Intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure
By setting up anti-seepage ridges and test protection areas on the periphery of the test community, burying porous drainage concealed pipes and soil profile moisture sensors, configuring automatic water supply and drainage equipment, installing groundwater burial depth monitoring equipment and irrigation and collection control cabinets, the problem that the existing test communities cannot effectively prevent seepage and insufficient monitoring data accuracy is solved, and effective anti-seepage and high-precision monitoring of the test community is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421721190.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-19
AI Technical Summary
The existing test communities have inadequate design structure and construction technology, which leads to the inability to effectively prevent seepage, the second-season crop rotation cannot be carried out, and the monitoring equipment is insufficient to meet the comprehensive, stability and accuracy requirements of scientific research and test data indicators.
Design an intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure, including setting up anti-seepage ridges and test protection areas on the periphery of the test community, burying porous drainage concealed pipes and soil profile moisture sensors, configuring automatic water supply and drainage equipment, installing groundwater burial depth monitoring equipment and irrigation and collection control cabinets.
It has achieved effective anti-seepage of the field ridges in the test community, supported second-season crop rotation, improved the stability and accuracy of monitoring data, met the data index requirements of scientific research and experiments, and extended the service life of field equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN222941431U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of novel intelligent irrigation and drainage technology, and in particular to an intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure. Background Art
[0002] At present, the experimental plot is a special facility built in the field to measure the water demand of crops or conduct new irrigation tests and new technologies according to the principle of water balance. When the irrigation test stations in various places build experimental plots, the area of each experimental plot is 0.1 mu or multiples of 0.1 mu. The number of experimental plots is generally based on the principle of 3 repetitions and 2-6 control groups for construction and related scientific research experiments; the ridge materials of the experimental plot are generally brick ridges or cast-in-place concrete ridges, the inner wall of the ridge is anti-seepage, and the ridge is 60cm-90cm below the soil surface.
[0003] The existing experimental plots under construction have problems such as inadequate design structure and construction technology, the inability to effectively prevent seepage in the experimental field ridges and the inability to perform analysis and calculation based on water balance. There is also a problem of being unable to carry out two-season rotation (dry farming and aquatic farming). In addition, the types of monitoring of the configured automated equipment are incomplete, the installation structure is unreasonable, and the monitoring equipment is not accurate enough. As a result, the scientific research test data indicators cannot be fully met, the data is not stable enough, and the accuracy is not enough. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to improve the anti-seepage requirements of the experimental field after construction, and to carry out two-season rotation (dry farming and aquatic farming), the types of field monitoring indicators, stability and accuracy can meet the requirements of the test specifications, and at the same time improve the service life of field equipment in the field, this application provides an intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure.
[0005] The intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] An intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure, comprising a plurality of test plots and a plurality of test protection areas outside the test plots, characterized in that: a plurality of anti-seepage ridges are arranged around the periphery of the plurality of test plots, a porous drainage pipe is buried in the middle of the plurality of test plots, a drainage pipe U-shaped valve is fixed at one end of the porous drainage pipe, the drainage pipe U-shaped valve penetrates a fixed water well for flood control and drainage, a soil profile moisture sensor is arranged on one side of the interior of the plurality of test plots, and a groundwater depth monitoring device is fixed in the middle between the plurality of test plots;
[0007] A number of water supply manholes arranged in an array are provided on one side of the test protection zone, automatic water supply equipment and field water supply pipelines are installed inside the water supply manholes, one side of the field water supply pipeline is fixedly connected to the test plot, a drainage manhole is provided on one side of the test protection zone, automatic drainage valves are provided inside the drainage manhole, an irrigation collection control cabinet is provided in one corner of the test protection zone, and the irrigation collection control cabinet is fixedly connected to the soil profile moisture sensor, groundwater depth monitoring equipment, and water wells for flood control and drainage.
[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, the experimental protection zone is used to effectively prevent lateral seepage on the ridges of the experimental plot and effectively avoid the boundary heat effect of the crops in the experimental area. The porous drainage pipe is used to lower the groundwater level in the experimental plot area when necessary. The water supply manhole is built in the experimental protection zone for installing automatic water supply equipment in the field. The field water supply pipeline passes through the water supply manhole to reach the experimental plot. The drainage manhole is built in the experimental protection zone for installing automatic drainage equipment in the field.
[0009] Preferably, a ridge outside the protection zone is fixedly arranged around the periphery of the experimental protection zone.
[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the outer ridge is also used to prevent lateral seepage on the ridge of the experimental plot.
[0011] Preferably, a drainage ditch for drainage is provided on the outside of one side of the test protection area.
[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the drainage ditch can drain rainwater and the like efficiently.
[0013] Preferably, the anti-seepage ridge comprises a concrete ridge fixed between a plurality of the test plots, ridge steel bars are fixed inside the concrete ridge, and ridge stainless steel plates are fixed inside the ridge steel bars.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the steel bars and steel plates on the ridges can be better reinforced and waterproofed.
[0015] Preferably, the automatic water supply equipment includes an irrigation pipeline fixedly passing through both sides of the inner cavity of the water supply manhole, an irrigation solenoid valve is fixedly provided on one side of the irrigation pipeline, an irrigation pulse signaling water meter is fixedly provided on one side of the irrigation solenoid valve, and a flange joint is fixedly provided on the other side of the irrigation pipeline.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the solenoid valve can control the water flow, the irrigation pulse flood meter can monitor the change of water flow, and the flange joint can be easily and conveniently disassembled and assembled.
[0017] Preferably, a sensor cable connected to an irrigation collection control cabinet is provided on one side of the soil profile moisture sensor.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the sensor cable can transmit the data collected by the soil profile moisture sensor to the irrigation collection control cabinet.
[0019] Preferably, the drainage manhole includes a drainage pipe fixed at one end that passes through the drainage manhole and the field ridge outside the protected area, and the drainage pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the drainage ditch, and one end of the drainage pipe located inside the drainage manhole is fixedly connected to the automatic drainage valve, and the other end of the drainage pipe is fixedly provided with a porous drainage protective cover.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the drainage manhole is used to install automatic drainage equipment in the field, and the drainage pipeline passes through the manhole with one end in the test area and another end in the drainage ditch.
[0021] Preferably, a plurality of negative pressure automatic soil water sampling devices are provided on one side of the plurality of anti-seepage ridges.
[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the negative pressure automatic soil water sampling equipment is used after rainfall or when soil water sampling is needed.
[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0024] 1. A reasonable test protection area is set up outside the test plot to effectively prevent lateral seepage from the ridges. In order to prevent seepage while avoiding disturbing the original soil in the test area as little as possible, a stainless steel plate is sandwiched between the concrete ridges under the soil to separate each test field. A pulse signal water meter structure is adopted to accurately control the surface water supply. In order to automatically control the drainage of the test plot, each test plot is equipped with an independent automatic drainage valve. In order to quickly drain water after rainfall on the ground, a multi-porous drainage pipe is buried 80 cm below the soil surface in the long direction of the middle of each test plot, and the drainage outlet is guided to the drainage well on the right side of the test area. In order to monitor soil parameter data at different depths without disturbing the test field as much as possible, a soil profile moisture sensor is installed. In order to enable the test plot to carry out water and soil environment research, in each experimental plot, three points of negative pressure soil water sampling equipment are arranged, which can take water samples at different soil depths in real time without disturbing the soil when profile water samples are needed. Analyze the pollutant indicators of concern; in order to obtain the groundwater depth in the area of the community in real time for water-saving irrigation, groundwater depth monitoring equipment is installed; in order to realize data collection and intelligent irrigation in the test plot, a set of irrigation collection control cabinets are configured for data collection, control and display. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plan of this application;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of a field ridge of this application;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation of the surface irrigation equipment for the water supply manhole of this application;
[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the soil profile moisture sensor installation for this application;
[0029] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the layout of the automatic drainage equipment for the drainage manhole of this application.
[0030] Reference numerals: 1. Experimental plot; 2. Experimental protection area;
[0031] 3. Anti-seepage ridge; 31. Concrete ridge; 32. Ridge steel bar; 33. Ridge stainless steel plate;
[0032] 4. Field ridges outside the protected area; 5. Water supply manholes;
[0033] 6. Automatic water supply equipment; 61. Irrigation solenoid valve; 62. Irrigation pulse signal water meter; 63. Flange joint; 64. Irrigation pipeline;
[0034] 7. Field water supply pipeline;
[0035] 8. Drainage manhole; 81. Drainage pipe; 82. Multi-porous drainage protective cover;
[0036] 9. Automatic drainage valve; 10. Drainage ditch; 11. Multi-hole drainage pipe; 12. Water well for flood control and drainage; 13. U-shaped valve for drainage pipe;
[0037] 14. Soil profile moisture sensor; 141. Sensor cable;
[0038] 15. Negative pressure automatic soil water sampling equipment; 16. Groundwater depth monitoring equipment; 17. Irrigation collection control cabinet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.
[0040] The embodiment of the present application discloses an intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure.
[0041] Example 1
[0042] Reference Figure 1, an intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure, including a plurality of test plots 1 built in the field, generally consisting of at least 6 test plots of 0.1 mu in area, and each plot is separated by an anti-seepage ridge 3, the anti-seepage ridge 3 is 20 cm above the soil surface and buried 90 cm below the soil surface, and the anti-seepage ridge 3 also includes a circle of concrete ridges 31 fixedly set between the plurality of test plots 1, and the interior of the concrete ridge 31 has ridge steel bars 32 fixedly set horizontally and vertically, and the interior of the ridge steel bars 32 is connected to the The stainless steel plates 33 of the ridges are fixedly connected, and at least 5 negative pressure automatic soil water sampling devices 15 of different depths are arranged in an array on one side of several anti-seepage ridges 3. A test protection area 2 is set outside several test plots 1. A porous drainage pipe 11 located 80 cm below the soil surface is buried in the middle of several test plots 1, and one end of the porous drainage pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the drainage pipe U-shaped valve 13, and one end of the drainage pipe U-shaped valve 13 is also fixedly passed through the water well 12 for flood relief and drainage.
[0043] A soil profile moisture sensor 14 capable of simultaneously monitoring soil moisture content, soil temperature and soil conductivity data at different depths is provided on one side of the interior of the several test plots 1. A sensor cable 141 is provided on one side of the soil profile moisture sensor 14, and the other end of the sensor cable 141 is connected to an irrigation collection control cabinet 17. In the middle of the whole composed of several test plots 1, a groundwater depth monitoring device 16 for real-time measurement of the groundwater depth in the area of the test plot 1 is fixedly provided.
[0044] Through the above settings, the experimental protection area 2 is built around the outer periphery of the experimental plot 1, and the depth size is consistent with the anti-seepage ridge 3, which is used to effectively prevent lateral seepage of the ridge of the experimental plot 1 and effectively avoid the boundary thermal effect of the crops in the experimental area. The porous drainage pipe 11 is buried 80 cm below the soil surface of each experimental plot 1, and is connected to the water well 12 for flood control and drainage through a pipeline, which is used to lower the groundwater level in the area of the experimental plot 1 when needed. The soil profile moisture sensor 14 can simultaneously monitor the soil moisture content, soil temperature and soil conductivity data at different depths, and is used to monitor the soil moisture content and soil water quality changes in real time. The groundwater depth monitoring equipment 16 is used to measure the groundwater depth in the area of the experimental plot 1 in real time. The negative pressure automatic soil water sampling equipment 15 has at least 5 different depths in each place to better extract water samples at different depths of the soil after rainfall or when soil water sampling is needed.
[0045] On one side of the experimental protection zone 2, there are provided a plurality of arrays arranged for installing automatic water supply equipment 6 in the field, and a field water supply pipeline 7 passes through the water supply manhole 5 to reach the experimental plot 1, and the automatic water supply equipment 6 fixed inside the water supply manhole 5 includes an irrigation pipeline 64 fixedly passing through both sides of the inner cavity of the water supply manhole 5, and one side of the irrigation pipeline 64 is fixedly connected to the irrigation solenoid valve 61, and the irrigation pipeline 64 located on one side of the irrigation solenoid valve 61 is fixedly connected to the irrigation pulse signaling water meter 62, and the irrigation pipeline 64 is fixedly connected to the flange joint 63 away from the irrigation pulse signaling water meter 62, and one side of the field water supply pipeline 7 fixed inside the water supply manhole 5 is fixedly connected to the experimental plot 1.
[0046] On the side opposite to the test protection area 2 and the water supply manhole 5, a plurality of drainage manholes 8 are fixedly arranged, and the interior of the drainage manhole 8 is fixedly penetrated with one end of a drainage pipe 81, and one end of the drainage pipe 81 is fixedly penetrated through the drainage manhole 8 and the field ridge 4 outside the protection area, and the drainage pipe 81 is connected to the inner cavity of the drainage ditch 10, and the drainage pipe 81 is located in the middle of one end of the interior of the drainage manhole 8 and is fixedly connected to the automatic drainage valve 9, and the end of the drainage pipe 81 away from the automatic drainage valve 9 is connected to the porous drainage protective cover 8. 2 is fixedly connected, and an irrigation collection control cabinet 17 is fixedly installed at a corner of the test protection zone 2 located on one side of the water supply manhole 5, and the irrigation collection control cabinet 17 is fixedly connected to the soil profile moisture sensor 14, the groundwater depth monitoring equipment 16, and the water well 12 for flood relief and drainage, and a ridge 4 outside the protection zone with the same structure as the anti-seepage ridge 3 is fixedly installed around the periphery of the test protection zone 2, and a drainage ditch 10 for drainage is opened on the outside of the ridge 4 outside the protection zone of the test protection zone 2.
[0047] Through the above arrangement, a water supply manhole 5 is built in the test protection zone 2, and is used to install automatic water supply equipment 6 in the field. The field water supply pipeline 7 passes through the water supply manhole 5 to reach the test plot 1. The automatic water supply equipment 6 is installed in the water supply manhole 5, and is used to supply the set quota irrigation water volume from the surface to the test protection zone 2. The drainage manhole 8 is built in the test protection zone 2, and is used to install automatic drainage equipment in the field. The drainage pipe 81 passes through the drainage manhole 8, one end of which is in the test protection zone 2, and another part is in the drainage ditch 10. The irrigation collection control cabinet 17 controls the automatic irrigation and drainage of the entire test plot 1 and collects the soil profile moisture sensor 14, the groundwater depth monitoring equipment 16 and the water level data of the flood relief and drainage well 12 in the test plot 1, and calculates the evaporation and transpiration of the entire test plot 1.
[0048] The implementation principle of an intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: a test protection area 2 is set up outside the test area 1, and is equipped with automatic water supply equipment 6, automatic drainage valve 9, soil profile moisture sensor 14, negative pressure automatic soil water sampling equipment 15, water wells 12 for flood control and drainage, groundwater depth monitoring equipment 16 and an irrigation collection control cabinet 17 for the test area 1.
[0049] A circle of experimental protection zone 2 is set up outside the experimental plot 1. The width of the experimental protection zone 2 is greater than 2m. The same crops are planted in the experimental plot 1 and the experimental protection zone 2, which can reduce the boundary thermal effect and prevent seepage measurement. At the same time, the experimental plot 1 is built in the wild field, generally consisting of at least 6 experimental fields with an area of 0.1 mu. The fields are separated by the experimental plot anti-seepage ridge 3. The height of the anti-seepage ridge 3 above the soil surface is 20cm, which can meet the requirements of planting dry crops and rice. A 316L stainless steel plate is sandwiched between the experimental plot 1 and the anti-seepage ridge 3, which effectively reduces the disturbance caused by excavation of the experimental field and can prevent seepage measurement.
[0050] The porous drainage concealed pipe 11 is buried in the middle of each test plot 1, 80 cm below the ground. The porous drainage concealed pipe 11 is a porous plum blossom pipe wrapped with 80-mesh gauze. The other end is introduced into the flood and water well 12 through a pipeline. The U-shaped valve 13 of the drainage concealed pipe at the outlet end can control different water level heights, and the soil profile moisture sensor 14 can measure the soil volume moisture content, soil temperature and soil conductivity of each test plot 1 at 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, 75 cm, and 100 cm below the surface. During installation, it can be rotated into the soil without excavating the test area, and the moisture content monitoring error is no more than 2%.
[0051] The soil profile moisture sensor 14 is buried at a distance of not less than 1m from the test field ridge, which can avoid the influence of the field ridge boundary. The upper sleeve of the sensor cable 141 in the field soil is equipped with a 304 stainless steel spring tube to ensure that the sensor cable 141 is not damaged when the field is turned over. The automatic water supply equipment 6 selects the irrigation pulse signaling water meter 62 as the water supply metering equipment. The water supply resolution can reach 1L, and the irrigation water supply error is not more than 2%.
[0052] Automatic soil water sampling equipment is installed in three different profiles of the test area, with five different depths in each profile. It can take out soil water samples from the non-excavation soil surface in real time and for a long time for testing and analyzing the content of pollutants in the two-dimensional profile of the test area, and derive the migration patterns of pollutants of concern in the soil.
[0053] When the negative pressure automatic soil water sampling equipment 15 is deployed in the field, a 304 stainless steel spring tube of matching size is put on the nylon tube of the water sampling sensor to ensure that the field sampling tube is not damaged by turning over the crops. The groundwater depth monitoring equipment 16 buries a 2.2mφ110 plum blossom-shaped porous tube in the field. The plum blossom-shaped porous tube is 0.4m-2m below the soil surface. The upper end of the tube is level with the ridge and the bottom is sealed. The outer wall of the porous tube is wrapped with 80-mesh gauze, so that the groundwater depth monitoring equipment 16 can measure in real time inside the tube.
[0054] The irrigation collection control cabinet 17 is provided with a touch-type computer, which can run data collection software, and the data collection software can automatically decide irrigation according to the upper and lower limits of the soil moisture content of the test plot 1. (The upper and lower limits of the moisture content suitable for the soil field and the current crop in the test area can be set to carry out fine field intelligent water-saving irrigation).
[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure, comprising a plurality of test plots (1) and a plurality of test protection areas (2) outside the test plots (1), characterized in that: Several anti-seepage ridges (3) are arranged around the periphery of the several test plots (1), a porous drainage pipe (11) is buried in the middle of the several test plots (1), a drainage pipe U-shaped valve (13) is fixed at one end of the porous drainage pipe (11), and the drainage pipe U-shaped valve (13) penetrates a fixed water well (12) for flood control and drainage, a soil profile moisture sensor (14) is arranged on one side of the interior of the several test plots (1), and a groundwater depth monitoring device (16) is fixed in the middle between the several test plots (1); A plurality of water supply manholes (5) arranged in an array are provided on one side of the test protection area (2). An automatic water supply device (6) and a field water supply pipeline (7) are fixedly installed inside the water supply manhole (5). One side of the field water supply pipeline (7) is fixedly connected to the test plot (1). A drainage manhole (8) is fixedly installed on one side of the test protection area (2). An automatic drainage valve (9) is installed inside the drainage manhole (8). An irrigation collection control cabinet (17) is fixedly installed in one corner of the test protection area (2). The irrigation collection control cabinet (17) is fixedly connected to a soil profile moisture sensor (14), a groundwater depth monitoring device (16), and a water well (12) for flood relief and drainage.
2. The intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A field ridge (4) outside the protection area is fixedly arranged around the periphery of the experimental protection area (2).
3. The intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage ditch (10) for drainage is provided on the outside of one side of the test protection area (2).
4. The intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-seepage ridge (3) comprises a concrete ridge (31) fixed between a plurality of the experimental plots (1), a ridge steel bar (32) fixed inside the concrete ridge (31), and a ridge stainless steel plate (33) fixed inside the ridge steel bar (32).
5. The intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic water supply device (6) comprises an irrigation pipeline (64) fixedly penetrating both sides of the inner cavity of the water supply manhole (5); an irrigation solenoid valve (61) is fixedly provided on one side of the irrigation pipeline (64); an irrigation pulse signaling water meter (62) is fixedly provided on one side of the irrigation solenoid valve (61); and a flange joint (63) is fixedly provided on the other side of the irrigation pipeline (64).
6. The intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sensor cable (141) connected to the irrigation collection control cabinet (17) is provided on one side of the soil profile moisture sensor (14).
7. The intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage manhole (8) comprises a drainage pipe (81) with one end fixedly penetrating the drainage manhole (8) and the field ridge (4) outside the protection area, and the drainage pipe (81) is communicated with the inner cavity of the drainage ditch (10), and one end of the drainage pipe (81) located inside the drainage manhole (8) is fixedly connected to the automatic drainage valve (9), and the other end of the drainage pipe (81) is fixedly provided with a porous drainage protective cover (82).
8. The intelligent irrigation and drainage test structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of negative pressure automatic soil water sampling devices (15) are provided on one side of the plurality of anti-seepage ridges (3).