Workpiece positioning and centering tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of workpiece machining, positioning and clamping, in particular to a workpiece positioning and centering tool which limits the moving track of a positioning part through a limiting device, prevents a clamping jaw from falling off and deviating to increase positioning errors in the positioning process, positions an inner hole or the appearance of a workpiece through a driving device, and improves the positioning precision. The center of the workpiece is rapidly determined, the state of the limiting device is rapidly recovered after the workpiece is machined through the homing device, secondary workpiece positioning is facilitated, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, the device is simple in structure, the center of the workpiece can be rapidly positioned according to the appearance and the inner hole of the workpiece, and the practicability of the device is improved; comprising a limiting device, a driving device and a homing device, the driving device is installed on the limiting device, and the homing device is installed on the limiting device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of workpiece processing positioning and clamping, in particular to a workpiece positioning and centering tool. Background Art

[0002] Workpiece positioning and centering tooling plays an important role in the mechanical manufacturing process. It is mainly used to ensure the precise position and stability of the workpiece during the processing. Conventional workpieces are usually measured according to their shape, and the data is converted and marked to find the center, specifically the inner hole and shape of the workpiece; or CNC equipment such as machining centers use edge finders to find edges and points multiple times, and then the equipment converts the center and positions. These methods of center positioning are inaccurate or take a long time and are inefficient.

[0003] The Chinese utility model patent with application number CN202322402924.1 in the prior art relates to a positioning fixture for a machining center, including a machining center body, a slide rail, a positioning fixture, a fixed clamp, a rotating bolt, a fixed block and a synchronous gear, etc., which can clamp and position workpieces of various sizes, thereby enhancing the applicability of the positioning fixture for the machining center.

[0004] However, the above device does not have the ability to determine the center of the inner hole of the workpiece in actual use, and the above device has a complex structure and high use cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a workpiece positioning and centering tool which limits the moving trajectory of the positioning component through a limiting device to prevent the jaws from falling off and deviating during the positioning process to increase the positioning error; the driving device is used to position the inner hole or outer shape of the workpiece to quickly determine the center of the workpiece; and the homing device is used to quickly restore the state of the limiting device after the workpiece processing is completed to facilitate secondary workpiece positioning, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the operator. The device itself has a simple structure and can quickly locate the center of the workpiece according to the outer shape and inner hole of a regular polygon or circular workpiece, thereby improving the practicality of the device.

[0006] The utility model discloses a workpiece positioning centering tool, which comprises a limiting device, a driving device and a returning device, wherein the driving device is mounted on the limiting device, and the returning device is mounted on the limiting device. The moving trajectory of the positioning component is limited by the limiting device to prevent the jaws from falling off and deviating during the positioning process to increase the positioning error. The driving device is used to position the inner hole or the outer shape of the workpiece to quickly determine the center of the workpiece. The returning device is used to quickly restore the state of the limiting device after the workpiece processing is completed, so as to facilitate the secondary positioning of the workpiece, reduce the labor intensity of the operator, and the device itself has a simple structure and can quickly locate the center of the workpiece according to the outer shape and the inner hole of the workpiece, thereby improving the practicability of the device.

[0007] Preferably, the limiting device includes a base, a sliding groove, a limiting groove, a clamping jaw, a positioning pin and a limiting block. A circular groove and multiple groups of sliding grooves are arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the base. The sliding groove is partially connected to the circular groove. A limiting groove is arranged on the upper side of the sliding groove. Multiple groups of clamping jaws are located in the sliding groove. A group of limiting blocks are respectively arranged on the upper side of the clamping jaws corresponding to the position of the limiting groove. Positioning pins are arranged on the upper end surface of the clamping jaw. The sliding process of the clamping jaw is limited by the sliding groove, the limiting groove and the limiting block, so as to reduce the error of the positioning process caused by the up and down shaking of the clamping jaw during the movement. The inner hole or the outer shape of the workpiece is tightened and contracted by the cooperation of multiple groups of positioning pins, so as to complete the rapid positioning of the center of the workpiece and improve the stability of the positioning of the device.

[0008] Preferably, the driving device includes a nut, a screw, an extrusion head and a wedge head. A nut is installed on the lower end surface of the base, and a screw is connected to the nut. The upper part of the screw extends through the base to the upper side of the base, and the top of the screw is connected to the extrusion head. The lower part of the extrusion head is conical, and a wedge head is provided on the side of the clamping jaw close to the circular groove; the screw is rotated to drive the extrusion head to move downward, thereby squeezing the wedge head on the clamping jaw, driving multiple groups of positioning pins to tighten the inner hole of the workpiece, and during the tightening process, the workpiece on the base is driven to move, and the center position of the workpiece is determined, thereby improving the practicability of the device.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes an extrusion cap, a conical groove and a conical block. The side of the clamp close to the circular groove can also be set as a conical block. The top of the corresponding screw can also be connected to an extrusion cap, and a conical groove is set on the lower end surface of the extrusion cap corresponding to the inclination angle of the conical block itself; the screw is rotated to drive the extrusion cap to move downward, and the clamp is dragged in the direction of the circular groove through the cooperation of the conical groove and the conical block, so as to cooperate with the multiple groups of positioning pins on the clamp to push the shape of the workpiece, quickly determine the center of the workpiece shape, and improve the practicality and applicability of the device.

[0010] Preferably, the return device includes a rectangular groove, a pin and a tension spring, a rectangular groove is provided at the lower part of the clamp, and a group of pins are installed on the top end surface of the rectangular groove and the bottom end surface of the sliding groove. For the clamp with a wedge-shaped head, the pin on the sliding groove is located on the outside of the pin on the top end surface of the rectangular groove, and a tension spring is connected between the two groups of pins. For the clamp with a conical block, the pin on the sliding groove is located on the inside of the pin on the top end surface of the rectangular groove, and a compression spring is connected between the two groups of pins. After positioning and processing the workpiece shape, the workpiece is removed and the screw is rotated to rise, and the clamp is pulled back outward by the tension force provided by the tension spring. After positioning and processing the inner hole of the workpiece, the workpiece is removed and the screw is rotated to rise, and the clamp is pushed back inward by the thrust provided by the compression spring. No manual adjustment is required by the operator, which reduces the labor intensity of the operator and improves the practicality of the device.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the moving trajectory of the positioning component is limited by the limiting device to prevent the jaws from falling off and deviating during the positioning process to increase the positioning error; the inner hole or outer shape of the workpiece is positioned by the driving device to quickly determine the center of the workpiece; the limiting device state is quickly restored by the returning device after the workpiece processing is completed to facilitate secondary workpiece positioning, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the operator; the device itself has a simple structure and can quickly locate the center of the workpiece according to the workpiece shape and inner hole, thereby improving the practicability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the inner hole positioning clamp of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional structure of the external positioning clamp of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the inner hole positioning clamp of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a second cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the external positioning clamp of the utility model;

[0016] Markings in the accompanying drawings: 1. base (1); 2. sliding groove (2); 3. limiting groove (3); 4. clamping claw (4); 5. positioning pin (5); 6. limiting block (6); 7. nut (7); 8. screw (8); 9. extrusion head (9); 10. extrusion cap (10); 11. conical groove (11); 12. conical block (12); 13. wedge-shaped head (13); 14. rectangular groove (14); 15. pin (15); 16. tension spring (16). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to facilitate the understanding of the utility model, the utility model will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. The utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the utility model more thorough and comprehensive. Example

[0018] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The driving device shown is installed on the limiting device, and the homing device is installed on the limiting device;

[0019] First, determine the positioning method for the workpiece. When positioning the workpiece shape, install the clamping jaw 4 with a conical block 12 in the sliding groove 2, and connect the screw 8 connected to the extrusion cap 10 with the nut 7, place the workpiece on the base 1, and then rotate the screw 8 to drive the extrusion cap 10 to move downward, and drag the clamping jaw 4 in the direction of the circular groove through the cooperation of the conical groove 11 and the conical block 12, so as to cooperate with the multiple groups of positioning pins 5 on the clamping jaw 4 to push the shape of the workpiece and quickly determine the center of the workpiece shape; when positioning the inner hole of the workpiece, install the clamping jaw 4 with a wedge head 13 on the sliding groove 2. In the movable groove 2, the screw rod 8 connected with the extrusion head 9 is connected with the nut 7 at the same time, the workpiece is placed on the base 1, and then the screw rod 8 is rotated to drive the extrusion head 9 to move downward, driving multiple groups of positioning nails 5 to tighten the inner hole of the workpiece. During the tightening process, the workpiece on the base 1 is displaced to determine the center position of the workpiece. After positioning the workpiece shape and completing the processing, the workpiece is removed and the screw rod 8 is rotated to rise, and the tension spring 16 provides a pulling force to pull the clamping jaw 4 outward. After positioning the inner hole of the workpiece and completing the processing, the workpiece is removed and the screw rod 8 is rotated to rise, and the thrust provided by the compression spring pushes the clamping jaw 4 inward.

[0020] The limiting device includes a base 1, a sliding groove 2, a limiting groove 3, a clamping jaw 4, a positioning pin 5 and a limiting block 6. A circular groove and multiple groups of sliding grooves 2 are arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the base 1. The sliding groove 2 is partially connected to the circular groove. The limiting groove 3 is arranged on the upper side of the sliding groove 2. Multiple groups of clamping jaws 4 are located in the sliding groove 2. A group of limiting blocks 6 are respectively arranged at the position of the upper side of the clamping jaw 4 corresponding to the limiting groove 3. The upper end surface of the clamping jaw 4 is provided with a positioning pin 5;

[0021] The driving device includes a nut 7, a screw rod 8, an extrusion head 9 and a wedge head 13. The nut 7 is installed on the lower end surface of the base 1, and the screw rod 8 is connected to the nut 7. The upper part of the screw rod 8 passes through the base 1 and extends to the upper side of the base 1. The top of the screw rod 8 is connected to the extrusion head 9. The lower part of the extrusion head 9 is conical. The wedge head 13 is provided on the side of the clamping jaw 4 close to the circular groove.

[0022] It also includes an extrusion cap 10, a conical groove 11 and a conical block 12. The side of the clamping jaw 4 close to the circular groove can also be set as a conical block 12, and the top of the corresponding screw 8 can also be connected to the extrusion cap 10. The lower end surface of the extrusion cap 10 is provided with a conical groove 11 corresponding to the inclination angle of the conical block 12 itself;

[0023] The homing device includes a rectangular groove 14, a pin 15 and a tension spring 16. The lower part of the clamping jaw 4 is provided with a rectangular groove 14, and a group of pins 15 are installed on the top end surface of the rectangular groove 14 and the bottom end surface of the sliding groove 2. For the clamping jaw 4 provided with a wedge head 13, the pin 15 on the sliding groove 2 is located on the outside of the pin 15 on the top end surface of the rectangular groove 14, and a tension spring 16 is connected between the two groups of pins 15. For the clamping jaw 4 provided with a conical block 12, the pin 15 on the sliding groove 2 is located on the inside of the pin 15 on the top end surface of the rectangular groove 14, and a compression spring is connected between the two groups of pins 15.

[0024] The moving trajectory of the positioning component is limited by a limiting device to prevent the jaw 4 from falling off and deviating during the positioning process to increase the positioning error. The inner hole or outer shape of the workpiece is positioned by a driving device to quickly determine the center of the workpiece. The limiting device is quickly restored to its state after the workpiece processing is completed by a homing device to facilitate secondary workpiece positioning, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the operator. The device itself has a simple structure and can quickly locate the center of the workpiece according to the workpiece shape and inner hole, thereby improving the practicability of the device.

[0025] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A workpiece positioning and centering tool; characterized in that: The invention comprises a limiting device, a driving device and a returning device, wherein the driving device is mounted on the limiting device, and the returning device is mounted on the limiting device; the limiting device comprises a base (1), a sliding groove (2), a limiting groove (3), a clamping claw (4), a positioning pin (5) and a limiting block (6); a circular groove and a plurality of sliding grooves (2) are arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the base (1); the sliding groove (2) is partially connected to the circular groove; a limiting groove (3) is arranged on the upper side of the sliding groove (2); a plurality of clamping claws (4) are located in the sliding groove (2); a group of limiting blocks (6) are respectively arranged on the upper side of the clamping claw (4) at positions corresponding to the limiting grooves (3); and a positioning pin (5) is arranged on the upper end surface of the clamping claw (4).

2. A workpiece positioning and centering tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device comprises a nut (7), a screw (8), an extrusion head (9) and a wedge-shaped head (13). The nut (7) is mounted on the lower end surface of the base (1). The nut (7) is connected to the screw (8). The upper part of the screw (8) passes through the base (1) and extends to the upper side of the base (1). The top of the screw (8) is connected to the extrusion head (9). The lower part of the extrusion head (9) is conical. The wedge-shaped head (13) is arranged on the side of the clamping jaw (4) close to the circular groove.

3. A workpiece positioning and centering tool as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an extrusion cap (10), a conical groove (11) and a conical block (12); a side of the clamping jaw (4) close to the circular groove is provided with a conical block (12); the top of the corresponding screw rod (8) is connected with an extrusion cap (10); and a conical groove (11) is provided on the lower end surface of the extrusion cap (10) corresponding to the inclination angle of the conical block (12) itself.

4. A workpiece positioning and centering tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The homing device comprises a rectangular groove (14), a pin (15) and a tension spring (16). The lower part of the clamping jaw (4) is provided with a rectangular groove (14). A group of pins (15) are installed on the top end surface of the rectangular groove (14) and the bottom end surface of the sliding groove (2). For the clamping jaw (4) provided with a wedge head (13), the pin (15) on the sliding groove (2) is located outside the pin (15) on the top end surface of the rectangular groove (14), and a tension spring (16) is connected between the two groups of pins (15). For the clamping jaw (4) provided with a conical block (12), the pin (15) on the sliding groove (2) is located inside the pin (15) on the top end surface of the rectangular groove (14), and a compression spring is connected between the two groups of pins (15).

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