Liquid distributor and tubular reactor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of chemical equipment, in particular to a liquid distributor and a tubular reactor, the liquid distributor comprises a distribution cylinder, the distribution cylinder is used for being arranged in a shell pass cylinder of the tubular reactor, and the distribution cylinder is used for forming a distribution cavity with the shell pass cylinder in an enclosing mode; the distribution cylinder is provided with a connecting end, when the connecting end of the distribution cylinder is connected to the lower tube plate, the distribution cavity is communicated with a shell pass inlet in the bottom of the shell pass cylinder body, and when the connecting end of the distribution cylinder is connected to the upper tube plate, the distribution cavity is communicated with a shell pass outlet in the top of the shell pass cylinder body; and a plurality of overflowing through holes are formed in the side peripheral wall of the distribution cylinder. According to the internal flow guide type liquid distributor structure, the overflowing through holes are formed in the distribution cylinder, so that the uniform distribution of a shell pass medium can be realized on the basis of not damaging the complete shell pass cylinder structure; besides a few shell pass inlets and shell pass outlets, the shell pass barrel does not need to be matched with shell pass medium distribution for other tedious machining, the loss risk of the shell pass barrel is effectively reduced, and the structural strength is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of chemical equipment. Specifically, it relates to a liquid distributor and a shell-and-tube reactor including the liquid distributor. Background Art

[0002] A shell-and-tube reactor refers to a reactor in which a chemical reaction occurs inside the tubes, also known as a tube bundle reactor. It can use a heat carrier to remove or supply heat through the tube wall. The tubes are uniformly filled with a catalyst for the reaction, and the heat carrier flows through the space between the tubes. For example, in the coal chemical industry, reactions such as coal or natural gas to syngas, and syngas to liquid fuels (hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, acetic acid series products, etc.) can use a shell-and-tube reactor. The catalyst is filled inside the reaction tubes, and boiling water is in the space between the tubes. The heat released by the reaction is transferred through the tube wall to the boiling water between the tubes to produce by-product steam, thereby preventing local overheating of the catalyst bed and avoiding catalyst carbon deposition.

[0003] In order to uniformly introduce the shell-side medium into the shell-side cylinder of the shell-and-tube reactor, currently, a shell-side medium distribution device is provided at the inlet and outlet of the shell-side cylinder. However, the distribution function of this distribution device often needs to be realized by damaging the complete shell-side cylinder (such as grooving and punching), which will weaken the strength of the shell-side cylinder. Improper operation may very likely cause the shell-side cylinder to be unable to be put into normal use. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a liquid distributor and a shell-and-tube reactor including the liquid distributor, aiming to solve the technical problem that the structural strength of the shell-side cylinder of the existing shell-and-tube reactor is weakened and the loss risk is high.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is: on the one hand, a liquid distributor is provided, which includes a distribution cylinder. The distribution cylinder is used to be arranged inside the shell-side cylinder of the shell-and-tube reactor, and the distribution cylinder is used to enclose a distribution cavity with the shell-side cylinder. The distribution cylinder has a connection end, which is used to be connected to the lower tube sheet at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder or the upper tube sheet at the top of the shell-side cylinder. When the connection end of the distribution cylinder is connected to the lower tube sheet, the distribution cavity is communicated with the shell-side inlet at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder. When the connection end of the distribution cylinder is connected to the upper tube sheet, the distribution cavity is communicated with the shell-side outlet at the top of the shell-side cylinder. A plurality of through-flow holes are formed on the side peripheral wall of the distribution cylinder, and all the plurality of through-flow holes are communicated with the distribution cavity.

[0006] In addition to one or more of the features described herein, or as an alternative, a further embodiment of the liquid distributor may include: the distribution cylinder is used to surround the outer periphery of all the reaction tubes inside the shell-side cylinder, and its inner peripheral wall abuts against the outermost reaction tube inside the shell-side cylinder.

[0007] In addition to one or more features described herein, or as an alternative, a further embodiment of the liquid distributor may include: the distribution cylinder has an outer extension end opposite to the connection end; when the side peripheral wall of the distribution cylinder is connected to the lower tube sheet at its connection end, it faces the shell-side inlet, and the distance between the outer end face of its outer extension end and the center of the shell-side inlet is the inner diameter of the shell-side inlet; when the side peripheral wall of the distribution cylinder is connected to the upper tube sheet at its connection end, it faces the shell-side outlet, and the distance between the outer end face of its outer extension end and the center of the shell-side outlet is the inner diameter of the shell-side outlet.

[0008] In addition to one or more features described herein, or as an alternative, a further embodiment of the liquid distributor may include: a plurality of drainage notches are formed at the circumferential edge of the connection end of the distribution cylinder.

[0009] In addition to one or more features described herein, or as an alternative, a further embodiment of the liquid distributor may include: the flow-through holes are circular holes, rectangular holes, waist-shaped holes or oval holes.

[0010] In addition to one or more features described herein, or as an alternative, a further embodiment of the liquid distributor may include: the plurality of flow-through holes are arranged in at least one row along the circumferential direction of the distribution cylinder; each row of the flow-through holes is arranged at equal intervals, and / or the positions of adjacent two rows of the flow-through holes are staggered from each other.

[0011] In addition to one or more features described herein, or as an alternative, a further embodiment of the liquid distributor may include: when the connection end of the distribution cylinder is connected to the lower tube sheet, the number of each row of the flow-through holes is not less than 4 times the number of the shell-side inlets; when the connection end of the distribution cylinder is connected to the upper tube sheet, the number of each row of the flow-through holes is not less than 4 times the number of the shell-side outlets.

[0012] In addition to one or more features described herein, or as an alternative, a further embodiment of the liquid distributor may include: when the connection end of the distribution cylinder is connected to the lower tube sheet, the sum of the flow areas of the plurality of flow-through holes is not less than 2 times the sum of the flow areas of the shell-side inlets; when the connection end of the distribution cylinder is connected to the upper tube sheet, the sum of the flow areas of the plurality of flow-through holes is not less than 2 times the sum of the flow areas of the shell-side outlets.

[0013] In addition to one or more features described herein, or as an alternative, a further embodiment of the liquid distributor may include: the liquid distributor further includes a baffle plate, and the baffle plate is used to be arranged between the distribution cylinder and the shell-side cylinder body to enclose and form the distribution cavity.

[0014] The second aspect of the present application provides a liquid distributor, which includes a shell-side cylinder body, an upper tube sheet arranged at the top of the shell-side cylinder body, a lower tube sheet arranged at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder body, reaction tubes arranged between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, and two such liquid distributors. A shell-side outlet is provided at the top of the shell-side cylinder body, and a shell-side inlet is provided at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder body; the two liquid distributors are respectively arranged at the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, and the two liquid distributors are both arranged around the outer periphery of the reaction tubes.

[0015] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The liquid distributor is set as a distribution cylinder, and a plurality of flow-through holes are formed on the side peripheral wall of the distribution cylinder, which is simple in structure and easy to implement; further, the distribution cylinder can be used to be arranged in the shell-side cylinder body of a shell-and-tube reactor, and the distribution cylinder is used to enclose and form a distribution cavity with the shell-side cylinder body; the distribution cylinder has a connection end, and this connection end is used to be connected to the lower tube sheet at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder body or the upper tube sheet at the top of the shell-side cylinder body; when the connection end of the distribution cylinder is connected to the lower tube sheet, the distribution cavity is communicated with the shell-side inlet at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder body, and when the connection end of the distribution cylinder is connected to the upper tube sheet, the distribution cavity is communicated with the shell-side outlet at the top of the shell-side cylinder body; thus, it can be seen that in this internal flow-guiding type liquid distributor structure, the flow-through holes are opened on the distribution cylinder, which can help to realize the uniform distribution of the shell-side medium on the basis of not damaging the complete structure of the shell-side cylinder body; and for the shell-side cylinder body adopting this liquid distributor, except for a few shell-side inlets and shell-side outlets, there is no need to cooperate with other cumbersome processing for the distribution of the shell-side medium, effectively reducing the loss risk and ensuring the structural strength.

[0016] Other advantages of the present application and the technical effects of the preferred embodiments will be further described in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic plan view (after unfolding) of the distribution cylinder of the liquid distributor provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the reactor provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part A in

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reactor provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic longitudinal-sectional view of a liquid distributor provided by at least one embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0024] 1: distribution cylinder 1a: connection end 1b: extension end

[0025] 10: distribution cavity 100: flow-through hole 110: drainage notch

[0026] 2: baffle plate

[0027] 3: shell-and-tube reactor 31: shell-side cylinder 32: lower tube sheet

[0028] 33: upper tube sheet 31a: shell-side inlet 31b: shell-side outlet

[0029] 34: reaction tube d1: inner diameter of shell-side inlet d2: inner diameter of shell-side outlet Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0031] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0032] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In addition, in the description of this application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0034] Take Figures 1 to 5 as an example to illustrate and introduce a liquid distributor provided by this application. A liquid distributor provided by this application can be applied to a shell-and-tube reactor and can also be transferred to other types of reactors. It should be noted that as long as the structure and distribution principle of the liquid distributor are the same and the technical problems solved and technical effects are basically the same, applying this liquid distributor to other equipment in this field or similar equipment in other fields should also fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0035] A liquid distributor provided by this application includes a distribution cylinder 1. The distribution cylinder 1 is a cylindrical structure, which can specifically be a cylindrical tube shape, a frustum-shaped tube shape, etc., or can also be set to other regular or irregular shapes. The distribution cylinder 1 can be used to be arranged in the shell-side cylinder 31 of the shell-and-tube reactor 3, and the distribution cylinder 1 can further be used to enclose a distribution cavity 10 with the shell-side cylinder 31. Among them, the distribution cylinder 1 has a connection end 1a, and the connection end 1a can be used to connect to the lower tube sheet 32 at the bottom end of the shell-side cylinder 31 or can also be used to connect to the upper tube sheet 33 at the top end of the shell-side cylinder 31. That is, this liquid distributor can be arranged at the top of the shell-side cylinder 31 or can also be arranged at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder 31. According to the different arrangement positions, the connection positions of the connection end 1a are also different. Of course, two liquid distributors can also be selected and arranged at the top and bottom of the shell-side cylinder 31 respectively. The specific arrangement method of the liquid distributor can be set according to the actual situation. The connection end 1a of the distribution cylinder 1 and the upper tube sheet 33 and the lower tube sheet 32 can be connected by welding, and of course, other connection methods can also be used, and there is no limitation here.

[0036] When the connecting end 1a of the distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the lower tube sheet 32, that is, when the liquid distributor is arranged at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder 31, the distribution cavity 10 communicates with the shell-side inlet 31a at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder 31; when the connecting end 1a of the distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the upper tube sheet 33, that is, when the liquid distributor is arranged at the top of the shell-side cylinder 31, the distribution cavity 10 communicates with the shell-side outlet 31b at the top of the shell-side cylinder 31; a plurality of flow-through holes 100 are formed on the circumferential wall of the distribution cylinder 1, and the plurality of flow-through holes 100 all communicate with the distribution cavity 10. In this way, when the liquid distributor is arranged at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder 31, the shell-side medium can enter the distribution cavity 10 through the shell-side inlet 31a, and then can enter the central region of the shell-side cylinder 31 through the plurality of flow-through holes 100 on the distribution cylinder 1. On the one hand, the uniform distribution of the shell-side medium is realized, and on the other hand, it helps to eliminate the flow dead zone in the central region of the shell-side cylinder 31, thereby improving the effective utilization space of the equipment, avoiding excessive reaction of the materials at the dead zone of the reactor, and further preventing accidents such as coking. The shell-side medium flows from bottom to top. When the liquid distributor is arranged at the top of the shell-side cylinder 31, the shell-side medium can also enter the distribution cavity 10 through the plurality of flow-through holes 100 on the distribution cylinder 1, and then be discharged out of the shell-side cylinder 31 through the shell-side outlet 31b. This structure can also realize the uniform distribution of the medium, and further ensure the uniform distribution of the temperature in the reactor.

[0037] It should be noted that the above-mentioned distribution cavity 10 can be an open cavity, for example Figure 3 as shown in the distribution cavity 10, the bottom end of the distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the lower tube sheet 32, and the top end is a free end. At this time, the distribution cavity 10 is an open cavity with an open top end; of course, the distribution cavity 10 can also be a closed cavity, for example Figure 5 as shown in the distribution cavity 10, the bottom end of the distribution cylinder 1 is also connected to the lower tube sheet 32, and its top end is connected to a plate member (the baffle plate 2 in the figure). At this time, the distribution cavity 10 is jointly enclosed by the distribution cylinder 1, the baffle plate 2, the shell-side cylinder 31 and the lower tube sheet 32, and is a relatively closed cavity. Among them, the baffle plate 2 can be a complete ring structure. At this time, the distribution cavity 10 is in a relatively closed state. Of course, the baffle plate 2 can also be set as at least one sector ring structure. At this time, the distribution cavity 10 has a notch for the shell-side medium to overflow from the top of the distribution cavity 10 compared with the former. It should be noted that in addition to setting the baffle plate 2 shown in the figure, other structures can also be provided between the distribution cylinder 1 and the shell-side cylinder 31 to enclose and form different-shaped distribution cavities 10, which is not uniquely limited here.

[0038] In addition, the thickness of the distribution cylinder 1 can be determined according to the flow velocity and impact force of the medium at the inlet and outlet of the shell side. Optionally, when the distribution cylinder 1 is made of carbon steel or low-alloy steel, its thickness is not less than 6 mm, and when the distribution cylinder 1 is made of stainless steel, its thickness is not less than 4 mm. Of course, the specific thickness value needs to be set according to the actual situation and is not specifically limited here.

[0039] As can be seen from the above, the liquid distributor is set as a distribution cylinder 1, and a plurality of flow-through holes 100 are formed on the side peripheral wall of the distribution cylinder 1, and the structure is simple and easy to implement; further, in the structure of the inner diversion type liquid distributor, the flow-through holes 100 are opened on the distribution cylinder 1, which can help to achieve the uniform distribution of the shell side medium on the basis of not damaging the complete structure of the shell side cylinder body 31; for the shell side cylinder body 31 adopting this liquid distributor, except for a few shell side inlets 31a and shell side outlets 31b, there is no need to cooperate with other cumbersome processing for the distribution of the shell side medium, effectively reducing the risk of its loss and ensuring the structural strength.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figures 2 to 5 , the distribution cylinder 1 is used to surround the outer periphery of all the reaction tubes 34 inside the shell side cylinder body 31, and its inner peripheral wall abuts against the outermost reaction tube 34 inside the shell side cylinder body 31; this structure enables the distribution cylinder 1 to be arranged around the periphery of all the reaction tubes 34, effectively preventing the impact of the shell side medium on the reaction tubes 34 to protect the reaction tubes 34; by abutting the outermost reaction tube 34 against the inner peripheral wall of the distribution cylinder 1, the structural strength and anti-deformation ability of the distribution cylinder 1 can be effectively improved; this structure is reasonable and will not affect the original reaction tube layout and reaction tube support inside the shell side cylinder body 31, and at the same time, it will not affect the original manufacturing sequence and difficulty of the reactor.

[0041] In the reactor where the above liquid distributor is actually applied, the positions of its inlet and outlet can be determined according to the requirements of opening reinforcement and the requirements of the process or piping specialty, and the height of the distribution cylinder 1 can be determined according to the positions of the inlet and outlet. In some specific embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3, after the distribution cylinder 1 is unfolded, it can be a rectangle, and when enclosed, it is in the shape of a cylindrical tube. The distribution cylinder 1 has an outer extension end 1b opposite to the connection end 1a. The height of the distribution cylinder 1 is the shortest distance from the connection end 1a to the outer extension end 1b of the distribution cylinder 1. When the side peripheral wall of the distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the lower tube sheet 32 at its connection end 1a, it is directly opposite to the shell-side inlet 31a. Among them, the side peripheral wall of the distribution cylinder 1 being directly opposite to the shell-side inlet 31a can be understood as that the projection point of the center of the shell-side inlet 31a along the medium inflow direction on the distribution cylinder 1 should be located between the connection end 1a and the outer extension end 1b of the distribution cylinder 1. In this way, the distribution cylinder 1 can effectively block the impact of the shell-side medium flowing out from the shell-side inlet 31a on the reaction tubes 34. In some embodiments, at this time, the distance between the outer end face of the outer extension end 1b of the distribution cylinder 1 and the center of the shell-side inlet 31a is the inner diameter d1 of the shell-side inlet 31a. At this time, the height of the distribution cylinder 1 should be 1.5 times the inner diameter d1 of the shell-side inlet 31a plus the distance from the bottommost end of the shell-side inlet 31a to the lower tube sheet. If the distance from the bottommost end of the shell-side inlet 31a to the lower tube sheet 32 is set to 0, the height of the distribution cylinder 1 is 1.5 times the inner diameter d1 of the shell-side inlet 31a. If the distance from the bottommost end of the shell-side inlet 31a to the lower tube sheet 32 is greater than 0, the height of the distribution cylinder 1 is greater than 1.5 times the inner diameter d1 of the shell-side inlet 31a. It can be seen that the height of the distribution cylinder 1 is at least 1.5 times the inner diameter d1 of the shell-side inlet 31a. This structure saves the material of the distribution cylinder 1. While achieving cost reduction, it can ensure that the shell-side medium flowing out from the shell-side inlet 31a can all contact the distribution cylinder 1 first and then flow into the reaction tubes 34 inside the distribution cylinder 1. The fluid distribution effect is better, the outflowing medium can be quickly distributed, and the distribution efficiency is higher. Figure 3 The shown distribution cavity 10 is a distribution cavity 10 with an open top. In this embodiment, by defining the distance between the outer end face of the outer extension end 1b of the distribution cylinder 1 and the center of the shell-side inlet 31a as the inner diameter d1 of the shell-side inlet 31a, more than 80% of the shell-side medium flowing out from the shell-side inlet 31a can be distributed between the reaction tubes 34 inside the distribution cylinder 1 through the regularly distributed regular small holes (flow-through holes 100) on the distribution cylinder 1, and less than 20% overflows the free end of the distribution cylinder 1 and then flows down to between the reaction tubes 34 inside the distribution cylinder 1. At this time, the liquid is distributed relatively evenly, and the distribution effect of the liquid distributor is good.

[0042] Similarly, in some embodiments, when the side peripheral wall of the distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the upper tube sheet 33 at its connection end 1a, it is directly opposite to the shell-side outlet 31b, and the distance between the outer end face of its outer extension end 1b and the center of the shell-side outlet 31b is the inner diameter d2 of the shell-side outlet 31b. The structure of this distribution cylinder 1 is similar to the structure and function when the connection end 1a of the distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the lower tube sheet 32, and will not be elaborated here.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 1, at the circumferential edge of the connection end 1a of the distribution cylinder 1, a plurality of drainage notches 110 are formed, which can facilitate the discharge and drainage of the shell-side medium inside the distribution cylinder 1. After being discharged to the distribution cavity 10, it can be further discharged outside the reactor. Among them, for the convenience of processing, the drainage notches 110 can be set as semicircular notches, rectangular notches, triangular notches, etc. Of course, it is not limited to this, and can be set according to actual needs.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, please continue to refer to Figure 1 , for the convenience of processing and manufacturing, the flow-through holes 100 can be set as regular holes such as circular holes, rectangular holes, waist-shaped holes or oval holes. Of course, they can also be set as irregular hole structures, and other structures (such as various-shaped through grooves, etc.) that can realize the shell-side medium passing through the distribution cylinder 1 should also fall within the protection scope of the present application; the shapes of the plurality of flow-through holes 100 are the same, or there may be differences, and can be set according to needs.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, as Figure 1 shown, a plurality of flow-through holes 100 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the distribution cylinder 1 in at least one row ( Figure 1 shows 3 rows of flow-through holes 100), and the positions of adjacent two rows of flow-through holes 100 are staggered from each other; this structure can further improve the medium distribution effect and distribution efficiency of the distribution cylinder 1. Further refer to Figure 1 , each row of flow-through holes 100 can include a plurality of flow-through holes 100, and the plurality of flow-through holes 100 can be arranged at equal intervals. In addition, taking the liquid distributor being located at the lower tube sheet 32 as an example, there can be one row of flow-through holes 100, and the central axis of the shell-side inlet 31a is located in the plane where this row of flow-through holes 100 is located, that is, the center of each flow-through hole 100 in this row and the center of the shell-side inlet 31a are at the same height; this structure can help the shell-side medium flowing out from the shell-side inlet 31a to be quickly and evenly distributed, improving the distribution efficiency. Of course, a similar setting can also be made when the liquid distributor is located at the upper tube sheet 33, and the specific structure and function are not described in detail here.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, when the connection end 1a of the distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the lower tube sheet 32, the number of each row of flow-through holes 100 is not less than 4 times the number of shell-side inlets 31a; when the connection end 1a of the distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the upper tube sheet 33, the number of each row of flow-through holes 100 is not less than 4 times the number of shell-side outlets 31b; this structure can ensure that the shell-side medium can quickly pass through the liquid distributor to achieve uniform distribution, thus having a high distribution efficiency, with a reasonable structure and being easy to implement.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, when the connecting end 1a of the distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the lower tube sheet 32, the sum of the flow areas of the plurality of flow-through holes 100 is not less than twice the sum of the flow areas of the shell-side inlet 31a; when the connecting end 1a of the distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the upper tube sheet 33, the sum of the flow areas of the plurality of flow-through holes 100 is not less than twice the sum of the flow areas of the shell-side outlet 31b; this structure can also ensure that the shell-side medium can quickly pass through the liquid distributor to achieve uniform distribution, thus having a high distribution efficiency.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 5 , the liquid distributor may further include a baffle plate 2, which can be used to be arranged between the distribution cylinder 1 and the shell-side cylinder body 31 to enclose a distribution cavity 10. The baffle plate 2 can be connected to the distribution cylinder 1, or can be connected to the shell-side cylinder body 31, and of course can also be connected between the two. The connection method can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, specifically including but not limited to welding, clamping, screwing, electromagnetic connection, etc.; the setting of the connection method should consider facilitating operation and the disassembly and assembly of internal components of the reactor (such as support plates, baffle plates, etc.). Among them, the inner side of the baffle plate 2 can be connected to the outer extension end 1b of the distribution cylinder 1, or can be connected to other parts of the distribution cylinder 1. The baffle plate 2 can be set as a regular structure such as a ring shape, a sector ring shape, etc., or can be other irregular structures. The baffle plate 2 can be arranged horizontally, obliquely, or in a concave-convex manner. It should be noted that the specific structure, shape, baffle area, etc. of the baffle plate 2 are not specifically limited. The baffle plate 2 may not be provided with hole grooves and other structures, or may be similar to the distribution cylinder 1, and a plurality of through holes for flow-through are uniformly arranged, which is not limited here. By setting the baffle plate 2, a small amount of the shell-side medium can overflow from the top of the distribution cavity 10 or there is no overflow, and further, the shell-side medium can be evenly distributed as much as possible through the distribution cylinder 1, thereby improving the distribution effect of the liquid distributor.

[0049] On the other hand, the present application provides a shell-and-tube reactor 3, including a shell-side cylinder body 31, an upper tube sheet 33 arranged at the top end of the shell-side cylinder body 31, a lower tube sheet 32 arranged at the bottom end of the shell-side cylinder body 31, reaction tubes 34 arranged between the upper tube sheet 33 and the lower tube sheet 32, and two liquid distributors of any one of the above. A shell-side outlet 31b is provided at the top of the shell-side cylinder body 31, and a shell-side inlet 31a is provided at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder body 31; the two liquid distributors are respectively arranged at the upper tube sheet 33 and the lower tube sheet 32, and the two liquid distributors are both arranged around the outer periphery of the reaction tubes 34. Among them, the structure for supporting the reaction tubes 34 in the shell-and-tube reactor 3 can be selected as a support plate or a baffle plate. This structure can be a structure well-known to those skilled in the art. Since it does not belong to the core improvement part of the present application, it will not be elaborated here.

[0050] For the shell-side cylinder 31 adopting this liquid distributor, except for a few shell-side inlets 31a and shell-side outlets 31b, no other cumbersome processing is required in cooperation with the shell-side medium distribution, effectively reducing its loss risk and ensuring the structural strength. At the same time, by adopting two liquid distributors of any one of the above, the shell-and-tube reactor 3 can reduce the number of shell-side inlets 31a or shell-side outlets 31b; for example, when no liquid distributor is provided, the formation of the shell-side inlet 31a may require 6 to 8 pipes with a nominal diameter of 300 mm; when this liquid distributor is provided, the formation of the shell-side inlet 31a may only require 2 to 4 pipes with a nominal diameter of 350 mm. The reduction in the number of shell-side inlets 31a and shell-side outlets 31b is beneficial to the operations such as piping, manufacturing, heat treatment, and transportation of the shell-and-tube reactor 3. Specifically, when the number of shell-side inlets 31a and shell-side outlets 31b is large, it not only increases the difficulty of manufacturing and piping the reactor, but also expands the width and height of the reactor, increasing the difficulty of its heat treatment and transportation. When the number of shell-side inlets 31a and shell-side outlets 31b is small, it is not only beneficial to the piping and manufacturing of the reactor, but also the shell-side inlets 31a and shell-side outlets 31b can be arranged in the height direction, thereby reducing the width of the reactor, which is beneficial to the heat treatment and transportation of the reactor.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present application are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present application, rather than limiting the implementation manners of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A liquid distributor, characterized in that: It comprises a distribution tube, which is used to be arranged in the shell-side cylinder of the shell-and-tube reactor, and is used to enclose the shell-side cylinder to form a distribution cavity; the distribution tube has a connecting end, which is used to be connected to the lower tube plate at the bottom end of the shell-side cylinder or the upper tube plate at the top end of the shell-side cylinder; when the connecting end of the distribution tube is connected to the lower tube plate, the distribution cavity is connected to the shell-side inlet at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder, and when the connecting end of the distribution tube is connected to the upper tube plate, the distribution cavity is connected to the shell-side outlet at the top of the shell-side cylinder; a plurality of flow holes are formed on the side circumferential wall of the distribution tube, and the plurality of flow holes are all connected to the distribution cavity.

2. The liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that The distribution tube is used to surround the outer circumference of all reaction tubes in the shell-side cylinder, and the inner circumferential wall thereof abuts against the outermost reaction tube in the shell-side cylinder.

3. The liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution tube has an extension end opposite to the connecting end; the side circumferential wall of the distribution tube is opposite to the shell side inlet when the connecting end thereof is connected to the lower tube plate, and the distance between the outer end surface of the extension end and the center of the shell side inlet is the inner diameter of the shell side inlet; the side circumferential wall of the distribution tube is opposite to the shell side outlet when the connecting end thereof is connected to the upper tube plate, and the distance between the outer end surface of the extension end and the center of the shell side outlet is the inner diameter of the shell side outlet.

4. The liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that The connection end of the distribution tube is formed with a plurality of drainage notches at the circumferential edge.

5. The liquid distributor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The flow holes are circular holes, rectangular holes, waist-shaped holes or elliptical holes.

6. The liquid distributor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of flow holes are arranged in at least one row along the circumferential direction of the distribution tube; the flow holes in each row are arranged at equal intervals, and / or the positions of the flow holes in two adjacent rows are staggered.

7. The liquid distributor according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the connecting end of the distribution tube is connected to the lower tube sheet, the number of the flow holes in each row is not less than 4 times the number of the shell-side inlets; when the connecting end of the distribution tube is connected to the upper tube sheet, the number of the flow holes in each row is not less than 4 times the number of the shell-side outlets.

8. The liquid distributor according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the connecting end of the distribution tube is connected to the lower tube sheet, the sum of the flow areas of the plurality of flow holes is not less than twice the sum of the flow areas of the shell side inlet; When the connecting end of the distribution tube is connected to the upper tube plate, the sum of the flow areas of the plurality of flow holes is not less than twice the sum of the flow areas of the shell side outlets.

9. The liquid distributor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The liquid distributor further comprises a baffle plate, which is used to be arranged between the distribution cylinder and the shell-side cylinder to enclose and form the distribution chamber.

10. A shell-and-tube reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a shell-side cylinder, an upper tube sheet arranged at the top end of the shell-side cylinder, a lower tube sheet arranged at the bottom end of the shell-side cylinder, a reaction tube arranged between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, and two liquid distributors as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a shell-side outlet is arranged at the top of the shell-side cylinder, and a shell-side inlet is arranged at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder; the two liquid distributors are respectively arranged at the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, and the two liquid distributors are both arranged around the outer periphery of the reaction tube.

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