Antenna and terminal device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna and terminal equipment, the terminal equipment comprises an antenna system, at least part of a first radiator of a first antenna of the antenna system is distributed on a first side edge of a first main body, and at least part of a second radiator of a second antenna of the antenna system is located on a third side edge of the first main body. The inductive structure of the first antenna is connected between the first branch knot of the first radiator and the floor, and the first branch knot and the second branch knot of the first radiator are coupled through a capacitive structure. The first antenna and the second antenna are both used for supporting at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz. According to the invention, the compact layout in the terminal equipment can be satisfied, and relatively low signal loss and low ECC can be obtained for the first antenna and the second antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of radio frequency communication, and particularly relates to an antenna and a terminal device. Background Art

[0002] Terminal devices such as mobile phones need to achieve communication through the mobile communication network provided by operators, and also need to have other communication functions, such as: WIFI, Bluetooth, infrared, etc. For mobile phones, communication signals are transmitted and received through antennas. Since there are various communication methods for mobile phones, a relatively large number of antennas need to be arranged inside the mobile phones. Diversity / MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put) technology is a multi-antenna technology. It can make full use of spatial resources, achieve multiple transmissions and multiple receptions through multiple antennas, and can double the system channel capacity without increasing spectrum resources and antenna transmission power, showing obvious advantages and being regarded as the core technology of the next generation of mobile communication. The ECC (Envelop Correlation Coefficient) of the antenna radiation pattern is an important parameter for measuring the diversity gain of a multi-antenna system. The multi-antenna system requires that each antenna unit has a small correlation, that is, low ECC (low signal correlation coefficient) means high system diversity gain.

[0003] In the design of antennas inside terminal devices, due to the limited size and space of terminal devices, the layout of antennas has become the difficulty and focus of the design. Especially for low-frequency antennas (for example, antennas with a communication frequency band in the range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz), the size of low-frequency antennas is relatively large. How to arrange the low-frequency main set antenna and the low-frequency diversity antenna inside the terminal device to meet the compact layout, obtain low signal loss and low ECC is an urgent problem to be solved in the industry currently. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] This application provides an antenna and a terminal device, which can realize the arrangement of an antenna system in a limited space, meet the compact layout, and be able to obtain low signal loss and low ECC.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, including a device body and an antenna system. The device body includes a first body, a second body, and a rotating shaft. The first body and the second body are connected by the rotating shaft so that the first body and the second body can be relatively folded or unfolded. The first body includes a first side, a second side, and a third side. The first side and the second side are oppositely arranged, and the third side is connected between the first side and the second side. The second side is used to arrange the rotating shaft. The antenna system includes a first antenna, a second antenna, and a radio frequency chip. The first antenna, the second antenna, and the radio frequency chip are all arranged in the first body. The first antenna is used to generate a first resonance, and the second antenna is used to generate a second resonance. The first antenna includes a first radiator and a first feeding structure. At least part of the first radiator is distributed on the first side. The second antenna includes a second radiator and a second feeding structure. At least part of the second radiator is distributed on the third side. The first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are electrically connected to the radio frequency chip. The first antenna further includes an inductive structure and a capacitive structure. The first radiator includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch and at least part of the second branch are spaced apart and distributed in different regions of the first side. At least part of the second branch is located on one side of the first branch adjacent to the third side. One end of the first branch away from the second branch is an open end. The first branch includes a first feeding point, a first position, and a first end. The first feeding point is electrically connected to the first feeding structure. The inductive structure is electrically connected between the first position and the ground plane. The second branch includes a second end and a grounding point. The grounding point and the second end are spaced apart. The second end and the first end are coupled through the capacitive structure.

[0006] In this solution, by arranging the first antenna, the second antenna, and the radio frequency antenna in the first body, the signal transmission path of the antenna signal does not need to pass through the rotating shaft, meeting the requirements of a compact layout and being conducive to achieving a lower signal loss of the antenna system. In this solution, by arranging the first radiator and the second radiator on the adjacent first side and third side respectively, the current directions excited by the first antenna and the second antenna can be made orthogonal, and the modes excited by the first antenna and the second antenna can be made orthogonal longitudinal mode and transverse mode. Specifically, the first antenna excites the longitudinal mode of the first side, and the second antenna excites the transverse mode of the third side. These two modes are orthogonal, obtaining a lower ECC.

[0007] In this solution, by setting an inductive structure and a capacitive structure in the first antenna, the overall length of the first radiator of the first antenna can be made to satisfy that the position of the open end of the first stub can approach the middle position of the first side, which can enhance the longitudinal (along the extension direction of the first side) component of the first antenna, that is, make the longitudinal mode more obvious. The inductive structure can reduce the electric field strength at the position of the open end of the first stub. By reducing the electric field strength at the open end of the first stub, the performance of the first antenna is improved. Specifically, it is beneficial to reduce the influence of the hand model and improve the hand model performance of the first antenna. This solution is conducive to obtaining a lower ECC by introducing the inductive structure and the capacitive structure.

[0008] In one implementation, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz.

[0009] In one implementation, the frequency band of the second resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz.

[0010] In one possible implementation, one of the first antenna and the second antenna is the main set antenna, and the other of the first antenna and the second antenna is the diversity antenna. Combining the resonance frequency bands of the first antenna and the second antenna, it can be determined that the first antenna is the low-frequency main set antenna and the second antenna is the low-frequency diversity antenna. In this solution, by distributing the radiators of the low-frequency main set antenna and the low-frequency diversity antenna on the first side and the third side, an internal antenna layout solution for a structurally compact terminal device is obtained by using the sides of the terminal device to arrange the antenna system.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the antenna system includes a circuit-cut TAS switch, and the circuit-cut TAS switch is used to switch between the first antenna and the second antenna so that the first antenna can be the main set antenna or the diversity antenna, and the second antenna can be the diversity antenna or the main set antenna. In this solution, by setting the connection between the circuit-cut TAS switch and the first antenna and the second antenna, the main set antenna and the diversity antenna can be flexibly arranged, which can be set according to the requirements of the usage environment and is beneficial to the optimization of the performance of the antenna system.

[0012] In one possible implementation, all regions of the second stub are distributed on the first side, and the grounding point is located at a position where the second stub is adjacent to the third side. In this solution, the first antenna excites the longitudinal mode of the first side, and the second antenna excites the transverse mode of the third side. These two modes are orthogonal, which is beneficial to obtaining a lower ECC. Specifically, the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna can be 0.28.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the first feeding point, the first position, and the first end are arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the first side on the first stub. The first stub portion from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance. The frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is f', and the first resonance is f1, where 35% ≤ f' / f1 ≤ 60%. By restricting the ratio range of the frequency difference between the first resonance and the third resonance to the first resonance, this solution is beneficial to ensuring that the antenna has good radiation efficiency and can avoid the efficiency pit of the antenna caused by the third resonance approaching the first resonance position.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz. The first feeding point, the first position, and the first end are arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the first side on the first stub. The first stub portion from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance. The frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is within the range of 300 MHz - 500 MHz. By restricting the frequency difference range between the first resonance and the third resonance, this solution can avoid the efficiency pit of the antenna caused by the third resonance approaching the first resonance position.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the sum of the electrical length from the first feeding point to the first position and the electrical length of the inductive structure is one - quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the third resonance. The inductive structure introduced in the first antenna in this solution has a role of high - loading the three - quarter mode. By raising the frequency point position of the three - quarter mode, it can avoid the efficiency pit between the two resonances falling within the target frequency band due to the proximity of the resonance of the three - quarter mode and the first resonance position. It can also realize a quarter - mode resonance mode from the first feeding point through the inductive structure to the ground. It can also be understood that it realizes exciting the inductive structure to generate a C - mode resonance. The open end of the first stub of the first radiator is the end of the first stub far from the second stub and is the thumb area of the hand - model. That is, in the use state, the open end of the first stub is the position touched by the thumb when being held. The stronger the electric field at the open end of the first stub, the greater the influence of the hand - model loading and absorption. Therefore, by reducing the electric field strength at the open end of the first stub, the performance of the first antenna can be improved. And in this application, by electrically connecting the inductive structure between the first stub and the ground plane to form a quarter - mode resonance mode, it can lower the electric field strength at the open end of the first stub, which is beneficial to reducing the influence of the hand - model and improving the hand - model performance of the first antenna.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the first feeding point, the first position, and the first end are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the first side on the first stub. The first stub portion from the first feeding point to the first position, together with the inductive structure, is configured to generate a third resonance. The frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is between 300 MHz and 500 MHz. For example, in one embodiment, the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is between 350 MHz and 450 MHz. Another example, in one embodiment, the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is 400 MHz ± 20 MHz. This solution restricts the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance, limiting the frequency difference range to between 300 MHz and 500 MHz. By restricting the position of the third resonance, this solution avoids the antenna efficiency pit caused by the third resonance approaching the first resonance position.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the inductive structure includes a first connection segment, a second connection segment, and a main stub connected between the first connection segment and the second connection segment. The first connection segment is connected between one end of the main stub and the ground plane, and the second connection segment is connected between the other end of the main stub and the first position. In this solution, the main stub is designed as a metal strip or bar structure, and the gap between the frame and the main board of the terminal device can be used to arrange the main stub, which is beneficial to saving space inside the terminal device. The connection between the main stub and the ground plane and between the main stubs can be achieved by welding the second connection segment and by using conductive glue. The connection between the main stub and the first stub can be achieved by welding the first connection segment and by using conductive glue, which is easy for assembly operation.

[0018] In one embodiment, the main stub can be integrally formed with the middle frame of the terminal device. In one embodiment, the main stub and the first stub of the first radiator are integrally formed, and the length range of the main stub can be between 20 mm and 30 mm.

[0019] In a possible implementation, in the extension direction of the first stub, the first connection segment is located between the second connection segment and the first feeding point. In a possible implementation, in the extension direction of the first stub, the second connection segment is located between the first connection segment and the first feeding point.

[0020] In a possible implementation, in the extension direction of the first stub, the first connection segment is located between the second connection segment and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connection segment and the first end is less than or equal to one-sixteenth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance. By restricting the upper limit of the distance between the second connection segment and the first end, this solution is beneficial to improving the hand model performance of the first antenna.

[0021] In a possible implementation, in the extending direction of the first stub, the first connection segment is located between the second connection segment and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connection segment and the first end is less than or equal to one quarter of the length of the first stub. In a specific solution, the distance between the second connection segment and the first end is less than or equal to one eighth of the length of the first stub.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the inductive structure includes a lumped inductor device, and the lumped inductor device is electrically connected between the first position and the ground plane. By arranging the lumped inductor device between the first position and the ground plane in this solution, it is convenient to adjust the inductance value or electrical length of the inductive structure, and it is also convenient to adjust the position where the lumped inductor device is connected to the first stub, that is, the first position can be set according to specific requirements. Therefore, this solution is beneficial to making the inductive structure easier to be used to improve the antenna efficiency of the antenna in the target frequency band, thereby improving the handset model performance of the first antenna.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extending direction of the first stub and the first end is less than or equal to one eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance. By restricting the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure on the first stub and the first end in this solution, it is beneficial to adjust the electric fields at the open end and the first end of the first stub.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz; the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extending direction of the first stub and the first end is less than or equal to 20 mm; or, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extending direction of the first stub and the first end is less than or equal to one half of the length of the first stub.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extending direction of the first stub and the first end is less than or equal to three eighths of the length of the first stub.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extending direction of the first stub and the first end is less than or equal to 15 mm.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is a fixed value, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 4 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH. In a possible implementation, the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is adjustable, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 2 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH. By restricting the inductance value of the inductive structure in this application, it is beneficial to adjust the electric field strength at the open end of the first stub through the inductive structure, reduce the loading and absorption effects of the hand model, and improve the performance of the hand model. When the inductance of the inductive structure is a fixed value, it can be an optimization for one frequency band with less impact on other frequency bands. When the inductance of the inductive structure is adjustable, different inductance values can be configured for different frequency bands for optimization by frequency band, and the inductance value range is larger.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the length of the first stub is between one - quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and one - half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and the length of the second stub is between one - sixth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and one - quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance. By restricting the electrical lengths of the first stub and the second stub in the embodiments of this application, it is beneficial to adjust the electric fields at two positions, namely, the open end of the first stub and the first end.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the ratio range of the length of the first stub to the length of the second stub is: greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the range of the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure is greater than or equal to 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF. By setting the capacitive structure and restricting the range of the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure in this solution, it is beneficial to adjust the electric fields at two positions, namely, the open end of the first stub and the first end.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the capacitive structure includes a capacitive device. The capacitive device is located inside the terminal device near the first side edge and is disposed on the circuit board. Two ends of the capacitive device are electrically connected to the first end and one end of the second stub adjacent to the first end respectively.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the antenna system further includes parasitic stubs. The parasitic stub antenna is disposed on the second body. When the terminal device is in the folded state, the parasitic stub and the first antenna are stacked. The parasitic stub includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch and the second branch are spaced apart. One end of the first branch adjacent to the second branch is grounded, and one end of the second branch away from the first branch is grounded. When the terminal device is in the folded state, the first branch and the first stub are stacked and facing each other, and the second branch and the second stub are stacked and facing each other. In this solution, by setting the parasitic stub, the parasitic stub can be excited to generate C-mode resonance, improving the handset model performance.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the antenna system further includes an inductance structure. The inductance structure is connected between the parasitic stub and the ground plane. The setting of the inductance structure can adjust the electric field at the gap positions at both ends of the first branch, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the right-hand mode of the antenna system.

[0034] In a possible implementation, all parts of the second radiator are located on the third side. In this solution, by restricting all parts of the second radiator to be located on the third side, it is beneficial to exciting the transverse mode of the third side by the second antenna, making the mode of the second antenna orthogonal to the mode of the first antenna and obtaining a lower ECC.

[0035] In a possible implementation, a second feeding point is provided on the second radiator. The second feeding point is electrically connected to the second feeding structure. The first end of the second radiator is an open end, and the second end of the second radiator is a grounded end. Compared with the open end of the second radiator, the grounded end is adjacent to the second side. The extending direction of the second radiator is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first side.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the grounded end of the second radiator is adjacent to the second side, and the second feeding point of the second radiator is located between the first side and the second side.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the second radiator extends from the first side to the third side. The second radiator includes a first part and a second part interconnected as a whole. The second part is located on the third side, and the first part is located on the first side. One end of the first part away from the second part is connected to the second stub of the first radiator and grounded. The second feeding point of the second radiator is located on the second part.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the first body further includes a fourth side, the fourth side is disposed opposite to the third side, the antenna system further includes a third antenna, and the operating frequency band of the third antenna includes at least one communication band within the frequency range of 1700 MHz - 2700 MHz; the third antenna includes a third radiator and a third feeding structure, and the third feeding structure is electrically connected to the RF chip;

[0039] At least part of the third radiator is distributed on the fourth side; or, at least part of the third radiator is distributed on the first side, and the third radiator distributed on the first side is located on the side of the first radiator away from the third side.

[0040] In a possible implementation, a button is provided on the first side, the button is located on the side of the first branch away from the second branch, there is an insulating gap between the button and the first branch, and part of the third radiator is located at the button.

[0041] In a possible implementation, at least part of the third radiator is located on the third side and at a position between the second radiator and the first radiator.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the terminal device is a smart phone; or, when the terminal device is in a folded state, the first side is the long side, the third side is the short side, the size range of the first side is less than or equal to 170 mm, and the size range of the third side is less than or equal to 80 mm.

[0043] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, including a first feeding structure, a first radiator, an inductive structure, and a capacitive structure. The first radiator includes a first branch and a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are spaced apart from each other, and the end of the first branch away from the second branch is an open end. The first branch includes a first feeding point, a first position, and a first end. The first feeding point is electrically connected to the first feeding structure, the inductive structure is electrically connected between the first position and the ground plane, the second branch includes a second end and a grounding point, the grounding point and the second end are spaced apart, and the second end and the first end are coupled through the capacitive structure. The antenna is used to generate a first resonance; the part of the first branch from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance, the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is f', the first resonance is f1, where 35% ≤ f' / f1 ≤ 60%. This solution is beneficial to ensuring that the antenna has good radiation efficiency and can avoid the efficiency pit of the antenna caused by the third resonance approaching the first resonance position by restricting the ratio range of the frequency difference between the first resonance and the third resonance to the first resonance.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the inductive structure includes a first connection segment, a second connection segment, and a main branch connected between the first connection segment and the second connection segment. The first connection segment is connected between one end of the main branch and the ground plane, and the second connection segment is connected between the other end of the main branch and the first position.

[0045] In a possible implementation, in the extending direction of the first branch, the first connection segment is located between the second connection segment and the first feeding point; or, the second connection segment is located between the first connection segment and the first feeding point.

[0046] In a possible implementation, in the extending direction of the first branch, the first connection segment is located between the second connection segment and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connection segment and the first end is less than or equal to one-fourth of the length of the first branch.

[0047] In a possible implementation, in the extending direction of the first branch, the first connection segment is located between the second connection segment and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connection segment and the first end is less than or equal to one-eighth of the length of the first branch.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the inductive structure includes a lumped inductor device, and the lumped inductor device is electrically connected between the first position and the ground plane.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extending direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extending direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to one-half of the length of the first branch.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extending direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to three-eighths of the length of the first branch.

[0052] In a possible implementation, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz. In an implementation, the frequency band of the second resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz.

[0053] In a possible implementation, the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is a fixed value, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 4 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH; alternatively, the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is adjustable, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 2 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH. When the inductance of the inductive structure is a fixed value, it can be optimized for one frequency band and has little impact on other frequency bands. When the inductance of the inductive structure is adjustable, different inductance values can be configured for different frequency bands for optimization by frequency band, and the inductance value range is larger.

[0054] In a possible implementation, the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is in the range of 300 MHz - 500 MHz.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the length of the first stub is between one - quarter and one - half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and the length of the second stub is between one - sixth and one - quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the ratio range of the length of the first stub to the length of the second stub is: greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

[0057] In a possible implementation, the range of the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure is greater than or equal to 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF.

[0058] In a possible implementation, when the frequency of the first resonance is 960 MHz, the range of the frequency of the three - quarter - mode excited by the antenna is: between 135% and 160% of the frequency of the first resonance. Description of the Drawings

[0059] Figure 1A Schematic diagram of a position of a terminal device provided for an implementation during the process of transitioning from a flattened state to a folded state;

[0060] Figure 1B For Figure 1A Schematic diagram of the terminal device shown in the folded state;

[0061] Figure 2A Schematic diagram of a position of a terminal device provided for an implementation during the process of transitioning from a flattened state to a folded state;

[0062] Figure 2B For Figure 2A Schematic diagram of the terminal device shown in the folded state;

[0063] Figure 3ASchematic diagram of a position of a terminal device provided for an implementation manner during the conversion from a flattened state to a folded state;

[0064] Figure 3B For Figure 3A Schematic diagram of the terminal device shown in the folded state;

[0065] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the hardware architecture of the antenna system in the terminal device provided for an implementation manner of the present application;

[0066] Figure 5A Planar schematic diagram of the antenna system of the terminal device provided for an implementation manner of the present application;

[0067] Figure 5B For Figure 5A Current distribution diagrams of each resonance mode of the first antenna in the implementation manner shown;

[0068] Figure 6 Planar schematic diagram of the partial structural position relationship of the terminal device provided for an implementation manner of the present application and current distribution diagrams of each resonance mode of the first antenna;

[0069] Figure 7 Planar schematic diagram of the partial structural position relationship of the terminal device provided for an implementation manner of the present application;

[0070] Figure 8 Planar schematic diagram of the partial structural position relationship of the terminal device provided for an implementation manner of the present application;

[0071] Figure 9A Planar schematic diagram of the antenna system of the terminal device provided for an implementation manner of the present application;

[0072] Figure 9B Planar schematic diagram of the antenna system of the terminal device provided for an implementation manner of the present application;

[0073] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of S22 (output matching) of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna system in the terminal device provided for an implementation manner of the present application;

[0074] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the total efficiency and radiation efficiency of the system of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna system in the terminal device provided for an implementation manner of the present application;

[0075] Figure 12 Comparison schematic diagram of setting and not setting the inductive structure in the first antenna of the antenna system in the terminal device provided for an implementation manner of the present application;

[0076] Figure 13The connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment provided by one embodiment of the present application and Figure 5B a comparison schematic diagram of the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 6 ; a comparison schematic diagram of the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in

[0077] Figure 14 The architecture diagram of the antenna system in the terminal device provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Figure 15 For Figure 14 the curve diagram of S22 (output matching) of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna system in the terminal device provided by the embodiment shown in

[0079] Figure 16 For Figure 14 the schematic curve diagram of the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna system in the terminal device provided by the embodiment shown in

[0080] Figure 17 The schematic diagram of the antenna system when the terminal device is in the state where the first body and the second body are relatively folded;

[0081] Figure 18 The schematic diagram of the antenna system when the terminal device is in the state where the first body and the second body are relatively folded;

[0082] Figure 19 For Figure 17 the S11 curve of the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in Figure 18 and the comparison diagram of the S11 curves of the antenna systems provided by the embodiments shown in

[0083] Figure 20 For Figure 17 the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in Figure 18 and the comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in

[0084] Figure 21 For Figure 17 the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in Figure 18 and the comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in Specific embodiments

[0085] Explanation of some terms

[0086] C-mode and D-mode: They are defined according to the direction of the current generated in the antenna. When the current generated on the antenna radiator diverges from the ground point in all directions (for example, the symmetrically flowing current with the ground point as the base point), it is defined as the C-mode of the antenna; when the currents generated on the antenna radiator flow in the same direction, it is defined as the D-mode of the antenna. Taking the patch antenna as an example, the patch antenna operating in the C-mode requires at least one ground point. When the ground point is at a certain distance from the periphery of the patch antenna radiator, with the ground point as the base point, the current generated on the patch antenna radiator flows symmetrically and diverges in all directions, and its radiation is jointly realized by the patch antenna radiator and the ground plane; the patch antenna operating in the D-mode does not require a ground point (it should be understood that the patch antenna operating in the D-mode can also have a ground point), and the currents generated on its patch antenna radiator flow in the same direction, and the radiation is mainly realized by the patch antenna radiator.

[0087] Coupling: It can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as direct coupled connection and / or indirect coupled connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines such as copper foils or wires of a printed circuit board (PCB) that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as the electrical conduction of two conductors in a non-contact manner through air. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling. For example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through the coupling between the gaps separating two conductive members.

[0088] Radiator (or antenna stub): It is a device in the antenna used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, "antenna" is narrowly understood as the radiator (or antenna stub), which converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted through the feeder line to the transmitting radiator (or antenna stub), and through the radiator (or antenna stub), it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization and radiated in the required direction. The receiving radiator (or antenna stub) converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy, and transmits it through the feeder line to the input end of the receiver.

[0089] The radiator (or antenna stub) may include a conductor having a specific shape and size, such as linear, sheet-like, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the linear radiator (or antenna stub) may be simply referred to as a wire antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator may be implemented by a conductive frame, and may also be referred to as a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator (or antenna stub) may be implemented by a support conductor, and may also be referred to as a support antenna. In one embodiment, the wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) of the linear radiator, or the radiator of the wire antenna, is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is around 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of wire antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave dipole antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, inverted-F antennas (also known as IFA, Inverted F Antenna), and planar inverted-F antennas (also known as PIFA, Planar Inverted F Antenna). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating stubs, and each stub is fed by a feeding portion from the feeding end of the radiating stub. For example, an inverted-F antenna (Inverted-F Antenna, IFA) can be regarded as obtained by adding a grounding path to a monopole antenna. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is in the shape of an inverted F. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna stub) may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna stub) may be implemented by a planar conductor (such as a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna stub) may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna stub) may include a conductive coating, such as silver paste, etc. The shape of the sheet radiator includes circular, rectangular, annular, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator (or antenna stub), and a ground plane, where the dielectric substrate is disposed between the radiator (or antenna stub) and the ground plane.

[0090] The radiator (or antenna stub) may also include a slot or a slit formed on a conductor. For example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slit is formed on a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, the slotted or slit radiator may be simply referred to as a slot antenna or a slit antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slit of the slot antenna / slit antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is around 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, the radiator with a closed slot or slit may be simply referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, the radiator with a semi-closed slot or slit (e.g., adding an opening to the closed slot or slit) may be simply referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the shape of the slit is elongated. In some embodiments, the length of the slit is about half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the length of the slit is about an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slit can be fed by a transmission line bridged on one or both of its sides. Thus, a radio frequency electromagnetic field is excited on the slit, and electromagnetic waves are radiated into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of the slot antenna or the slit antenna can be realized by a conductive frame grounded at both ends, and can also be referred to as a frame antenna; in this embodiment, it can be considered that the slot antenna or the slit antenna includes a linear radiator, the linear radiator is spaced from the floor and grounded at both ends of the radiator, so as to form a closed or semi-closed slot or slit. In one embodiment, the radiator of the slot antenna or the slit antenna can be realized by a support conductor grounded at both ends, and can also be referred to as a support antenna.

[0091] The feed source / feed circuit is a combination of all circuits for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals. The feed circuit may include a transceiver and an RF front end circuit. In some cases, "feed circuit" is narrowly understood as an RFIC (Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), and the RFIC can be considered to include an RF front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). Generally, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency. The feed circuit may include a transmit path and a receive path to implement the transceiver function of the radio frequency signals of the antenna system. The antenna system in the terminal device provided in this application includes a feed source and at least two antennas, and the feed circuit includes a transmit path and at least two sets of receive paths.

[0092] In some embodiments, the electronic device may further include a test socket (or referred to as a radio frequency socket or radio frequency test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the radio frequency front-end circuit or the radiator of the antenna through the cable. The radio frequency front-end circuit can be considered as the circuit part coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0093] In some embodiments, the radio frequency front-end circuit in the electronic device can be integrated into a radio frequency front-end chip, or the radio frequency front-end circuit and the transceiver can be integrated into a radio frequency chip in the electronic device.

[0094] It should be understood that any two of the first / second / ... / Nth feeding circuits in the present application can share the same transceiver. For example, signals can be transmitted through a radio frequency channel (e.g., a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip) in a transceiver; they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit. For example, signals are processed by a switch or an amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0095] It should also be understood that two feeding circuits among the first / second / ... / Nth feeding circuits in the present application usually correspond to two radio frequency test sockets in the electronic device.

[0096] The matching circuit is a circuit related to adjusting the radiation characteristics of the antenna. In one embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the feeding circuit and the corresponding radiator. Usually, the matching circuit is coupled between the test socket and the radiator. In one embodiment, the matching circuit has the functions of impedance matching and / or frequency tuning. Usually, it is considered as part of the antenna.

[0097] The tuning circuit is a circuit related to adjusting the resonant frequency of the antenna. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit is coupled between the radiator and the ground plane. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit is coupled between the feeding circuit and the radiator. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit has the functions of impedance matching and / or frequency tuning. Usually, it is considered as part of the antenna.

[0098] In one embodiment, the matching circuit / tuning circuit may include a switch and / or electronic components / devices. The switch can be an electronic component / device for switching the coupled connection of the radiator. The switch in the matching circuit / tuning circuit can also be referred to as an antenna switch. In one embodiment, the matching circuit / tuning circuit may include a filtering circuit.

[0099] The grounding structure / feeding structure. The grounding structure / feeding structure may include a connecting member, such as a metal shrapnel. The radiator is coupled to the ground plane through the grounding structure / and the feeding structure is coupled to the feeding circuit. In some embodiments, the feeding structure may include a transmission line / feeding wire, and the grounding structure may include a grounding wire.

[0100] A feeder line, also known as a transmission line, refers to the connecting line between the transceiver of an antenna and the radiator. The transmission line can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves depending on the frequency and form. The connection point on the radiator where the transmission line is connected is usually called the feeding point. The transmission line includes wire transmission lines, coaxial transmission lines, waveguides, or microstrip lines, etc. The transmission line can include a support antenna body, or a glass antenna body, etc. according to different implementation forms. The transmission line can be implemented by LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer), FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit), or PCB (Printed Circuit Board), etc. according to different carriers.

[0101] Ground / floor: It can generally refer to at least a part of any ground layer, or ground plane, or ground metal layer, etc. inside an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a part of any arbitrary combination of the above-mentioned ground layer, or ground plane, or ground component, etc. "Ground / floor" can be used for grounding components inside an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground / floor" can include any one or more of the following: the ground layer of the circuit board of the electronic device, the ground plane formed by the middle frame of the electronic device, the ground metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen, the conductive ground layer of the battery, and the conductive parts or metal parts electrically connected to the above-mentioned ground layer / ground plane / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-to-14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive materials, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric layers or insulating layers such as fiberglass, polymers, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a trace layer, and the trace layer and the ground layer are electrically connected through vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, a touch screen, an input button, a transmitter, a processor, a memory, a battery, a charging circuit, a system on chip (SoC) structure, etc. can be mounted on the circuit board or connected to the circuit board; or electrically connected to the trace layer and / or the ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source is arranged on the trace layer.

[0102] Any of the above-mentioned ground layer, or ground plane, or ground metal layer is made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any one of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin-plated copper, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a substrate coated with graphite, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate, and an aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art can understand that the ground layer / ground plane / ground metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0103] Grounding: It refers to the coupling with the above-mentioned ground / floor through a grounding structure and / or a grounding circuit. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding. For example, specific positions on the frame can be physically grounded (or referred to as physical ground) through some structural components of the middle frame. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding. For example, devices such as capacitors / inductors / resistors in series or parallel are used for grounding (or referred to as device ground).

[0104] Capacitance: It can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitor) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts with a certain gap between them.

[0105] Inductance: It can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed inductance (or distributed inductor) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a conductive part of a certain length. For example, the equivalent inductance formed by a conductor due to curling or rotation.

[0106] Resonance / resonant frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range where resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be the frequency range where the return loss characteristic is less than -6 dB. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20 dB. It should be understood that unless otherwise specified, in the "generating the first resonance" of the antenna / radiator mentioned in this application, the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or the lowest-frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator in a certain antenna mode. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to specific designs, and each antenna mode can correspondingly generate a fundamental mode resonance.

[0107] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band, and the return loss characteristic of any frequency point within the resonant frequency band can be less than -6 dB or -5 dB.

[0108] Communication frequency band / operating frequency band: No matter what type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting Band 40 has an operating frequency band including frequencies in the range of 2300 MHz to 2400 MHz, or in other words, the operating frequency band of this antenna includes Band 40. The frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0109] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band can be the same or different, or their frequency ranges can partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna can cover one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0110] Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0111]

[0112] where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0113] Wavelength: Or the operating wavelength, which can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920 MHz to 1980 MHz) is 1955 MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955 MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, the "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non - center frequency of the resonant frequency or the operating frequency band.

[0114] It should be understood that the wavelength (operating wavelength) can be understood as the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium. For example, the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiator when transmitted in the medium and the wavelength when transmitted in a vacuum satisfy the following formula:

[0115]

[0116] where λε is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium, λc is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in a vacuum, and εr is the relative dielectric constant of the medium in the dielectric layer. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application usually refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920 MHz to 1980 MHz) is 1955 MHz, then the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955 MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, the "dielectric wavelength" can also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to a non - center frequency of the resonant frequency or the operating frequency band. For ease of understanding, the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one side or multiple sides of the radiator.

[0117] Terminal / Point: The "terminal / point" in the first terminal / second terminal / feeding terminal / grounding terminal / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of the antenna radiator should not be narrowly understood as the end point or end part that is physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered as a certain point or a certain section on the continuous radiator. In one embodiment, the "terminal / point" may include the connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feeding terminal / feeding point may be the coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to the feeding structure (for example, the area facing a part of the feeding structure), and for another example, the grounding terminal / grounding point may be the connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to the grounding structure.

[0118] Open end, Closed end: In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, in terms of whether they are grounded. The closed end is grounded and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductive bodies. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductive bodies and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductive bodies. In one embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a floating end, a free end, an open end, or an open circuit end. In one embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounding terminal or a short circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductive bodies can be coupled through the open end to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0119] In some embodiments, the understanding of the "closed end" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. The closed end or the grounding terminal, etc., can be understood as the large current point on the radiator or the small electric field point on the radiator; in one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (such as capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end can not change the current distribution characteristics of its large current point / small electric field point; in one embodiment, opening a slit (such as a slit filled with insulating material) at or near the closed end can not change the current distribution characteristics of its large current point / small electric field point.

[0120] In some embodiments, the understanding of the "open end" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. The open end or the floating end, etc., can be understood as the small current point on the radiator or the large electric field point on the radiator; in one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (such as capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can not change the current distribution characteristics of its small current point / large electric field point.

[0121] It should be understood that coupling an electronic device (such as a capacitor, an inductor, etc.) to the radiator end at a slit (from the structure of the radiator, similar to the opening of an open end or a floating end) can make the radiator end a large current point / small electric field point. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at this slit is actually a closed end or a grounding terminal, etc.

[0122] In the embodiments of the present application, the co-directional / counter-directional distribution of current should be understood as that the directions of the main currents on the conductors on the same side are co-directional / counter-directional. For example, when exciting a co-directional distributed current on a conductor in a bent shape or a ring shape (for example, the current path is also bent or ring-shaped), it should be understood that, for example, although the main currents excited on the conductors on both sides of a ring-shaped conductor (for example, the conductors around a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) are counter-directional in terms of direction, they still fall within the definition of the co-directional distributed current in the present application. In one embodiment, the co-directional current on a conductor may mean that there is no reverse point in the current on the conductor. In one embodiment, the counter-directional current on a conductor may mean that there is at least one reverse point in the current on the conductor. In one embodiment, the co-directional currents on two conductors may mean that there is no reverse point in the currents on both of these two conductors and they flow in the same direction. In one embodiment, the counter-directional currents on two conductors may mean that there is no reverse point in the currents on both of these two conductors and they flow in opposite directions. The co-directional / counter-directional currents on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0123] The limitations on position, distance, etc., such as the middle or the middle position mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, all represent a certain range. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor may refer to a section of the conductor including the midpoint on the conductor. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor may refer to a section of the conductor on the conductor whose distance from the midpoint is less than a predetermined threshold (for example, 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm).

[0124] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): It refers to the ratio of the input power to the output power at the port of the antenna.

[0125] Antenna radiation efficiency: It refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna into space (that is, the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Among them, the active power input to the antenna = the input power of the antenna - the loss power; the loss power mainly includes the return loss power, the ohmic loss power of the metal, and / or the dielectric loss power. The radiation efficiency is a value that measures the radiation ability of the antenna, and both the metal loss and the dielectric loss are influencing factors of the radiation efficiency.

[0126] Those skilled in the art can understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna is characterized.

[0127] Antenna return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the transmitted power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0128] The antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter can characterize the quality of the antenna transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means that in fact, the more energy enters the antenna, and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna; the larger the S11 parameter, the larger the antenna return loss, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna. It should be noted that in engineering, generally, the S11 value of -6 dB is used as a standard. When the S11 value of the antenna is less than -6 dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is good.

[0129] Diversity technology: Diversity technology refers to using a certain signal combining technology to combine the independent and uncorrelated samples carried by the same signal on different branches and output them, so as to reduce the adverse effects of channel fading on the receiving end. Diversity technology mainly transmits the same signal through different domains, and what needs to be done at the receiving end is to combine the same signal, so as to effectively improve the bit error rate performance. The concept of diversity can be simply explained as follows: If the signal in a wireless propagation path has experienced deep fading, while another relatively independent path may still contain a stronger signal, so that two or more signals can be selected from the multipath signals. The advantage of diversity is that it can improve both the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio and the average signal-to-noise ratio at the receiving end, usually by 2 - 3 dB. This is mainly due to the instability, complexity, and time-variability of the wireless channel.

[0130] MIMO technology: That is, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, which means using multiple transmit antennas and receive antennas at the transmitter and receiver respectively, so that the signal is transmitted and received through multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver, thereby improving the communication quality. It can make full use of space resources, achieve multiple-input multiple-output through multiple antennas, and can double the system channel capacity without increasing the spectrum resources and antenna transmission power, showing obvious advantages and being regarded as the core technology of the next generation of mobile communication.

[0131] Parallel: The parallelism defined in this application is not limited to absolute parallelism. This definition of parallelism can be understood as basic parallelism, which allows for non-absolute parallelism due to factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and the influence of structural flatness. Small angular errors are allowed. For example, an assembly error range of less than 10 degrees can be understood as a parallel relationship.

[0132] Vertical: The verticality defined in this application is not limited to an absolute vertical intersection relationship (angle of 90 degrees). It allows for non-absolute vertical intersection relationships caused by factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and influence of structural flatness. It also allows for errors in a small angle range. For example, the assembly error range of 80 to 100 degrees can be understood as a vertical relationship.

[0133] The terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0134] The following describes possible implementations of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in possible implementations of the present application.

[0135] A specific embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device. For example, the terminal device is a foldable device. During use, this mobile terminal is often held by a person's hand. In one embodiment, the terminal device is a smart phone. The term "foldable device" used herein refers to a device that can be folded and unfolded, and a terminal device that maintains a folded state or an unfolded state. In one embodiment, when the terminal device is in a folded state, the display interface is small, the overall size is small, and it is easy to carry. When the terminal device is flattened, it has a larger display interface. The terminal device provided in the specific embodiment of the present application can be a foldable device (such as Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 2A and Figure 2B As shown), it can also be a three-fold device (as shown Figure 3A and Figure 3B For example, when the terminal device is a foldable device, the flexible display module of the terminal device can be an inward folding structure (such as Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown), it can also be an outward folding structure (as shown Figure 2A and Figure 2B shown).

[0136] Figure 1A A schematic diagram of a terminal device in a position during a process of transitioning from a flattened state to a folded state provided in an embodiment, Figure 1B for Figure 1AThe terminal device is shown in the folded state. Figure 1A and Figure 1B In one embodiment, the terminal device 100 is a folding device of an inward folding scheme, and the terminal device 100 includes a device body 10 and a flexible display module 20. The flexible display module 20 is assembled on the surface of the device body 10. The device body 10 includes a first body 1, a second body 2 and a rotating shaft 3, and the rotating shaft 3 is located between the first body 1 and the second body 2, so that the first body 1 and the second body 2 can be relatively folded or flattened. The flexible display module 20 includes a first part 201, a second part 203 and a bending part 202 connecting the first part 201 and the second part 203. The first part 201 is connected to the first body 1, and the second part 203 is connected to the second body 2. In the process of relative folding of the first body 1 and the second body 2, the flexible display module 20 is located on the inner side of the folding direction. In the process of relative folding of the first body 1 and the second body 2, the first part 201 and the second part 203 are relatively folded, and the bending part 202 is bent and deformed. In the folded state, the flexible display module 20 is between the first body 1 and the second body 2, and the first part 201 and the second part 203 are stacked. Figure 1B In the diagram shown, the flexible display module 20 is blocked by the device body 10 and is not visible.

[0137] Figure 2A A schematic diagram of a terminal device in a position during a process of transitioning from a flattened state to a folded state provided in an embodiment, Figure 2B for Figure 2A The terminal device is shown in the folded state. Figure 2A and Figure 2B In one embodiment, the terminal device 100 is a folding device with an outward folding scheme. During the process of the first body 1 and the second body 2 of the device body 10 being relatively folded around the rotating shaft 3, the flexible display module 20 is located outside the folding direction, and the first body 1 and the second body 2 are relatively close to each other, so that in the folded state, the two are stacked. In the folded state, the flexible display module 20 is wrapped around the periphery of the device body 10.

[0138] Figure 3A A schematic diagram of a terminal device in a position during a process of transitioning from a flattened state to a folded state provided in an embodiment, Figure 3B for Figure 3A The terminal device is shown in the folded state. Figure 3A and Figure 3B, In one implementation, the terminal device 100 is a three-fold device. The device body 10 includes a first body 1, a second body 2, a rotating shaft 3, a rotating shaft 4, and a third body 5. The rotating shaft 3 is connected between the first body 1 and the second body 2, and the rotating shaft 4 is connected between the third body 5 and the second body 2. The flexible display module 20 includes a first portion 201, a bending portion 202, a second portion 203, a bending portion 204, and a third portion 205. The bending portion 202 is connected between the first portion 201 and the second portion 203, and the bending portion 204 is connected between the third portion 205 and the second portion 203. The first portion 201 is connected to the first body 1, the second portion 203 is connected to the second body 2, and the third portion 205 is connected to the third body 5. During the relative folding of the first body 1 and the second body 2, the first portion 201 and the second portion 203 are equivalent to an outward folding scheme, that is, the first portion 201 and the second portion 203 are located on the outer side of the folding direction. During the relative folding of the second body 2 and the third body 5, the second portion 203 and the third portion 205 are equivalent to an inward folding scheme, that is, the second portion 203 and the third portion 205 are located on the inner side of the folding direction. In the folded state, both the device body 10 and the flexible display module 20 are folded into a three-fold architecture, and the first body 1, the second body 2, and the third body 5 are stacked. In the folded state, the first portion 201 is located on the outer surface of the device body 10 for displaying an interface. The second portion 203 and the third portion 205 are clamped and hidden between the second body 2 and the third body 5.

[0139] Figure 3A and Figure 3B The illustrated implementation is a three-fold device with an S-shaped fold. The three-fold device with an S-shaped fold can be understood as that in the folded state, the second body 2 is stacked between the first body 1 and the third body 5. In other implementations, the terminal device can also be a three-fold device with a G-shaped fold. The three-fold device with a G-shaped fold can be understood as that the first body and the second body can be folded into a large U-shaped structure, and the third body is folded (or stacked) between the first body and the second body.

[0140] The terminal device is internally provided with an antenna system to realize the transceiver of communication signals. The antenna system can adopt multi-antenna technology. In one implementation, the antenna system can adopt the main diversity technology. For example, when applied in a mobile phone, the antenna system can be an application scenario of multi-transceiver (i.e., multi-path reception and multi-path transmission); when applied in a base station, the antenna system can be an application scenario of single-transceiver (i.e., single-path transmission and single-path reception) or multi-transceiver.

[0141] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the hardware architecture of the antenna system in a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the antenna system includes a baseband chip, a transceiver (also referred to as a radio frequency transceiver unit), a radio frequency front-end chip, a matching circuit, and a radiator. In one embodiment, the antenna system may further include a radio frequency socket, which is disposed between the radio frequency front-end chip and the matching circuit; the radio frequency socket may also be referred to as a radio frequency test socket. Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the number of radiators is two. It can be understood that the antenna system provided by this solution may adopt diversity technology. One of the radiators is the radiator of the main set antenna, and the other radiator is the radiator of the diversity antenna. Each radiator is connected to a matching circuit. The matching circuit can be used to achieve impedance matching of the signals transmitted and received by the radiator. The matching circuit can also be used to match the resonant frequency band of the radio frequency signal.

[0142] The radio frequency front-end chip includes a transmit path, a receive path, and a switch component. It should be understood that only the architecture of the radio frequency front-end chip in one embodiment is shown in the figure. In other embodiments, the radio frequency front-end chip may also have other architectures. In Figure 4 the embodiment shown, the transmit path includes a power amplifier, a duplexer, and a switch; the receive path includes a low-noise amplifier, a filter, and a switch. In one embodiment, the switch component includes a switch for circuit cutting TAS (Transmit Antenna Selection), an antenna tuning switch, etc. In one embodiment, the matching circuit may further include one or more of a circuit with a tuning function, a circuit with a filtering function, and a switching circuit.

[0143] Figure 4 The direction of the arrow on the signal transmission line in represents the direction of the signal flow. The signal interaction between the baseband chip and the transceiver is two-way. The transceiver can receive a communication signal from the baseband chip and send this communication signal to the transmit path. The communication signal sequentially passes through the power amplifier, the duplexer, and the switch in the transmit path. After the communication signal flows out of the transmit path, it passes through the switch component and is then transmitted to the position of the radio frequency socket. The radio frequency socket is electrically connected to the matching circuit, and the signal interaction between the two is also two-way. The communication signal is transmitted to the radiator after passing through the matching circuit. The communication signal received by the radiator can be transmitted to the radio frequency socket after passing through the matching circuit, and then from the position of the radio frequency socket to the radio frequency front-end chip. The communication signal enters the receive path after passing through the switch component and sequentially passes through the switch, the filter, and the low-noise amplifier in the receive path. After the transceiver receives the communication signal, it is transmitted to the baseband chip.

[0144] In one implementation, the RF front-end chip has multiple independent RF paths. For example, the number of transmit paths is one, and the number of receive paths is two. In other implementations, the RF front-end chip may include one or more transmit paths and one or more receive paths, and so on.

[0145] Figure 5A This is a schematic plan view of the antenna system of the terminal device provided by an implementation of this application. Refer to Figure 5A , the terminal device 100 provided by the embodiments of this application includes a device body 10 and an antenna system 30. The antenna system 30 is disposed in the device body 10. The device body can be Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B any device body shown in any implementation.

[0146] Refer to Figure 5A , the device body 10 includes a first body 1, a second body 2, and a rotating shaft 3. The first body 1 and the second body 2 are connected by the rotating shaft 3 so that the first body 1 and the second body 2 can be relatively folded or unfolded. Figure 5A In [reference], the first body 1, a part of the second body 2, and the rotating shaft 3 are represented by a dashed box, and the outer frame structure formed by two dashed lines represents the position corresponding to the middle frame of the terminal device 100 on the side. The first body 1 includes a first side 11, a second side 12, a third side 13, and a fourth side 14. The first side 11 and the second side 12 are oppositely arranged, the third side 13 and the fourth side 14 are oppositely arranged, the third side 13 is connected between the first side 11 and the second side 12, and the second side 12 is used for setting the rotating shaft 3. When the terminal device 100 is in the folded state, the first side 11 and the second side 12 are the parts held by the hand when held, especially the middle parts of the first side 11 and the second side 12 and the parts near the bottom of the middle are often held. In a specific implementation, the third side 13 is the edge of the bottom end of the terminal device 100, and the fourth side 14 is the edge of the top end of the terminal device 100. Since the second side 12 is the position where the rotating shaft 3 is located, it is not convenient to set the antenna at the position of the second side 12. The radiators in the antenna system 30 provided by this application can be distributed on the first side 11, the third side 13, and the fourth side 14.

[0147] In one implementation, the terminal device 100 provided by this application is a smart phone. In one implementation, when the terminal device 100 is in the folded state, the first side 11 is the long side, and the third side 13 is the short side. For example: the size range of the first side 11 is: less than or equal to 170 mm, and the size range of the third side 13 is: less than or equal to 80 mm.

[0148] Refer to Figure 5A In one embodiment, the terminal device 100 includes a middle frame 50. The part of the middle frame corresponding to the first side 11 is the first frame part 51, and the part of the middle frame corresponding to the second main body 2 is the second frame part 52. Figure 5A In the embodiment shown, the dashed box represents the middle frame 50. The first side 11, the second side 12, the third side 13, and the fourth side 14 in the first main body 1 are represented by the dashed lines of the outer edge of the dashed box.

[0149] In one embodiment, in the thickness direction of the terminal device 100, the size of the first frame part 51 is larger than the size of the second frame part 52.

[0150] In one embodiment, as Figure 2A and Figure 2B shown, the terminal device 100 is a folding device. The side of the first main body 1 away from the second main body 2 (i.e., the first frame part 51 corresponding to the first side 11) is a middle frame area with a larger size in the thickness direction. The radiator of the antenna system 30 is arranged in the first frame part 51. When the terminal device 100 is in the folded state, in the thickness direction, the side of the second main body 2 and the first frame part 51 are not in a stacked relationship, and the side of the second main body 2 is retracted relative to the first frame part 51, so that there is no obstruction on both sides of the first frame part 51 in the thickness direction. Arranging the radiator of the antenna system 30 at the position where the first frame part 51 is located is beneficial to improving the radiation performance of the antenna system and can also provide sufficient space for the layout of the radiator of the antenna system.

[0151] Refer to Figure 5A In one embodiment, the antenna system 30 includes a first antenna 31 for generating a first resonance, a second antenna 32 for generating a second resonance, and a radio frequency chip 33. The first antenna 31, the second antenna 32, and the radio frequency chip 33 are all arranged in the first main body 1, and the radio frequency chip 33 is electrically connected to the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32. In this embodiment, by arranging the radio frequency chip 33, the first antenna 31, and the second antenna 32 in the first main body 1, the signal transmission path between the radio frequency chip 33 and the controller (such as an SOC (system-on-chip)) in the terminal device 100 does not need to cross or pass through the rotating shaft 3, and the transmission lines between the radio frequency chip 33 and the first antenna 31, and between the radio frequency chip 33 and the second antenna 32 also do not need to cross or pass through the rotating shaft, which is beneficial to reducing the loss on the radio frequency signal transmission path and improving the radio frequency transceiver performance of the antenna system 30.

[0152] In one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz. In one embodiment, the frequency band of the second resonance includes at least one communication band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz. In one embodiment, one of the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 is a main set antenna, and the other of the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 is a diversity antenna. In one embodiment, the antenna system includes a circuit cut TAS switch, and the circuit cut TAS switch is used to switch between the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32, so that the first antenna 31 can be a main set antenna or a diversity antenna, and the second antenna 32 can be a diversity antenna or a main set antenna.

[0153] In one embodiment, the first antenna 31 is a low-frequency main set antenna, and the first antenna 31 as a low-frequency main set antenna is an antenna capable of receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves of at least one communication band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz. In one embodiment, the second antenna 32 is a low-frequency diversity antenna, and the second antenna 32 as a low-frequency diversity antenna is an antenna that can only receive (but not transmit) electromagnetic waves of at least one communication band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz. The low-frequency antenna (the low-frequency band that supports the cellular communication band) has the characteristic of a large size and requires a large space. Therefore, how to reasonably arrange the specific position of the radiator of the low-frequency antenna in the terminal device 100 to obtain a lower ECC has become a technical problem that is difficult to overcome. ECC is used to characterize the correlation between the received signal amplitudes of different antenna elements and is a parameter indicator for measuring the diversity performance and coupling performance of the MIMO multi-antenna system.

[0154] Refer to Figure 5A , In one embodiment, the first antenna 31 includes a first radiator 311, a first feeding structure 312, an inductive structure 313, and a capacitive structure 314, and at least part of the first radiator 311 is distributed on the first side 11. The second antenna 32 includes a second radiator 321 and a second feeding structure 322, and at least part of the second radiator 321 is distributed on the third side 13. By arranging at least part of the first radiator 311 on the first side 11 and at least part of the second radiator 321 on the third side 13 in this solution, it is possible to make the current directions excited by the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 orthogonal, and to make the modes excited by the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 be orthogonal longitudinal and transverse modes. Specifically, the first antenna 31 can excite the longitudinal mode of the first side 11, and the second antenna 32 can excite the transverse mode of the third side 13. These two modes are orthogonal, and a lower ECC can be obtained.

[0155] Refer to Figure 5A, the first radiator 311 includes a first stub 3111 and a second stub 3112. The first stub 3111 and at least part of the second stub 3112 are spaced apart and distributed in different regions of the first side 11. At least part of the second stub 3112 is located on one side of the first stub 3111 adjacent to the third side 13; the first stub 3111 includes an open end G, a first feeding point D, a first position E, and a first end C arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the first side 11. The end of the first stub 3111 far from the second stub 3112 is the open end G. The first feeding point D is electrically connected to the first feeding structure 312. The inductive structure 313 is electrically connected between the first position E and the ground plane. The second stub 3112 includes a second end B and a grounding point A. The grounding point A and the second end B are spaced apart. The second end B and the first end C are coupled through the capacitive structure 314.

[0156] In one embodiment, the first radiator 311 has only one open end, and the open end G is located in the middle region of the first side 11.

[0157] Figure 5A In the illustrated embodiment, due to the setting of the inductive structure 313 and the capacitive structure 314 in the first antenna 31, the capacitive structure 314 makes there be a gap between the first stub 3111 and the second stub 3112 and forms a strong coupling. The capacitive structure 314 can increase the aperture of the first antenna 31. The position of the open end G of the first stub 3111 can approach the middle position of the first side. In this way, the longitudinal (along the extending direction of the first side) component of the first antenna 31 can be enhanced, that is, the longitudinal mode becomes more obvious. The inductive structure 313 can reduce the electric field intensity at the position where the open end G of the first stub 3111 is located. By reducing the electric field intensity at the position of the open end G of the first stub 3111, the performance of the first antenna 31 is improved. Specifically, it is beneficial to reduce the influence of the hand model and improve the hand model performance of the first antenna 31. Therefore, this solution is beneficial to obtaining a lower ECC by introducing the inductive structure 313 and the capacitive structure 314.

[0158] Figure 5AIn the illustrated embodiment, both the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 are straight strip-shaped structures. The extending directions of the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 are both the extending direction of the first side 11. The terminal device 100 is rectangular in the folded state. The first side 11 is the long side of the terminal device 100, and the third side 13 is the short side. In one embodiment, the first branch 3111 can be collinear with the second branch 3112. In other embodiments, the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 can also be parallel to each other. They can be non-collinear, that is, offset. As long as it can be ensured that the interval between the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 can couple the current of the first branch 3111 to the second branch 3112. The open end G of the first branch 3111 is the end of the first branch 3111 far from the second branch 3112. The bottom end of the first branch 3111 is the first end C of the first branch 3111. The top end of the second branch 3112 is the second end B of the second branch 3112. The second end B is adjacent to the first end C of the first branch 3111. The bottom end of the second branch 3112 is the grounding point A of the second branch 3112. In other embodiments, the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 may not be provided at the bottom end of the second branch 3112. The grounding point A of the second branch 3112 may be located at a position close to the bottom (i.e., the third side 13).

[0159] In one embodiment, the open end G of the first branch 3111 is located at or near the midpoint of the first side 11. In one embodiment, the open end G of the first branch 3111 can be located above the midpoint of the first side 11, that is, at a position between the midpoint and the fourth side 14. In one embodiment, the open end G of the first branch 3111 can also be located below the midpoint of the first side 11, that is, at a position between the midpoint and the third side 13. In one embodiment, the position where the open end G of the first branch 3111 is located is an area where the terminal device 100 is easily held by hand during use. The grounding point A of the second branch 3112 can be a position on the first side 11 adjacent to the third side 13.

[0160] Refer to Figure 5A, In one embodiment, the capacitive structure 314 between the first end C and the second end B is the spaced space between the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112, that is, an equivalent capacitance structure is formed by forming a gap between the first end C and the second end B. Specifically, an insulating medium can be filled in this spaced space. For example, the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 are directly formed on the middle frame of the terminal device by slitting, and an insulating medium is filled at the position of the slit to realize the capacitive structure 314 formed between the first end C and the second end B. The size of the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 in the width direction and the vertical distance between the first end C and the second end B along the direction extending along the first side 11 determine the capacitance value of the capacitive structure 314. In one embodiment, the spaced distance between the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 is less than or equal to 2 mm. By constraining this spaced distance, it is beneficial to provide an appropriate coupling amount, and it can meet the shape of the outer surface of the middle frame of the terminal device (to avoid poor integrity of the appearance due to too large a space), and ensure the structural strength. In one embodiment, the range of the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure 314 is greater than or equal to 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF. The capacitive structure 314 is provided to adjust the electric field at both ends (the open end G and the first end C) of the first branch 3111. By adjusting the electric field, the influence of the hand model can be improved, and the hand model efficiency of the first antenna can be enhanced.

[0161] The first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna system provided in this application are frame antennas, that is, the frame area of the terminal device is used to set the antenna. In one embodiment, the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 of the first radiator 311, and the second radiator 321 are made on the middle frame 50 of the terminal device 100. The middle frame 50 is made of a metal material. During the process of manufacturing the middle frame 50, a metal frame is directly milled on the middle frame 50 to form the first branch 3111, the second branch 3112 and the second radiator 321. In one embodiment, the frame can be a non-conductive material, and the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 of the first radiator 311, and the second radiator 321 can also be strip-shaped conductive structures, fixed on the inner surface of the frame of the terminal device or at least partially embedded in the middle frame 50, for example, fixed to the inner surface of the middle frame 50 by means of glue.

[0162] Figure 5AIn an embodiment shown, all components of the first radiator 311 are distributed in the middle area and the bottom area of the first side 11. The top area of the first side 11 can be used to arrange keys of the terminal device or other antennas. All components of the second radiator 321 are distributed on the third side 13. By arranging the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 on the adjacent first side 11 and third side 13 respectively, this solution can make the current directions excited by the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 orthogonal, and realize that the modes excited by the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 are orthogonal longitudinal mode and transverse mode. Specifically, the first antenna 31 excites the longitudinal mode of the first side 11, and the second antenna 32 excites the transverse mode of the third side 13. These two modes are orthogonal, obtaining a lower ECC. Specifically, the ECC between the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 can be 0.28.

[0163] In an embodiment, a floor 15 is provided inside the terminal device 100, and both the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 have grounding points electrically connected to the floor 15. The floor 15 can be understood as at least a part of any grounding layer, or ground plane, or grounding metal layer, etc. inside the terminal device 100, or at least a part of any combination of the above-mentioned any grounding layer, or ground plane, or grounding component, etc. The floor can be used as the grounding part of components inside the terminal device 100. In one embodiment, the floor 15 can be the grounding layer of the circuit board of the terminal device, or the ground plane formed by the metal housing of the terminal device 100, or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen. Any of the above-mentioned grounding layer, or ground plane, or grounding metal layer is made of a conductive material. For example: the conductive material can be but is not limited to the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin-plated copper, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, substrate coated with graphite, copper-plated substrate, brass-plated substrate, and aluminum-plated substrate.

[0164] Figure 5A In the embodiment shown, the floor 15 can be the grounding layer of the circuit board inside the terminal device, the middle plate of the middle frame, or the grounding part of other devices, such as the grounding part of the battery pack, etc. Specifically, the middle frame of the terminal device includes a support plate (or middle plate) and a frame, and the frame is connected to the edge of the support plate and surrounds the support plate. The support plate can be used to install components such as a circuit board, a battery, and a heat dissipation structure.

[0165] Refer to Figure 5A , in an embodiment, the first feeding structure 312 and the second feeding structure 322 are electrically connected to the radio frequency chip 33. In an embodiment, the radio frequency chip 33 can include Figure 4The radio frequency front-end chip, transceiver, and baseband chip in it. In the embodiments of the present application, an electrical signal is transmitted to the first feeding structure 312 and the second feeding structure 322 through the radio frequency chip 33, and currents are generated on the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 by the first feeding structure 312 and the second feeding structure 322 to form the resonance modes of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0166] Figure 5B For Figure 5A The current distribution diagrams of the resonance modes of the first antenna in the embodiment shown. Refer to Figure 5B , when the first feeding structure 312 feeds the first radiator 311, the first radiator 311 mainly generates two modes of current, namely the quarter-mode current and the three-quarter-mode current. In the quarter mode, the first radiator 311 is in the fundamental mode. For example, in one case, the current direction of the first antenna 31 in the quarter mode is: the current flows from the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 to the first feeding point D of the first branch 3111; in another case, the current direction of the first antenna 31 in the quarter mode is: the current flows from the first feeding point D of the first branch 3111 to the grounding point A of the second branch 3112. In the quarter mode, the current is distributed as a co-directional current on the first radiator 311 and passes through the first radiator 311 in the positive or reverse order of the grounding point A, the second end B, the first end C, the first position E, the first feeding point D, and the top G, without reverse current. In the three-quarter mode, the first radiator 311 is in the higher-order mode, and there is a reverse point of the current on the first radiator 311, and the current reverse point corresponds to the point with strong electric field on the first branch 3111. For example, in one case, in the three-quarter mode, the current in one direction (downward) is from the first feeding point D of the first branch 3111 to the first position E (referred to as the reverse point) adjacent to the first branch 3111, and the current in the other direction (upward) is from the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 to the second end B of the second branch 3112, then enters the first end C of the first branch 3111 and flows through the first position E to the position of the reverse point. In the three-quarter mode of the first antenna 31, the position where the current reverses can also be located at the gap position between the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112, that is, the current on the first branch 3111 and the current on the second branch 3112 are reverse.

[0167] Refer to Figure 5BWhen the first feeding structure 312 feeds the first radiator 311, the inductive structure 313 is connected between the first branch 3111 and the ground plane 15 to realize inductive loading between the first branch 3111 and the ground plane 15. The inductive structure 313 is excited to generate a quarter-mode resonance (also known as C (Common mode) mode resonance). For example, the current direction in this mode can be: from the inductive structure point F where the inductive structure 313 is connected to the ground plane 15 to the first position E where the inductive structure 313 is connected to the first branch 3111, and then from the first position E to the first feeding point D of the first branch 3111.

[0168] In one embodiment, the first branch portion from the first feeding point D to the first position E and the inductive structure 313 are used to jointly generate a third resonance. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is f', and the first resonance is f1, where 35% ≤ f' / f1 ≤ 60%. In one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz, and the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is within the range of 300 MHz - 500 MHz. In one embodiment, the sum of the electrical length from the first feeding point D to the first position E on the first branch 3111 and the electrical length of the inductive structure 313 is one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the third resonance where the first antenna 31 is located.

[0169] In one embodiment, due to the capacitive structure 314 being provided in the first antenna, the aperture of the first antenna 31 increases, and the three-quarter mode and the quarter mode generated by the first radiator are close. The efficiency pit between the three-quarter mode and the quarter mode generated by the first radiator may fall within the target frequency band. When the user holds the electronic device (or called, hand model), the resonance frequency of the three-quarter mode is further on the low side, which will depress the in-band efficiency (such as the antenna system efficiency) of the target frequency band (for example, at least one communication frequency band within the low-frequency 698 - 960 MHz). In this solution, introducing the inductive structure 313 in the first antenna 31 can increase the resonance frequency of the three-quarter mode (or say, has a high-loading effect on the three-quarter mode), which is beneficial to reducing the efficiency pit between the three-quarter mode and the quarter mode, or say, is beneficial to pulling the efficiency pit between the three-quarter mode and the quarter mode out of the target frequency band, thereby improving the in-band efficiency of the first antenna.

[0170] In one embodiment, when the frequency of the first resonance is 960 MHz, the range where the frequency of the three-quarter mode excited by the antenna is located is: between 135% of the frequency of the first resonance and 160% of the frequency of the first resonance.

[0171] In one embodiment, introducing the inductive structure 313 can also achieve an additional quarter-mode resonance mode formed from the first feeding point D through the inductive structure 313 to the ground. It can also be understood that the inductive structure 313 is excited to generate the C-mode resonance. For the conventional quarter-mode and three-quarter-mode, the open end G of the first branch 3111 of the first radiator 311 is a strong electric field region. When a user holds the electronic device, for example, when the user's head and / or hand is close to or even blocks the open end G of the first branch 3111, the first antenna 31 is affected by the user, resulting in a decline in antenna performance, such as a reduction in the system efficiency of the antenna. Therefore, by reducing the electric field strength at the open end G of the first branch 3111, the performance of the first antenna 31 can be improved. In this application, the inductive structure 313 is electrically connected between the first branch 3111 and the floor 15 to form a quarter-mode resonance mode, which can lower the electric field strength at the position of the first feeding point D and the electric field strength at the position of the open end G, facilitating reducing the influence of the user holding the electronic device (or called hand model) and improving the hand model performance of the first antenna 31. In one embodiment, by setting the inductive structure 313, the right-hand mode performance of the first antenna 31 is improved by 1.7 dB, and the left-hand mode performance is improved by 0.5 dB.

[0172] In one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz, and the range of the length CG of the first branch 3111 of the first antenna 31 is: between one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and one-half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance. In one embodiment, the range of the length AB of the second branch 3112 is: between one-sixth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance of the first antenna 31 and one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0173] In one embodiment, the ratio range of the length CG of the first branch 3111 to the length AB of the second branch 3112 is: AB / CG is greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

[0174] By restricting the electrical lengths of the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 in the embodiments of this application, it is beneficial to adjust the electric fields at the two positions of the open end G and the first end C of the first branch 3111.

[0175] In the embodiment of the present application, by restricting the range of the length ratio of the first stub 3111 to the second stub 3112, it is equivalent to restricting the position of the capacitive structure 314 provided on the first radiator 311, which is beneficial to effectively increase the aperture of the first antenna 31. Specifically, it is to increase the aperture when the first radiator 311 generates the first resonance (quarter mode), and improve the radiation efficiency of the first radiator 311 and the system efficiency of the first antenna 31. Since the aperture when the first radiator 311 generates the first resonance (quarter mode) is effectively increased, the three-quarter mode and the quarter mode generated by the first radiator 311 are closer to each other compared with the case where the capacitive structure 314 is not provided.

[0176] In one embodiment, the physical length CG of the first stub 3111 is 50 mm, and the physical length AB of the second stub 3112 is 24.5 mm.

[0177] In one embodiment, the physical length CG of the first stub 3111 is 50 mm, and the physical length AB of the second stub 3112 is 33.2 mm.

[0178] Refer to Figure 5A In one embodiment, all parts of the second radiator 321 are located on the third side 13. One end of the second radiator 321 includes a second feeding point P, and the other end of the second radiator 321 includes a grounding point T. The grounding point T is electrically connected to the ground plane 15. The extending direction of the second radiator 321 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first side 11. The grounding point T of the second radiator 321 is adjacent to the second side 12, and the second feeding point P of the second radiator 321 is located between the first side 11 and the second side 12; or, the second feeding point P of the second radiator 321 is closer to the midpoint of the third side 13 relative to the grounding point T, and the grounding point T of the second radiator 321 is closer to the second side 12 relative to the second feeding point P.

[0179] Refer to Figure 5B In one embodiment, when the second feeding structure 322 feeds power to the second feeding point P, a current is excited on the second radiator 321. For example, in one case, the current direction on the second radiator 321 is along the extending direction of the third side 13, flowing from the grounding point T to the second feeding point P.

[0180] In one embodiment, the electrical length of the second radiator 321 is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the second resonance of the second antenna 32.

[0181] In one embodiment, the range of the length ratio of the first radiator 311 to the second radiator 321 is between 5 / 3 and 3 times.

[0182] Refer to Figure 5A, In one embodiment, the inductive structure 313 is composed of strip-shaped or bar-shaped branches. The inductive structure 313 includes a first connection segment 113A, a second connection segment 113B, and a main branch 1131 connected between the first connection segment 113A and the second connection segment 113B. The first connection segment 113A is connected between one end of the main branch 1131 and the floor 15, and the second connection segment 113B is connected between the other end of the main branch 1131 and the first position E of the first branch 3111. In one embodiment, the main branch 1131 is designed as a metal strip-shaped or bar-shaped structure, and the main branch 1131 can be arranged by using the gap between the frame and the main board of the terminal device 100, which is beneficial to saving the space inside the terminal device 100. The connection between the main branch 1131 and the floor 15 and between the main branches 1131 can be achieved by welding the second connection segment 113B and connecting with conductive adhesive. The connection between the main branch 1131 and the first branch 3111 can be achieved by welding the first connection segment 113A and connecting with conductive adhesive, which is easy for assembly operation. Since the inductive structure 313 is a strip-shaped or bar-shaped conductive branch structure, there is no need to set up an inductor device. Because the inductor device needs to be set on the circuit board, in this solution, there is no need to set up a circuit board near the first radiator 311, which can save the space near the first radiator 311. The saved space can be used to set up other devices such as batteries.

[0183] In one embodiment, the inductive structure 313 can also be integrally formed with the first branch 3111. For example: the first connection segment 113A, the second connection segment 113B, and the main branch 1131 are structures directly milled on the middle frame by CNC (Computer Numerical Control Machine, which is short for Computer Numerical Control, and is an automated machine controlled by a program). In one embodiment, the first connection segment 113A, the second connection segment 113B, and the main branch 1131 of the inductive structure 313, as well as the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112, are all part of the middle frame. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 313 can be electrically connected to the floor 15 of the terminal device 100. For example, the inductive structure 313 is electrically connected to the middle plate, and the middle plate is part of the floor. The middle plate is the grounded metal part inside the terminal device. For example, the middle plate can be the grounding layer of the circuit board, the metal shell, other devices, or the grounding part of the battery pack, etc.

[0184] Refer to Figure 5A and Figure 5B, in one embodiment, in the extending direction of the first stub 3111, the first connection segment 113A is located between the second connection segment 113B and the first feeding point D. In this embodiment, the current direction between the first feeding point D and the first position E on the first stub 3111 is opposite to the current direction on the main stub 1131 of the inductive structure 313.

[0185] Refer to Figure 5A and Figure 5B , in one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz, and the distance between the second connection segment 113B and the first end C is less than or equal to one-sixteenth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance of the first antenna 31. By limiting the upper limit of the distance between the second connection segment 113B and the first end C, this solution is beneficial to improving the handset model performance of the first antenna 31.

[0186] In one embodiment, the distance between the second connection segment 113B and the first end C is less than or equal to one-fourth of the length of the first stub 3111. In a specific solution, the distance between the second connection segment 113B and the first end C is less than or equal to one-eighth of the length of the first stub 3111.

[0187] In one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz, and the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extending direction of the first stub 3111 and the first end C is less than or equal to one-eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance. The equivalent center position can be defined as: the position corresponding to the inductive center of the inductive structure 313 or the center of the physical length of the inductive structure 313 on the first side, or the position of the vertical projection of the inductive center of the inductive structure 313 or the center of the physical length of the inductive structure 313 on the first stub 3111. By restricting the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 on the first stub and the first end, this solution is beneficial to adjusting the electric fields at the open end G of the first stub 3111 and the first end C. Generally speaking, the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 can be located at: the midpoint of the first stub 3111, or, between the midpoint of the first stub 3111 and the first end C.

[0188] In one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication band within the frequency range of 698 MHz - 960 MHz; the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extending direction of the first branch 3111 and the first end C is less than or equal to 20 mm. In a possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extending direction of the first branch 3111 and the first end C is less than or equal to 15 mm.

[0189] In one embodiment, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extending direction of the first branch 3111 and the first end C is less than or equal to one half of the length of the first branch 3111. In a possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extending direction of the first branch 3111 and the first end C is less than or equal to three eighths of the length of the first branch 3111.

[0190] In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure 313 is a fixed value, and the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure 313 is greater than or equal to 4 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH. In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure 313 is adjustable, and the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure 313 is greater than or equal to 2 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH. When the inductance of the inductive structure is a fixed value, it can be an optimization for one of the frequency bands and has less impact on other frequency bands. When the inductance of the inductive structure is adjustable, different inductance values can be configured for different frequency bands for sub-band optimization, and the inductance value range is larger.

[0191] By restricting the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure 313 in the present application, it is beneficial to adjust the electric field intensity of the open end G of the first branch 3111 through the inductive structure 313 in the target frequency band (for example, the low-frequency band), reduce the loading and absorption effects of the hand model, and improve the hand model performance.

[0192] In one embodiment, the length of the main branch 1131 of the inductive structure 313 is less than the length of the first branch 3111. For example, the physical length of the main branch 1131 of the inductive structure 313 is less than 50 mm.

[0193] Figure 6 It is a schematic plan view of the partial structural positional relationship of the terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application and the current distribution diagrams of each resonance mode of the first antenna. Compared with Figure 5A the embodiment shown, Figure 6 the difference of the embodiment shown is that: the first position on the first branch is different, and the connection direction between the inductive structure 313 at the first position and the ground plane is different.

[0194] Refer toFigure 6 In one embodiment, in the extending direction of the first stub 3111, the second connection segment 113B is located between the first connection segment 113A and the first feeding point D. In this embodiment, the current direction between the first feeding point D and the first position E on the first stub 3111 is the same as the current direction on the main stub 1131 of the inductive structure 313. Figure 6 The first radiator 311 of the first antenna 31 provided by the shown embodiment can also be excited with two modes of current, namely, quarter-mode current and three-quarter-mode current. Specifically, these two current modes are the same as the current modes on the first radiator in the embodiment provided by Figure 5B and will not be elaborated here.

[0195] Figure 7 This is a schematic plan view of the partial structural positional relationship of the terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 7 In one embodiment, the inductive structure 313 includes a lumped inductor device 1132, and the lumped inductor device 1132 is electrically connected between the first position E and the ground plane 15. In this embodiment, the first position E is the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extending direction of the first stub 3111. The equivalent center position can be defined as: the inductive center of the inductive structure 313 or the center of the physical length. In one embodiment, the distance between the first position E and the first end C is less than or equal to one-eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance. By constraining the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 on the first stub and the first end C, this solution is beneficial to adjusting the electric fields at the open end G and the first end C of the first stub 3111. By arranging the lumped inductor device 1132 between the first position E and the ground plane 15, it is convenient to adjust the inductance value or electrical length of the inductive structure 313, and it is also convenient to adjust the position where the lumped inductor device 1132 is connected to the first stub 3111, that is, the first position E can be set according to specific requirements. Therefore, this solution is beneficial to making the inductive structure 313 more easily used to improve the antenna efficiency of the antenna in the target frequency band, thereby improving the hand model performance of the first antenna 31.

[0196] In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance value of the lumped inductor device 1132 is a fixed value, and the equivalent inductance value of the lumped inductor device 1132 is greater than or equal to 4 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH. In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance value of the lumped inductor device 1132 is adjustable, and the equivalent inductance value of the lumped inductor device 1132 is greater than or equal to 2 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH. By constraining the inductance value of the lumped inductor device 1132 in the present application, it is beneficial to realize adjusting the electric field strength at the open end G of the first stub 3111 through the inductive structure 313, reducing the loading and absorption effects of the hand model, and improving the hand model performance.

[0197] In one embodiment, the distance between the first position E and the first end C satisfies EC / CG < 0.5 with the length CG of the first stub 3111. In one embodiment, the length CG of the first stub 3111 is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance. In one embodiment, EC / CG < 0.25. In one embodiment, the length CG of the first stub 3111 is one half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance. Generally speaking, the position of the first position E on the first stub 3111 can be located between the midpoint of the first stub 3111 and the first end C, and the distance between the first position E and the midpoint of the first stub can be greater than or equal to the distance between the first position and the first end C, that is, the first position is closer to the first end C. By constraining the specific position of the first position E, this solution is beneficial to arranging the inductive structure 313 to load a lumped inductor or a distributed inductance structure (the distributed inductance structure can be as Figure 5A shown) within the range of the above equivalent inductance value at a suitable position on the first stub 3111 at the target frequency band.

[0198] Figure 8 is a schematic plan view of the partial structural position relationship of the terminal device provided by one embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 8 , in one embodiment, the capacitive structure 314 includes a capacitive device 1141, the capacitive device 1141 is located at a position adjacent to the first side 11 within the terminal device 100 and is disposed on a circuit board (it can be understood that Figure 8 the position where the floor 15 is located in

[0199] The antenna system in the terminal device provided by the present application further includes other antennas disposed at the border position. Figure 9A is a schematic plan view of the antenna system of the terminal device provided by one embodiment of the present application.

[0200] It should be understood that the medium and high frequency antenna operates in at least one communication frequency band within the middle band (MB) (for example, 1700 - 2170 MHz) and / or the high band (HB) (for example, 2300 - 2700 MHz).

[0201] Refer to Figure 9A, In one implementation, the antenna system 30 further includes a medium and high frequency antenna 34, and part of the medium and high frequency antenna 34 is distributed on the third side 13. In one embodiment, the medium and high frequency antenna 34 includes a first unit 341. Most of the radiators of the first unit 341 are located on one side of the third side 13 and at a position between the second antenna 32 and the first antenna 31. The first unit 341 can be connected to the ground point A of the second branch 3112 of the first antenna 31.

[0202] In one implementation, part of the medium and high frequency antenna 34 is distributed on the first side 11. At least part of the medium and high frequency antenna 34 distributed on the first side 11 is located on the side of the first antenna 31 away from the third side 13. Specifically, the medium and high frequency antenna 34 includes a second unit 342 and / or a third unit 343. The second unit 342 is located on top of the first antenna 31, and the second unit 342 and the open end G of the first branch 3111 are spaced apart. The third unit 343 can be disposed at the connection of the first side 11 and the fourth side 14. Part of the third unit 343 is located on top of the first side 11, and part of the third unit is located at the left end of the fourth side 14.

[0203] In one implementation, part of the medium and high frequency antenna 34 is distributed on the fourth side 14. Specifically, the medium and high frequency antenna 34 includes a fourth unit 344 and / or a fifth unit 345. The fourth unit 344 is located in the middle of the fourth side 14. The fifth unit 345 can be disposed at the right end of the fourth side 14. Among them, the fifth unit 345 can be grounded through the rotating shaft of the second side 12.

[0204] In one implementation, a button 17 is provided on the first side 11. The button 17 is located on the side of the first branch 3111 away from the second branch 3112. There is an insulating gap between the button 17 and the first branch 3111. Part of the medium and high frequency antenna 34 can be located at the button 17, as Figure 9A shown, the second unit 342 is disposed at the position of the button 17.

[0205] Refer to Figure 9A , each unit in the medium and high frequency antenna 34 can be the third antenna in the terminal device provided in this application. For example, the first unit 341, the second unit 342, the third unit 343, and the fourth unit 344 can be different third antennas respectively. Or, two or more of them can form a third antenna. The operating frequency band of the third antenna includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 1700 MHz - 2700 MHz.

[0206] In one implementation, the third antenna ( Figure 9AThe third unit 343 (composed of the third radiator 3431 and the third feeding structure 3432) is electrically connected to the RF chip 33. In one embodiment, the RF chip 33 includes an integrated RF circuit and can transmit RF signals to multiple different antennas simultaneously. In one embodiment, the RF chip 33 may include multiple independent small chips, and each small chip transmits RF signals to different antennas respectively. For example, one small chip transmits RF signals to the first antenna and the second antenna simultaneously, and another small chip transmits RF signals to the third antenna. In one embodiment, at least a part of the third radiator 3431 is distributed on the fourth side 14. In one embodiment, at least a part of the third radiator 3431 is distributed on the first side 11. The third radiator 3431 distributed on the first side 11 is located on the side of the first radiator 311 away from the third side 13.

[0207] Figure 9B is a schematic plan view of the antenna system of the terminal device provided by one embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 9B and Figure 5A , Figure 9B the embodiments shown, and Figure 5A the embodiments shown are similar. Both include the first antenna 31, the second antenna 32, and the RF chip 33. Figure 9B The antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in Figure 5A differs from the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in Figure 9B in that the specific structure of the second radiator 321 is different. Figure 9B The first antenna 31 in the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in Figure 5A may be the same as the first antenna of the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in Figure 9B Therefore, the specific structure of the first antenna 31 will not be described in detail.

[0208] The second radiator 321 includes a first section 321A, a second section 321B, and a connection structure 321C. The first section 321A and the second section 321B are located on one side of the third side 13. The first section 321A is located between the stub two 3002 and the second section 321B. One end of the first section 321A forms a first bottom gap G1 on the third side 13, and a second bottom gap G2 is formed between the other end of the first section 321A and the second section 321B. The connection structure 321C is connected between the first section 321A and the second section 321B. In one embodiment, the first bottom gap G1 and the second bottom gap G2 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center position of the third side 13. In one embodiment, the area between the first bottom gap G1 and the second bottom gap G2 is used to set a charging socket or a headphone socket, etc. of the terminal device.

[0209] In one embodiment, the connection structure 321C includes a 0-ohm device or a section of transmission line structure. The two ends of the 0-ohm device or the section of transmission line are respectively connected to the first section 321A and the second section 321B. In one embodiment, the connection structure 321C includes an inductive device or a capacitive device or a combination thereof disposed on the circuit board within the terminal device, and its two ends are respectively connected to the first section 321A and the second section 321B. It should be understood that the 0-ohm device, or the transmission line, or the inductive device, or the capacitive device, etc. can all adjust the electrical length of the second radiator 321 to a certain extent so that it resonates (for example, the third resonance) at the target frequency band.

[0210] Refer to Figure 9A , in one embodiment, the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32 in the antenna system 30 is of a segmented structure. A second bottom gap G2 is formed between the first section 321A and the second section 321B. The design that the second bottom gap G2 and the first bottom gap G1 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center position of the third side 13 constructs symmetric slotted features at the bottom of the terminal device, which is beneficial to improving the user experience of the terminal device. In one embodiment, the first bottom gap G1 and the second bottom gap G2 are respectively located on both sides of the socket (such as a charging socket, a headphone socket, a SIM card socket, etc.) of the terminal device, which is also beneficial to improving the symmetry of the external appearance features at the bottom of the terminal device and can improve the user experience.

[0211] In one embodiment, Figure 9B The antenna system provided by the embodiment shown and Figure 5AThe differences of the antenna system provided by the illustrated embodiment also include: the addition of stub one 3001 and stub two 3002. The antenna system includes a second radiator 321 disposed on the third side 13, stub one 3001 and stub two 3002. Stub one 3001 and stub two 3002 are interconnected to form an L-shaped structure. Stub one 3001 is connected between the second stub 3112 of the first radiator 311 and stub two 3002. In one embodiment, the extending direction of stub one 3001 is the extending direction of the first side 11, and the extending direction of stub two 3002 is the extending direction of the third side 13. Wherein, a first bottom gap G1 is formed between stub two 3002 and the first section 321A.

[0212] Based on Figure 9B the illustrated embodiment, in one embodiment, stub one 3001 and stub two 3002 may be part of the first radiator 311 of the first antenna. In one embodiment, stub one 3001 and stub two 3002 may also be part of the second radiator 321 or parasitic stubs. In one embodiment, stub one 3001 and stub two 3002 may also be part of the medium and high frequency antenna 34 of the antenna system 30, such as the first unit 341 of the medium and high frequency antenna 34. In one embodiment, stub one 3001 and stub two 3002 may not participate in the radiation of any antenna and only be part of the middle frame of the terminal device.

[0213] Refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 which is a schematic diagram showing S22 (output matching) of the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna system within the terminal device provided by one embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 In the figure, curve S22 represents the return loss of the first antenna, curve S33 represents the return loss of the second antenna, and curve S23 represents the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna. At the P point, when the resonant frequency is in the state of 0.85007 GHZ, the return loss of the first antenna is -11.112 dBa, and the return loss of the second antenna is smaller, approaching -20 dBa. From Figure 10 it can be seen that in the terminal device provided by the embodiment of the present application, within the resonant frequency band range of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna system, the return losses of both are less than -10 dB, which can meet the requirements of the antenna radiation performance. It can also ensure the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna and meet the signal transceiver performance of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0214] Refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11Schematic diagram of the total efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna system in the terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Among them, curve CR1 represents the curve of the total efficiency of the antenna system provided by an embodiment of the present application. At the position of point P1, when the resonant frequency is 0.83341 GHz, the total efficiency of the antenna system is -6.1703 dBi. Curve CR2 represents the curve of the radiation efficiency of the antenna system provided by an embodiment of the present application. At the position of point P2, when the resonant frequency is 0.824 GHz, the radiation efficiency of the antenna system is -7.6335 dBi. Among them, CR3 represents the curve of the total efficiency of the antenna system provided by an existing solution, and CR4 represents the curve of the radiation efficiency of the antenna system provided by an existing solution. By comparing these four curves, it can be seen that the antenna system provided by the present application has better total efficiency and radiation efficiency.

[0215] Refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 Comparison schematic diagram of setting and not setting the inductive structure in the first antenna of the antenna system in the terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Among them, curve CR1 represents the echo loss curve of the first antenna in an antenna system without setting the inductive structure; curve CR2 represents the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna in an antenna system without setting the inductive structure; curve CR3 represents the total system efficiency curve of the first antenna in an antenna system without setting the inductive structure; curve CR4 represents the echo loss curve of the first antenna in an antenna system of the present application with the inductive structure set; curve CR5 represents the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna in an antenna system of the present application with the inductive structure set; curve CR6 represents the total system efficiency curve of the first antenna in an antenna system of the present application with the inductive structure set. Figure 12 In, the part circled by the dotted oval frame at the left end position on curve CR4 represents the C-mode resonance excited by the inductive structure, marked as C-mode in the figure; the part circled by the dotted oval frame at the right end position on curve CR4 represents the three-quarter mode resonance excited by the first antenna, marked as three-quarter mode in the figure; the part circled by the dotted oval frame at the right end position on curve CR1 represents the three-quarter mode resonance excited by the first antenna, marked as three-quarter mode in the figure. By comparing curve CR4 and curve CR1, it can be seen that by setting the inductive structure in the present application, not only can the three-quarter mode be loaded in the direction of high, but also it can be realized from the first feeding point through the inductive structure to the ground, thus forming a quarter-mode (C-mode resonance) resonance mode. It can also be understood that the present application can excite the inductive structure to generate C-mode resonance (while the solution without setting the inductive structure represented by curve CR1 cannot generate C-mode resonance). Therefore, by introducing the inductive structure in the present application, it is beneficial to improve the handset mode performance of the first antenna.

[0216] Refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 which is a comparison schematic diagram of the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 5B and the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 6 adopted in the terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 13 The curve CR1 in Figure 5B represents the echo loss curve of the first antenna with the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 13 ; the curve CR2 in Figure 5B represents the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna with the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 13 ; the curve CR3 in Figure 5B represents the total system efficiency curve of the first antenna with the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 13 ; the curve CR4 in Figure 6 represents the echo loss curve of the first antenna with the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 13 ; the curve CR5 in Figure 6 represents the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna with the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 13 ; the curve CR6 in Figure 6 represents the total system efficiency curve of the first antenna with the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 13 It can be seen that both the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 5B and the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown in Figure 6 can achieve the effect of three-quarter mode high loading on the quarter-mode, and can both excite the quarter-mode resonance (C-mode resonance), which is beneficial to improving the handset mode performance of the first antenna.

[0217] Refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14 which is the architecture diagram of the antenna system in the terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the basic architecture of the first antenna 31 is the same as that of the first antenna in the embodiment shown in Figure 5B , and the position of the first radiator 311 of the first antenna 31 on the first side 11 is compared with that in Figure 5BThe shown embodiment moves upward such that the second radiator 321 of the partial second antenna 32 can be disposed on the first side 11. Along the extending direction of the first side 11, the bottom of the first radiator 311 of the first antenna 31 is provided with the second radiator 321 of the partial second antenna 32, and the other part of the second radiator 321 is located on the third side 13, that is, the second radiator 321 is distributed on the first side 11 and the third side 13. Specifically, the second radiator 321 extends from the first side 11 to the third side 13. The second radiator 321 includes a first part 3211 and a second part 3212 interconnected as a whole. The second part 3212 is located on the third side 13, and the first part 3211 is located on the first side 11. One end of the first part 3211 away from the second part 3212 is connected to the second branch 3112 of the first radiator 311 and grounded. The second feeding point P of the second radiator 321 is located at one end of the second part 3212 away from the first part 3211. Figure 14 In the shown embodiment, the mode excited by the first antenna 31 tends to be a transverse mode, and the mode excited by the second antenna 32 tends to be a longitudinal mode. A lower ECC between the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 can also be obtained. For example, the ECC can be 0.3.

[0218] Figure 14 In the shown embodiment, the second feeding point P on the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32 is located at the open end of the second radiator 321. In this solution, by disposing the second radiator 321 at the corner position of the first side and the third side, when the terminal device is in the folded state, the influence of the cavity clutter generated by the cavity formed between the first body and the second body on the antenna can be reduced. The current direction on the second radiator 321 can be: from one end of the first part 3211 adjacent to the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 along the extending direction of the first side 11 and flowing downward to one end of the second part 3212, and then extending from one end of the second part 3212 along the extending direction of the third side 13 to the second feeding point P. Along the extending direction of the first side 11, the distance H2 between the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 of the first antenna 31 and the second part 3212 of the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32 and the distance H1 between the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 of the first antenna 31 and the first part 3211 of the second radiator 321 determine the current modes and isolation degrees on the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32. In a specific embodiment, the distance H2 between the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 of the first antenna 31 and the second part 3212 of the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32 is between 30 mm and 40 mm, and the distance H1 between the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 of the first antenna 31 and the first part 3211 of the second radiator 321 is greater than 10 mm.

[0219] Figure 14 In the embodiment shown, a medium and high frequency antenna of the antenna system may be disposed on the third side 13. For example, the medium and high frequency antenna is disposed on the right side of the second feeding point P.

[0220] Refer to Figure 15 , Figure 15 is Figure 14 a graph of S22 (output matching) of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna system in the terminal device provided for the embodiment shown, and a graph of the isolation degree between the first antenna and the second antenna. Figure 15 Among them, the curve LB1 represents the output loss of the first antenna, the curve LB2 represents the output loss of the second antenna, and LB1 VS LB2 represents the isolation degree between the first antenna and the second antenna. From Figure 15 it can be seen that both the first antenna and the second antenna have low output losses in this embodiment, and the isolation degree between the first antenna and the second antenna also meets the requirements.

[0221] Refer to Figure 16 , Figure 16 is Figure 14 a schematic diagram of the curves of the total system efficiency and the radiation efficiency of the antenna system in the terminal device provided for the embodiment shown. Figure 16 Among them, the curve represented by a solid line and labeled LB1 represents the radiation efficiency of the first antenna, the curve represented by a dotted line and labeled LB1 represents the total system efficiency of the first antenna, the curve represented by a solid line and labeled LB2 represents the radiation efficiency of the second antenna, and the curve represented by a dotted line and labeled LB2 represents the total system efficiency of the second antenna. From Figure 16 it can be seen that the total efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna and the radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna both meet the requirements of the antenna design.

[0222] Refer to Figure 17 In an embodiment, the terminal device 100 is of a foldable design. Figure 17It is a schematic diagram of an antenna system when the terminal device 100 is in a state where the first body 1 and the second body 2 are folded relative to each other. The structural features between the first radiator 311 of the first antenna on the first body 1 and the parasitic stub on the second body 2 are shown from the side. In this embodiment, in addition to the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 provided in the first body 1, the antenna system further includes a parasitic stub 35, and the parasitic stub 35 is provided on the second body 2. When the terminal device 100 is in the folded state, the parasitic stub 35 and the first antenna 31 are stacked. The parasitic stub 35 includes a first branch 351 and a second branch 352. The first branch 351 and the second branch 352 are spaced apart. One end of the first branch 351 adjacent to the second branch 352 is grounded, and one end of the second branch 352 away from the first branch 351 is grounded. When the terminal device 100 is in the folded state, the first branch 351 and the first stub 3111 are stacked and facing each other, and the second branch 352 and the second stub 3112 are stacked and facing each other. The gap between the parasitic stub 35 and the first antenna 31 is used to couple the current of the first antenna 31 to the parasitic stub 35, so that when the first antenna 31 is excited, the parasitic stub 35 can be excited to generate a C-mode resonance, improving the handset model performance.

[0223] Refer to Figure 18 , Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna system when the state of the terminal device is that the first body and the second body are folded relative to each other. Figure 18 The embodiment shown and Figure 17 The difference between the embodiment shown is that Figure 18 An antenna system provided in an embodiment is based on the Figure 17 antenna system provided and an inductance structure 36 is added. The inductance structure 36 is connected between the parasitic stub 35 and the ground plane. The setting of the inductance structure 36 can adjust the electric field at the gap positions at both ends of the first branch 351, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the right-hand mode of the antenna system. The range of the inductance value of the inductance structure 36 is: greater than or equal to 2 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH. For example, the inductance value of the inductance structure 36 can be 3 nH.

[0224] Refer to Figure 19 , Figure 19 For Figure 17 the S11 curve of the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown and Figure 18 the comparison diagram of the S11 curves of the antenna systems provided by the embodiments shown. That is, among the two curves, one curve is in the state without adding the inductance structure, and the other curve is in the state with the added inductance structure. From Figure 19It can be seen that the inductance structure can construct a C-mode resonance. Therefore, by adding an inductance structure connected between the parasitic stub and the ground plane, the efficiency of the right-handed mode of the first antenna can be improved.

[0225] Refer to Figure 20 , Figure 20 For Figure 17 the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in Figure 18 and the comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in

[0226] Refer to Figure 21 , Figure 21 For Figure 17 the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in Figure 18 and the comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in

[0227] In the foregoing embodiments of the present application, the specific grounding method of each grounding point or the stub that needs to be grounded may be: being abutted by a spring piece and electrically connected to the ground plane in the terminal device, or being fixedly connected (such as welded) to the ground plane by arranging a grounding stub at the position of each grounding point.

[0228] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the magnitudes of the serial numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0229] The above description is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, and all of them should be covered by the protection scope of the present application; without conflict, the possible embodiments of the present application and the features in the possible embodiments can be combined with each other. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A terminal device, characterized in that: include: The device body comprises a first body, a second body and a rotating shaft, wherein the first body and the second body are connected by the rotating shaft so that the first body and the second body can be relatively folded or unfolded, the first body comprises a first side edge, a second side edge and a third side edge, the first side edge and the second side edge are arranged opposite to each other, the third side edge is connected between the first side edge and the second side edge, and the second side edge is used to arrange the rotating shaft; and An antenna system, comprising a first antenna, a second antenna and a radio frequency chip, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna and the radio frequency chip are all arranged in the first body, the first antenna is used to generate a first resonance, and the second antenna is used to generate a second resonance; The first antenna includes a first radiator and a first feeding structure, at least part of the first radiator is distributed on the first side, the second antenna includes a second radiator and a second feeding structure, at least part of the second radiator is distributed on the third side, and the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are electrically connected to the RF chip; The first antenna also includes an inductive structure and a capacitive structure, the first radiator includes a first branch and a second branch, the first branch and at least part of the second branch are spaced apart and distributed in different areas of the first side, at least part of the second branch is located on a side of the first branch adjacent to the third side, the end of the first branch away from the second branch is an open end, the first branch includes a first feeding point, a first position and a first end, the first feeding point is electrically connected to the first feeding structure, the inductive structure is electrically connected between the first position and the floor, the second branch includes a second end and a grounding point, the grounding point and the second end are spaced apart, and the second end and the first end are coupled through the capacitive structure.

2. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the first antenna and the second antenna is a main antenna, and the other of the first antenna and the second antenna is a diversity antenna.

3. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: All regions of the second branch are distributed on the first side, and the grounding point is located at a position of the second branch adjacent to the third side.

4. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first feeding point, the first position and the first end are arranged in sequence on the first branch along the extension direction of the first side, and the first branch part from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance, and the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is f', and the first resonance is f1, wherein 35%≦f' / f1≦60%.

5. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698MHz-960MHz, the first feeding point, the first position and the first end are arranged sequentially on the first branch along the extension direction of the first side, the first branch part from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance, and the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is in the range of 300MHz-500MHz.

6. The terminal device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second resonant frequency band includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz-960 MHz.

7. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inductive structure includes a first connecting segment, a second connecting segment and a main branch connected between the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment, wherein the first connecting segment is connected between one end of the main branch and the floor, and the second connecting segment is connected between the other end of the main branch and the first position.

8. The terminal device according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting section is located between the second connecting section and the first feeding point; or the second connecting section is located between the first connecting section and the first feeding point.

9. The terminal device according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting section is located between the second connecting section and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connecting section and the first end is less than or equal to one quarter of the length of the first branch.

10. The terminal device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inductive structure includes a lumped inductor electrically connected between the first location and a floor.

11. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to one eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

12. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz-960 MHz, and the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to 20 mm; or, The distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to one half of the length of the first branch.

13. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is a fixed value, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 4nH and less than or equal to 7nH; or, the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is adjustable, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 2nH and less than or equal to 7nH.

14. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first branch is between one quarter and one half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and the length of the second branch is between one sixth and one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

15. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the length of the first branch section to the length of the second branch section is in the range of greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

16. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure is in the range of greater than or equal to 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF.

17. The terminal device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The capacitive structure comprises a capacitive device, which is located at the inner side of the first side and is arranged on the circuit board, and two ends of the capacitive device are electrically connected to the first end and the second end respectively.

18. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: All parts of the second radiator are located on the third side.

19. The terminal device according to claim 18, characterized in that: A second feeding point is provided on the second radiator, and the second feeding point is electrically connected to the second feeding structure. The first end of the second radiator is an open end, and the second end of the second radiator is a ground end. Compared with the open end of the second radiator, the ground end is adjacent to the second side, and the extension direction of the second radiator is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first side.

20. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second radiator extends from the first side to the third side, and the second radiator includes a first part and a second part that are interconnected as a whole, the second part is located on the third side, the first part is located on the first side, an end of the first part away from the second part is connected to the second branch of the first radiator and is grounded, and the second feeding point of the second radiator is located on the second part.

21. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first body further includes a fourth side, the fourth side and the third side are arranged opposite to each other, the antenna system further includes a third antenna, the working frequency band of the third antenna includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 1700MHz-2700MHz; the third antenna includes a third radiator and a third feeding structure, and the third feeding structure is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip; At least part of the third radiator is distributed on the fourth side; or, at least part of the third radiator is distributed on the first side, and the third radiator distributed on the first side is located on a side of the first radiator away from the third side.

22. The terminal device according to claim 21, characterized in that: A button is provided on the first side, and the button is located on a side of the first branch away from the second branch. There is an insulating gap between the button and the first branch, and part of the third radiator is located at the button.

23. The terminal device according to claim 21, characterized in that: At least a portion of the third radiator is located on the third side and between the second radiator and the first radiator.

24. The terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal device is a smart phone; or, when the terminal device is in a folded state, the first side is a long side, the third side is a short side, the size range of the first side is less than or equal to 170 mm, and the size range of the third side is less than or equal to 80 mm.

25. An antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first feeding structure, a first radiator, an inductive structure and a capacitive structure, wherein the first radiator comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are spaced apart, the end of the first branch away from the second branch is an open end, the first branch comprises a first feeding point, a first position and a first end, the first feeding point is electrically connected to the first feeding structure, the inductive structure is electrically connected between the first position and the floor, the second branch comprises a second end and a grounding point, the grounding point and the second end are spaced apart, the second end and the first end are coupled through the capacitive structure, and the antenna is used to generate a first resonance; the first branch part from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance, the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is f', the first resonance is f1, wherein 35%≦f' / f1≦60%.

26. The antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that The inductive structure includes a first connecting segment, a second connecting segment and a main branch connected between the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment, wherein the first connecting segment is connected between one end of the main branch and the floor, and the second connecting segment is connected between the other end of the main branch and the first position.

27. The antenna according to claim 26, characterized in that In the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting section is located between the second connecting section and the first feeding point; or the second connecting section is located between the first connecting section and the first feeding point.

28. The antenna according to claim 26, characterized in that In the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting section is located between the second connecting section and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connecting section and the first end is less than or equal to one quarter of the length of the first branch.

29. The antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that The inductive structure includes a lumped inductor electrically connected between the first location and a floor.

30. The antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that The frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz-960 MHz, and the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to 20 mm; or, The distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to one half of the length of the first branch.

31. The antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that The first resonant frequency band includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz-960 MHz.

32. The antenna according to claim 31, characterized in that The equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is a fixed value, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 4nH and less than or equal to 7nH; or, the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is adjustable, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 2nH and less than or equal to 7nH.

33. The antenna according to claim 31, characterized in that A frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is in the range of 300 MHz-500 MHz.

34. The antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that The length of the first branch is between one quarter and one half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and the length of the second branch is between one sixth and one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

35. The antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that The ratio of the length of the first branch section to the length of the second branch section is in the range of greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

36. The antenna according to any one of claims 25 to 35, characterized in that: The equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure is in the range of greater than or equal to 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF.

37. The antenna according to claim 36, characterized in that When the frequency of the first resonance is 960 MHz, the frequency of the three-quarter mode excited by the antenna is between 135% and 160% of the frequency of the first resonance.

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