Device for separating glycerol from biodiesel distillate

Abstract

The bottom of a settling tank is conical, a feeding channel is arranged on the central axis of the settling tank, the upper end of the feeding channel is connected with a feeding ball valve and a feeding pipe, the lower end of the feeding channel is located on the lower middle portion of the settling tank and is in a horn mouth shape, a light-phase discharging pipeline is arranged at the upper end of the settling tank, and a check valve and a light-phase discharging ball valve are arranged on the light-phase discharging pipeline; the multiple layers of baffles are fixed on the inner wall of the settling tank and the outer wall of the feeding channel in a staggered manner and incline downwards; the tuning fork densimeter is arranged at a cone bottom outlet of the settling tank, a heavy phase discharging pipeline is arranged at the cone bottom outlet, and a bypass pipe with a manually operated heavy phase discharging ball valve is arranged beside a pneumatic valve front end ball valve, a pneumatic control valve and a pneumatic valve rear end ball valve of the heavy phase discharging pipeline. The device is simple and compact in structure, convenient and efficient to operate and good in fatty acid methyl ester and glycerol separation effect, and solves the problems that in the prior art, the separation efficiency of glycerol and fatty acid methyl ester is low, the separation purity is low, and the product quality and the production cost are influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biodiesel production devices, and particularly to a glycerol separation device in biodiesel distillate. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of the global demand for clean energy, biodiesel, as a renewable energy source, has seen rapid development in its industry. In the production process of biodiesel, animal and vegetable oils and fats and methanol are usually used as reactants, and transesterification reaction is carried out under the action of a catalyst to prepare biodiesel. However, the reaction product is a complex mixture, which includes: biodiesel with fatty acid methyl ester as the main component, glycerol, methanol, and water.

[0003] Since the presence of glycerol will have various effects on the quality of biodiesel: a higher concentration of free glycerol will increase the viscosity of biodiesel, and carbon deposition may occur during use, affecting the engine performance and resulting in excessive vehicle exhaust emissions; in addition, the economic value of glycerol is also relatively high. If it is not effectively separated and recovered, it will cause waste of resources. Currently, the commonly used separation method for biodiesel is vacuum distillation. The distillate of the existing vacuum distillation generally uses the natural sedimentation method to separate glycerol as the heavy phase and fatty acid methyl ester, that is, biodiesel as the light phase. The existing defects are that on the one hand, the separation time of the heavy phase and the light phase is long and the efficiency is low, and on the other hand, there are many artificial operation factors, which easily lead to more methyl esters in glycerol or a high proportion of glycerol in methyl esters, affecting the separation purity, product quality and production cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a glycerol separation device in biodiesel distillate with a simple and compact structure, convenient and efficient operation, and good separation effect of fatty acid methyl ester and glycerol, so as to solve the problems of low separation efficiency of heavy-phase glycerol and light-phase fatty acid methyl ester and low separation purity in the prior art, which affect product quality and production cost.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the glycerol separation device in biodiesel distillate of the utility model comprises a feed ball valve 1, a sedimentation tank 2, a pneumatic valve front end ball valve 3, a pneumatic regulating valve 4, a pneumatic valve rear end ball valve 5, a manually operated heavy phase discharge ball valve 6, a check valve 7, a light phase discharge ball valve 8, a multi-layer baffle 9 and a tuning fork density meter 10; the bottom of the sedimentation tank 2 is conical, and a feed channel is provided on the central axis of the sedimentation tank 2, the upper end of the feed channel is externally connected to the feed ball valve 1 and the feed pipe, and the lower end is located in the lower middle part of the sedimentation tank and is trumpet-shaped. Mouth-shaped, a light phase discharge pipe is provided at the upper end of the sedimentation tank, on which a check valve 7 and a light phase discharge ball valve 8 are provided to prevent external air from flowing back into the sedimentation tank; the multi-layer baffles 9 are staggered and fixed on the inner wall of the sedimentation tank and the outer wall of the feed channel and tilted downward; the tuning fork density meter 10 is arranged at the cone bottom outlet of the sedimentation tank 2, and the cone bottom outlet is provided with a heavy phase discharge pipe, and a bypass pipe with a manually operated heavy phase discharge ball valve 6 is provided next to the pneumatic valve front end ball valve 3, the pneumatic regulating valve 4, and the pneumatic valve rear end ball valve 5 of the heavy phase discharge pipe.

[0006] The multi-layer baffle 9 is provided with an additional layer of baffle on the inner wall of the sedimentation tank near the outlet of the light phase discharge pipe to prevent the rising objects from deflecting.

[0007] The utility model of the glycerol separation device in the biodiesel distillate has the following technical characteristics and beneficial effects:

[0008] 1. By adopting the above-mentioned structural separation device, especially the multi-layer baffle structure, the glycerol and fatty acid methyl ester in the distillate mixture produced during vacuum distillation can be effectively settled and layered, with high separation efficiency and good effect, which can significantly improve the purity of biodiesel and glycerol and improve product quality.

[0009] 2. The operation is simple, convenient and efficient, which greatly avoids operating errors.

[0010] 3. The structure is simple and compact, and the production and maintenance costs are low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure of a glycerol separation device in biodiesel distillate.

[0012] Figure numerals: feed ball valve 1, sedimentation tank 2, pneumatic valve front end ball valve 3, pneumatic regulating valve 4, pneumatic valve rear end ball valve 5, manually operated heavy phase discharge ball valve 6, check valve 7, light phase discharge ball valve 8, multi-layer baffle 9, tuning fork density meter 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The specific implementation of the device for separating glycerol from biodiesel distillate of the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Figure 1As shown, the glycerol separation device in biodiesel distillate of the utility model comprises a feed ball valve 1, a sedimentation tank 2, a pneumatic valve front end ball valve 3, a pneumatic regulating valve 4, a pneumatic valve rear end ball valve 5, a manually operated heavy phase discharge ball valve 6, a check valve 7, a light phase discharge ball valve 8, a multi-layer baffle 9 and a tuning fork densitometer 10; the bottom of the sedimentation tank 2 is conical, and a feed channel is provided on the central axis of the sedimentation tank 2, the upper end of the feed channel is externally connected to the feed ball valve 1 and the feed pipe, and the lower end is located in the lower middle part of the sedimentation tank and is in a trumpet shape, and a light phase discharge pipeline is provided at the upper end of the sedimentation tank, which A check valve 7 and a light phase discharge ball valve 8 are provided on it to prevent external air from flowing back into the sedimentation tank; the multi-layer baffles 9 are staggered and fixed on the inner wall of the sedimentation tank and the outer wall of the feed channel and tilted downward, and an additional layer of baffles is provided on the inner wall of the sedimentation tank near the outlet of the light phase discharge pipe to avoid the deviation of rising objects; the tuning fork density meter 10 is arranged at the cone bottom outlet of the sedimentation tank 2, and the cone bottom outlet is provided with a heavy phase discharge pipe, and a bypass pipe with a manually operated heavy phase discharge ball valve 6 is provided next to the pneumatic valve front end ball valve 3, the pneumatic regulating valve 4, and the pneumatic valve rear end ball valve 5 of the heavy phase discharge pipe.

[0015] During operation, the biodiesel distillate flows from top to bottom to the lower part of the sedimentation tank 2 through the feed ball valve 1 from the feed channel arranged on the central axis of the sedimentation tank. Since the light phase fatty acid methyl ester and the heavy phase glycerol in the components will be separated due to physical reasons, the heavy phase material will be deposited at the cone bottom of the sedimentation tank 2, and the light phase will overflow upward; because the light phase material is entrained with the heavy phase material, the multi-layer baffles 9 arranged in the sedimentation tank 2 will increase the flow process of the rising material, so that the separation in a limited space is more thorough, and the baffles have a certain downward inclination, so they can press down the rising material that is too fast, while the heavy phase sedimentation material is easier to slide on the inclined baffles; and because an extra layer of baffles is arranged on the inner wall of the sedimentation tank near the light phase outlet, the biased flow of the rising material can be effectively avoided; the light phase material is discharged through the light phase discharge ball valve 8, and the check valve 7 arranged in front of the light phase discharge ball valve 8 can effectively prevent the outside The air is returned to the sedimentation tank 2; the heavy phase continues to accumulate at the bottom of the transition sedimentation tank and the density change is sensed by the tuning fork density meter 10. When the density reaches the set value, the ball valve 3 at the front end of the pneumatic valve and the ball valve 5 at the rear end of the pneumatic valve are opened, and the pneumatic regulating valve 4 is opened to discharge the glycerol heavy phase through the heavy phase discharge pipe in an automatic control manner; when the discharge of the heavy phase is reduced, the density sensing of the tuning fork density meter sensing 10 becomes smaller, and when the density sensing value is less than the set value, the pneumatic regulating valve 4 is closed; when it is necessary to manually inspect, deactivate, or repair the pneumatic regulating valve 4, the ball valve 3 at the front end of the pneumatic valve and the ball valve 5 at the rear end of the pneumatic valve are closed, and the glycerol heavy phase is manually controlled to be discharged by manually operating the heavy phase discharge ball valve 6, thereby realizing the sedimentation separation of glycerol and fatty acid methyl esters from the mixture produced during the reduced pressure distillation, making the separation efficient and thorough, and significantly improving the purity of glycerol and methyl esters.

Claims

1. A device for separating glycerol from biodiesel distillate, characterized in that: It comprises a feed ball valve (1), a sedimentation tank (2), a pneumatic valve front end ball valve (3), a pneumatic regulating valve (4), a pneumatic valve rear end ball valve (5), a manually operated heavy phase discharge ball valve (6), a check valve (7), a light phase discharge ball valve (8), a multi-layer baffle (9) and a tuning fork densitometer (10); the bottom of the sedimentation tank (2) is conical, a feed channel is arranged on the central axis of the sedimentation tank (2), the upper end of the feed channel is externally connected to the feed ball valve (1) and the feed pipe, the lower end is located in the middle and lower part of the sedimentation tank and is in a trumpet shape, and the upper end of the sedimentation tank is provided with a feed channel. A light phase discharge pipe is provided at the end, on which a check valve (7) and a light phase discharge ball valve (8) are provided to prevent external air from flowing back into the sedimentation tank; the multi-layer baffles (9) are staggeredly fixed on the inner wall of the sedimentation tank and the outer wall of the feed channel and tilted downward; the tuning fork density meter (10) is arranged at the cone bottom outlet of the sedimentation tank (2), and the cone bottom outlet is provided with a heavy phase discharge pipe, and a bypass pipe with a manually operated heavy phase discharge ball valve (6) is provided beside the pneumatic valve front end ball valve (3), the pneumatic regulating valve (4) and the pneumatic valve rear end ball valve (5) of the heavy phase discharge pipe.

2. The glycerol separation device in the biodiesel distillate as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer baffle (9) is provided with an additional layer of baffle on the inner wall of the sedimentation tank near the outlet of the light phase discharge pipe to prevent the rising objects from deflecting.

Images