Movable biomass treatment equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses movable biomass treatment equipment which comprises a movable box body, an equipment room is arranged in the box body, a pyrolyzing furnace is arranged in the equipment room, the pyrolyzing furnace comprises a feeding port, an ash discharging port, an exhaust port and an air inlet, the feeding port is connected with a feeding module, the ash discharging port is connected with an ash collecting module, the exhaust port is connected with a dust remover, and the air inlet is connected with an air outlet. The dust remover is connected with the cooling device, the cooling device comprises a humic acid outlet, the humic acid outlet is connected with the humic acid storage device, and the cooling device can condense pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace to generate humic acid. The device is more suitable for pyrolysis treatment of biomass organic matters, shortens the production time of humic acid products, is high in equipment structure modularization degree, can be integrated in the container body of a container, is convenient to transport, and is convenient for timely treatment of biomass in a recovery place.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biochemical humic acid production, in particular to a movable biomass treatment device. Background Art

[0002] China is rich in agricultural and forestry biomass resources. Biomass (including lignocellulose such as straw and trees, agricultural processing by-products, agricultural and forestry waste, livestock manure, etc.), as a zero-emission green carbon resource, has the characteristics of a short regeneration cycle and a huge reserve. Based on the concept of low-carbon development and green ecology, China has increased its R & D investment in biomass resource utilization in recent years and established a number of biomass gasification demonstration projects.

[0003] China is a large agricultural country, and a large amount of straw is harvested every year. Biomass mainly composed of straw is mainly composed of plant cell walls, and its basic components are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, etc. Its elemental composition is mainly three elements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, containing a small amount of sulfur, phosphorus and mineral components. Its elemental and structural composition determines that straw is an important organic raw material and fuel.

[0004] At present, the main utilization methods of straw include mechanized crushing and returning to the field, straw fuelization, straw pellet feed processing, straw substrate application, etc. However, except for mechanized crushing and returning to the field and straw pellet feed methods, other methods have problems such as low technical maturity, large investment, and complex processes. The utilization rate of straw by mechanized crushing and returning to the field and straw feed application is relatively low, and the treatment of a large amount of surplus straw is still a difficult problem.

[0005] Therefore, there is a large amount of straw stockpiled and burned in the fields, which causes serious atmospheric environmental pollution and is also one of the reasons for the generation of haze. Although many places have issued regulations prohibiting the burning of straw in the fields, the large accumulation of straw will also affect farming. Therefore, how to efficiently turn straw into treasure and solve the comprehensive utilization problem of straw is an urgent issue.

[0006] The fuelization application of straw is also a research topic all the time, including making products such as biochar, bio-crude oil, wood vinegar liquid, biogas, etc. after heat treatment of straw. Among them, the calcination of straw is a way to prepare biochar. Biochar is obtained after calcination for a period of time under low-oxygen or anaerobic conditions. The calcination temperature is generally 260-380°C. After the hemicellulose, lignin and other components in the straw are decomposed and volatilized, a stable solid carbon-rich product (carbon content greater than 60%) is obtained. However, for calcination above this temperature range, the macromolecular substances such as cellulose in the straw will be rapidly decomposed, the volatile components will increase significantly, and the yield of biochar will be greatly reduced.

[0007] Products such as bio-crude oil, wood vinegar, and biogas are obtained through straw pyrolysis. Existing straw pyrolysis mostly draws on the treatment method of coal tar production. In large-scale equipment, straw is rapidly heated to 750 - 900 °C for pyrolysis to produce small molecule pyrolysis gas. The generated pyrolysis gas is gradually condensed to obtain components such as bio-crude oil, wood vinegar, and biogas. However, straw is different from coal. There are problems such as high ash content and high water content in the pyrolysis process. The bio-crude oil obtained by pyrolysis also contains a large amount of phenolic substances and sugars, which need to be further extracted or separated before reuse. Therefore, the existing straw pyrolysis technology also has problems such as high transportation costs, high processing costs, and low product quality, with a relatively low overall cost-effectiveness.

[0008] Humic acid is a macromolecular carbon-containing compound widely present in nature, with a carbon content of less than 60%, mostly showing weak acidity. Humic acid can be widely used in various fields such as agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, petroleum, chemical industry, building materials, medicine and health, and environmental protection. Especially now, with the promotion of ecological agriculture construction, pollution-free agricultural production, green food, and pollution-free environmental protection, humic acid is even more highly regarded.

[0009] Humic acid does not contain elemental carbon components and does not have the pore structure of the scaffold carbon of biochar. Its stability is worse than that of biochar. Therefore, it is more convenient for microorganisms to decompose through biological action to produce nutrients for crop growth, and it has a significant effect on stimulating crop growth. In agriculture, humic acid is often used as a fertilizer adjuvant in combination with chemical fertilizer products to play its role in promoting the fertilizer efficiency of chemical fertilizers and stimulating crop growth.

[0010] Currently, the main ways to produce humic acid mainly include extraction by the method of alkali dissolution and acid precipitation of weathered coal, or obtaining it by chemical and microbial fermentation of biomass. The humic acid products obtained by treating weathered coal have a higher output, but their bioavailability is lower than that of the humic acid products obtained by treating biomass; while the humic acid products obtained by treating straw have a high bioavailability, but the production cycle is long (more than 40 days) and the efficiency is low. Therefore, the existing production of humic acid is also difficult to meet the requirements of industrialized and large-scale production.

[0011] Therefore, the research and development of a heat treatment equipment for producing humic acid with high biomass treatment efficiency and low cost not only helps to broaden the way of biomass reuse, but also is expected to solve the industry problem of low cost-effectiveness of existing biomass pyrolysis. Summary of the Utility Model

[0012] The utility model provides a movable biomass treatment equipment, which has the effects of convenient transportation and high straw pyrolysis efficiency. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0013] A mobile biomass treatment device, including a movable box body. An equipment room is arranged inside the box body, and a pyrolysis furnace is arranged inside the equipment room. The pyrolysis furnace includes a feed inlet, an ash discharge port, an exhaust port and an air inlet. The feed inlet is connected to a feed module, the ash discharge port is connected to an ash collection module, the exhaust port is connected to a dust collector, the dust collector is connected to a cooling device. The cooling device includes a humic acid outlet and a gas outlet. The humic acid outlet is connected to a humic acid storage device, and the cooling device can condense the pyrolysis gas to produce humic acid.

[0014] Furthermore, a circulation fan is arranged inside the box body. The air inlet of the circulation fan is connected to the cooling device, and the air outlet of the circulation fan is connected to a pyrolysis gas pipeline. The pyrolysis gas pipeline is respectively connected to a scrubbing tower and the pyrolysis furnace. A regulating valve is arranged on the pyrolysis gas pipeline, and the proportion of the gas conveyed into the scrubbing tower and the pyrolysis furnace can be adjusted through the regulating valve.

[0015] Furthermore, the feed module includes a connected silo and a feeder. The feeder can quantitatively and uniformly convey the biomass in the silo into the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of liftable legs are arranged around the box body. Through the telescoping of the legs, the loading and unloading of the box body relative to the vehicle can be facilitated.

[0017] Furthermore, a control room is arranged inside the box body, and a heat insulation wall is arranged between the control room and the equipment room.

[0018] Furthermore, the box body includes a connected first side wall, second side wall, third side wall, fourth side wall, bottom plate and top plate; the pyrolysis furnace is arranged on one side of the equipment room far from the control room. The length direction of the pyrolysis furnace is perpendicular to the length direction of the box body. The feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace is arranged at a position close to the second side wall, and the ash discharge port is arranged at a position close to the fourth side wall. The feed module is arranged at a position close to the angle between the first side wall and the second side wall and is connected to the first side wall, and the ash collection module is arranged at a position close to the angle between the first side wall and the fourth side wall and is connected to the first side wall.

[0019] Furthermore, the cooling device includes a separator. A coolant is contained in the separator, and a separation pipeline is arranged inside the separator. The upper end of the separation pipeline is the separator gas inlet, and the lower end of the separation pipeline is the separator gas outlet. The separator gas inlet of the separator is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet of the quench tower, and the separator can separate and cool the uncondensed pyrolysis gas in the quench tower.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of drain pipes are arranged on the separation pipeline from top to bottom. The plurality of drain pipes are connected to a liquid collecting pipe, and the liquid collecting pipe is connected to a first finished product tank. A valve is arranged on each drain pipe; a second finished product tank is arranged below the separator, and the second finished product tank is connected to the bottom of the separation pipeline.

[0021] Further, the separator is connected to a quench tower, which includes a pyrolysis gas inlet of the quench tower, a pyrolysis gas outlet of the quench tower, and a quench tower liquid outlet at the bottom of the quench tower. The pyrolysis gas inlet of the quench tower is connected to the pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis gas outlet of the quench tower is connected to the separator gas inlet. The pyrolysis gas is spray-cooled and condensed in the quench tower to produce humic acid, which flows to the bottom of the quench tower under the action of gravity for storage and can be discharged through the quench tower liquid outlet; the bottom of the quench tower is connected to a first circulation pump, and the first circulation pump is connected to a spray mechanism inside the quench tower above. The first circulation pump can use the humic acid stored at the bottom of the quench tower as a cooling medium for the quench tower.

[0022] Further, a dust removal fan is provided inside the box body. The air inlet of the dust removal fan is arranged above the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, and the air outlet of the dust removal fan is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace. The dust removal fan can absorb the dust generated when the feeding module conveys biomass slag into the pyrolysis furnace and convey it into the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, and provide oxygen for the biomass pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace.

[0023] The structure of the movable biomass treatment equipment of the present invention is ingeniously designed and has a high degree of modularization. By integrating all the devices for pyrolyzing and extracting humic acid, such as the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling device, inside the box body of the container, it is convenient for transportation and can facilitate the timely treatment of biomass at the recycling site. By setting liftable legs around the box body, it also greatly facilitates the loading and unloading of the equipment and improves the convenience of equipment use.

[0024] In addition, the present invention is more suitable for the pyrolysis treatment of biomass. The pyrolysis process can be regulated by temperature, time, and oxygen consumption, and directly generate humic acid products through condensation and sedimentation, greatly shortening the production time of humic acid products, realizing industrial operation, not only broadening the uses of biomass pyrolysis, but also solving the industry problem of low cost-effectiveness of biomass pyrolysis.

[0025] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the description. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically illustrates the embodiments of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0026] By reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. And throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a top view of the movable biomass treatment equipment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is the front view of the movable biomass treatment equipment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is the left view of the movable biomass treatment equipment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 This is the cross-sectional view of the separator of the movable biomass treatment equipment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 This is the schematic diagram of the screw conveyor mechanism in the pyrolysis furnace of the movable biomass treatment equipment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 This is Process Flow Chart I of the method for pyrolytic extraction of humic acid by the movable biomass treatment equipment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 This is Process Flow Chart II of the method for pyrolytic extraction of humic acid by the movable biomass treatment equipment of the present utility model. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] In order to better understand the purpose, functions and specific design of the present utility model, the following will further describe in detail a movable biomass treatment equipment of the present utility model in conjunction with the attached drawings.

[0035] As Figure 6 shown, the movable biomass treatment equipment provided by the present utility model specifically adopts the following pyrolysis process:

[0036] S1. After being crushed and processed, the biomass is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis temperature of the biomass is 450 - 600 °C, and the pyrolysis reaction time is 1 - 3 s to generate pyrolysis gas. Oxygen is supplied by a blower during the pyrolysis process;

[0037] S2. The pyrolysis gas generated in step S1 enters the first-stage cooling module for condensation after being filtered and dust-removed, and is rapidly cooled to 90 - 130 °C at room temperature to separate out black humic acid;

[0038] S3. The uncondensed pyrolysis gas in step S2 continues to be condensed in the second-stage cooling module, and is cooled to 50 - 100 °C at room temperature to separate out brown humic acid;

[0039] S4. The uncondensed pyrolysis gas in step S3 continues to be condensed in the third-stage cooling module, and is cooled to below 60 °C at room temperature to separate out yellow humic acid.

[0040] After separating fulvic acid, the uncondensed pyrolysis gas can be separated and discharged after spray dust removal, and the remaining part is refluxed to the pyrolysis furnace in step S1; the ash after pyrolysis treatment in step S1 and the ash after filtration in step S2 can be collected and granulated to produce inorganic fertilizers.

[0041] Before biomass enters the pyrolysis furnace, it must be crushed to ensure sufficient pyrolysis. However, since biomass itself will carry some impurities such as soil and dust, and the density of biomass is relatively low, dust will be raised during the crushing process. Therefore, it is preferred to vacuum / dust the biomass residue during the crushing process, and blow the sucked dust (mainly low-particle-size biomass debris and impurities) back into the pyrolysis furnace to make full use of the low-particle-size biomass debris to promote pyrolysis, and / or wash and discharge after dust collection.

[0042] The pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis furnace is higher than the temperature for preparing biochar from common biomass and lower than the conventional coal pyrolysis temperature. When it is greater than 400 °C, the cellulose in biomass begins to gradually decompose. The range of 450 - 600 °C belongs to the stage of rapid and massive decomposition of cellulose, but below 600 °C, it can avoid the direct formation of organic hydrocarbon molecules with too small molecular weight during biomass pyrolysis.

[0043] The rapid and moderate pyrolysis time makes a large amount of macromolecular organic matter in the pyrolysis gas generated under this reaction condition in an incompletely secondary pyrolysis state. The pyrolysis gas is mixed with a large amount of benzene rings, condensed rings and heterocyclic compounds, and the active groups are mainly carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups. These compounds form aggregates through agglomeration and condensation. Cooperating with the horizontal reaction furnace, a large number of aggregates in the pyrolysis gas do not sink due to gravity and circulate for pyrolysis, and the ash content is relatively low. It should be noted that since the energy density of straw is lower than that of coal and it is more flammable, sufficient pyrolysis can be completed without higher temperature and longer reaction time. The sufficient pyrolysis of biomass is still in an incomplete combustion state.

[0044] In the primary cooling module, it is preferred to use spray cooling for cooling. The humic acid product obtained by primary condensation can be used as the spray cooling medium for the primary cooling module; similarly, the brown humic acid (or called lignohumic acid) and fulvic acid products obtained by the secondary cooling module and the tertiary cooling module can also be used as the spray cooling medium for the primary cooling module to spray and rapidly cool the pyrolysis gas, realizing the recycling of products. The specific selection method of the spray medium can select a single product or use a combination according to the required rapid cooling effect.

[0045] For the primary cooling before the formation of humic acid, the spray medium can use normal temperature water or air to cool the pyrolysis gas. When the spray medium is air, the air is directly blown in to air-cool the pyrolysis gas, which can reduce the water content in the humic acid product compared with only spraying cooling water.

[0046] When the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is spray-quenched, the pyrolysis gas at 450-600°C is initially quenched within 1-3 s. Different from the millisecond-level condensation time of coal (to prevent multi-stage cracking of coal pyrolysis gas), the quenching in the present utility model allows sufficient time for large-molecule organic substances in the pyrolysis gas to form larger aggregates through hydrogen bonding and complexation, and settle to generate humic acid. Using brown humic acid and yellow humic acid as the spray-cooling medium, on the one hand, it plays a cooling role, and on the other hand, brown humic acid and yellow humic acid also come into direct contact with the pyrolysis gas during the spraying process, resulting in decomposition after heating up and then cooling and settling to synthesize humic acid again. Therefore, the yields of yellow humic acid, black humic acid, and brown humic acid can be adjusted according to product requirements.

[0047] In the secondary cooling module and the tertiary cooling module, it is preferable to use water heat exchange for heat exchange cooling (using a coolant to cool the pyrolysis gas in the separator, and the coolant does not come into contact with the pyrolysis gas). Compared with spray cooling, the cooling temperature of heat exchange cooling is easier to control, and the water content of brown humic acid and yellow humic acid products can be reduced.

[0048] Similarly, as Figure 7 shown, heat exchange cooling can be entirely adopted in the primary, secondary, and tertiary cooling modules. This method is more conducive to obtaining pure humic acid products, but the generated products cannot be reused, the coolant consumption is larger, and the yields of each product cannot be adjusted.

[0049] The uncondensed pyrolysis gas in the primary cooling module (which can still reach 90-130°C after spray or water heat exchange) continues to undergo secondary heat exchange cooling through the secondary cooling module. At this time, organic acids and phenols with slightly smaller molecular weights in the pyrolysis gas are cooled to form brownish-yellow or brown brown humic acid.

[0050] In the tertiary cooling module, normal-temperature tap water is used as the coolant for water heat exchange. The temperature of the pyrolysis gas after secondary condensation / heat exchange is 50-100°C, and it is finally cooled to below 60°C through the tertiary cooling module to obtain yellow humic acid with the smallest molecular weight in the humic acid product.

[0051] It should be noted that the temperature ranges of primary, secondary, and tertiary cooling overlap due to the influence of biomass types. The pyrolysis temperature and condensation temperature of different biomass types will fluctuate within the range provided by the present utility model. Generally, for biomass with a higher cellulose content, the pyrolysis temperature is relatively higher, and more black humic acid and brown humic acid products are separated from this type of biomass. The temperatures of primary, secondary, and tertiary cooling are preferably close to the upper limit of the range; for biomass with a low cellulose content or a high water content, the pyrolysis temperature is relatively lower, and more yellow humic acid products are separated. The cooling is preferably close to the lower limit of the range. The multi-stage cooling process needs to satisfy that the cooling temperature of the primary stage > the secondary stage > the tertiary stage.

[0052] Biomass has a higher moisture content than coal. With the pyrolysis method of the present utility model, the water vapor generated by pyrolysis is gradually consumed during multi-stage cooling. Since fulvic acid has the best water solubility and the three-stage cooling module directly cools the pyrolysis gas to below 60°C, most of the water generated by pyrolysis will precipitate in the third-stage cooling module, and the obtained fulvic acid product is mostly in a water-soluble state; it is convenient to pump the cooled fulvic acid aqueous solution as the medium for spray cooling in the first-stage cooling module, and fulvic acid can be resynthesized into humic acid after high temperature.

[0053] After separating the fulvic acid, the uncondensed pyrolysis gas part (tail gas) contains, in addition to carbon dioxide, mostly fine inorganic dust and a small amount of small molecule combustible gases (such as methane, ethane, carbon monoxide, etc.); the tail gas can be partially refluxed into the pyrolysis furnace as needed to assist in the combustion of biomass pyrolysis; the other part is discharged after spray dust removal.

[0054] As Figures 1-5 As shown in the figure, the mobile biomass treatment equipment provided by the present utility model includes a movable box body 1. Inside the box body 1, there is a pyrolysis furnace 2. The pyrolysis furnace 2 includes a feed inlet, an ash discharge port, an exhaust port, and an air inlet. The feed inlet is connected to a feed module 3. The feed module 3 can crush biomass and quantitatively and uniformly feed it into the feed inlet; the pyrolysis furnace 2 can pyrolyze biomass to generate ash and pyrolysis gas. The ash can be discharged through the ash discharge port, and the pyrolysis gas can be discharged through the exhaust port; the ash discharge port is connected to an ash collection module 6. The ash collection module 6 can collect the ash discharged from the ash discharge port and make it into fertilizer; the exhaust port is connected to a cooling device. The cooling device can condense the pyrolysis gas to produce humic acid, and the remaining uncondensed pyrolysis gas is mainly combustible mixed gases such as methane and ethane. The cooling device includes a humic acid outlet and a gas outlet. The humic acid outlet is connected to a humic acid storage device, and the gas outlet is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The uncondensed pyrolysis gas can be refluxed into the pyrolysis furnace for combustion to assist in the combustion of biomass pyrolysis.

[0055] The box body 1 of the mobile biomass treatment equipment of the present utility model can be selected as a container. The box body 1 can be placed on a truck for transportation, so that the present utility model can be conveniently and quickly moved to the fields for biomass pyrolysis treatment. Preferably, a plurality of liftable legs 17 are provided around the box body 1. Through the telescoping of the legs 17, it is convenient to load and unload the box body 1 relative to the truck, avoiding the use of a crane for hoisting, and improving the convenience of using the present utility model. The lifting structure of the legs 17 can be realized by existing hydraulic cylinders, electric cylinders, etc., which is not limited here as long as it can realize the lifting of the legs 17.

[0056] Specifically, the box body 1 includes a first side wall 11, a second side wall 12, a third side wall 13, a fourth side wall 14, a bottom plate 15 and a top plate 16 which are connected. A control room 18 and an equipment room 19 are arranged inside the box body 1. The control room 18 can monitor the operation status of each device and control the device, and the user can also rest in the control room 18. An operation room door for personnel to enter and exit is arranged on the third side wall 13. The equipment room 19 is used to place devices for pyrolyzing and extracting humic acid such as the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the cooling device. The control room 18 and the equipment room 19 are separated by a heat insulation wall.

[0057] Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace 2 is a horizontal reaction furnace, which is different from the long-cylindrical vertical combustion furnace set in large-scale coal pyrolysis equipment. In the vertical combustion furnace, the pyrolyzed oil and gas with smaller molecular weights are more likely to rush upward, while the oil and gas particles with larger molecular weights sink and circulate for pyrolysis under the action of gravity, which can ensure sufficient coal pyrolysis. The particle size of the oil and gas molecules at the outlet of the combustion furnace is smaller, which is convenient for subsequent condensation into tar. However, the incombustible ash content in biomass such as straw, leaves, and branches is relatively high. If such a vertical combustion furnace is used, the small-molecule ash generated by pyrolysis is also more likely to be mixed in the pyrolysis gas and rush upward, increasing the difficulty of separating the ash in the pyrolysis gas. Therefore, the present utility model preferably uses a horizontal reaction furnace to avoid the remaining ash in biomass pyrolysis from flying with the pyrolysis gas.

[0058] In the pyrolysis furnace 2 of this embodiment, at least one screw conveyor mechanism 21 is arranged. A material lifting baffle 22 is arranged on the screw conveyor mechanism 21. The biomass slag is conveyed and pyrolyzed on the screw conveyor mechanism 21 in the pyrolysis furnace 2. The material lifting baffle 22 can lift the biomass slag conveyed on the screw conveyor mechanism 21 to make the biomass slag pyrolyze more fully and evenly.

[0059] The pyrolysis furnace 2 is arranged on one side of the equipment room 19 far from the control room 18. The length direction of the pyrolysis furnace 2 is perpendicular to the length direction of the box body 1. The feed inlet and the ash discharge port of the pyrolysis furnace 2 are respectively arranged at both ends of the length direction of the pyrolysis furnace 2. In this embodiment, the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2 is arranged at a position close to the second side wall 12, and the ash discharge port is arranged at a position close to the fourth side wall 14. The feed module 3 is arranged at a position close to the included angle between the first side wall 11 and the second side wall 12 and is communicated with the first side wall 11 to facilitate placing biomass into the feed module 3; the ash collection module 6 is arranged at a position close to the included angle between the first side wall 11 and the fourth side wall 14 and is communicated with the first side wall 11 to facilitate collecting the fertilizer made by the ash collection module 6.

[0060] Specifically, the feeding module 3 includes a crusher, a storage bin, and a feeder that are connected and communicate with each other. The crusher can crush biomass into biomass residues, and the biomass residues can enter the storage bin for storage. The feeder can quantitatively and uniformly convey the biomass residues in the storage bin to the feeding port of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The crusher can be a commercially available crusher as long as it can crush biomass. Of course, it can be understood that the smaller the biomass residues are, the more conducive it is to full pyrolysis. In addition, in another embodiment, the feeding module 3 only includes a storage bin and a feeder, and the pre-crushed biomass residues can be directly placed in the storage bin for storage and use. The storage bin is preferably a hopper-shaped bin with a narrower bottom and a wider top. The upper opening of the hopper-shaped bin corresponds to the discharge port of the crusher to facilitate receiving biomass residues, and the lower opening of the hopper-shaped bin is connected to the feeder. The feeder is preferably a screw conveyor to uniformly convey biomass residues into the pyrolysis furnace 2.

[0061] The cooling device includes connected primary, secondary, and tertiary cooling modules. The pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace 2 first enters the primary cooling module for condensation to produce humic acid, and then the uncondensed pyrolysis gas enters the secondary cooling module for secondary condensation to produce brown humic acid again. Finally, it is condensed by the tertiary cooling module to produce fulvic acid. In addition to carbon dioxide, the uncondensed pyrolysis gas remaining after three-stage cooling mainly contains fine inorganic dust and a small amount of small-molecule combustible gases (such as methane, ethane, carbon monoxide, etc.).

[0062] Specifically, the primary cooling module of this embodiment includes a quench tower 41. The quench tower 41 includes a quench tower pyrolysis gas inlet, a quench tower pyrolysis gas outlet, and a quench tower liquid outlet at the bottom of the quench tower 41. The quench tower pyrolysis gas inlet is connected to the pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis gas is spray-cooled in the quench tower 41 to produce humic acid. The humic acid flows to the bottom of the quench tower 41 under the action of gravity for storage and can be discharged through the quench tower liquid outlet. The bottom of the quench tower 41 is connected to a first circulation pump 45, and the first circulation pump 45 is connected to a spray mechanism inside the quench tower 41 above. The first circulation pump 45 can use the humic acid stored at the bottom of the quench tower 41 as the cooling medium of the quench tower 41.

[0063] The quench tower pyrolysis gas outlet is connected to a separator 42. The secondary cooling module and the tertiary cooling module of this embodiment are integrally arranged to form the separator 42. The separator 42 contains a coolant, and a separation pipeline 421 is arranged inside the separator 42. The upper end of the separation pipeline 421 is a separator gas inlet, and the separator gas inlet is connected to the quench tower pyrolysis gas outlet. The lower end of the separation pipeline 421 is a separator gas outlet. The separator gas inlet of the separator 42 is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet of the quench tower 41. Since the temperature of the separation pipeline 421 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the separator 42 can separate and cool the uncondensed pyrolysis gas in the quench tower 41.

[0064] Specifically, a liquid inlet is provided below the separator 42, and a liquid outlet is provided above the separator 42. The coolant can enter the separator 42 through the liquid inlet, and the high-temperature water above the separator 42 can be discharged through the liquid outlet. A liquid level gauge 422 is provided on the side wall of the separator 42, and the pyrolysis gas temperature in the separation pipe 421 can be controlled by adjusting the liquid level height of the coolant in the separator 42, so as to adjust the production capacity of brown humic acid and fulvic acid.

[0065] The separation pipe 421 can be a Pall ring or a spiral spring shape, etc., to increase the surface area of the separation pipe 421 in the separator 42 and the length of the separation pipe 421, so as to improve the contact efficiency between the pyrolysis gas and the coolant.

[0066] A plurality of drain pipes 423 are arranged on the separation pipe 421 from top to bottom. The plurality of drain pipes 423 are connected to a liquid collecting pipe 424, and the liquid collecting pipe 424 is connected to the first finished product tank 43. A valve is provided on each drain pipe 423. By opening different valves, the first finished product tank 43 can collect brown humic acid or fulvic acid. Preferably, a second finished product tank 44 is also provided below the separator 42, and the second finished product tank 44 is connected to the bottom of the separation pipe 421 to collect brown humic acid and / or fulvic acid. For example, when the first finished product tank 43 collects brown humic acid, as the uncondensed pyrolysis gas descends, fulvic acid will continue to be condensed. At this time, the second finished product tank 44 can continue to collect to avoid wasting humic acid.

[0067] It should be noted that the first circulation pump 45 is also connected to the second finished product tank 44. The brown humic acid or fulvic acid in the second finished product tank 44 can be transported to the quenching tower 41 and used as a cooling medium to spray-cool the pyrolysis gas. At the same time, the brown humic acid or fulvic acid is thermally decomposed, settled and then synthesized into black humic acid.

[0068] The pyrolysis gas outlet of the separator 42 is connected to the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the cleaning tower 8. After the pyrolysis gas is condensed and humic acid is collected in the quenching tower 41 and the separator 42, the remaining components in the pyrolysis gas are mostly non-condensable gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, carbon monoxide, etc. and some fine inorganic dust. Part of this gas can enter the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion support to maintain the pyrolysis temperature of the pyrolysis furnace 2; another part enters the cleaning tower 8 for cleaning to remove inorganic dust, and then is discharged to the external environment.

[0069] A liquid storage tank 81 is provided below the cleaning tower 8. The liquid storage tank 81 is connected to a second circulation pump 46, and the second circulation pump 46 is connected to a cleaning spray assembly. The cleaning spray assembly is arranged above the inside of the cleaning tower 8. Cooling water is provided in the liquid storage tank 81, and the cooling water can be transported by the second circulation pump 46 to the cleaning spray assembly above the inside of the cleaning tower 8 to spray-dust the pyrolysis gas in the cleaning tower 8.

[0070] It can be understood that in another embodiment, the primary, secondary, and tertiary cooling modules are integrally arranged to form a separator 42. There is no need to set up a quench tower 41. The pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace 2 directly enters the separator 42 for cooling and separation to produce black humic acid, brown humic acid, and yellow humic acid. This method is more conducive to obtaining a pure black humic acid product, but the generated products cannot be reused, the coolant consumption is larger, and the yields of various products cannot be adjusted.

[0071] Preferably, in order to improve the purity of humic acid, a dust collector 5 is arranged between the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the cooling device. The dust collector 5 can filter the pyrolysis gas to remove solid impurities in the pyrolysis gas, such as ashes, dust, etc. The dust collector 5 can select an existing cyclone dust collector on the market. The gas outlet at the upper part of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the cooling device, and the impurity outlet at the lower part of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the ash collection module 6. Preferably, in order to facilitate the ash collection module 6 to collect the ashes discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the impurities discharged from the dust collector 5, the dust collector 5 is arranged at a position close to the ash discharge port of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The ash discharge port of the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the impurity outlet of the dust collector 5 are both connected to an ash conveying device. The ash conveying device can select an existing screw conveyor or conveyor belt, etc. The ash conveying device can convey the ashes discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the impurities discharged from the dust collector 5 to the ash collection module 6 together and make them into fertilizers. The ash collection module 6 of this embodiment includes a granulator, and the granulator can make the ashes generated after the pyrolysis of biomass into granular form to form granular fertilizers.

[0072] Since most of the organic carbon components after the pyrolysis of the present utility model condense into humic acid with the pyrolysis gas, the remaining ashes are mostly inert inorganic components such as silicon, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, which are suitable for use as inorganic fertilizers.

[0073] As Figure 1 shown, a circulation fan 71 is arranged in the box body 1. The air inlet of the circulation fan 71 is connected to the gas outlet of the cooling device, and the air outlet of the circulation fan 71 is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The circulation fan 71 can suck out the gas in the pyrolysis furnace 2 and enter the cooling device for condensation. The uncondensed combustible gas is continuously sucked out and conveyed into the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion.

[0074] Preferably, the air outlet of the circulation fan 71 of this embodiment is connected to a pyrolysis gas pipeline 73. The pyrolysis gas pipeline 73 is respectively connected to a cleaning tower 8 and the pyrolysis furnace 2. An adjusting valve is arranged on the pyrolysis gas pipeline 73. By adjusting the adjusting valve, the circulation fan 71 can either convey the uncondensed pyrolysis gas into the cleaning tower 8, or convey the uncondensed pyrolysis gas into the pyrolysis furnace 2, or convey the uncondensed pyrolysis gas into both the cleaning tower 8 and the pyrolysis furnace 2 at the same time, and adjust the conveying ratio through the adjusting valve. By conveying the uncondensed combustible gas into the pyrolysis furnace 2, it can play a role in assisting the combustion of biomass pyrolysis.

[0075] It should be noted that the cleaning tower 8 includes a pyrolysis gas inlet and a purified gas outlet. The pyrolysis gas inlet is connected to the air outlet of the circulation fan 71 through a pyrolysis gas pipeline 73, and the purified gas outlet is connected to the external environment.

[0076] In the box body 1 of this embodiment, a dust removal fan 72 is further arranged. The air inlet of the dust removal fan 72 is arranged above the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2, and the air outlet of the dust removal fan 72 is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The dust removal fan 72 can absorb the dust generated when the feeding module 3 conveys biomass slag into the pyrolysis furnace 2 and convey it into the pyrolysis furnace 2 for pyrolysis, and also provides oxygen for the biomass pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace 2. Preferably, a dust removal hood 74 is arranged above the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the silo. The top of the dust removal hood 74 is connected to the air inlet of the dust removal fan 72 to reduce the diffusion of soot during feeding.

[0077] The air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2 in this embodiment includes an oxygen inlet and a tail gas inlet. The air outlet of the dust removal fan 72 is connected to the oxygen inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2, and the air outlet of the circulation fan 71 is connected to the tail gas inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2. When the pyrolysis furnace 2 is initially used, the tail gas inlet is closed first, and after the tail gas is generated, it is then introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion.

[0078] Preferably, the dust removal fan 72 is also connected to the cleaning tower 8. The dust removal fan 72 can absorb the dust generated when the feeding module 3 conveys biomass slag into the pyrolysis furnace 2 and convey it into the cleaning tower 8 for spray dust removal.

[0079] A first cleaning port 82 is arranged below the cleaning tower 8 to facilitate the cleaning of the precipitated sundries. Preferably, the cleaning tower 8 in this embodiment is arranged side by side with the quenching tower 41. A second cleaning port 411 is arranged below the quenching tower 41 to facilitate the cleaning of the precipitated sundries. The first cleaning port 82 and the second cleaning port 411 are arranged close to the third side wall 13, and a cleaning door is arranged on the third side wall 13 to facilitate the cleaning of the sundries generated by the cleaning tower 8 and the quenching tower 41.

[0080] The structure of the movable biomass treatment equipment of the present utility model is ingeniously designed and has a high degree of modularization. By integrating all the devices for pyrolyzing and extracting humic acid, such as the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling device, into the box body of the container, it is convenient for transportation and can perform biomass treatment anytime and anywhere. In addition, by arranging liftable legs around the box body, the loading and unloading of the equipment are greatly facilitated, and the convenience of equipment use is improved; in addition, the present utility model is more suitable for the pyrolysis treatment of biomass-based organic matter. The pyrolysis process generates humic acid products directly through the regulation of temperature, time, and air volume and by condensation and sedimentation, greatly shortening the production time of humic acid products. It not only broadens the use of biomass pyrolysis but also solves the industry problem of low cost-effectiveness of biomass pyrolysis.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mobile biomass processing equipment, characterized in that: It comprises a movable box body, in which an equipment room is arranged, in which a pyrolysis furnace is arranged, the pyrolysis furnace comprises a feed port, an ash discharge port, an exhaust port and an air inlet, the feed port is connected with a feed module, the ash discharge port is connected with an ash collection module, the exhaust port is connected with a dust collector, the dust collector is connected with a cooling device, the cooling device comprises a humic acid outlet, the humic acid outlet is connected with a humic acid storage device, and the cooling device can condense the pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace to produce humic acid.

2. The mobile biomass processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulating fan is arranged in the box, the air inlet of the circulating fan is connected to the cooling device, the air outlet of the circulating fan is connected to the pyrolysis gas pipeline, the pyrolysis gas pipeline is connected to the cleaning tower and the pyrolysis furnace respectively, and an adjusting valve is arranged on the pyrolysis gas pipeline, by which the proportion of gas transported to the cleaning tower and the pyrolysis furnace can be adjusted.

3. The mobile biomass processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding module includes a silo and a feeder which are connected to each other. The feeder can transport the biomass in the silo to the feeding port of the pyrolysis furnace in a quantitative and uniform manner.

4. The mobile biomass processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of liftable legs are arranged around the box body, and the box body can be easily loaded and unloaded relative to the vehicle by extending and retracting the legs.

5. The mobile biomass processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control room is arranged in the box, and a heat-insulating wall is arranged between the control room and the equipment room.

6. The mobile biomass processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The box body includes a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall, a fourth side wall, a bottom plate and a top plate that are connected to each other; the pyrolysis furnace is arranged on a side of the equipment room away from the control room, the length direction of the pyrolysis furnace is perpendicular to the length direction of the box body, the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace is arranged at a position close to the second side wall, the ash discharge port is arranged at a position close to the fourth side wall, the feed module is arranged at a position close to the angle between the first side wall and the second side wall and is connected to the first side wall, and the ash collection module is arranged at a position close to the angle between the first side wall and the fourth side wall and is connected to the first side wall.

7. The mobile biomass processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device includes a separator, in which a coolant is placed. A separation pipe is arranged in the separator, the upper end of the separation pipe is a separator gas inlet, and the lower end of the separation pipe is a separator gas outlet. The separator gas inlet of the separator is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet of the quenching tower. The separator can separate and cool the uncondensed pyrolysis gas in the quenching tower.

8. The mobile biomass processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The separation pipeline is provided with multiple drainage pipes from top to bottom, the multiple drainage pipes are connected to the collecting pipe, the collecting pipe is connected to the first finished product tank, and each drainage pipe is provided with a valve; a second finished product tank is provided below the separator, and the second finished product tank is connected to the bottom of the separation pipeline.

9. The mobile biomass processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The separator is connected to the quenching tower, which includes a quenching tower pyrolysis gas inlet, a quenching tower pyrolysis gas outlet and a quenching tower liquid outlet at the bottom of the quenching tower. The quenching tower pyrolysis gas inlet is connected to the pyrolysis furnace, and the quenching tower pyrolysis gas outlet is connected to the separator gas inlet. The pyrolysis gas is sprayed and condensed in the quenching tower to produce humic acid. The humic acid flows to the bottom of the quenching tower under the action of gravity for storage and can be discharged through the quenching tower liquid outlet. The bottom of the quenching tower is connected to the first circulating pump, and the first circulating pump is connected to the spray mechanism inside the top of the quenching tower. The first circulating pump can use the humic acid stored at the bottom of the quenching tower as a cooling medium for the quenching tower.

10. The mobile biomass processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust removal fan is arranged in the box body, the air inlet of the dust removal fan is arranged above the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace, and the air outlet of the dust removal fan is connected with the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace. The dust removal fan can absorb the dust generated by the feeding module when conveying biomass fragments into the pyrolysis furnace and convey it to the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, and provide oxygen for the pyrolysis of biomass in the pyrolysis furnace.

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