Experimental device for measuring rock-soil three-dimensional expansion deformation under water-rock action based on mechanical vision

Abstract

An experimental device for measuring three-dimensional expansion deformation of rock and soil under the action of water and rock based on mechanical vision comprises a bottom platform, a reinforced transparent glass cover container, a camera assembly, a stand column, a limiting block, a cross beam, an electric lifting experimental platform and a computer. The electric lifting experiment platform comprises a lifting motor, an electric telescopic rod, an experiment disc cross beam, a vertical rod, a bearing disc, a tempered glass chassis, a fixing nut and an annular force sensor. According to the device, the electric lifting experiment platform is used for adjusting the position of a rock-soil sample, the camera assembly is used for shooting the states of the sample in different stages when the sample encounters water in real time, and the computer is used for analyzing the three-dimensional expansion deformation of the rock-soil sample. The device is simple in principle, parts are convenient to replace, and three-dimensional expansion deformation of the rock-soil sample after the rock-soil sample encounters water can be analyzed with high precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of geotechnical tests on water-rock reactions, and particularly to an experimental device for measuring the three-dimensional expansion deformation of geotechnical materials under the action of water-rock based on machine vision. Background Technique

[0002] In nature, the water-rock interaction is a common phenomenon, which is the interaction between water and rocks (including geotechnical materials). This interaction involves the changes in the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of rocks by water. Here, rocks refer to sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks, igneous rocks in various senses, and also include various soils, muds, argillaceous materials, etc. Some scholars have summarized the impacts of water-rock interaction as the following: geotechnical softening, seepage pressure effect, infiltration piping, hydraulic scouring, and geotechnical water loss consolidation, drying and disintegration. Geotechnical materials have the characteristics of being easy to soften and disintegrate when encountering water, swelling and deforming when absorbing water, shrinking and cracking when losing water, having strong hydrophilicity, poor water permeability, and being easy to weather. Therefore, geotechnical materials often produce a series of impacts when encountering water. For example, in soft rock areas under the influence of factors such as rainfall, large expansion deformations often occur, eventually leading to phenomena such as landslides, collapses, and weathering spalling. Therefore, it is very meaningful to measure and analyze the process of geotechnical water-rock expansion deformation.

[0003] Generally, traditional experiments for measuring water-rock expansion deformation often use dial gauges, laser rangefinders, etc. to make the sample into a cylinder and restrict its lateral deformation to measure its axial deformation. In this way, the influence brought by lateral deformation is often ignored, and the deformation generated when geotechnical materials encounter water cannot be restored most realistically.

[0004] Machine vision is a technology that uses machines to replace human eyes for measurement and judgment. It converts the target into an image signal through a camera, and then uses an image processing system to operate and analyze these signals to extract the characteristic information of the target, for realizing the recognition, analysis and processing of objects, images and scenes. Using machine vision technology to achieve real-time shooting of the states of the sample at different stages when encountering water, through analysis, processing, modeling and three-dimensional coordinate comparison, the three-dimensional expansion deformation of geotechnical materials can be measured more accurately. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an experimental device for measuring the three-dimensional expansion deformation of geotechnical materials under the action of water-rock based on machine vision aiming at the deficiencies in the above-mentioned existing technology.

[0006] The described experimental device for measuring the three-dimensional expansion deformation of rock and soil under the action of water-rock interaction based on machine vision includes a bottom platform. An enhanced transparent glass cover container is placed on the bottom platform. A drain pipe is opened at the bottom of the enhanced transparent glass cover container. Columns are symmetrically arranged at two corners of the bottom platform. A camera assembly is installed on the columns. A limit block is bolted to the top of the columns. A cross beam is installed between the two columns. The cross beam is provided with a transmission line hanging ring and an installation slot. An electric lifting experimental platform is installed in the installation slot.

[0007] The camera assembly includes a camera, a rotating part, a telescopic rod, a connecting part, a stabilizing knob, and a camera transmission line. The connecting part is arranged on the column. The connecting part slides axially along the column. The connecting part is installed with a stabilizing knob. One end of the telescopic rod is arranged on the connecting part and can axially expand and contract. The other end of the telescopic rod is connected to the rotating part. The camera is installed on the rotating part and can rotate. The camera is connected to the camera transmission line and is signal-connected to a computer. The camera transmission line is hung on the transmission line hanging ring.

[0008] The electric lifting experimental platform includes a lifting motor, an electric telescopic rod, an experimental disc cross beam, a vertical rod, a bearing tray, an enhanced glass bottom plate, a fixing nut, and an annular force sensor. The lifting motor is fixed in the middle of the cross beam through the installation slot. The lower part of the lifting motor is fixedly connected to the electric telescopic rod. The electric telescopic rod is controlled by the lifting motor to axially expand and contract. The lower part of the electric telescopic rod is installed with the experimental disc cross beam. The experimental disc cross beam rotates along the axis of the electric telescopic rod. The two ends of the experimental disc cross beam are perforated and pass through the vertical rods. An annular force sensor is fixed on the upper part of the vertical rods. The lower part of the vertical rods passes through the holes on both sides of the bearing tray and is fixed at both ends of the bearing tray through the fixing nut. The enhanced glass bottom plate is placed on the annular groove arranged in the bearing tray.

[0009] A water inlet pipe is installed on the experimental disc cross beam. A spray head is arranged below the water inlet pipe.

[0010] The enhanced glass bottom plate is provided with water permeable holes.

[0011] The annular force sensor is connected to a sensor transmission line and is signal-connected to a computer. The sensor transmission line is hung on the transmission line hanging ring.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the technical effects and advantages provided by the present utility model are:

[0013] The mass of the experimental sample and the mass of the sample after the spray head sprays water stably are measured by using the annular force sensor, so as to calculate the different water content states of the sample, which is convenient for measuring the expansion deformation of the sample in different water content states.

[0014] Through the connecting piece, telescopic rod and rotating piece in the camera assembly, the up, down, left and right telescoping of the camera and the axial rotation along the direction of the rotating piece are ensured. The position of the sample is finely adjusted by using the electric telescopic rod and the cross beam of the experimental plate in the electric lifting experimental platform, so as to realize the multi-angle real-time shooting of the sample.

[0015] Images are obtained through the camera, and corresponding computer processing algorithms are used for three-dimensional modeling to realize the calculation of the three-dimensional space coordinates of the sample. By comparing and analyzing with the three-dimensional coordinates of different states of the sample, the deformation of the sample under different water content states over time can be calculated.

[0016] Next, through the attached drawings and embodiments, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be further described in detail. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the attached drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the attached drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other attached drawings can be obtained based on these attached drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a lower oblique view of the electric lifting experimental platform of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bearing tray and the reinforced glass chassis of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the camera assembly of the present utility model.

[0022] Explanation of the Labels in the Drawings:

[0023] 1. Bottom platform; 2. Reinforced transparent glass cover container; 21. Drain pipe; 31. Camera; 32. Rotating piece; 33. Telescopic rod; 34. Connecting piece; 341. Stabilizing knob; 35. Camera transmission line; 4. Column; 5. Limit block; 6. Cross beam; 61. Transmission line hanging loop; 62. Installation groove; 71. Lifting motor; 72. Electric telescopic rod; 73. Experimental plate cross beam; 74. Vertical rod; 75. Bearing tray; 751. Annular groove; 76. Reinforced glass chassis; 761. Water permeable hole; 77. Fixed nut; 78. Annular force sensor; 781. Sensor transmission line; 791. Water inlet pipe; 792. Spray head; 8. Computer. Detailed Embodiment

[0024] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a detachable connection, welding, or other indirect or direct connections, etc.

[0025] In order to enable relevant technicians to better understand its use and functions, the technical solutions of the present device will be specifically and detailedly described below in combination with the attached drawings and specific embodiments of the present utility model device. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] An experimental device for measuring the three-dimensional expansion deformation of rock and soil under the action of water-rock interaction based on machine vision provided in this embodiment is as Figures 1 to 4 , including:

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, on the bottom platform 1, a reinforced transparent glass cover container 2 with a drain pipe 21 opened at the bottom is placed, which can receive the excess water from the electric lifting experimental platform and can be used as a container for the disintegration experiment. Columns 4 are symmetrically arranged at two corners of the bottom platform 1 to save the experimental space. A camera assembly is installed on the columns 4, a cross beam 6 is installed between the columns 4, and a limit block 5 is bolted to the top of the column 4 to prevent the cross beam 6 from exceeding the top. The cross beam 6 is provided with an installation groove 62, and an electric lifting experimental platform is installed in the installation groove 62.

[0029] Furthermore, as Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, the camera assembly includes: a camera 31, a rotating member 32, a telescopic rod 33, a connecting member 34, a stabilizing knob 341, and a camera transmission line 35. The connecting member 34 is provided on the column 4 and can axially expand and contract on the column 4, and the relative position is fixed by tightening the stabilizing knob 341. The telescopic rod 33 connects the connecting member 34 and the rotating member 32 and can axially expand and contract in the horizontal direction. The camera 31 is installed on the rotating member 32 and can rotate axially along the rotating member 32. The camera transmission line 35 is hung on the transmission line hanging ring 61, which can prevent the camera transmission line 35 from being scattered and wound. The camera 31 is connected to the camera transmission line 35 and transmits data to the computer 8. Through the above technical solutions, multi-angle position adjustment of the camera 31 can be realized, so as to perform real-time multi-angle shooting of the expansion deformation of the sample under the action of water-rock interaction, and the computer 8 analyzes the deformation process of the sample in real time.

[0030] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the electric lifting experimental platform includes a lifting motor 71, an electric telescopic rod 72, an experimental plate cross beam 73, a vertical rod 74, a bearing tray 75, a reinforced glass chassis 76, a fixing nut 77, and a ring force sensor 78. The lifting motor 71 is fixed on the installation groove 62 and is connected to the electric telescopic rod 72 at the lower part, capable of automatically controlling the lifting of the lower structure. The experimental plate cross beam 73 is arranged at the lower end of the electric telescopic rod 72 and can rotate around the electric telescopic rod 72 to adjust the horizontal direction of the sample. The vertical rod 74 is arranged to pass through both ends of the experimental plate cross beam 73. A ring force sensor 78 is fixed at the upper end of the vertical rod 74. When placing the sample, the ring force sensor 78 can transmit the force received to the computer 8 in real time through the sensor transmission line 781 to measure the mass of the sample in different water content states. The lower end of the vertical rod 74 passes through the openings on both sides of the bearing tray 75 and is fixed to both ends of the bearing tray 75 through the fixing nut 77. The reinforced glass chassis 76 is placed on the annular groove 751 provided inside the bearing tray 75. A water inlet pipe 791 is installed on the experimental plate cross beam 73, and a spray head 792 is arranged at the lower part of the water inlet pipe 791.

[0031] The ring force sensor 78 is connected to the sensor transmission line 781 and transmits data to the computer 8. The sensor transmission line 781 is hung on the transmission line hanging ring 61

[0032] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, for the sake of light transmission and convenient loading and unloading, the bearing tray 75 does not adopt an integral component. An annular groove 751 is provided in the middle, and a light-transmitting reinforced glass chassis 76 can be placed. The reinforced glass chassis 76 is provided with water permeable holes 761, and the excess water will flow along the holes and gaps into the reinforced transparent glass cover container 2 for temporary storage.

[0033] The specific method for the device in this embodiment to measure the three-dimensional expansion deformation of the rock and soil sample due to water-rock interaction may include the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Install all components to ensure the stability of the device and sufficient experimental light.

[0035] Step 2: Place the reinforced glass chassis 76 on the bearing tray 75, and raise the bearing tray to an appropriate height by adjusting the electric telescopic rod 72. Place the sample in the exact middle of the reinforced glass chassis 76.

[0036] Step 3: Adjust the camera assembly to ensure that the sample can be clearly photographed from three angles and three dimensions. Fix the adjusted position with the stabilizing knob 341. Turn on the camera 31 and check whether the image is clear on the computer 8. Continue to adjust the position until it is clear and then fix it again.

[0037] Step 4: Use the ring force sensor to measure the mass of the sample in the initial dry state, and observe and record the mass in the dry state and the initial image with the computer.

[0038] Step 5: Use the spray head 792 to spray an appropriate amount of water onto the sample. After the moisture content of the sample reaches the experimental requirement, turn off the spray head 792, and continuously observe and record the images of the sample.

[0039] Step 6: After the experiment is completed, remove and place the sample, and use the drain pipe 21 to drain the water in the transparent glass cover container 2, and tidy up and clean the experimental device.

[0040] Step 7: Finally, perform 3D modeling using the real-time data recorded by the computer 8 and analyze the swelling deformation of the sample.

[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these combinations should all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. An experimental device for measuring three-dimensional expansion deformation of rock and soil under water-rock action based on machine vision, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bottom platform (1), a tempered transparent glass cover container (2) is placed on the bottom platform (1), a drainage pipe (21) is provided at the bottom of the tempered transparent glass cover container (2), columns (4) are symmetrically arranged at two corners of the bottom platform (1), a camera assembly is installed on the columns (4), a limit block (5) is bolted to the top of the columns (4), a crossbeam (6) is installed between the two columns (4), the crossbeam (6) is provided with a transmission line hanging ring (61) and a mounting groove (62), and an electric lifting experimental platform is installed in the mounting groove (62).

2. According to claim 1, an experimental device for measuring three-dimensional expansion deformation of rock and soil under the action of water and rock based on machine vision, characterized in that: The camera assembly comprises a camera (31), a rotating member (32), a telescopic rod (33), a connecting member (34), a stabilizing knob (341), and a camera transmission line (35); the connecting member (34) is arranged on a column (4), the connecting member (34) slides axially along the column (4), and the connecting member (34) is provided with a stabilizing knob (341); one end of the telescopic rod (33) is arranged on the connecting member (34), and the other end of the telescopic rod (33) is connected to the rotating member (32); the camera (31) is installed on the rotating member (32); the camera (31) is connected to the camera transmission line (35) and the signal is connected to the computer (8), and the camera transmission line (35) is hung on a transmission line hanging ring (61).

3. The experimental device for measuring the three-dimensional expansion deformation of rock and soil under the action of water and rock based on machine vision according to claim 1 is characterized by: The electric lifting experimental platform comprises a lifting motor (71), an electric telescopic rod (72), an experimental plate crossbeam (73), a vertical rod (74), a supporting tray (75), a tempered glass bottom plate (76), a fixing nut (77), and an annular force sensor (78); the lifting motor (71) is fixed to the middle of the crossbeam (6) through a mounting groove (62); the lower part of the lifting motor (71) is fixedly connected to the electric telescopic rod (72); the electric telescopic rod (72) is controlled to axially extend and retract through the lifting motor (71); the electric telescopic rod ( A test plate crossbeam (73) is installed at the lower part of the electric telescopic rod (72), and the test plate crossbeam (73) rotates along the axis of the electric telescopic rod (72). The two ends of the test plate crossbeam (73) are opened and pass through the vertical rod (74). The upper part of the vertical rod (74) is fixed with an annular force sensor (78). The lower part of the vertical rod (74) passes through the openings on both sides of the support tray (75) and is fixed to the two ends of the support tray (75) through the fixing nuts (77). The tempered glass bottom plate (76) is placed on the annular groove (751) provided on the support tray (75).

4. The experimental device for measuring the three-dimensional expansion deformation of rock and soil under the action of water and rock based on mechanical vision according to claim 3 is characterized by: A water inlet pipe (791) is installed on the experimental plate crossbeam (73), and a spray head (792) is arranged at the lower part of the water inlet pipe (791).

5. The experimental device for measuring the three-dimensional expansion deformation of rock and soil under the action of water and rock based on machine vision according to claim 3 is characterized by: The tempered glass bottom plate (76) is provided with a water permeable hole (761).

6. The experimental device for measuring the three-dimensional expansion deformation of rock and soil under the action of water and rock based on machine vision according to claim 3 is characterized by: The annular force sensor (78) is connected to a sensor transmission line (781) and is signal-connected to a computer (8), and the sensor transmission line (781) is hung on a transmission line hanging ring (61).

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