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 An exploded diagram of a stator winding provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 Another schematic structural plan view of a stator winding provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the iron core;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the resistance comparison between conventional single copper and copper-aluminum mixture;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram comparing the material costs of conventional copper alone and copper-aluminum mixed.

[0025] Description of the symbols in the figure:

[0026] 1. Iron core; 12. Tooth; 13. Winding slot; 131. Center line of slot; 132. Slot; 14. Center hole;

[0027] 2. Coil; 21. Aluminum wire; 211. Boundary of aluminum wire; 22. Copper wire; 221. Boundary of copper wire;

[0028] 3. Insulation frame;

[0029] 4. Lead wire assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0032] It should also be understood that the terms used in this utility model specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the utility model. As used in this utility model specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0033] It should be further understood that the term “and / or” used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0034] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2An embodiment of the utility model provides a stator winding, including an iron core 1, a plurality of teeth 12 circumferentially arranged on the iron core 1, and a plurality of coils 2, wherein the coils 2 include at least two types, and the plurality of coils 2 are alternately wound on the corresponding teeth 12 in sequence according to the type.

[0035] In this embodiment, the stator winding includes an iron core 1, which is an annular iron core. A plurality of teeth 12 are circumferentially arranged on the inner side of the annular iron core. The teeth 12 are formed by stacking silicon steel sheets, and a plurality of coils 2 are wound on the plurality of teeth 12. Among them, the coil 2 is an enameled wire and includes at least two enameled wires, including at least an aluminum wire 21 and a copper wire 22. If there are two types of coils 2, namely a copper wire 22 and an aluminum wire 21, the number of teeth 12 is preferably set to an even number, and one of the teeth 12 is selected as the first tooth. Along the clockwise direction, the tooth 12 adjacent to the first tooth is used as the second tooth, the tooth 12 adjacent to the second tooth is the third tooth, and the tooth 12 adjacent to the third tooth is the fourth tooth, and so on. The copper wire 22 is wound on the first tooth to form a copper wire winding, the aluminum wire 21 is wound on the second tooth to form an aluminum wire winding, the copper wire 22 is wound on the third tooth to form a copper wire winding, and the aluminum wire 21 is wound on the fourth tooth to form an aluminum wire winding, and so on, forming an alternating structure of 121212... (here 1 represents the first type and 2 represents the second type), so that different types of coils 2 are alternately wound on the corresponding teeth 12 in sequence. In other optional embodiments, other alternating structures may also be used. For example, the copper wire 22 is wound around the first tooth portion and the second tooth portion, the aluminum wire 21 is wound around the third tooth portion and the fourth tooth portion, and then the copper wire 22 is wound around the next two adjacent teeth portions to form an alternating structure of 11221122...

[0036] If there are three types of coils 2, namely copper wire 22, aluminum wire 21 and third metal wire, one of the teeth 12 is selected as the first tooth, and the tooth 12 adjacent to the first tooth is the second tooth in the clockwise direction, and the tooth 12 adjacent to the second tooth is the third tooth, and so on, the copper wire 22 is wound on the first tooth to form a copper wire winding, the aluminum wire 21 is wound on the second tooth to form an aluminum wire winding, and the third metal wire is wound on the third tooth to form a third metal wire winding, and so on, and then different types of coils 2 are wound in sequence to form a 123123123... alternating structure (here 1 represents the first type, 2 represents the second type, and 3 represents the third type). The alternating winding of different types of coils not only reduces the copper consumption by half, while reducing costs, it also ensures that the line resistance of the motor is equal and the resistance value is slightly higher than the original copper wire resistance, and it can also increase the diversity and uniformity of the stator winding, thereby improving the performance and efficiency of the motor. The selection of coil types and the determination of the alternating order need to be optimized according to the specific motor design and application requirements. In addition, for three or more types of coils, the number of teeth is set according to the type of coils, so that the number of teeth for the alternating winding of each type of coil is the same.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in order to prevent the iron core 1 and the coil 2 from short-circuiting after the motor is powered on, an insulating skeleton 3 needs to be assembled. The insulating skeleton 3 is axially arranged at the upper and lower ends of the iron core 1. The insulating skeleton 3 is an annular skeleton, and the annular skeleton is also provided with a winding portion corresponding to the position of the tooth portion 12. In this way, winding portions are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the tooth portion 12, and the shape of the winding portion is adapted to the tooth portion 12. The tooth portion and the winding portions at both ends constitute a winding unit, and the coil 12 is wound as a whole on the winding unit to form a corresponding winding.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the iron core 1 includes three phases, namely phase A, phase B and phase C. Twelve teeth are arranged on the iron core 1, and each phase includes four teeth. Due to the alternating winding of copper and aluminum, two of the four teeth of each phase are wound with copper wires 22, and the other two are wound with aluminum wires 21. The copper wires 22 or aluminum wires 21 on each tooth are in a conducting state. Then, the coils 2 of the four teeth of phase A are connected, the coils 2 of the four teeth of phase B are connected, and the coils 2 of the four teeth of phase C are connected, thereby forming a three-phase lead. The three-phase lead is connected through the lead assembly 4, so that the stator winding is connected to the external component.

[0039] Specifically, the wire diameter of the aluminum wire 21 is φ1, and the wire diameter of the copper wire 22 is φ2, satisfying: 1.2<φ1 / φ2≤1.6.

[0040] In this embodiment, since aluminum has a lighter specific gravity, the weight of the aluminum wire 21 is lighter than that of the copper wire 22 at the same wire diameter, and the resistivity of the aluminum wire 21 is relatively large. In order to ensure that the overall resistance value is not too large, it is preferred to thicken the wire diameter of the aluminum wire 21 so that the wire diameters of the aluminum wire 21 and the copper wire 22 satisfy: 1.2<φ1 / φ2≤1.6, that is, the wire diameter of the aluminum wire 21 is between 1.2 times and 1.6 times the wire diameter of the copper wire 22.

[0041] Specifically, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the aluminum wire 21 wound around the plurality of teeth 12 is S1, and the total cross-sectional area of ​​the copper wire 22 wound around the plurality of teeth 12 is S2, satisfying: 1.1<S1 / S2<1.7.

[0042] In this embodiment, since the wire diameter of the aluminum wire 21 is larger than that of the copper wire 22, and the elongation of the copper wire 22 and the aluminum wire 21 is different, when the copper wire 22 and the aluminum wire 21 are respectively wound to the corresponding teeth, the total cross-sectional area S1 of the aluminum wire 21 is greater than the total cross-sectional area S2 of the copper wire 22, and satisfies: 1.1<S1 / S2<1.7, that is, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the aluminum wire 21 is between 1.1 times and 1.7 times the total cross-sectional area of ​​the copper wire 22. The total cross-sectional area refers to Figure 1 and Figure 4 Taking the perspective as an example, the total area of ​​the two shaded parts is the total cross-section of the copper wire 22 and the aluminum wire 21 wound on the corresponding tooth portion 12. Figure 6 As shown, the larger shaded area is the aluminum wire 21 , and the smaller shaded area is the copper wire 22 .

[0043] Specifically, Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, there is a winding groove 13 between adjacent teeth 12, and a slot center line 131 is formed between the winding groove 13 and the center of the iron core 1. The distance between the slot center line 131 and the boundary 221 of the adjacent copper wire is L1, and the distance between the slot center line 131 and the boundary 211 of the adjacent aluminum wire is L2, satisfying: 1<L1 / L2≤1.5.

[0044] In this embodiment, a plurality of teeth 12 are arranged at intervals, and a winding groove 13 is provided between adjacent teeth 12. The winding groove 13 is a fan-shaped groove. The arrangement of the winding groove 13 provides a winding space for the coil 2 so that the coil 2 can be wound on the teeth 12. Moreover, after the coil 2 is wound on the teeth 12, the winding edges on both sides of the coil 2 are located in the winding groove 13. After the two coils are wound, they do not completely occupy the winding groove 13. The winding edge is the boundary. Due to the difference in wire diameter and elongation, the boundaries of the two coils are also different, and the distance between the boundary of the corresponding coil and the center line of the notch of the winding groove 13 is also different. After actual winding, the boundary of the corresponding coil is not a straight line, but an approximate range, which is convenient to express with numbers, that is, a center line of one winding slot 13 is selected to form a slot center line 131 between the center line of the winding slot 13 and the center of the iron core 1, and the distance between the slot center line 131 and the boundary 221 of the adjacent copper wire is L1, and the distance between the slot center line 131 and the boundary 211 of the adjacent aluminum wire is L2. Because the wire diameter of the aluminum wire 21 is thicker than that of the copper wire 22 and occupies a larger area of ​​the winding slot 13, the two satisfy: 1<L1 / L2≤1.5. Therefore, it can be seen that the boundary 221 of the adjacent copper wire is far from the slot center line 131.

[0045] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the distance between the side of the winding groove 13 away from the center and the outer edge of the core 1 is C1, and the width of the tooth portion 12 is C2, which satisfies: 0.9<C2 / C1<1.2.

[0046] In this embodiment, there is a distance between the side of the winding groove 13 away from the center of the circle and the outer edge of the iron core 1. This area is also called a yoke. By setting a smaller yoke, the area of ​​the front and rear sides of the winding groove 13 can be increased. Moreover, since the winding groove 13 is located between adjacent teeth, setting a tooth 12 with a smaller width can increase the area of ​​the left and right sides of the winding groove 13. Therefore, the second way to increase the area of ​​the winding groove 13 is to limit the width of the yoke and the tooth 12 so that the relationship between the two satisfies 0.9<C2 / C1<1.2, thereby ensuring a good magnetic circuit design and minimizing iron loss to the greatest extent.

[0047] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the winding groove 13 has a notch 132 on one side close to the center of the circle, and the width of the notch 132 is in the range of 2.8-3.2 mm.

[0048] In this embodiment, the area between adjacent teeth is a winding slot 13, and the side of the winding slot 13 close to the center of the circle is not closed. The unclosed section is called a notch. If the notch is too small, it is easy to affect the coil winding. If the notch is too large, it is easy to affect the motor performance. It is preferred to set the notch width to 2.8-3.2mm. The notch is wider and can accommodate more coils, thereby reducing the resistance of the stator winding to meet the performance requirements of the motor.

[0049] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the core 1 is provided with a center hole 14, the diameter of the center hole 14 is D1, and the outer diameter of the core 1 is D2, which satisfies: 0.52<D1 / D2<0.58.

[0050] In this embodiment, a plurality of teeth 12 are arranged between the center hole 14 and the outer edge of the core 1, and the winding slot 13 is located between two adjacent teeth. In the specific implementation process, considering that the resistivity of the aluminum wire 21 is relatively large, it will increase the resistance, so it is necessary to reduce the influence of the resistance. At the same time, it is also necessary to consider the magnetic load ratio, so the area of ​​the winding slot 13 can be increased to provide more space to accommodate the coil 2, thereby reducing the overall resistance. There are two ways to increase the area of ​​the winding slot 13. The first is to limit the diameter of the center hole 14 and the outer diameter of the core 1 so that the two meet: 0.52<D1 / D2<0.58. This ratio is to ensure sufficient magnetic flux transfer and reduce the magnetic resistance of the core 1 while reducing the size of the core 1 as much as possible, thereby reducing the overall volume and weight of the motor.

[0051] An embodiment of the utility model further provides a motor, comprising a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises the stator winding as described above.

[0052] In this embodiment, the motor is a three-phase motor, the stator includes the stator winding of the above-mentioned embodiment, and the rotor is located in the central hole 14 and rotates through electromagnetic induction of multiple coils 2.

[0053] An embodiment of the utility model further provides a compressor, comprising the motor as described above.

[0054] In this embodiment, the three-phase motor is designed with copper and aluminum alternately wound, which reduces the copper usage by half and reduces the material cost. At the same time, it also ensures that the line resistance of the three-phase motor is equal and the resistance value is slightly higher than the original copper wire resistance (such as Figure 7 As shown), the compressor can ensure energy efficiency and reduce material costs, such as Figure 7-8 As shown, the cost of the compressor motor prototype is significantly reduced by 42.8%, and the resistance is increased by 8%.

[0055] The above is only a specific implementation of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A stator winding, characterized in that: It comprises an iron core, a plurality of teeth arranged on the iron core along a circumferential direction, and a plurality of coils, wherein the coils comprise at least two types, and the plurality of coils are wound alternately on the corresponding teeth in sequence according to the types; The coil comprises at least two types of aluminum wire and copper wire; The wire diameter of the aluminum wire is φ1, and the wire diameter of the copper wire is φ2, satisfying: 1.2<φ1 / φ2≤1.

6.

2. The stator winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total cross-sectional area formed by the aluminum wire being wound around the plurality of teeth is S1, and the total cross-sectional area formed by the copper wire being wound around the plurality of teeth is S2, satisfying: 1.1<S1 / S2<1.

7.

3. The stator winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a winding groove between adjacent teeth, and a groove center line is formed between the winding groove and the center of the iron core. The distance between the groove center line and the boundary of the adjacent copper wire is L1, and the distance between the groove center line and the boundary of the adjacent aluminum wire is L2, satisfying: 1<L1 / L2≤1.

5.

4. The stator winding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the side of the winding groove away from the center of the circle and the outer edge of the iron core is C1, and the width of the tooth portion is C2, which satisfies: 0.9<C2 / C1<1.

2.

5. The stator winding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The winding groove has a notch on one side close to the center of the circle, and the width of the notch is in the range of 2.8-3.2 mm.

6. The stator winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron core is provided with a center hole, the diameter of the center hole is D1, and the outer diameter of the iron core is D2, which satisfies: 0.52<D1 / D2<0.

58.

7. A motor, comprising a stator and a rotor, characterized in that: The stator comprises the stator winding according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. A compressor, characterized in that: Comprising the motor as claimed in claim 7.

Images