Soil sample grinding device
By using a grinding roller with heat exchange channel and a cooling water connection device in the soil sample grinding device, the problem of pesticide dissipation caused by rising sample temperature is solved, and a more accurate soil sample measurement result is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421766665.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing soil sample grinding equipment will cause the sample temperature to rise during the grinding process, causing the pesticides in it to vaporize heat and dissipate, which will affect the accuracy of the measurement results.
A soil sample grinding device is designed, using a grinding roller with a heat exchange channel, and an external water source is transported to the heat exchange channel through a cooling water connection device to take away the heat generated during the grinding process.
It effectively reduces the temperature rise of the samples and grinding rollers, reduces the phenomenon of pesticides in the soil vaporized and dissipated by heat during grinding, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement results.
Smart Images
Figure CN222956466U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a grinding device for soil samples, in particular to a grinding device for soil samples. Background Art
[0002] Actual soil sample collection includes regional environmental background soil sampling, farmland soil sampling, soil environmental assessment monitoring sampling for construction projects, urban soil sampling, soil sampling for pollution accident monitoring, etc. It is carried out along a certain route according to the principles of equal quantity and multi-point mixing sampling following the random principle. Randomness requires that each sampling point is randomly selected, and all points within the sampling unit have an equal chance of being sampled; equal quantity requires that the sampling depth and sampling volume are the same at each point; multi-point mixing requires mixing the soil samples collected from 5 to 20 sample points in a sampling area evenly to form a mixed sample to improve the representativeness of the sample.
[0003] The specific sample preparation process is as follows: When the sample is retrieved, it should be sent to the air-drying room. Transfer all the soil samples collected in the field into a clean white enamel tray, spread them flat to 2 to 3 cm, pick out the mixed bricks, tiles, stones, lime nodules, root and stem plant residues, etc., and place them in a clean and well-ventilated place indoors to air-dry naturally for 1 week. During this period, the soil samples can be frequently turned over and the large pieces can be crushed with a wooden stick to accelerate drying. In the sample grinding room, pour the air-dried soil samples onto an organic glass plate, knock them with a wooden hammer, roll them with a wooden roller to crush them, remove the fine and broken plant rootlets by electrostatic adsorption method, mix the soil samples evenly and sieve them through a nylon sieve with a pore size of 2 mm, remove the sand grains larger than 2 mm. If the sand grain content is relatively high, calculate its percentage in the whole soil sample, and put the soil clumps larger than 2 mm back into the soil sample for the first grinding until all pass through the sieve; after passing through the 2 mm sieve, all the samples are placed on a colorless polyethylene film, stirred and mixed evenly, and discarded and weighed by the quartering method, and two samples are retained. One of the 250 g samples is placed in a brown ground glass bottle as an archived sample, and the other 250 g sample is sieved through a nylon sieve with a pore size of 1 mm until all pass through and are mixed evenly. Take two diagonal parts from each by the quartering method and divide them into two equal parts. One part is ground with an agate ball mill until all pass through a nylon sieve with a pore size of 0.25 mm for the analysis of items such as soil pesticides, organic matter, total nitrogen content, etc.; the other part is ground with an agate ball mill for the second time until all pass through a nylon sieve with a pore size of 0.15 mm for the analysis of the total amount of soil elements.
[0004] The purposes of the first grinding and the second grinding are both to make samples with different particle sizes reach relatively consistent particle sizes through grinding, so as to make the components in the sample after grinding reach relative consistency by mixing, and then use the prepared sample for measurement to obtain the true content of each component of the target sample. After the first grinding, since one of the samples needs to be measured for soil pesticides, organic matter and total nitrogen content. In the prior art, most of the equipment for the first grinding uses a mechanical mill to grind the sample to meet the measurement requirements. However, during the grinding process, the work done by the mechanical mill on the sample will cause the temperature of the mechanical mill and the sample to rise. After the sample temperature rises, the pesticides contained in the sample will partially vaporize due to heat and escape from the sample, resulting in a measured value lower than the true value. Therefore, the equipment for the first grinding of soil samples has drawbacks and there is room for improvement. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a grinding device for soil samples that can reduce the rising amplitude of the sample temperature during grinding, thereby reducing the evaporation of pesticides in the soil due to heat during grinding, and is used to overcome the defects in the prior art.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a grinding device for soil samples, including a housing, a cover is arranged on the housing, a feed hopper is arranged on the cover, two first guiding blocks are symmetrically arranged in the inner cavity of the housing, a material equalizing orifice plate is arranged between the two first guiding blocks, a first rotating shaft is respectively arranged on the housing below each first guiding block, a guiding plate is correspondingly arranged on each first rotating shaft, the number of guiding plates is two, two grinding rollers are arranged below the gap between the two guiding plates, the grinding roller includes a roller body, connecting rods symmetrically arranged on both sides of the roller body, and a heat exchange channel arranged in the roller body and the connecting rods, a cooling water connecting device is respectively arranged on each connecting rod, and the cooling water connecting device includes a connecting sleeve arranged on the connecting rod, a first flange arranged on the connecting sleeve, a graphite sealing packing and a connecting pipe arranged in the inner cavity between the first connecting sleeve and the connecting rod in sequence from the inside to the outside, a second flange arranged on the connecting pipe, and adjusting bolts arranged on the second flange and the first flange.
[0007] Preferably, the first rotating shaft is a round rod-shaped structure capable of rotating around the central axis of the first rotating shaft, the number of guiding plates is two, the gap between the two grinding rollers is located below the gap between the two guiding plates, the thickness of the end of the guiding plate facing the grinding roller gradually decreases as the height of the guiding plate decreases, and a locking nut is arranged on the first rotating shaft outside the housing, and the locking nut is threadedly connected with the first rotating shaft.
[0008] Preferably, a scraping device is respectively arranged on each of the grinding rollers. The scraping device includes a scraping plate movably connected to the roller body, a limiting sliding sleeve arranged at one end of the scraping plate away from the roller body, and a return spring arranged in the inner cavity of the limiting sliding sleeve on the inner side of the scraping plate.
[0009] Preferably, driving gears are respectively arranged on the two grinding rollers. The number of the driving gears is two, and the two driving gears are meshed with each other. A sprocket is arranged on one of the grinding rollers.
[0010] Preferably, second guiding blocks are arranged in the inner cavity of the shell between the grinding roller and the guiding plate. The number of the second guiding blocks is two, and the two second guiding blocks are symmetrically distributed in the inner cavity of the shell. The cross sections of the second guiding blocks and the first guiding blocks are both triangular.
[0011] Preferably, a limiting tube is arranged on the shell. A second rotating shaft is arranged in the limiting tube. A fixing rod is arranged between the second rotating shaft and the cover. A first wing plate is arranged at one end of the shell away from the limiting tube. A second wing plate is arranged on the cover above the first wing plate. Fixing bolts are arranged on the second wing plate and the first wing plate.
[0012] Preferably, a rubber sealing ring is arranged between the shell and the cover.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: First, during the process that the two grinding rollers rotate to grind the sample entering the gap between the two grinding rollers, an external water source needs to be connected to the cooling water connection device. The external water source is conveyed to the heat exchange channel through the cooling water connection device at one end of each grinding roller and then discharged through the cooling water connection device at the other end of each grinding roller. During this process, the heat generated by the grinding of the sample by the grinding roller is exchanged with the external water source continuously conveyed to the heat exchange channel and is taken away; the technical problem that the pesticide in the soil vaporizes and escapes due to the increase in the temperature of the sample and the grinding roller generated by the grinding of the sample by the grinding roller is reduced.
[0014] Second, a scraping device is respectively arranged on each of the grinding rollers of the present utility model. The scraping device includes a scraping plate movably connected to the roller body, a limiting sliding sleeve arranged at one end of the scraping plate away from the roller body, and a return spring arranged in the inner cavity of the limiting sliding sleeve on the inner side of the scraping plate. The number of the return springs in each scraping device is several, and the several return springs in each scraping device are linearly and evenly distributed in the inner cavity of the limiting sliding sleeve on the inner side of the scraping plate; arranging several return springs is convenient for improving the force uniformity of the corresponding scraping plate.
[0015] Finally, the bottom of the cover of the present utility model adopts a stepped structure, the shape of the top of the housing matches the shape of the bottom of the cover, and a rubber sealing ring is provided between the housing and the cover; the installation of the rubber sealing ring improves the sealing effect between the housing and the cover.
[0016] The present utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, ingenious design, greatly improving the work efficiency, having good social and economic benefits, and being a product easy to promote and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present utility model.
[0018] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partially enlarged schematic view of Detail A.
[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the present utility model.
[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the components of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0021] Such as Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, a grinding device for soil samples includes a housing 1, on which a cover 2 is provided, and a feed hopper 3 is provided on the cover 2. Two first guide blocks 4 are symmetrically arranged in the inner cavity of the housing 1. A material leveling orifice plate 5 is arranged between the two first guide blocks 4. The material leveling orifice plate 5 adopts a plate-like structure. A part of the gap between the two first guide blocks 4 cooperates with the material leveling orifice plate 5. The material leveling orifice plate 5 is evenly provided with conveying holes, and the diameter of the conveying holes gradually becomes smaller as the height of the conveying holes decreases. A first rotating shaft 6 is respectively arranged on the housing 1 below each first guide block 4. A guide plate 7 is correspondingly arranged on each first rotating shaft 6. The number of the guide plates 7 is two. Two grinding rollers are arranged below the gap between the two guide plates 7. The grinding rollers include a roller body 8, connecting rods 9 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the roller body 8, and a heat exchange channel 10 arranged in the roller body 8 and the connecting rods 9. A cooling water connection device is respectively arranged on each connecting rod 9. The cooling water connection device includes a connecting sleeve 11 arranged on the connecting rod 9, a first flange 12 and a third wing plate 33 arranged on the connecting sleeve 11, a connecting lead screw 34 arranged on the housing 1, fixing nuts 35 respectively arranged on the connecting lead screws 34 on both sides of the third wing plate 33, a graphite sealing packing 13 and a connecting pipe 14 arranged in the inner cavity between the first connecting sleeve 11 and the connecting rod 9 in sequence from the inside to the outside, a second flange 15 arranged on the connecting pipe 14, and an adjusting bolt 16 arranged on the second flange 15 and the first flange 12. The connecting sleeve 11 and the connecting pipe 14 are both movably installed on the connecting rod 9. A discharge pipe 31 and support legs 32 are arranged at the bottom end of the housing 1, and the discharge pipe 31 is communicated with the inner cavity of the housing 1.
[0022] The inner diameter of the inscribed circle at the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing 1 gradually becomes smaller as the height of the inner cavity of the housing 1 decreases; thus facilitating the guiding of the materials entering the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing 1. The first rotating shaft 6 adopts a round rod-like structure capable of rotating around the central axis of the first rotating shaft 6. The number of the guide plates 7 is two. The gap between the two grinding rollers is located below the gap between the two guide plates 7. The thickness of the end of the guide plate 7 facing the grinding roller gradually becomes smaller as the height of the guide plate 7 decreases. Locking nuts 17 are respectively arranged on the first rotating shafts 6 on both sides of the housing 1, and the locking nuts 17 are threadedly connected with the first rotating shafts 6. Thus facilitating the fixing of the position of the first rotating shaft 6 by tightening the locking nuts 17.
[0023] A scraping device is respectively arranged on each of the grinding rollers. The scraping device includes a scraping plate 18 movably connected to the roller body 8, a limiting sliding sleeve 19 arranged at one end of the scraping plate 18 away from the roller body 8, and a return spring 20 arranged in the inner cavity of the limiting sliding sleeve 19 on the inner side of the scraping plate 18. The number of return springs 20 in each scraping device is several, and the several return springs 20 in each scraping device are linearly and evenly distributed in the inner cavity of the limiting sliding sleeve 19 on the inner side of the scraping plate 18. Two driving gears 21 are respectively arranged on the two grinding rollers. The number of driving gears 21 is two, and the two driving gears 21 are meshed with each other. A sprocket 22 is arranged on one of the grinding rollers.
[0024] A second guiding block 23 is arranged in the inner cavity of the housing 1 between the grinding roller and the guiding plate 7. The number of second guiding blocks 23 is two, and the two second guiding blocks 23 are symmetrically distributed in the inner cavity of the housing 1. The cross sections of the second guiding block 23 and the first guiding block 4 are both triangular. The distance between the two second guiding blocks 23 gradually becomes smaller as the height of the second guiding block 23 decreases.
[0025] A limiting tube 24 is arranged on the housing 1. A second rotating shaft 25 is arranged in the limiting tube 24. A fixing rod 26 is arranged between the second rotating shaft and the cover 2. A first wing plate 27 is arranged at one end of the housing 1 away from the limiting tube 24. A second wing plate 28 is arranged on the cover 2 above the first wing plate 27. A fixing bolt 29 is arranged on the second wing plate 28 and the first wing plate 27. Thus, it is convenient to clean the inner cavity of the housing 1 by opening the cover 2, and foreign matters are prevented from blocking the material distributing orifice plate 5. The bottom of the cover 2 has a stepped structure. The shape of the top of the housing 1 matches the shape of the bottom of the cover 2. A rubber sealing ring 30 is arranged between the housing 1 and the cover 2; installing the rubber sealing ring 30 improves the sealing effect between the housing 1 and the cover 2.
[0026] The usage method of this product is as follows: As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the samples that have been air-dried and need to be ground in the air-drying chamber are sent into the inner cavities of the housing 1 and the cover 2 through the feed hopper 3, and then are first guided by the two first guiding blocks 4 and then form the first throttling transportation of the samples through the material distributing orifice plate 5. The samples after the first throttling transportation are secondarily guided by the two guiding plates 7 or the two guiding plates 7 and the two second guiding blocks 23 and then transported to the two grinding rollers for grinding the samples. The ground samples are guided by the bottom of the housing 1 and then discharged from the discharge pipe 31. The staff can screen the discharged samples again, and the samples that do not meet the particle size requirements are ground again.
[0027] During the second guiding process, the adjustable distance between the two guiding plates 7 also forms a second throttling conveyance of the sample, making the amount of the sample passing through the gap between the two grinding rollers more uniform. When both guiding plates 7 come into contact with the corresponding second guiding blocks 23, the resistance for the sample to pass through the gap between the two second guiding blocks 23 is completely provided by the gap between the two second guiding blocks 23 at this time.
[0028] During the rotation of the grinding rollers, the materials that have not fallen off the grinding rollers are scraped off by the corresponding scraping plates 18 and thus fall into the inner cavity of the housing 1 below the grinding rollers. During the process of the two grinding rollers rotating to grind the sample entering the gap between the two grinding rollers, an external water source needs to be connected to the cooling water connection device. The external water source is conveyed to the heat exchange channel 10 through the cooling water connection device at one end of each grinding roller and then discharged through the cooling water connection device at the other end of each grinding roller. During this process, the heat generated by the grinding of the sample by the grinding rollers is exchanged with the external water source continuously supplied to the heat exchange channel 10 and is carried away.
[0029] Through this embodiment, the technical problem that the pesticide in the soil vaporizes and escapes due to the heating during the grinding process caused by the increase in the temperature of the sample and the grinding rollers generated by the grinding of the sample by the grinding rollers is solved.
[0030] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features, and principles described in the scope of the present invention patent should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.
Claims
1. A soil sample grinding device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (1), wherein a sealing cover (2) is arranged on the shell (1), and a feed hopper (3) is arranged on the sealing cover (2); two first guide blocks (4) are symmetrically arranged in the inner cavity of the shell (1), and a material distribution orifice plate (5) is arranged between the two first guide blocks (4); a first rotating shaft (6) is respectively arranged on the shell (1) below each first guide block (4), and a guide plate (7) is correspondingly arranged on each first rotating shaft (6), and the number of guide plates (7) is two; two grinding rollers are arranged below the gap between the two guide plates (7), and the grinding rollers comprise a roller body (8), and two sides of the roller body (8) are symmetrically arranged. The invention relates to a connecting rod (9) and a heat exchange channel (10) provided in the roller body (8) and the connecting rod (9), each connecting rod (9) being provided with a cooling water connecting device, the cooling water connecting device comprising a connecting sleeve (11) provided on the connecting rod (9), a first flange (12) provided on the connecting sleeve (11), a graphite sealing filler (13) and a connecting pipe (14) provided in sequence from the inside to the outside in the inner cavity between the first connecting sleeve (11) and the connecting rod (9), a second flange (15) provided on the connecting pipe (14), and an adjusting bolt (16) provided on the second flange (15) and the first flange (12).
2. The soil sample grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first rotating shaft (6) is a round rod-shaped structure capable of rotating around the central axis of the first rotating shaft (6). The number of guide plates (7) is two. The gap between the two grinding rollers is located below the gap between the two guide plates (7). The thickness of the end of the guide plate (7) facing the grinding roller gradually decreases as the height of the guide plate (7) decreases. A locking nut (17) is provided on the first rotating shaft (6) outside the housing (1). The locking nut (17) and the first rotating shaft (6) are threadedly connected.
3. The soil sample grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the grinding rollers is provided with a scraper device, the scraper device comprising a scraper plate (18) movably connected to the roller body (8), a limiting sleeve (19) provided on an end of the scraper plate (18) away from the roller body (8), and a return spring (20) provided in the inner cavity of the limiting sleeve (19) on the inner side of the scraper plate (18).
4. The soil sample grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two grinding rollers are each provided with a driving gear (21), the number of the driving gears (21) being two, the two driving gears (21) being meshed with each other, and a sprocket wheel (22) is provided on one of the grinding rollers.
5. The soil sample grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second guide block (23) is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell (1) between the grinding roller and the guide plate (7), the number of the second guide blocks (23) is two, the two second guide blocks (23) are symmetrically distributed in the inner cavity of the shell (1), and the cross-section of the second guide block (23) and the cross-section of the first guide block (4) are both triangular.
6. The soil sample grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a limit tube (24), a second rotating shaft (25) is provided in the limit tube (24), a fixing rod (26) is provided between the second rotating shaft and the cover (2), a first wing plate (27) is provided on an end of the housing (1) away from the limit tube (24), a second wing plate (28) is provided on the cover (2) above the first wing plate (27), and fixing bolts (29) are provided on the second wing plate (28) and the first wing plate (27).
7. The soil sample grinding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A rubber sealing ring (30) is provided between the housing (1) and the sealing cover (2).