Building steel pipe column self-fire-prevention system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of building fire prevention technology and equipment, in particular to a self-fire prevention system for a building steel pipe column. Comprising n hollow steel pipe columns, a steel beam in rigid connection with the n hollow steel pipe columns and n steam discharge pipes, and n is larger than or equal to 1; tap water added with triethanolamine with the mass fraction of 0.5% is injected into each hollow steel pipe column; one steam discharge pipe is communicated with the inner top of one hollow steel pipe column, the steam discharge pipe is communicated with an external steam outlet pipe, a safety valve is arranged on the steam outlet pipe, and the safety valve is arranged to be higher than a building surface layer. According to the building steel pipe column self-fire-prevention system, the hollow steel pipe column is prevented from being heated through heat absorption, heat storage and evaporation of water, the heat transfer gradient effect can prevent a beam column joint and a certain area of the beam end from being heated, the safety of a structure body is guaranteed, and cost is greatly saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of building fire prevention technologies and equipment, and particularly relates to a self - fire - prevention system for building steel pipe columns. Background Technique

[0002] From the perspective of material mechanics, steel is a non - combustible building material. However, once a fire occurs and it is subjected to high temperatures, the steel will also deform, and even cause the structure to collapse, which is not conducive to the safety of people and property. Steel pipe columns usually lose their load - bearing capacity and undergo large deformations at temperatures of 450 - 650°C, causing the steel pipe columns and steel beams to bend, and even triggering the collapse of the building structure. Generally, the fire resistance limit of an unprotected hollow steel pipe column is about 15 minutes.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to carry out fire - prevention treatment on steel pipe columns to prevent the steel structure from buckling, deforming or even collapsing during the rapid temperature rise in a fire.

[0004] In actual engineering applications, people often choose the methods of spraying (smearing) fire - prevention coatings or covering fire - prevention boards to carry out fire - prevention treatment on hollow steel pipe columns. However, these two fire - prevention treatment methods have some defects.

[0005] The method of spraying (smearing) fire - prevention coatings has defects such as low coating strength, poor surface appearance, and limited service life. The treatment method of covering fire - prevention boards has defects such as complicated construction technology, especially great construction difficulty at beam - column joints. Moreover, both of these methods have defects such as high construction cost, long construction period, reduction of the effective use space of the building, loss of fire - prevention protection effect after reaching the designed fire resistance limit, and low safety redundancy.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a self - fire - prevention system for building steel pipe columns with a long fire - resistant time, excellent and stable fire - prevention performance, low construction cost, no need for maintenance, and a service life equivalent to the building life cycle. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a self - fire - prevention system for building steel pipe columns to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, such as high cost of existing fire - prevention steel pipe columns, unstable fire - prevention performance, long construction period, and reduction of the effective use space of the building.

[0008] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A self - fire - prevention system for building steel pipe columns, comprising n hollow steel pipe columns, steel beams rigidly connected to the n hollow steel pipe columns, and n steam discharge pipes, where n≥1; tap water with 5‰ mass fraction of triethanolamine added is injected into each of the hollow steel pipe columns; one of the steam discharge pipes is communicated with the inner top of one of the hollow steel pipe columns, and all the steam discharge pipes are communicated with an external steam outlet pipe, and a safety valve is arranged on the steam outlet pipe, and the safety valve is arranged higher than the building floor surface.

[0010] Further, it also includes a high - level water tank arranged above the hollow steel pipe column, a check valve, and n water injection pipes. The check valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe of the high - level water tank and is arranged higher than the building floor surface. One of the water injection pipes is communicated with the upper part inside one of the hollow steel pipe columns, and the water outlet pipe of the high - level water tank is respectively communicated with the n water injection pipes.

[0011] Further, it also includes a first horizontal connecting pipe buried in the building floor surface, and each water injection pipe is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the high - level water tank through the first horizontal connecting pipe.

[0012] Further, a second horizontal connecting pipe is buried in the building floor surface, and each steam discharge pipe is communicated with the external steam outlet pipe through the second horizontal connecting pipe.

[0013] Further, the high - level water tank, the water injection pipes, the steam discharge pipes, the first horizontal connecting pipe, and the second horizontal connecting pipe are all made of 304 stainless steel.

[0014] Further, it also includes a condenser. The condenser is arranged between the steam outlet pipe and the high - level water tank. The steam outlet pipe is communicated with the condenser, and the condenser is communicated with the high - level water tank.

[0015] Further, the hollow steel pipe column is a circular steel pipe or a rectangular steel pipe column.

[0016] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] The self - fire - prevention system of the present utility model is efficient and stable. It prevents the steel column from heating up by the heat absorption, heat storage, and evaporation of water, and the heat transfer gradient effect can also prevent the beam - column joints and a certain area at the beam ends from heating up, ensuring the safety of the main structure of the building; the system has a long working life and is maintenance - free and replacement - free during use; it saves the cost of fire - prevention materials, increases the effective usable space of the building, saves the cost of secondary decoration, and shortens the building construction time; it avoids the inconvenience caused by replacing the fire - prevention material performance after it fails during the building use period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiment will be briefly introduced below.

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the temperatures of the hollow steel pipe columns and steel beams at the time of a fire in the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 Self - fire - prevention system diagram of the building hollow steel pipe column provided in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0021] Icon: 1 - hollow steel pipe column, 2 - steel beam, 3 - elevated water tank, 31 - water outlet pipe, 4 - check valve, 5 - water injection pipe, 6 - first horizontal connection, 7 - building surface layer, 8 - second horizontal connection pipe, 9 - steam discharge pipe, 10 - steam outlet pipe, 11 - safety valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] A self - fire - prevention system for building steel pipe columns includes n hollow steel pipe columns, steel beams rigidly connected to the n hollow steel pipe columns, and n steam discharge pipes, where n≥1; tap water with 5‰ by mass of triethanolamine added is injected into each hollow steel pipe column; one steam discharge pipe is connected to the inner top of one hollow steel pipe column, the steam discharge pipe is connected to the steam outlet pipe outside, and a safety valve is provided on the steam outlet pipe, and the safety valve is arranged higher than the building surface layer.

[0025] Water is the substance with the highest heat storage per unit weight and is the most commonly used heat transfer medium. The self - fire - prevention system of this application makes full use of this characteristic. At the initial stage of a fire, the water in the hollow steel pipe column will absorb and store the heat of the steel pipe through the heat transfer effect. When the fire lasts for a long time, the water in the hollow steel pipe column may boil, and the generated steam escapes from the safety valve, thereby taking away a large amount of heat. Before the water in the hollow steel pipe column evaporates completely, the temperature of the hollow steel pipe column always remains below 100°C, and this time is much greater than 4 hours. At the same time, due to the heat transfer gradient effect, the temperature in a relatively long range at the beam ends of the steel beams connected to the hollow steel pipe columns will be lower than 250°C, as shown in the attached Figure 1 temperature schematic diagram; during the fire, the strength of the hollow steel pipe columns and the beam ends of the steel beams does not decrease, ensuring the safety of the main body of the building structure.

[0026] 5‰ by mass of triethanolamine is added to the tap water in the hollow steel pipe column, and the water is weakly alkaline (pH value = 10), and a passivation film will be formed on the surface of the steel, avoiding electrochemical corrosion of the steel.

[0027] If it is necessary to particularly extend the fire protection time, a high-position water tank and n water injection pipes can be arranged above the hollow steel pipe column. One water injection pipe is connected to the upper part inside one hollow steel pipe column, and the water outlet pipe on the high-position water tank is connected to the n water injection pipes; a check valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe of the high-position water tank, and the check valve is arranged higher than the building surface layer. When the tap water volume in the hollow steel pipe column is insufficient, water is supplemented into the hollow steel pipe column through the high-position water tank to extend the fire protection time.

[0028] When other functional areas need to be used on the building roof, a connecting pipe can be arranged between the hollow steel pipe columns. In this embodiment, a first horizontal connecting pipe and a second horizontal connecting pipe are also arranged. The first horizontal connecting pipe and the second horizontal connecting pipe are buried in the building surface layer. The first horizontal connecting pipe connects the n hollow steel pipe columns with the water outlet pipe of the high-position water tank, and the second horizontal connecting pipe connects the n steam discharge pipes with the external steam outlet pipe.

[0029] The high-position water tank, the water injection pipes, the steam discharge pipes, the first horizontal connecting pipe, and the second horizontal connecting pipe are all made of 304 stainless steel.

[0030] In this embodiment, a condenser is also arranged between the steam outlet pipe and the high-position water tank. The steam outlet pipe is connected to the condenser, and the condenser is connected to the high-position water tank. The condenser is used to condense the evaporated steam and then transport it to the high-position water tank for recycling.

[0031] Perform a cost calculation on the fireproof coating and the fireproof board for fire protection of the existing technology and the self-fireproof system of the present utility model.

[0032] A 12-story public building with a floor height of 4.5 meters, a total height of 55 meters, a first-class building fire resistance rating, and the size of the steel pipe column is 800×800 mm.

[0033] The cost of fire protection treatment using the fireproof coating of the existing technology: the thickness of the gypsum-based fireproof coating is 50 mm, the thickness of the decoration with aluminum plate and keel wrapping is 50 mm, the column size after decoration is 1000×1000 mm, and the fireproof and decoration cost per linear meter is 1800 yuan.

[0034] The cost of fire protection treatment using the fireproof board for enclosure: the thickness of the rock wool and the fireproof board is 65 mm, the column size after scraping putty and spraying latex paint for decoration is 940×940 mm, and the fireproof and decoration cost per linear meter is 1400 yuan.

[0035] The cost of treatment using the self-fireproof system of the present utility model: the hollow steel pipe column is filled with tap water (containing 5‰ triethanolamine), and a water injection pipe, a safety valve, a check valve, a first connecting pipe, and a second connecting pipe are arranged at the top of the steel pipe column. The cost per linear meter is 30 yuan.

[0036] In summary, the self - fire - proof system of the building hollow steel pipe column in this application can prevent the hollow steel pipe column from heating up through the heat absorption, heat storage and evaporation of water, and the heat transfer gradient effect can also prevent the beam - column joints and a certain area at the beam ends from heating up, which not only ensures the safety of the main structure but also greatly saves costs.

Claims

1. A self-fire protection system for building steel pipe columns, characterized in that: It comprises n hollow steel pipe columns, steel beams rigidly connected to the n hollow steel pipe columns and n steam exhaust pipes, wherein n≥1; tap water with a mass fraction of 5‰ triethanolamine added is injected into each of the hollow steel pipe columns; a steam exhaust pipe is connected to the top of a hollow steel pipe column, the steam exhaust pipe is connected to an external steam outlet pipe, a safety valve is arranged on the steam outlet pipe, and the safety valve is arranged above the building surface layer.

2. The building steel pipe column self-fire protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a high-level water tank and n water injection pipes arranged above the hollow steel pipe column; one of the water injection pipes is connected to the upper inner part of the hollow steel pipe column, and the water outlet pipe on the high-level water tank is connected to the n water injection pipes; a check valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe on the high-level water tank, and the check valve is arranged above the building surface layer.

3. The building steel pipe column self-fire protection system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It also includes a first horizontal connecting pipe, which is buried in the building surface layer and connects the n hollow steel pipe columns with the water outlet pipe of the high-level water tank.

4. The building steel pipe column self-fire protection system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes a second horizontal connecting pipe; the second horizontal connecting pipe is buried in the building surface layer, and the second horizontal connecting pipe connects the n steam exhaust pipes with the external steam outlet pipes.

5. The building steel pipe column self-fire protection system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The high-level water tank, the water injection pipe, the steam exhaust pipe, the first horizontal connecting pipe and the second horizontal connecting pipe are all made of 304 stainless steel.

6. The building steel pipe column self-fire protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a condenser, which is arranged between the steam outlet pipe and the high-level water tank. The steam outlet pipe is connected to the condenser, and the condenser is connected to the high-level water tank.

7. The building steel pipe column self-fire protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hollow steel pipe column is a round steel pipe or a rectangular steel pipe column.

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