Two-in-one speed reduction assembly of electric forklift

Abstract

A two-in-one speed reduction assembly of an electric forklift comprises an outer shell, a walking motor, a walking speed reducer connected with the walking motor, a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic speed reducer connected with the hydraulic motor and a hydraulic pump connected with the hydraulic speed reducer, and the outer shell comprises a shell body, a first cover body and a second cover body, a first concave cavity corresponding to the walking speed reducer and a second concave cavity corresponding to the hydraulic speed reducer are formed in the shell, the first concave cavity and the second concave cavity are adjacently arranged and are mutually independent and not communicated, the walking speed reducer is installed in the first concave cavity, the first cover body covers the walking speed reducer, the hydraulic speed reducer is installed in the second concave cavity, and the second cover body covers the hydraulic speed reducer. The hydraulic motor and the walking motor are fixed to the shell, and the hydraulic pump is fixed to the second cover body. The structure compactness and the integration degree are improved, the weight and the occupied space are reduced, whole vehicle arrangement is facilitated, installation errors are effectively reduced, the NVH performance is improved, the lubricating reliability is improved, the oil stirring loss is reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a two-in-one reduction assembly for an electric forklift, belonging to the technical field of electric forklift drive. Background Art

[0002] Most of the existing electric forklifts adopt a power output technical mode in which the traveling drive motor and the hydraulic drive motor are separately arranged. The drive motor and the front axle reduction box form a traveling drive system unit, and the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump or the hydraulic motor plus the reducer plus the hydraulic pump form a hydraulic drive system unit. The entire power system adopts a decentralized layout method. The traveling drive system unit is arranged at the front axle of the vehicle frame, and the hydraulic drive system unit is arranged in the middle or rear part of the vehicle frame. The main defects of the decentralized layout are as follows:

[0003] 1. The power system occupies a large space, has poor integration and structural compactness, high production cost, heavy weight, limits the battery layout space, and is not conducive to the overall vehicle layout.

[0004] 2. The lubrication structure corresponding to the drive unit is more complex, with large oil agitation loss and reduced efficiency.

[0005] 3. The installation error between the motor and the corresponding reducer is large, increasing the NVH risk. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] The two-in-one reduction assembly for an electric forklift provided by the utility model has the traveling reducer and the hydraulic reducer arranged adjacent to each other. The hydraulic motor and the traveling motor are both fixed on the housing, and the end cover of the motor output end is omitted. This not only improves the structural compactness and integration, reduces the weight and occupied space, and facilitates the overall vehicle layout, but also effectively reduces the installation error because both the motor and the reducer are installed on the housing, improves the NVH performance of the reduction assembly, enhances the lubrication reliability, and can reduce the oil agitation loss and improve the transmission efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0008] The two-in-one reduction assembly for an electric forklift includes a housing, a traveling motor, a traveling reducer connected to the traveling motor, a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic reducer connected to the hydraulic motor, and a hydraulic pump connected to the hydraulic reducer. It is characterized in that: the housing includes a shell, a first cover body and a second cover body respectively fixed on the shell. The shell is provided with a first cavity corresponding to the traveling reducer and a second cavity corresponding to the hydraulic reducer. The first cavity and the second cavity are adjacent and independent of each other without connection. The traveling reducer is installed in the first cavity, the first cover body covers the traveling reducer, the hydraulic reducer is installed in the second cavity, the second cover body covers the hydraulic reducer, the hydraulic motor and the traveling motor are fixed on the shell, and the hydraulic pump is fixed on the second cover body.

[0009] Preferably, the traveling speed reducer includes a traveling input gear shaft splined to the output shaft of the traveling motor, a first-stage driven gear meshing with the traveling input gear shaft, a second-stage driving gear shaft in interference fit with the first-stage driven gear, a second-stage driven gear meshing with the second-stage driving gear shaft, a third-stage driving gear shaft in interference fit with the teeth of the second-stage driven gear, a ring gear meshing with the third-stage driving gear shaft, and a differential fixedly connected to the ring gear. The hydraulic speed reducer includes a hydraulic input shaft splined to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor and a hydraulic output shaft meshing with the hydraulic input shaft. The input end of the hydraulic pump is splined to the hydraulic output shaft. The hydraulic input shaft, the hydraulic output shaft, the traveling input gear shaft, the second-stage driving gear shaft, and the third-stage driving gear shaft are arranged in parallel in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, support bearing mounting grooves and lubricating oil channels communicating with the support bearing mounting grooves are provided in both the first cavity and the second cavity. Motor output end bearing mounting grooves are provided at the bottoms of the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0011] Preferably, a vent hole is provided in the side wall of the housing on the side of the second cavity. A labyrinth oil retaining structure integrally formed with the housing is provided in the second cavity. The through hole communicates with the lubricating oil channel in the second cavity through the labyrinth oil retaining structure.

[0012] Preferably, the labyrinth oil retaining structure includes an oil retaining main plate provided in the second cavity and an oil retaining sub-plate having the same height as the oil retaining main plate. One end of the oil retaining main plate is connected to the inner wall of the second cavity, and the other end is not in contact with the inner wall of the second cavity to form an oil passing gap. An oil groove is formed between the oil retaining main plate and the inner wall of the second cavity. The oil retaining sub-plate is provided in the oil groove. An oil passing gap is formed between the oil retaining sub-plate and the oil retaining main plate or between the oil retaining sub-plate and the inner wall of the second cavity. The number of the oil retaining sub-plates is multiple and they are spaced apart in the oil groove.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0014] For the two-in-one speed reduction assembly of the electric forklift of the present utility model, the first cavity and the second cavity corresponding to the traveling speed reducer and the hydraulic speed reducer are provided on the housing. The first cavity and the second cavity are adjacent to each other, so that the traveling speed reducer and the hydraulic speed reducer are adjacent to each other. The hydraulic motor and the traveling motor are both fixed on the housing, and the end cover of the motor output end is omitted. This not only improves the structural compactness and integration, reduces the weight and occupied space, and facilitates the layout of the whole vehicle, but also the effective reduction of the installation error due to the installation of the motor and the speed reducer on the housing, and improves the NVH performance of the speed reduction assembly.

[0015] The first cavity and the second cavity are independent of each other and not connected. The lubrication structure is simple, and the lubrication reliability is improved. The oil fluid is only agitated in the cavity where it is located, and the agitation of the oil fluid in the two cavities does not overlap, which can reduce the oil churning loss and improve the transmission efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the two-in-one reduction assembly of the electric forklift in the specific implementation manner.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the housing. Specific implementation manner

[0018] The following combines Figures 1-2 to make a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] The two-in-one reduction assembly of the electric forklift includes a housing 1, a traveling motor 2, a traveling reducer 3 connected to the traveling motor 2, a hydraulic motor 4, a hydraulic reducer 5 connected to the hydraulic motor 4, and a hydraulic pump 6 connected to the hydraulic reducer 5. It is characterized in that: the housing 1 includes a housing body 11, a first cover body 12 and a second cover body 13 respectively fixed on the housing body 11. A first cavity 14 corresponding to the traveling reducer 3 and a second cavity 15 corresponding to the hydraulic reducer 5 are provided on the housing body 11. The first cavity and the second cavity are adjacent and independent of each other without communication. The traveling reducer 3 is installed in the first cavity 14, the first cover body 12 covers the traveling reducer 3, the hydraulic reducer 5 is installed in the second cavity 15, the second cover body 13 covers the hydraulic reducer 5, the hydraulic motor 4 and the traveling motor 2 are fixed on the housing body 11, and the hydraulic pump 6 is fixed on the second cover body 13.

[0020] For the two-in-one reduction assembly of the electric forklift of the present invention, a first cavity 14 and a second cavity 15 corresponding to the traveling reducer 3 and the hydraulic reducer 5 are provided on the housing body 11. The first cavity 14 and the second cavity 15 are adjacent, so that the traveling reducer 3 and the hydraulic reducer 5 are adjacent. The hydraulic motor 4 and the traveling motor 2 are both fixed on the housing body 11, eliminating the end cover at the output end of the motor. This not only improves the structural compactness and integration, reduces the weight and occupied space, and facilitates the overall vehicle layout, but also the motor and the reducer are both installed on the housing, which can effectively reduce the installation error and improve the NVH performance of the reduction assembly. The first cavity 14 and the second cavity 15 are independent of each other without communication, the lubrication structure is simple, the lubrication reliability is improved, the oil only stirs in the corresponding cavity, and the stirring of the oil in the two cavities does not superimpose, which can reduce the oil stirring loss and improve the transmission efficiency.

[0021] Among them, the walking speed reducer 3 includes a walking input gear shaft 31 splined to the output shaft of the walking motor, a first-stage driven gear 32 meshing with the walking input gear shaft 31, a second-stage driving gear shaft 33 in interference fit with the first-stage driven gear 32, a second-stage driven gear 34 meshing with the second-stage driving gear shaft 33, a third-stage driving gear shaft 35 in interference fit with the teeth of the second-stage driven gear 34, a ring gear 36 meshing with the third-stage driving gear shaft 35, and a differential 37 fixedly connected to the ring gear 36. The hydraulic speed reducer 5 includes a hydraulic input shaft 51 splined to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor and a hydraulic output shaft 52 meshing with the hydraulic input shaft 51. The input end of the hydraulic pump 6 is splined to the hydraulic output shaft 52. The hydraulic input shaft 51, the hydraulic output shaft 52, the walking input gear shaft 31, the second-stage driving gear shaft 33, and the third-stage driving gear shaft 35 are arranged in parallel in sequence. The walking speed reducer 3 is a three-stage parallel reduction structure, and the hydraulic speed reducer 5 is a one-stage parallel reduction structure. Moreover, the transmission shafts in the hydraulic speed reducer 5 and the walking speed reducer 3 are parallel in sequence, adapting to the structure where the first cavity 14 and the second cavity 15 are adjacent, improving the structural compactness. The differential 37 is a conventional structure, including a differential case, planetary gears, and half-axle gears. The ring gear 36 is connected to the differential case in the differential 37, and the differential case drives the planetary gears and the half-axle gears to move, realizing power output.

[0022] Among them, support bearing installation grooves 16 and lubricating oil channels 17 communicating with the support bearing installation grooves 16 are opened in both the first cavity 14 and the second cavity 15. Motor output end bearing installation grooves 19 are opened at the bottoms of the first cavity 14 and the second cavity 15. Support bearings are press-fitted into the support bearing installation grooves 16. The hydraulic input shaft, the hydraulic output shaft, the walking input gear shaft, the second-stage driving gear shaft, and the third-stage driving gear shaft are respectively installed in the support bearings of the corresponding support bearing installation grooves 16. The lubricating oil channels 17 are opened in the first cavity 14 and the second cavity 15, enabling the oil in the cavities to be introduced into the support bearing installation grooves 16 through the lubricating oil channels 17, ensuring the lubrication reliability of the support bearings. The motor output end bearing installation grooves 19 are opened at the bottoms of the first cavity and the second cavity. Bearings are installed in the motor output end bearing installation grooves 19 to support the output ends of the walking motor 2 and the hydraulic motor 4 respectively, so as to eliminate the output end covers of the walking motor and the reduction motor, improving the structural compactness and integration.

[0023] Among them, a ventilation hole 18 is opened on the side wall of the housing 11 on the side of the second cavity 15. A labyrinth oil retaining structure 7 integrally formed with the housing 11 is arranged in the second cavity 14. The through-hole ventilation 18 is communicated with the lubricating oil channel 17 in the second cavity 15 through the labyrinth oil retaining structure 7. The ventilation hole 18 is used for ventilation to prevent the increase of oil pressure. The labyrinth oil retaining structure 7 forms a labyrinth flow path of the oil to the ventilation hole 18, effectively reducing the oil leakage of the ventilation hole 18 and reducing the oil leakage amount under the condition of ensuring ventilation.

[0024] Among them, the labyrinth oil retaining structure 7 includes an oil retaining main board 71 arranged in the second concave cavity 15 and an oil retaining sub-board 72 with the same height as the oil retaining main board 71. One end of the oil retaining main board 71 is connected to the inner wall of the second concave cavity 15, and the other end is not in contact with the inner wall of the second concave cavity to form an oil passing gap. An oil groove A is formed between the oil retaining main board 71 and the inner wall of the second concave cavity 15. The oil retaining sub-board 72 is arranged in the oil groove A. An oil passing gap is formed between the oil retaining sub-board 72 and the oil retaining main board 71 or between the oil retaining sub-board 72 and the inner wall of the second concave cavity 15. The number of the oil retaining sub-boards 72 is multiple and they are arranged at intervals in the oil groove A. It can be seen from the attached drawing that the oil retaining main board 71 is arranged in the second concave cavity 15, dividing the second concave cavity 15 into two parts. One part is used to install the hydraulic reducer 5, and the other part forms the oil groove A. One end of the oil retaining main board 71 is connected to the inner wall of the second concave cavity 15, and the other end is separated from the inner wall of the second concave cavity 15 without contact to form an oil passing gap. The oil retaining sub-board 72 is arranged in the oil groove A and forms an oil passing gap with the inner wall of the second concave cavity 15 or the oil retaining main board 71, so that the oil flowing from the side of the hydraulic reducer 5 in the second concave cavity 15 to the vent hole 18 has to pass through the labyrinth flow path formed by the oil retaining main board 71 and the oil retaining sub-board 72 to reach the vent hole 18, reducing the oil leakage amount at the vent hole 18 and reducing the oil leakage risk while ensuring ventilation.

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are completely described above in conjunction with the attached drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-in-one reduction assembly for an electric forklift, comprising a housing, a travel motor, a travel reducer connected to the travel motor, a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic reducer connected to the hydraulic motor, and a hydraulic pump connected to the hydraulic reducer, characterized in that: The outer shell includes a shell, a cover body 1 and a cover body 2 respectively fixed to the shell, a concave cavity 1 corresponding to the travel reducer and a concave cavity 2 corresponding to the hydraulic reducer are provided on the shell, the concave cavity 1 and the concave cavity 2 are adjacent to each other and are independent of each other and not connected, the travel reducer is installed in the concave cavity 1, the cover body 1 covers the travel reducer, the hydraulic reducer is installed in the concave cavity 2, the cover body 2 covers the hydraulic reducer, the hydraulic motor and the travel motor are fixed on the shell, and the hydraulic pump is fixed on the cover body 2.

2. The two-in-one reduction assembly for electric forklift according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The travel reducer comprises a travel input gear shaft splined with the travel motor output shaft, a primary driven gear meshed with the travel input gear shaft, a secondary driving gear shaft interference fit with the primary driven gear, a secondary driven gear meshed with the secondary driving gear shaft, a tertiary driving gear shaft interference fit with the secondary driven gear teeth, a gear ring meshed with the tertiary driving gear shaft, and a differential fixed to the gear ring. The hydraulic reducer comprises a hydraulic input shaft splined with the hydraulic motor output shaft and a hydraulic output shaft meshed with the hydraulic input shaft. The input end of the hydraulic pump is splined with the hydraulic output shaft. The hydraulic input shaft, the hydraulic output shaft, the travel input gear shaft, the secondary driving gear shaft and the tertiary driving gear shaft are arranged in parallel in sequence.

3. The two-in-one reduction assembly for electric forklift according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The described concave cavity 1 and concave cavity 2 are both provided with a support bearing installation groove and a lubricating oil channel connected with the support bearing installation groove, and the bottom of the concave cavity 1 and concave cavity 2 are both provided with a motor output end bearing installation groove.

4. The two-in-one reduction assembly for electric forklift according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A vent hole is provided on the side wall of the shell on the side close to the second concave cavity, and a labyrinth oil retaining structure integrally formed with the shell is provided in the second concave cavity. The air in the vent hole is connected to the lubricating oil channel in the second concave cavity through the labyrinth oil retaining structure.

5. The two-in-one reduction assembly for electric forklift according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The labyrinth oil baffle structure includes an oil baffle main plate arranged in concave cavity 2 and an oil baffle sub-plate with the same height as the oil baffle main plate. One end of the oil baffle main plate is connected to the inner wall of the second concave cavity, and the other end does not contact the inner wall of the second concave cavity to form an oil-passing gap. An oil groove is formed between the oil baffle main plate and the inner wall of the second concave cavity. The oil baffle sub-plate is arranged in the oil groove. An oil-passing gap is formed between the oil baffle sub-plate and the oil baffle main plate or an oil-passing gap is formed between the oil baffle sub-plate and the inner wall of the second concave cavity. There are multiple oil baffle sub-plates and they are separated and arranged in the oil groove.

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