Special-shaped diamond composite tooth

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of roller bits, and particularly relates to a special-shaped diamond composite tooth which comprises a hard alloy base body and a diamond composite layer located on the head portion of the hard alloy base body. The head of the hard alloy base body is of an inverted three-edged tooth structure, the top of the hard alloy base body is in a three-edged shape, and notches are formed between edges. The utility model is suitable for the requirements of various special environments, and has long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of drill bits, and particularly relates to a special-shaped diamond composite tooth. Background Art

[0002] Diamond composite teeth are applied in a quite large proportion in some high-end roller cone bits for oil, composite drill bits, down-the-hole hammers for mines, tunneling tools, construction machinery, road excavation teeth and other industries. Oil drill bits, down-the-hole hammers and tunneling tools are used for drilling oil wells, natural gas wells, geothermal wells, exploration wells, grouting holes, water wells or pipeline laying holes, mine applications and so on. The diamond composite teeth in the prior art cannot be applicable to different geological environments and have a relatively low service life. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solution: a special-shaped diamond composite tooth, comprising a cemented carbide matrix and a diamond composite layer located at the head of the cemented carbide matrix, wherein the head of the cemented carbide matrix is in an inverted triangular tooth structure, the top is triangular, and grooves are provided between the edges.

[0004] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that several special-shaped diamond composite teeth are designed in the utility model, which are applicable to the requirements of various special environments and have a long service life. Description of the Drawings

[0005] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the utility model;

[0006] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the inverted triangular tooth in the utility model;

[0007] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the quadrangular tooth in the utility model;

[0008] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the serrated groove in the utility model;

[0009] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the eccentric tooth in the utility model;

[0010] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the quadrangular pyramid frustum tooth in the utility model;

[0011] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the triangular tooth in the utility model;

[0012] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the quadrangular tooth in the utility model;

[0013] Figure 9 is a perspective view of the multi-edged tooth in the utility model;

[0014] Figure 10Is a three-dimensional view of the convex cone spherical teeth in the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 11 Is a three-dimensional view of the asymmetric cone spherical teeth in the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 12 Is a three-dimensional view of the ax-shaped teeth in the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 13 Is a three-dimensional view of the wide-back ax-shaped teeth in the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 14 Is a three-dimensional view of the spiral groove teeth in the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 15 Is a three-dimensional view of the spiral groove teeth with adjustable width in the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 16 Is a three-dimensional view of the peak teeth in the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 17 Is a three-dimensional view of the tower-shaped teeth in the present utility model. Specific embodiments

[0022] The following will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, a special-shaped diamond composite tooth includes a cemented carbide matrix 1 and a diamond composite layer 2 located at the head of the cemented carbide matrix.

[0024] The present invention designs several special-shaped diamond composite teeth, which are suitable for special environmental needs. Of course, it is not limited to these types and can be adjusted according to actual situations.

[0025] Conventional composite teeth are cone spherical. In order to further optimize their applicability in different environments, such as root working conditions, geological environments, and mechanical equipment parameters, the composite teeth can be designed into suitable special shapes.

[0026] As Figure 2 shown, it is an inverted triangular tooth structure, with a triangular top and grooves between the edges. In addition to the three longitudinal edges on the side, the top is made into a triangular shape. By using a smaller contact area of the edges, it has a stronger penetration ability and is especially suitable for relatively soft formations. The teeth can be made long and high for rapid penetration. The edges on the side and top can quickly excavate or drill. Similarly, the grooves between the edges can pass through the mud, increasing the cooling area and the effective scouring area. The depth of the grooves is also adjusted accordingly according to needs.

[0027] As Figure 3As shown, for the same type, it can be made into a quadrangular tooth according to needs. The grooving depth and the position of the groove can also be adjusted according to needs.

[0028] Of course, it can also be made into a multi-sided tooth, and corresponding design and production can be carried out according to requirements.

[0029] Such as Figure 4 As shown, on the basis of a triangular tooth, a serrated groove is added to the outer contour, which can further increase the scraping ability of the outer contour and at the same time increase the water-cooling area. Of course, the added groove type, width, inclination angle, etc. can all be adjusted accordingly according to needs.

[0030] Figure 5 It is an eccentric tooth structure, or can be called a spoon-shaped tooth. The amplitude of the deviation of the tooth head from the center line can be adjusted according to needs. The diamond composite layer can also be locally thickened according to needs, and the thickness can be made non-uniform around. This shape is more suitable for strata with relatively high requirements for penetration effect. Considering the applicable formation strength and type, similar to the common tool "pickaxe", it can be called a "pickaxe tooth" and is more suitable for penetration.

[0031] Figure 6 Here is another example. The tooth is made into a quadrangular pyramid frustum, belonging to a design similar to a "blunt heavy sword". The top can be made into a round top, a small round top or even a flat top. In some reaming tools, by adjusting the angle of the pressed-in tooth, crushing can be carried out using the side or the intersection of the side and the top. It can also be used in some crushers. The head is relatively blunt and is suitable for some tools for heavy pressure crushing.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a triangular tooth structure. On the one hand, it increases the contact area with the mud during cooling. On the other hand, due to the existence of the groove, it is convenient for the mud to pass through and cool during contact with the formation. In addition, the end part penetrates into the rock formation when crushing the rock, and the side part can scrape off the loose rock. At the same time, the mud will wash the penetration position through the flow channel, similar to the function of a "triangular knife".

[0033] Of course, according to needs, it can also be made into multi-sided, such as pentagonal or hexagonal or even less or more.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a quadrangular tooth structure, and the effect is similar to that of a triangular tooth. It can be selected and used in combination with the corresponding formation strength and penetration situation.

[0035] Such as Figure 9 As shown, it is a multi-sided tooth structure, which is made and selected according to the usage situation.

[0036] Such as Figure 10As shown, it is a conical spherical tooth structure with protrusions, similar to a small "impact hammer". Of course, the size and arrangement of the surface protrusions are also designed and adjusted according to needs. Here, this uniform hemispherical protrusion is used for illustration but is not limited to this. The protrusions can be distributed around the conical surface at a certain angle, and the protrusions can be in the shape of rectangles, triangles, or polygons, etc. The protrusions can be continuous or discontinuous.

[0037] As Figure 11 shown, it is an example of discontinuity, a 120° symmetric type, or other angle symmetries can be achieved, and corresponding processing and production are carried out according to needs.

[0038] As Figure 12 shown, it is a structure similar to an "axe-shaped tooth", with a head similar to a "shovel blade", increasing the penetration degree. Taking a drill bit as an example, cutting teeth can be installed inside. The outer row of teeth has a high linear velocity and may have the problem of chipping, but it can be applied at the position of the center teeth or the inner teeth. For brittle rocks, it can be more easily crushed and fractured.

[0039] As Figure 13 shown, it is a modified type of the above tooth shape, a "broad-back axe-shaped tooth" or a blunt shovel blade, similar to the previous "quadrangular pyramid frustum", with an asymmetric top. When the top width increases, the penetration will decrease accordingly, but the strength will increase.

[0040] As Figure 14 shown, it is a spiral groove tooth structure with a spiral. Its function is also that after the end penetrates, the groove part can scrape the rock formation in a complete circle. The height, taper of the teeth, and the "pitch" and groove width of the spiral groove can all be adjusted according to needs. Similarly, adding a spiral groove design can increase the cooling area during cooling. As Figure 15 shown, an example of a conical tooth with the width of the spiral groove adjusted.

[0041] As Figure 16 shown, it is a multi-edge "mountain peak" tooth structure. After the main edge penetrates, the "secondary edges" on both sides can assist in rolling and penetrating the surrounding rock formation that has already cracked or weakened, further assisting in rock breaking. This kind of tooth can be preformed by adjusting the cemented carbide matrix, and then the outer contour is shaped using a laser engraving machine. The height and shape of the secondary edges can be adjusted according to needs.

[0042] As Figure 17 shown, it is a "tower-shaped tooth" structure. After the topmost penetrates the rock formation, the second level rolls and re-breaks and penetrates the rock formation that has broken or cracked around after the first level is pressed in. Subsequently, the third level rolls the rock formation that has broken or cracked around after the second level penetrates. It is a continuous rock-breaking process. Of course, the number of levels, taper, arc of the outer contour, etc. can all be adjusted according to needs.

[0043] Processing method

[0044] Diamond belongs to a material that is extremely hard and wear-resistant and cannot be processed by conventional means. However, with a laser engraving machine and through a numerical control program, it is possible to relatively easily achieve the shaping of the later contour of the diamond layer.

[0045] The laser engraving machine can, according to pre-programming, use a laser beam to remove a predicted part of the diamond layer in small ablation amounts each time, so that the rough teeth can be processed into special designed shapes.

[0046] For some teeth with larger machining amounts, auxiliary shaping can be carried out by adjusting the shape contour of the cemented carbide matrix. Subsequently, the laser engraving machine is used to shape the outer contour of the diamond layer synthesized under high pressure, removing the parts that need to be machined off and retaining the required outer contour.

[0047] For conventional cone ball teeth, the purpose of making special-shaped teeth is to enable the teeth to penetrate, shear, and scrape rocks more effectively, or to cool the teeth themselves more effectively.

[0048] It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A special-shaped diamond composite tooth, characterized in that: It comprises a cemented carbide substrate and a diamond composite layer located on the head of the cemented carbide substrate; the head of the cemented carbide substrate is an inverted triangular tooth structure, the top is a triangular prism, and there are grooves between the prisms.

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