Fixing support and industrial camera suitable for fixing support

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fixing support which is suitable for an industrial camera and can be combined with a shell, the shell comprises a front shell part and a rear shell part, and the fixing support comprises a body, a plurality of spacing columns and a fixing part. The spacing column and the fixing part are both connected to the body, the fixing part extends away from the body, and a containing space is defined between the fixing part and the body and used for arranging the cooling fins. The plurality of locking assemblies correspondingly penetrate through the circuit board and are locked on the plurality of spacing columns, so that the fixing bracket is locked between the rear shell part and the circuit board, and the fixing part is attached to one side of the front shell part, and therefore, the circuit board is fixed, and heat is conducted to the front shell part and the rear shell part at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This case relates to a fixing bracket and an industrial camera applicable thereto, particularly to a fixing bracket with a modular design for a circuit board and a housing, used to fix the circuit board and assist in heat dissipation, and an industrial camera applicable thereto. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of technological development and the continuous innovation of various electronic devices, electronic devices have occupied most of people's daily lives. Among them, the camera module is also widely used in various electronic devices and large-scale surveillance systems, such as: smart phones, drones, vehicle surveillance systems, community surveillance systems, campus surveillance systems, or factory surveillance systems. When the camera module is used in a surveillance system that operates for a long time, in addition to maintaining its imaging quality, it also needs to operate stably for a long time and have stable communication quality. Moreover, with the development of the times, how to promote the miniaturization of the product while improving the product performance of the camera module is the top priority in product R & D and design.

[0003] As Figure 1 shown, a generally well-known industrial camera 1 has a housing 10, and an accommodation space 100 is provided inside the housing 10 to accommodate a plurality of circuit boards 11 and electronic components 11a thereon. In this known technology, in order to avoid the accumulation of heat generated by the electronic components 11a on the plurality of circuit boards 11, a plurality of spacer posts 12 are provided between each circuit board 11. Generally, the spacer posts 12 are arranged at the four corners of the circuit board 11, thereby separating two adjacent circuit boards 11 by a specific distance to allow heat to naturally dissipate. However, in order to provide these spacer posts 12 at the four corners, corresponding screw holes need to be drilled at the four corners of each circuit board 11, so the available wiring area of the circuit board 11 will be affected. Moreover, since the heat conduction efficiency of air is poor and the air inside the industrial camera 1 cannot quickly escape to the outside, its heat conduction efficiency is extremely poor, easily leading to overheating inside, thereby affecting the stability and service life of the product during use. In addition, in order to have sufficient heat dissipation space between the plurality of circuit boards 11, a larger spacing distance is required, and thus a larger accommodation space 100 is needed, which further makes it difficult to miniaturize the overall volume of the industrial camera 1.

[0004] Therefore, how to develop a fixing bracket and an industrial camera applicable thereto that can improve the problems encountered in the above-mentioned existing technology is indeed an important issue. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] One purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixing bracket which is suitable for an industrial camera and can be combined with a shell. The fixing bracket includes: a main body, a plurality of spacer columns and a fixing portion. The fixing bracket is locked between the rear shell portion of the shell and the circuit board by passing a plurality of locking components through the circuit board and locking them on the plurality of spacer columns, and the fixing portion is attached to one side of the front shell portion, thereby fixing the circuit board and conducting heat to the front shell portion and the rear shell portion of the shell at the same time, thereby solving the problem of poor heat dissipation performance in the known technology, resulting in product stability and service life.

[0006] Another purpose of the present invention is to provide an industrial camera, which includes a housing, a lens, a plurality of circuit boards and a fixing bracket, wherein the housing includes a front housing and a rear housing combined with the front housing; a plurality of circuit boards are arranged in the housing; the fixing bracket is locked to the rear housing, and at least partially attached to and conducts heat to the front housing. The fixing bracket modularly arranged with the plurality of circuit boards and the rear housing can reduce the overall volume of the industrial camera, and by locking the fixing bracket to the rear housing and partially attached to the front housing, the heat can be effectively and quickly conducted to the two different housings of the rear housing and the front housing, and the internal heat source is conducted out, greatly reducing the overall temperature.

[0007] According to the conception of the present invention, a fixing bracket is provided, which is suitable for an industrial camera and can be combined with a shell, the shell includes a front shell part and a rear shell part, and the fixing bracket includes a body, a plurality of spacer columns and a fixing part. The plurality of spacer columns are connected to the body. The fixing part is connected to the body and extends away from the body, and a containing space is defined between the body and the fixing part for the heat sink to be arranged therein. Among them, by passing through the circuit board and locking on the plurality of spacer columns, the fixing bracket is locked between the rear shell part and the circuit board, and the fixing part is attached to one side of the front shell part.

[0008] According to the conception of the present invention, the main body has a hollow hole for the heat sink to be correspondingly arranged therein.

[0009] According to the conception of the present invention, each of the spacer columns has a through hole for correspondingly passing the locking component.

[0010] According to the conception of the present invention, the fixing portion is a planar plate structure having a bottom surface.

[0011] According to the conception of the present invention, the bottom surface of the fixing portion is attached to the bottom plate of the front shell portion to conduct the heat generated by the circuit board to the bottom plate of the front shell portion and then to the outside.

[0012] According to the conception of the present invention, the main body, the plurality of spacer columns and the fixing portion are an integrally formed structure.

[0013] According to the conception of this case, the fixing bracket is made of a metal material.

[0014] According to the concept of this case, the fixing bracket further has two side walls, the two side walls are arranged parallel to each other correspondingly, and are connected to the main body and the fixing part. Each side wall has a hole for the locking component to pass through correspondingly, so as to fix the fixing bracket and the rear shell part to each other.

[0015] According to the concept of this case, this case provides an industrial camera, which includes a housing, a lens, a plurality of circuit boards and a fixing bracket. The housing includes a front shell part and a rear shell part combined with the front shell part. The lens is arranged on the front shell part. A plurality of circuit boards are arranged in the housing. The fixing bracket is locked to the rear shell part, and at least partially adheres to and conducts heat to the front shell part.

[0016] According to the concept of this case, the fixing bracket includes a main body, a plurality of spacer columns and a fixing part. The plurality of spacer columns and the fixing part are connected to the main body. By correspondingly passing a plurality of locking components through one of the plurality of circuit boards and locking them on the plurality of spacer columns of the fixing bracket, the fixing bracket is locked between the rear shell part and the circuit board, and the fixing part adheres to one side of the front shell part.

[0017] According to the concept of this case, the bottom surface of the fixing part of the fixing bracket adheres to the bottom plate of the front shell part, so as to conduct the heat generated by the circuit board to the bottom plate of the front shell part and conduct it outward.

[0018] According to the concept of this case, the fixing bracket is of an integrally formed structure.

[0019] According to the concept of this case, the plurality of circuit boards, the fixing bracket and the rear shell part are of a modular structure. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a known industrial camera.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the industrial camera according to the first preferred embodiment of this case.

[0022] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of the industrial camera shown.

[0023] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 An exploded schematic diagram of the partial internal structure of the housing shown.

[0024] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing bracket shown.

[0025] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the assembly and heat dissipation direction of the fixing bracket and the housing.

[0026] Figure 7 As shown Figure 5 in the assembly schematic diagram of the fixing bracket, circuit board and rear housing part.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals

[0028] 1: Well-known industrial camera

[0029] 10: Housing

[0030] 100: Accommodating space

[0031] 11: Circuit board

[0032] 11a: Electronic component

[0033] 2: Industrial camera

[0034] 20: Housing

[0035] 200: Space

[0036] 201: Front housing part

[0037] 201a: Front housing substrate

[0038] 201b: Bottom plate

[0039] 201c: Lens connection part

[0040] 202: Rear housing part

[0041] 202a: Rear housing substrate

[0042] 202b: Rear housing side plate

[0043] 202c, 203c, 234a: Holes

[0044] 203: Upper cover

[0045] 203a: Upper cover plate

[0046] 203b: Side plate

[0047] 21: Lens

[0048] 22, 221: Circuit boards

[0049] 22a: Electronic components

[0050] 23: Fixing bracket

[0051] 230: Body

[0052] 230a: First surface

[0053] 230b: Second surface

[0054] 231: Spacer post,

[0055] 231a: Perforation,

[0056] 232: Fixing part,

[0057] 233: Accommodating space,

[0058] 234: Side wall,

[0059] 235: Hollow hole,

[0060] 24, 241: Heat sink,

[0061] 250, 251, 252: Locking component,

[0062] X, Y: Heat dissipation direction. Detailed implementation manners

[0063] Some typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of this case will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that this case can have various changes in different aspects, all of which do not depart from the scope of this case, and the descriptions and illustrations therein are for illustrative purposes in essence and not to limit this case.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 . Figure 2 is the external view schematic diagram of the industrial camera of the first preferred embodiment of this case. Figure 3 is for Figure 2 the internal structure schematic diagram of the housing of the industrial camera shown. Figure 4 is for Figure 3 the exploded schematic diagram of the partial structure inside the housing shown. Figure 5 is for Figure 4 the structure schematic diagram of the fixing bracket shown. As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the industrial camera 2 of this case includes: a housing 20, a lens 21, a plurality of circuit boards 22, and a fixing bracket 23. The housing 20 includes a front housing part 201 and a rear housing part 202 combined with the front housing part 201. The lens 21 is correspondingly connected and arranged at the front housing part 201. The plurality of circuit boards 22 are arranged inside the housing 20. The fixing bracket 23 is locked to the rear housing part 202 and at least partially adheres to the front housing part 201. In this embodiment, the fixing bracket 23 can be but is not limited to being made of metal, and is used to quickly conduct heat to the front housing part 201 and the rear housing part 202. And, as shown in Figure 5As shown, the fixing bracket 23 includes a body 230, a plurality of spacer columns 231, and a fixing portion 232, wherein the plurality of spacer columns 231 are connected to the body 230. The fixing portion 232 is connected to the body 230 and extends away from the body 230, and a receiving space 233 is defined between the body 230 and the fixing portion 232 for the heat sink 24 (such as Figure 4 shown) to be disposed therein. In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, by passing a plurality of locking components 252, such as screws, through the circuit board 221 correspondingly and locking them on the plurality of spacer columns 231, the fixing bracket 23 can be locked between the rear shell portion 202 of the housing 20 and the circuit board 221, and the fixing portion 232 is attached to one side of the front shell portion 201 of the housing 20, thereby fixing the circuit board 221 and conducting heat to both the front shell portion 201 and the rear shell portion 202 of the housing 20 simultaneously.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 again. In this embodiment, the housing 20 of the industrial camera 2 may further include an upper cover 203, but not limited thereto. As Figure 3 shown, after the front shell portion 201 and the rear shell portion 202 are assembled, there is a space 200 inside for accommodating a plurality of circuit boards 22 and the electronic components 22a disposed thereon. In this embodiment, the upper cover 203 can be, but is not limited to, an "M"-shaped housing structure, which is composed of an upper cover plate 203a and two side plates 203b, but not limited thereto. When the upper cover 203 is assembled corresponding to the front shell portion 201 and the rear shell portion 202, it can cover the space 200 and jointly and completely cover the space 200 inside the housing 20 with the front shell portion 201 and the rear shell portion 202, thereby protecting the circuit boards 22 and numerous electronic components 22a disposed inside, and the appearance of the industrial camera 2 after assembly is as Figure 2 shown.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 again. In this embodiment, the front shell portion 201 can be, but is not limited to, an L-shaped housing structure, which has a front shell substrate 201a and a bottom plate 201b connected to the front shell substrate 201a and perpendicular to the front shell substrate 201a. In this embodiment, the outer side of the front shell substrate 201a further has a lens connection portion 201c for corresponding connection with the lens 21, but not limited thereto. As Figure 4As shown, the rear housing portion 202 has a rear housing substrate 202a and two rear housing side plates 202b perpendicularly connected to the rear housing substrate 202a, but is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the size and shape of the rear housing substrate 202a of the rear housing portion 202 generally correspond to those of the front housing substrate 201a of the front housing portion 201, and they are arranged parallel to each other. When the front housing portion 201 and the rear housing portion 202 are assembled, the rear housing substrate 202a of the rear housing portion 202 is correspondingly arranged at the front end of the bottom plate 201b of the front housing portion 201. Thus, the front housing portion 201 and the rear housing portion 202 can jointly define a space 200 for arranging a plurality of circuit boards 22. In some embodiments, the sizes and external shapes of the plurality of circuit boards 22 are the same, that is, they are of a modular structure, thereby making the assembly process more convenient and conducive to reducing the overall volume. As mentioned above, when the upper cover 203 is correspondingly assembled with the front housing portion 201 and the rear housing portion 202, a plurality of locking components 250 can be correspondingly passed through the holes 203c on both sides of the side plate 203b of the upper cover 203, and the upper cover 203 can be correspondingly locked and fixed to the front housing substrate 201a of the front housing portion 201 and the two rear housing side plates 202b of the rear housing portion 202, thereby completely covering the space 200 inside the housing 20 together and further protecting the circuit boards 22 and numerous electronic components 22a arranged therein.

[0067] In this embodiment, in order to quickly conduct the heat generated by the plurality of circuit boards 22 and numerous electronic components 22a thereon to the outside, a fixing bracket 23 for auxiliary heat dissipation is correspondingly locked to the rear housing portion 202 and at least partially attached to the front housing portion 201, thereby conducting the heat out through the front housing portion 201 and the rear housing portion 202 simultaneously. As mentioned above, the fixing bracket 23 can be, but is not limited to, made of a metal material, such as aluminum, and it can quickly conduct the heat to the front housing portion 201 and the rear housing portion 202. As Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the fixing bracket 23 includes a body 230, a plurality of spacer columns 231, and a fixing portion 232. In this embodiment, the body 230 can be, but is not limited to, a bracket structure with a square plane. It has a first surface 230a, a second surface 230b, and at least one hollow hole 235, and the heat sink 24 can be correspondingly arranged in the hollow hole 235. The plurality of spacer columns 231 are connected to the first surface 230a of the body 230. In this embodiment, the number of spacer columns 231 is 4, but it is not limited thereto. They are correspondingly connected and arranged at the four corners of the first surface 230a of the body 230, and each has a perforation 231a for the locking component 252 to correspondingly pass through. Also, in this embodiment, the size and appearance of the body 230 of the fixing bracket 23 generally correspond to the circuit board 221. In other words, the fixing bracket 23, the plurality of circuit boards 22, and the rear shell portion 202 can be a modular structure, but it is not limited thereto. Thus, when the fixing bracket 23 is correspondingly arranged inside the industrial camera 2, its modular design can be used to fixedly connect it to the circuit board 221 correspondingly, and the overall volume of the device can be reduced by their close engagement with each other.

[0068] In this embodiment, the fixing portion 232 is connected to the body 230 and extends away from the body 230 along the second surface 230b of the body 230. Taking this embodiment as an example, the fixing portion 232 is a flat plate structure, but it is not limited thereto. In some other embodiments, the fixing portion 232 can also be a strip-shaped rib structure or other shaped structures, and it is not limited thereto. As long as the fixing portion 232 is a structure that extends away from the body 230 along the second surface 230b of the body 230, it is within the scope protected by this case. In this embodiment, the body 230, the plurality of spacer columns 231, and the fixing portion 232 of the fixing bracket 23 are an integrally formed structure, but it is not limited thereto. Also, in some embodiments, the fixing bracket 23 may further include two side walls 234, but it is not limited thereto. The two side walls 234 are correspondingly and parallelly arranged, and are connected to the body 230 and the fixing portion 232. Each of them has a hole 234a for the locking component 251 to correspondingly pass through, so that the fixing bracket 23 can be correspondingly locked to the rear shell portion 202. Thus, the side walls 234 can be used for auxiliary fixing and can strengthen the structural strength of the fixing bracket 23. And in this embodiment, the body 230, the plurality of spacer columns 231, the fixing portion 232, and the side walls 234 of the fixing bracket 23 can also be, but are not limited to, an integrally formed structure. However, the fixing bracket 23 does not necessarily adopt the design of these side walls 234. In some other embodiments, it can also thicken the thickness of the body 230 or the fixing portion 232 and correspondingly arrange the locking holes thereon, then the auxiliary fixing function of the side walls 234 can be replaced. Therefore, these structures and related form designs can be arbitrarily changed according to the actual implementation situation and are not limited thereto.

[0069] Please continue to refer toFigure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 . Figure 6 is Figure 5 a schematic diagram of the assembly of the fixing bracket and the housing and the heat dissipation direction. As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, a receiving space 233 is defined between the body 230 of the fixing bracket 23, the fixing portion 232 and the two side walls 234 for the heat sink 24 to be disposed therein. In some embodiments, the number of the heat sinks 24 may be 1. However, in other embodiments, the number of the heat sinks 24 may be multiple, for example: 2 or 3. In this way, the multiple heat sinks 24 can not only be correspondingly disposed in the hollow holes 235 of the body 230, but also be further disposed in the receiving space 233 of the fixing bracket 23 through the multiple heat sinks 24, so that the fixing bracket 23 can be engaged with the circuit boards 221 and the rear housing portion 202 on both sides thereof through the heat sinks 24, and the heat can be conducted from the circuit board 221 through the heat sinks 24 and the fixing bracket 23 to the rear housing portion 202 to quickly conduct the heat outwards. Also, as shown in FIGS. 4 and Figure 6 shown, when the fixing bracket 23 is correspondingly locked between the circuit board 221 and the rear housing portion 202, the body 230 and the side walls 234 of the fixing bracket 23 can be directly or indirectly (for example: through the heat sink 24) connected to the rear housing portion 202, so that the heat generated by the circuit board 221 can be transmitted in the direction of the arrow X shown in Figure 6 to the rear housing portion 202 and transmitted outwards. At the same time, since a bottom surface 232a of the fixing portion 232 of the fixing bracket 23 is attached to the bottom plate 201b of the front housing portion 201, a part of the heat generated by the circuit board 221 can also be transmitted through the fixing portion 232 along the direction of the arrow Y downwards to the bottom plate 201b of the front housing portion 201 and then transmitted outwards. In this way, through the arrangement of the fixing bracket 23, not only can the fixing and positioning of the circuit board 221 be assisted, but also the heat can be simultaneously transmitted outwards in two different directions of X and Y to greatly improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the industrial camera 2. Of course, in some embodiments, in order to improve the heat conduction efficiency between the fixing bracket 23 and the front housing portion 201 or assist the fitting density thereof, heat sinks 241 may also be provided between the fixing bracket 23 and the bottom plate 201b of the front housing portion 201, but not limited thereto.

[0070] Please also refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 . Figure 7 is Figure 5 a schematic diagram of the assembly of the fixing bracket 23 with the circuit board 221 and the rear housing portion 202 shown. As Figure 4 and Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, the fixing bracket 23 is assembled as described above. First, the locking component 251 passes through the hole 202c on the rear shell side plate 202b of the rear shell portion 202, and then passes through the hole 234a on the side wall 234 of the fixing bracket 23. In this way, the fixing bracket 23 and the rear shell portion 202 can be locked to each other. Figure 7 As shown, multiple locking components 252 are correspondingly passed through the circuit board 221 and locked in the through holes 231a of the multiple spacer columns 231, so that the fixing bracket 23 can be locked between the rear shell 202 and the circuit board 221, and the fixing portion 232 is attached to one side of the front shell 201 of the housing 20, thereby fixing the circuit board 221 and conducting heat to the front shell 201 and the rear shell 202 of the housing 20 at the same time, thereby conducting the internal heat source, greatly reducing the overall temperature of the industrial camera 2, and thus increasing the stability and service life of the product. In some embodiments, the locking component 250 locked on the upper cover, the locking component 251 that locks the fixing bracket 23 on the rear shell 202, and the locking component 252 that locks the fixing bracket 23 on the circuit board 221 can be the same locking component, for example: screws of the same length, but not limited to this. In other embodiments, they may also be screws of different lengths or locking components of different shapes. The shapes and quantities of the locking components 250, 251, and 252 may be changed according to actual application conditions and are not limited thereto.

[0071] In summary, the present invention provides a fixing bracket, which is suitable for industrial cameras and can be combined with the shell of the industrial camera. The shell includes a front shell and a rear shell. The fixing bracket includes: a main body, a plurality of spacer columns and a fixing portion. By passing a plurality of locking components through the circuit board and locking them on the plurality of spacer columns, the fixing bracket is locked between the rear shell and the circuit board, and the fixing portion is attached to one side of the front shell, thereby fixing the circuit board and conducting heat to the front shell and the rear shell of the shell at the same time. In addition, by modularly setting the fixing bracket with a plurality of circuit boards and the rear shell, the overall volume of the industrial camera can be reduced, and by locking the fixing bracket to the rear shell and partially attaching it to the front shell, the heat can be effectively and quickly conducted to the two different shells of the rear shell and the front shell, and the internal heat source can be exported, which greatly reduces the overall temperature, thereby increasing the stability and service life of the product.

[0072] The present invention may be modified in various ways by those skilled in the art, but all of these modifications will not deviate from the scope of protection sought by the attached patent application.

Claims

1. A fixing bracket, characterized in that: The invention is applicable to an industrial camera and can be combined with a housing, the housing comprising a front housing and a rear housing. The fixing bracket comprises: one body; A plurality of spacer columns connected to the body; and A fixing portion is connected to the main body and extends away from the main body, and a containing space is defined between the main body and the fixing portion for a heat sink to be disposed therein; The fixing bracket is locked between the rear shell and the circuit board by passing through a plurality of locking components correspondingly and locking them on the plurality of spacing columns, and the fixing part is attached to one side of the front shell.

2. The fixing bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body has a hollow hole for the heat sink to be correspondingly arranged therein.

3. The fixing bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the spacer columns has a through hole for the locking component to pass through accordingly.

4. The fixing bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing portion is a planar plate structure and has a bottom surface.

5. The fixing bracket according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the fixing part is attached to a bottom plate of the front shell part, so as to conduct the heat generated by the circuit board to the bottom plate of the front shell part and conduct it outwards.

6. The fixing bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body, the plurality of spacer columns and the fixing portion are an integrally formed structure.

7. The fixing bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing bracket is made of metal material.

8. The fixing bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing bracket also has two side walls, which are arranged parallel to each other and connected to the body and the fixing part. Each of the side walls has a hole for a locking component to pass through to fix the fixing bracket and the rear shell part to each other.

9. An industrial camera, characterized in that: Include: A housing, comprising a front housing portion and a rear housing portion combined with the front housing portion; A lens, disposed on the front housing; A plurality of circuit boards are disposed in the housing; and A fixing bracket is locked to the rear shell portion and at least partially attached to and heat-conducting to the front shell portion.

10. The industrial camera according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixing bracket includes a main body, a plurality of spacer columns and a fixing portion, wherein the plurality of spacer columns and the fixing portion are connected to the main body, and the fixing bracket is locked between the rear shell portion and the circuit board by passing a plurality of locking components through one of the plurality of circuit boards and locking them on the plurality of spacer columns of the fixing bracket, and the fixing portion is attached to one side of the front shell portion.

11. The industrial camera according to claim 10, characterized in that: A bottom surface of the fixing portion of the fixing bracket is attached to a bottom plate of the front shell portion, so as to conduct the heat generated by the circuit board to the bottom plate of the front shell portion and conduct it outwards.

12. The industrial camera according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixing bracket is an integrally formed structure.

13. The industrial camera according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plurality of circuit boards, the fixing bracket and the rear shell are modular structures.

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