Knob switch device and engineering machinery

Abstract

The utility model provides a knob switch device and engineering machinery, and the knob switch device comprises a main control board, a control circuit which is provided with four gears of power-on, preheating, stopping and starting, and a plurality of photoelectric tube switches which are used for controlling the control circuit and are annularly arranged on the main control board; the shielding part can shield the photoelectric tube switches to trigger the photoelectric tube switches, and the shielding part can rotate to shield different photoelectric tube switches along the arrangement direction of the photoelectric tube switches so as to switch and trigger one of four gears of the control circuit; and the start-stop knob cap is used for driving the shielding part to rotate and is fixedly connected with the shielding part. The knob switch device adopts non-contact photoelectric control, can avoid button failure or short circuit faults caused by the problems of poor contact or copper cuttings falling and the like due to long-term friction in a contact mode, and further improves the reliability of controlling start and stop of a vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of start-stop control of construction machinery, and particularly relates to a rotary switch device and a construction machinery. Background Art

[0002] At present, construction machinery has generally been upgraded from a key start-stop rotary switch to a rotary control switch device with a button start-stop integrated gear adjustment. However, both this button start-stop with gear adjustment switch and the key switch adopt a similar principle for start-stop switch control. The key switch controls the switch to be powered on through the conduction of the rotary contact and the static copper contact, and the button start-stop controls the switch to be powered on through the depression of the button and the conduction with the bottom static contact. In this way, during the long-term rotation or pressing process, faults such as poor contact due to wear or short circuit caused by dropped copper chips may occur, resulting in the whole vehicle being unable to be powered on and started, affecting the reliability of controlling the vehicle start-stop.

[0003] In addition, construction machinery generally works in a humid and harsh environment, and it is more likely to have faults such as button failure due to water ingress, which also affects the reliability. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a rotary switch device and a construction machinery to improve the reliability of controlling the vehicle start-stop.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A rotary switch device includes a main control board with a control circuit having four gears of controlling power on, preheating, stopping, and starting the machine. It further includes:

[0007] A plurality of photoelectric tube switches for controlling the control circuit, and the photoelectric tube switches are annularly arranged on the main control board;

[0008] A shielding component capable of shielding the photoelectric tube switches to trigger the photoelectric tube switches. The shielding component can rotate along the arrangement direction of the photoelectric tube switches to shield different photoelectric tube switches, so as to switch and trigger one of the four gears of the control circuit;

[0009] A start-stop rotary knob cap for driving the shielding component to rotate, and the start-stop rotary knob cap is fixedly connected to the shielding component.

[0010] Preferably, in the above rotary switch device, there are 3 photoelectric tube switches, which are sequentially the first photoelectric tube switch, the second photoelectric tube switch, and the third photoelectric tube switch along the ring of the main control board; among them,

[0011] In the stop gear state, all photoelectric tube switches are not shielded, and the control circuit is disconnected;

[0012] In the preheating gear state, the first photoelectric tube switch is not blocked, the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch are blocked, and the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch control the control circuit to turn on preheating;

[0013] In the power-on gear state, the first photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch are both not blocked, the second photoelectric tube switch is blocked, and the second photoelectric tube switch controls the control circuit to turn on power-on;

[0014] In the starting gear state, the third photoelectric tube switch is not blocked, the first photoelectric tube switch and the second photoelectric tube switch are blocked, and the first photoelectric tube switch and the second photoelectric tube switch control the control circuit to turn on starting.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned knob switch device, the shielding member includes an arc-shaped first shielding strip and a second shielding strip, and the two share the same center; among them:

[0016] In the stop gear state, the first shielding strip is in the gap between the first photoelectric tube switch and the second photoelectric tube switch, and the second shielding strip is in the gap between the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch. All photoelectric tube switches are not blocked, and the control circuit is disconnected;

[0017] In the preheating gear state, the first photoelectric tube switch is not blocked, the first shielding strip blocks the second photoelectric tube switch, the second shielding strip blocks the third photoelectric tube switch, and the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch control the control circuit to turn on preheating;

[0018] In the power-on gear state, the first photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch are both not blocked, the second shielding strip blocks the second photoelectric tube switch, and the second photoelectric tube switch controls the control circuit to turn on power-on;

[0019] In the starting gear state, the third photoelectric tube switch is not blocked, the first shielding strip blocks the first photoelectric tube switch, the second shielding strip blocks the second photoelectric tube switch, and the first photoelectric tube switch and the second photoelectric tube switch control the control circuit to turn on starting.

[0020] Preferably, in the above-mentioned knob switch device, the first photoelectric tube switch, the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch are evenly distributed along the ring of the main control board;

[0021] The arc length ratio of the second shielding strip to the first shielding strip is 2:1, and the included angle between the two opposite sides of the second shielding strip and the first shielding strip is 160°;

[0022] The start-stop knob cap has rotation positions corresponding one by one to the four gears. The rotation positions are preheating, stop, power-on, and start-up in sequence according to the clockwise rotation direction of the start-stop knob cap. The included angles between adjacent two rotation positions are 45°, 45°, and 35° in sequence.

[0023] Preferably, in the above-mentioned knob switch device, the knob switch device includes an inner fixed support fixedly connected to the main control board, and the start-stop knob cap is rotatably arranged at one end of the inner fixed support away from the main control board;

[0024] A backlight ring in rotational cooperation with the start-stop knob cap is arranged on the inner fixed support. The backlight ring is provided with gear position indication marks corresponding one by one to the rotation positions of the start-stop knob cap, which are HEAT, OFF, ON, and START respectively;

[0025] Four backlight sources are arranged on the main control board;

[0026] Four-way background optical fibers for guiding the light emitted by the backlight sources to the gear position indication marks are axially penetrated through the inner fixed support, and are respectively arranged between the backlight sources and the gear position indication marks in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0027] Preferably, in the above-mentioned knob switch device, a start-stop knob fixed shaft in positioning cooperation with the start-stop knob cap is fixedly sleeved at one end of the inner fixed support close to the start-stop knob cap; A start-stop knob rotating shaft is rotatably sleeved inside the start-stop knob fixed shaft. One end of the start-stop knob rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the shielding part, and the other end is fixedly connected to the start-stop knob cap;

[0028] Two ball springs are symmetrically embedded in the inner fixed support and can cooperate with the symmetric concave-convex curved surfaces arranged outside the start-stop knob rotating shaft to realize the brittle rotation of the start-stop knob cap;

[0029] A rotating snap spring connected to the start-stop knob rotating shaft is arranged inside the start-stop knob fixed shaft for driving the start-stop knob cap to automatically rebound to the "OFF" gear or the "OFF" gear during the process of switching the start-stop gear positions;

[0030] Two limit stop blocks are arranged on the start-stop knob rotating shaft and can be in limit cooperation with the limit surfaces inside the inner fixed support during rotation to limit the rotation position.

[0031] Preferably, in the above-mentioned knob switch device, a light-transmitting part is arranged at the indicating end of the start-stop knob cap;

[0032] An indicator light for increasing the brightness of the light-transmitting part is arranged at the center of the main control board;

[0033] The start-stop knob shaft is embedded with a light guide column extending from the indicator light to the start-stop knob cap; one end of the light guide column close to the indicator light is provided with a groove for increasing the light receiving ability, and the other end is provided with a condensing surface for converging the light on the light transmissive part;

[0034] Wherein, the condensing surface deviates towards the side of the light transmissive part relative to the axis of the light guide column, the condensing surface includes a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface that form different angles with the axis of the start-stop knob shaft, the second inclined surface is connected to the light transmissive part, and the included angle between the two inclined surfaces is 90-110 degrees;

[0035] The light of the indicator light is introduced into the first inclined surface through the groove, reflected to the second inclined surface, and converged on the light transmissive part.

[0036] Preferably, in the above-mentioned knob switch device, the main control board is covered with a light transmissive waterproof sheath, and a water guide groove and a water drain port are provided at the top of the knob switch device;

[0037] The control circuit is a CAN circuit communicatively connected to the CAN bus.

[0038] Preferably, in the above-mentioned knob switch device, the knob switch device includes:

[0039] An inner fixed support fixedly connected to the main control board, and the start-stop knob cap is rotatably arranged at one end of the inner fixed support away from the main control board;

[0040] A gear position adjustment ring for adjusting the throttle gear position, and the gear position adjustment ring is rotatably sleeved on one end of the inner fixed support close to the start-stop knob cap;

[0041] A gear position control ring fixedly connected to one end of the gear position adjustment ring close to the main control board, and the gear position control ring is rotatably sleeved on one end of the inner fixed support close to the main control board; a spring copper top pin matching with the circumferential concave-convex curve of the gear position control ring is embedded on the outer periphery of the inner fixed support, the circumferential concave-convex curve is evenly distributed along the entire circumference of the gear position control ring, and a plurality of gear bars are arranged at one end of the gear position control ring close to the main control board at intervals relative to the circumferential concave-convex curve;

[0042] Wherein, a backlight ring rotatably matched with the start-stop knob cap is arranged on the inner fixed support, and the backlight ring is exposed outside the gear position adjustment ring;

[0043] There are a plurality of the water guide grooves, which are arranged on the top of the inner fixed support and communicated with the fitting gap between the start-stop knob cap and the backlight ring; there are a plurality of the water drain ports, which penetrate the inner fixed support in the vertical direction, and a drain port communicated with the water drain ports is arranged at the bottom of the gear position adjustment ring.

[0044] Preferably, in the above-mentioned knob switch device, the knob switch device includes:

[0045] An installation shaft ring and an installation nut ring for being cooperatively installed on the cab armrest box;

[0046] A connection base fixedly connected to the installation shaft ring, and a PIN needle connector on the connection base is electrically connected to the vehicle body;

[0047] A power board arranged on the connection base, and the main control board is electrically connected to the power board.

[0048] The knob switch device provided by the present application includes a main control board, which has a control circuit for controlling four gears of power-on, preheating, stop, and starting. It also includes: a plurality of photoelectric tube switches for controlling the control circuit, and the photoelectric tube switches are annularly arranged on the main control board; a shielding component capable of shielding the photoelectric tube switches to trigger the photoelectric tube switches, and the shielding component can rotate along the arrangement direction of the photoelectric tube switches to shield different photoelectric tube switches so as to switch and trigger one of the four gears of the control circuit; a start-stop knob cap for driving the shielding component to rotate, and the start-stop knob cap is fixedly connected to the shielding component.

[0049] During operation, according to the target gear (one of power-on, preheating, stop, and starting) to be triggered, rotate the start-stop knob cap to the target position to drive the shielding component to rotate along the arrangement direction of the photoelectric tube switches to the position where the target photoelectric tube switch is shielded, thereby triggering the target gear among the four gears of the control circuit of the main control board.

[0050] In summary, the present application uses the cooperation between the shielding component and the photoelectric tube switches to control the control circuit to achieve four-gear operations of power-on, preheating, stop, and starting. It adopts non-contact photoelectric control, which can avoid problems such as poor contact or dropping of copper chips caused by long-term friction in the contact type, resulting in key failure or short-circuit faults, thereby improving the reliability of controlling the start and stop of the vehicle.

[0051] At the same time, the present application realizes one-key starting through the start-stop knob cap, and the operation is more convenient.

[0052] The present application also provides a construction machinery, which includes any one of the above-mentioned knob switch devices. Since the above-mentioned knob switch device has the above effects, the construction machinery with the above-mentioned knob switch device has the same effects, so it will not be elaborated herein. Description of the Drawings

[0053] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on the provided accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 Explosion structure schematic diagram of the knob switch device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 2 Overall three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the knob switch device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 3 Side view of the knob switch device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 4 Along Figure 3 Cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of line A-A;

[0058] Figure 5 Along Figure 3 Cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of line B-B;

[0059] Figure 6 Along Figure 3 Cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of line C-C;

[0060] Figure 7 Along Figure 3 Cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of line D-D;

[0061] Figure 8 Connection structure schematic diagram of the start-stop knob fixed shaft, start-stop knob rotating shaft and light guide column of the knob switch device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 9 Structure schematic diagram of the start-stop knob fixed shaft provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 10 Top view of the start-stop knob fixed shaft provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 11 Assembly structure schematic diagram of the start-stop knob fixed shaft and the start-stop knob rotating shaft of the knob switch device provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0065] Above Figures 1-11 In:

[0066] 1 - Start - stop knob cap, 2 - Background light ring, 3 - Gear adjustment ring, 4 - Rotating snap ring, 5 - Inner fixed support, 6 - Gear control ring, 7 - Light - transmitting waterproof sheath, 8 - Main control board, 9 - Power board, 10 - Connecting base, 11 - Mounting shaft ring, 12 - Mounting nut ring, 13 - Spring copper top pin, 14 - Background optical fiber, 15 - Start - stop knob fixed shaft, 16 - Start - stop knob rotating shaft, 161 - First shielding strip, 162 - Second shielding strip, 163 - Limit stop block, 17 - Light guide column, 18 - Indicator light, 19 - Photoelectric tube switch, 20 - Ball spring. Detailed implementation mode

[0067] This application provides a knob switch device and construction machinery, which improves the reliability of controlling the start - stop of a vehicle.

[0068] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0069] As Figures 1-11 shown, the knob switch device provided in the embodiment of this application includes a main control board 8, which has a control circuit for controlling four gears: power - on, pre - heating, stop, and starting. It also includes: a plurality of photoelectric tube switches 19 for controlling the control circuit, and the photoelectric tube switches are annularly arranged on the main control board 8; a shielding component that can shield the photoelectric tube switches 19 to trigger the photoelectric tube switches 19. The shielding component can rotate along the arrangement direction of the photoelectric tube switches 19 to shield different photoelectric tube switches 19, so as to switch and trigger one of the four gears of the control circuit; a start - stop knob cap 1 for driving the shielding component to rotate, and the start - stop knob cap 1 is fixedly connected to the shielding component.

[0070] During operation, according to the target gear (one of power - on, pre - heating, stop, and starting) to be triggered, rotate the start - stop knob cap 1 to the target position to drive the shielding component to rotate along the arrangement direction of the photoelectric tube switches 19 to the position where the target photoelectric tube switch 19 is shielded, thereby triggering the target gear among the four gears of the control circuit of the main control board 8.

[0071] In summary, this application uses the cooperation between the shielding component and the photoelectric tube switches 19 to control the control circuit to achieve four - gear operations of power - on, pre - heating, stop, and starting. Adopting non - contact photoelectric control can avoid problems such as poor contact or dropping copper chips caused by long - term friction in the contact - type method, resulting in key failure or short - circuit faults, thereby improving the reliability of controlling the start - stop of a vehicle.

[0072] At the same time, this application realizes one - key starting through the start - stop knob cap 1, making the operation more convenient.

[0073] As Figure 5 shown, preferably, in order to simplify the structure and improve the control accuracy at the same time, there are 3 phototube switches 19, which are successively the first phototube switch, the second phototube switch, and the third phototube switch along the ring of the main control board 8; among them, in the stop gear state, all the phototube switches 19 are not blocked, and the control circuit is disconnected; in the preheating gear state, the first phototube switch is not blocked, the second phototube switch and the third phototube switch are blocked, and the second phototube switch and the third phototube switch control the control circuit to turn on the preheating; in the power-on gear state, the first phototube switch and the third phototube switch are not blocked, the second phototube switch is blocked, and the second phototube switch controls the control circuit to turn on the power-on; in the starting gear state, the third phototube switch is not blocked, the first phototube switch and the second phototube switch are blocked, and the first phototube switch and the second phototube switch control the control circuit to turn on the starting.

[0074] In this embodiment, 3 phototube switches 19 are designed in a circular arrangement at the middle position of the main control board 8, and cooperate with the shielding components to realize the shielding of different phototube switches 19, so as to control the control circuit to realize four-gear operations of power-on, preheating, stopping, and starting.

[0075] This application does not limit the number of the phototube switches 19, as long as different gear controls can be realized in cooperation with the shielding components. For example, 4 phototube switches 19 can also be selected, and the above four-gear operations are realized by shielding different combinations of the phototube switches 19.

[0076] In a further technical solution, the shielding components include an arc-shaped first shielding strip 161 and a second shielding strip 162, and the two are concentric; among them: in the stop gear state, the first shielding strip 161 is in the gap between the first phototube switch and the second phototube switch, and the second shielding strip 162 is in the gap between the second phototube switch and the third phototube switch, and all the phototube switches 19 are not blocked, and the control circuit is disconnected; in the preheating gear state, the first phototube switch is not blocked, the first shielding strip 161 shields the second phototube switch, the second shielding strip 162 shields the third phototube switch, and the second phototube switch and the third phototube switch control the control circuit to turn on the preheating; in the power-on gear state, the first phototube switch and the third phototube switch are not blocked, the second shielding strip 162 shields the second phototube switch, and the second phototube switch controls the control circuit to turn on the power-on; in the starting gear state, the third phototube switch is not blocked, the first shielding strip 161 shields the first phototube switch, the second shielding strip 162 shields the second phototube switch, and the first phototube switch and the second phototube switch control the control circuit to turn on the starting.

[0077] In this embodiment, two arc-shaped shielding strips are used to shield the photoelectric tube switches 19 at different positions to achieve four-gear control. The arc-shaped structure can better cooperate with the rotating operation, with a simple structure and reduced occupied space of the shielding components. It can be understood that the shielding component can also be other structures such as a rectangular block or a separate shielding strip with a light-transmitting hole, as long as it can shield the corresponding photoelectric tube switch 19 at the target position.

[0078] To further optimize the above technical solution, the first photoelectric tube switch, the second photoelectric tube switch, and the third photoelectric tube switch are evenly distributed along the ring of the main control board 8, that is, the three photoelectric tube switches 19 form an angle of 120 degrees with each other, with a symmetrical structure, which is more convenient for the design of the shielding component.

[0079] Correspondingly, the arc length ratio of the second shielding strip 162 to the first shielding strip 161 is 2:1, and the included angle between the two sides of the second shielding strip 162 and the first shielding strip 161 facing away from each other is 160°; the start-stop knob cap 1 has rotation gears corresponding to the four gears one by one. The rotation gears are preheating, stop, power-on, and start-up in sequence according to the clockwise rotation direction of the start-stop knob cap 1, and the included angles between adjacent two rotation gears are 45°, 45°, and 35° in sequence, as Figure 2 shown. As Figure 5 shown, the included angle between the two sides of the narrow shielding strip and the wide shielding strip that are far apart is 160°, and it is designed according to the 2-fold angle relationship of rotating 45° to the right for power-on and then 35° to the right for starting up as designed.

[0080] During application, in the shutdown state, the start-stop knob cap 1 rotates to the "stop" gear. Considering the comfort of ergonomic operation, the knob gear angle is designed. When preheating, rotate 45° to the left to the "preheat" gear, and return to the "stop" gear after a period of time; when powering on, rotate 45° to the right to the "power-on" gear; when starting up is required, rotate 35° to the right to the "start-up" gear, hold for about 2 s until the engine starts, and then return to the "power-on" gear.

[0081] Specifically, in the "stop" state, the narrow shielding strip is in the gap between the first photoelectric tube switch and the second photoelectric tube switch, and the wide shielding strip is in the gap between the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch, and all the photoelectric tube switches 19 are not shielded, and the control circuit is disconnected;

[0082] In the "preheat" state, the start-stop knob cap 1 rotates 45° to the left. At this time, the first photoelectric tube switch is not shielded, the narrow shielding strip shields the second photoelectric tube switch, and the wide shielding strip shields the third photoelectric tube switch. The second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch control the control circuit to turn on the preheat;

[0083] In the "power on" state, when the start / stop knob cap 1 is rotated 45° clockwise, the narrow shielding strip just does not shield the first photoelectric tube switch, and the wide shielding strip shields the second photoelectric tube switch. At this time, only the second photoelectric tube switch is shielded to control the control circuit to turn on the power supply;

[0084] In the "start the machine" state, when the start / stop knob cap 1 is rotated another 35° clockwise, the narrow shielding strip just shields the first photoelectric tube switch, and the wide shielding strip shields the second photoelectric tube switch. At this time, the first photoelectric tube switch and the second photoelectric tube switch are shielded to control the control circuit to start the machine.

[0085] In this embodiment, the second shielding strip 162 and the first shielding strip 161 are designed with an arc length ratio of 2:1 to form narrow and wide shielding strips, which cooperate with the three photoelectric tube switches 19 on the main control board 8 to control the control circuit, realizing four gears of control: power on, preheat, stop, and start the machine. In this way, the two shielding strips are located on one side of the circumferential direction and can be rotated at a small angle to realize gear control, which is convenient for operation.

[0086] It can be understood that the angles between the three photoelectric tube switches 19 can also be different, that is, in a non-uniform distribution manner. The corresponding arc length ratio of the shielding strips is also changed adaptively. The included angle between two adjacent rotation gears can also be other angles, such as 30 degrees for all, as long as the rotation of the knob can drive the shielding strip to realize the above four-gear control.

[0087] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, for the convenience of assembly, the knob switch device includes an inner fixed support 5 fixedly connected to the main control board 8, and the start / stop knob cap 1 is rotatably arranged at one end of the inner fixed support 5 away from the main control board 8; in this application, the start / stop knob cap 1 is supported by the inner fixed support 5, and the rotation of the start / stop knob cap 1 relative to the inner fixed support 5 realizes gear control.

[0088] To facilitate viewing the rotation gear of the start / stop knob cap 1, a backlight ring 2 that rotates in cooperation with the start / stop knob cap 1 is arranged on the inner fixed support 5. The backlight ring 2 is provided with gear indication marks corresponding one by one to the rotation gears of the start / stop knob cap 1, namely HEAT, OFF, ON, and START; four backlight sources are arranged on the main control board 8; four background optical fibers 14 for guiding the light emitted by the backlight sources to the gear indication marks to improve the visual operation in the night operation mode are axially penetrated through the inner fixed support 5, and are respectively arranged between the backlight sources and the gear indication marks one by one.

[0089] Specifically, the backlight ring 2 is made of PC material, and its gear indication marks are obtained by the method of engraving and silk printing. As Figure 2As shown, four background optical fibers 14 penetrate axially through the internal fixing support 5 and are respectively corresponding to directly below the background lamp ring 2. In the night or under weak light conditions, the silk-screened letters "HEAT, OFF, ON, START" can be clearly displayed, which is convenient for operation and at the same time enhances the warm atmosphere in the cab. The design of the four background optical fibers 14 improves the brightness effect of the background lamp ring 2 and at the same time reduces the problem of excessive energy consumption in the single-channel polarized light design, effectively improving the design reliability.

[0090] It can be understood that in this application, one background optical fiber 14 with a relatively large coverage area can also be selected to supplement the light for the four gear indication marks at the same time; or two background optical fibers 14 can be selected to supplement the light for two gear indication marks respectively. Alternatively, in this application, different color identification lights can also be directly set at different gear indication marks to achieve the same technical effect of convenient operation, and specific limitations are not made here in this application.

[0091] As Figure 1 、 4 As shown in Figures 8 and 11, in a specific implementation manner, a start-stop knob fixed shaft 15 that is positioned and matched with the start-stop knob cap 1 is fixedly sleeved at one end of the internal fixing support 5 close to the start-stop knob cap 1; a start-stop knob rotating shaft 16 is rotatably sleeved inside the start-stop knob fixed shaft 15. One end of the start-stop knob rotating shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the shielding component, and the other end is fixedly connected to the start-stop knob cap 1. During assembly, the start-stop knob fixed shaft 15 is embedded inside the internal fixing support 5, and then the start-stop knob rotating shaft 16 is sleeved. The start-stop knob cap 1 drives the shielding component to rotate relative to the photoelectric tube switch 19 by rotating the start-stop knob rotating shaft 16, thereby realizing gear control and facilitating assembly. Of course, the start-stop knob cap 1 can also directly extend downward to be connected to the shielding component.

[0092] As Figure 7 As shown, further, two ball springs 20 are symmetrically embedded inside the internal fixing support 5 and can cooperate with the symmetric concave-convex curved surfaces arranged outside the start-stop knob rotating shaft 16 to realize the brittle rotation of the start-stop knob cap 1; through the cooperation of the ball springs 20 and the symmetric concave-convex curved surfaces in this application, the comfort of the operation feel when the start-stop knob rotating shaft 16 rotates is increased.

[0093] As Figures 9-10As shown in the figure, a rotating circlip 4 connected to the start-stop knob rotating shaft 16 is provided inside the fixed shaft 15 of the start-stop knob, which is used to drive the start-stop knob cap 1 to automatically rebound to the "ON" or "OFF" gear during the process of switching the start-stop gear. Specifically, the rotating circlip 4 is a torsion spring, and both ends of the torsion spring drive the start-stop knob cap 1 to automatically rebound to the "ON" and "OFF" gears respectively when deformed; during the process of switching the start-stop gear, releasing the start-stop knob cap 1 can achieve automatic rebound, which further facilitates operation. Specifically, in the shutdown state, the start-stop knob indicates the "OFF" gear. When installing the armrest box, the "OFF" gear is in the vertical center position. Considering the comfort of ergonomic operation, the angle of the knob gear is designed. When preheating, turn it 45° to the left to the "HEAT" gear, and after a period of time, release your hand and it will automatically rebound to the "OFF" gear. When powering on, turn it 45° to the right to the "ON" gear. When starting the machine is required, turn it 35° to the right to the "START" gear, hold it for about 2s until the engine starts, and then release your hand and it will rebound to the "ON" gear.

[0094] As Figure 8 As shown in the figure, two limit blocks 163 are provided on the start-stop knob rotating shaft 16, which can be in limit cooperation with the limit surface inside the inner fixed support 5 during rotation to limit the rotation position. The limit blocks 163 on the start-stop knob rotating shaft 16 can cooperate with the inside of the inner fixed support 5 during rotation to limit the rotation position, ensuring that the knob will not be damaged due to excessive force, improving the reliability of the rotating gear, and at the same time improving the durability of the rotating circlip 4 and increasing the service life of the knob switch.

[0095] To further optimize the technical solution, a light-transmitting part is provided at the indicating end of the start-stop knob cap 1; an indicator light 18 for increasing the brightness of the light-transmitting part is provided at the center of the main control board 8; a light guide column 17 extending from the indicator light 18 to the start-stop knob cap 1 is embedded in the start-stop knob rotating shaft 16; a groove for increasing the light-receiving ability is provided at one end of the light guide column 17 close to the indicator light 18, and a light-condensing surface for converging the light on the light-transmitting part is provided at the other end; among them, the light-condensing surface deviates from the axis of the light guide column 17 to the side of the light-transmitting part, and the light-condensing surface includes a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface that form different angles with the axis of the start-stop knob rotating shaft 16. The second inclined surface is connected to the light-transmitting part, and the angle between the two inclined surfaces is 90-110 degrees; the light of the indicator light 18 is introduced into the first inclined surface through the groove and then reflected to the second inclined surface and converges on the light-transmitting part.

[0096] Specifically, the indicator light 18 is an LED lamp pasted at the center of the main control board 8. Under the action of the light guide column 17, the power-on, starting, and preheating states are displayed in different colors on the light-transmitting part of the start-stop knob cap 1, which is convenient for visual management and at the same time increases the atmosphere of the cab. The LED lamp is a red-green dual-color lamp, which is red when powering on and preheating, and green when starting the machine, further optimizing the visualization effect.

[0097] The light guide column 17 is formed in a flag shape by a column body, a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface. A groove is provided below the light guide column 17 to increase the light receiving ability. Above, using the principle of light refraction, two inclined surfaces with different angles are designed. After the light is introduced into the first inclined surface at the bottom center, the light is reflected to the second inclined surface. The second inclined surface cooperates with the start-stop knob cap 1 to perfectly display the status light at a point; this solves the problems that the light of the design process indicator lamp 18 is weak and the light crosstalk interference cannot be clearly transmitted through the knob cap.

[0098] Specifically, the included angle between the two inclined surfaces is 102 degrees, and the included angle between the first inclined surface and the column body is 133 degrees. The cooperation between them can achieve a better light condensing effect. Of course, other angles can also be selected as long as they have an effect of gathering light.

[0099] To further improve the reliability of the knob switch device, a light-transmitting and waterproof sheath 7 is covered on the main control board 8, and a water guide groove and a water drain port are provided at the top of the knob switch device. In this application, a rubber sheath is covered on the main control board 8 as the light-transmitting and waterproof sheath 7 to isolate and protect the part below the main control board 8 from being easily affected by water or dust, which may cause faults such as short circuits of the circuit board. At the same time, a water guide groove and a water drain port are provided at the top of the knob switch device. The water entering from the periphery of the upper knob will flow out along the water guide groove and the water drain port, improving the waterproof level and effectively solving the problem of circuit failure caused by frequent water ingress during long-term operation in a humid and harsh environment.

[0100] Preferably, the control circuit is a CAN circuit communicatively connected to the CAN bus. The control circuit of this application supports CAN protocol communication to receive and send messages to the CAN bus, realizes interconnection with the vehicle body display control system, controls the engine start-stop and gear shifting functions, solves the problem of adaptability in expanding applications with different configurations, and the debugging is more concise, fast and efficient. The one-key start-up working status and fault information can be transmitted back to the display screen in real time.

[0101] At the same time, the CAN circuit on the main control board 8 can interact with the display screen in real time during operation to display and feedback its own status. In the non-"OFF" state, it is defined to send a heartbeat message to the CAN bus every 10s, which is received and parsed by the display screen to indicate normal status. In addition, it supports the communication control of the knob switch status and the gear shifting status, realizes a fast and efficient connection with the vehicle machine, has a wider application, and supports OTA remote program download.

[0102] In the knob switch device provided by another specific embodiment, the knob switch device includes an inner fixed support 5 fixedly connected to the main control board 8. The start-stop knob cap 1 is rotatably arranged at one end of the inner fixed support 5 away from the main control board 8. A gear adjustment ring 3 for adjusting the throttle gear is rotatably sleeved on one end of the inner fixed support 5 close to the start-stop knob cap 1. A gear control ring 6 fixedly connected to one end of the gear adjustment ring 3 close to the main control board 8 is rotatably sleeved on one end of the inner fixed support 5 close to the main control board 8. As Figure 6 shown, a spring copper top pin 13 matching the circumferential concave-convex curve of the gear control ring 6 is embedded in the outer circumference of the inner fixed support 5. The circumferential concave-convex curve is evenly distributed along the entire circumference of the gear control ring 6, and a plurality of gear bars are arranged at one end of the gear control ring 6 close to the main control board 8 at intervals relative to the circumferential concave-convex curve.

[0103] During assembly, the inner fixed support 5 is sleeved from above the gear adjustment ring 3, and the gear control ring 6 is sleeved from below. The gear adjustment ring 3 and the gear control ring 6 are connected through a snap groove to form a gear adjustment rotation structure.

[0104] Specifically, there are 3 holes distributed in the circumferential direction on the inner fixed support 5, and the spring copper top pins 13 are respectively embedded to cooperate with the gear control ring 6. The circumferential concave-convex curve of the gear control ring 6 is evenly distributed with 20 protrusions. One gear bar extends downward every other protrusion. The angle of one protrusion for each rotation is 18°. Under the flexible sliding in cooperation with the spring copper top pin 13, a stable 360° two-way throttle adjustment is achieved, effectively avoiding the gear jumping fault. It can be understood that the number of the spring copper top pins 13, protrusions and gear bars in this application is not limited, and can be adaptively selected according to the actual situation.

[0105] In the above embodiment, a backlight ring 2 rotatably cooperating with the start-stop knob cap 1 is arranged on the inner fixed support 5. The backlight ring 2 is exposed outside the gear adjustment ring 3. As Figures 2-4 shown, the backlight ring 2 is installed above the gear adjustment ring 3. There are a plurality of water guide grooves arranged on the top of the inner fixed support 5 and communicating with the fitting gap between the start-stop knob cap 1 and the backlight ring 2. There are a plurality of water discharge ports penetrating the inner fixed support 5 in the vertical direction, and a drain port communicating with the water discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the gear adjustment ring 3.

[0106] In this embodiment, a water guide groove and a water discharge port are arranged above the inner fixed support 5. The water entering from the fitting gap between the start-stop knob cap 1 and the backlight ring 2 will flow along the water guide groove and the water discharge port and flow out from the drain port of the gear adjustment ring 3, improving the waterproof level and effectively solving the problem of circuit failure caused by frequent water ingress during long-term operation in a humid and harsh environment. In order to achieve a better water discharge effect, the water discharge ports are spaced and distributed over the entire circumference of the inner fixed support 5.

[0107] Of course, in this application, the drain port of the gear adjustment ring 3 can also be directly arranged on the side and directly communicated with the water guide groove of the inner fixing support 5.

[0108] For the convenience of assembly, the knob switch device includes: a mounting shaft ring 11 and a mounting nut ring 12 for being cooperatively mounted on the cab armrest box; a connection base 10 fixedly connected to the mounting shaft ring 11, and there is a PIN needle connector on the connection base 10 electrically connected to the vehicle body electrical system; a power board 9 arranged on the connection base 10, and the main control board 8 is electrically connected to the power board 9.

[0109] In this application, the mounting shaft ring 11 and the mounting nut ring 12 are cooperatively mounted on the cab armrest box, and are locked by the threads of the two. The limiting shoulder at the top of the mounting shaft ring 11 and the limiting shoulder at the top of the mounting nut ring 12 are used to cooperatively clamp the armrest box board, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and has good fixing strength at the same time.

[0110] The power board 9 is fixed on the connection base 10 by screws, the main control board 8 and the power board 9 are connected by a flat cable, and the connection base 10 and the mounting shaft ring 11 are connected by a buckle, which is an anti-disassembly design and increases reliability.

[0111] This application also provides a construction machinery, which includes the knob switch device provided in any one of the above embodiments. The control circuit is controlled by the cooperation of the shielding component and the photoelectric tube switch 19 to realize four gears of power on, preheating, stopping, and starting the machine. The non-contact photoelectric control is adopted, which can avoid problems such as poor contact or dropping of copper chips caused by long-term friction in the contact type, resulting in key failure or short-circuit failure, thereby improving the reliability of the start and stop of the construction machinery. Its advantages are brought by the knob switch device. For specific details, please refer to the relevant parts in the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0112] The basic principles of this application have been described above in combination with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in this application are only examples and not limitations. It cannot be considered that these advantages, advantages, effects, etc. are essential for each embodiment of this application. In addition, the above-disclosed specific details are only for the purpose of illustration and easy understanding, rather than limitations. The above details do not limit this application to necessarily adopt the above specific details to implement.

[0113] The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems involved in the present application are only illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. are open-ended terms, meaning "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with each other. The words "or" and "and" used herein refer to the phrase "and / or", and can be used interchangeably with it, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with it.

[0114] It should also be noted that in the devices, equipment, and methods of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.

[0115] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0116] It should be understood that the qualifiers "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", and "sixth" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are only used to more clearly elaborate the technical solutions and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0117] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. In addition, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the forms disclosed herein. Although multiple example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, changes, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A rotary switch device, comprising a main control board (8), having a control circuit for controlling four gears: power-on, preheating, stop, and start, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of photoelectric tube switches (19) for controlling the control circuit, wherein the photoelectric tube switches (19) are arranged in a ring shape on the main control board (8); a shielding component capable of shielding the photoelectric tube switch (19) to trigger the photoelectric tube switch (19), the shielding component being rotatable along the arrangement direction of the photoelectric tube switch (19) to shield different photoelectric tube switches (19) to switch and trigger one of the four gears of the control circuit; A start / stop knob cap (1) is used for driving the shielding component to rotate, and the start / stop knob cap (1) is fixedly connected to the shielding component.

2. The knob switch device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three photoelectric tube switches (19), which are arranged in a ring shape along the main control board (8) in the form of a first photoelectric tube switch, a second photoelectric tube switch, and a third photoelectric tube switch; wherein: In the stop gear state, all photoelectric tube switches (19) are not blocked and the control circuit is disconnected; In the preheating gear state, the first photoelectric tube switch is not blocked, the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch are blocked, and the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch control the control circuit to turn on preheating; In the power-on gear state, the first photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch are not blocked, the second photoelectric tube switch is blocked, and the second photoelectric tube switch controls the control circuit to turn on the power; In the start gear state, the third photoelectric tube switch is not blocked, the first photoelectric tube switch and the second photoelectric tube switch are blocked, and the first photoelectric tube switch and the second photoelectric tube switch control the control circuit to turn on the starter.

3. The rotary switch device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shielding component comprises an arc-shaped first shielding strip (161) and a second shielding strip (162), the two having a common center; wherein: In the stop gear state, the first shielding bar (161) is located in the gap between the first photoelectric tube switch and the second photoelectric tube switch, and the second shielding bar (162) is located in the gap between the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch, all photoelectric tube switches (19) are not shielded, and the control circuit is disconnected; In the preheating gear state, the first photoelectric tube switch is not blocked, the first blocking bar (161) blocks the second photoelectric tube switch, the second blocking bar (162) blocks the third photoelectric tube switch, and the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch control the control circuit to turn on preheating; In the power-on gear state, the first photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch are not blocked, the second blocking bar (162) blocks the second photoelectric tube switch, and the second photoelectric tube switch controls the control circuit to turn on the power; In the start gear state, the third photoelectric tube switch is not blocked, the first blocking bar (161) blocks the first photoelectric tube switch, and the second blocking bar (162) blocks the second photoelectric tube switch, and the first photoelectric tube switch and the second photoelectric tube switch control the control circuit to turn on the starter.

4. The knob switch device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first photoelectric tube switch, the second photoelectric tube switch and the third photoelectric tube switch are evenly distributed along the ring of the main control board (8); The arc length ratio of the second shielding strip (162) and the first shielding strip (161) is 2:1, and the angle between two opposite sides of the second shielding strip (162) and the first shielding strip (161) is 160°; The start-stop knob cap (1) has rotation gears corresponding to the four gears one by one, and the rotation gears are preheating, stop, power on and start in the clockwise rotation direction of the start-stop knob cap (1), and the angles between two adjacent rotation gears are 45°, 45° and 35° respectively.

5. The knob switch device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The knob switch device comprises an inner fixed support (5) fixedly connected to the main control board (8), and the start / stop knob cap (1) is rotatably arranged at an end of the inner fixed support (5) away from the main control board (8); The inner fixed support (5) is provided with a background light ring (2) that is rotatably matched with the start-stop knob cap (1), and the background light ring (2) is provided with gear position indication marks corresponding to the rotation gear positions of the start-stop knob cap (1), namely HEAT, OFF, ON and START; The main control panel (8) is provided with four background light sources; Four background optical fibers (14) are axially penetrated in the inner fixed support (5) and are used to guide the light emitted by the background light source to the gear position indication mark. The four background optical fibers (14) are respectively arranged between the background light source and the gear position indication mark in a one-to-one correspondence.

6. The rotary switch device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A start-stop knob fixed shaft (15) which is positioned and matched with the start-stop knob cap (1) is fixedly sleeved on one end of the inner fixed support (5) close to the start-stop knob cap (1); a start-stop knob rotating shaft (16) is rotatably sleeved on the start-stop knob fixed shaft (15); one end of the start-stop knob rotating shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the shielding component, and the other end is fixedly connected to the start-stop knob cap (1); Two ball springs (20) are symmetrically embedded in the inner fixed support (5) and can cooperate with the symmetrical concave and convex curved surfaces arranged outside the start-stop knob shaft (16) to achieve brittle rotation of the start-stop knob cap (1); A rotating spring (4) connected to the start / stop knob rotating shaft (16) is arranged inside the start / stop knob fixed shaft (15) and is used to drive the start / stop knob cap (1) to automatically rebound to the "ON" gear or the "OFF" gear during the process of switching the start / stop gear position; The start / stop knob shaft (16) is provided with two limit blocks (163) which can cooperate with the limit surfaces in the inner fixed support (5) during the rotation process to limit the rotation position.

7. The rotary switch device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The indicating end of the start / stop knob cap (1) is provided with a light-transmitting portion; An indicator light (18) for increasing the brightness of the light-transmitting portion is arranged at the center of the main control panel (8); The start / stop knob shaft (16) is embedded with a light guide column (17) extending from the indicator light (18) to the start / stop knob cap (1); one end of the light guide column (17) close to the indicator light (18) is provided with a groove for increasing the light receiving capacity, and the other end is provided with a focusing surface for focusing the light on the light-transmitting portion; The light-collecting surface is biased toward one side of the light-transmitting portion relative to the axis of the light-guiding column (17), and the light-collecting surface comprises a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface which form different angles with the axis of the start / stop knob shaft (16), the second inclined surface is connected to the light-transmitting portion, and the angle between the two inclined surfaces is 90-110 degrees; After the light of the indicator light (18) is guided into the first inclined surface by the groove, it is reflected to the second inclined surface and converges on the light-transmitting portion.

8. The rotary switch device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control panel (8) is covered with a light-transmitting waterproof sheath (7), and the top of the knob switch device is provided with a water guide groove and a water drain port; The control circuit is a CAN circuit connected to a CAN bus for communication.

9. The knob switch device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The knob switch device comprises: an inner fixed support (5) fixedly connected to the main control board (8), the start / stop knob cap (1) being rotatably arranged at an end of the inner fixed support (5) away from the main control board (8); A gear adjustment ring (3) for adjusting the throttle gear, wherein the gear adjustment ring (3) is rotatably sleeved on one end of the inner fixed support (5) close to the start / stop knob cap (1); A gear control ring (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the gear adjustment ring (3) close to the main control board (8), and the gear control ring (6) is rotatably sheathed on one end of the inner fixed support (5) close to the main control board (8); a spring copper ejector pin (13) matching the circumferential concave-convex curve of the gear control ring (6) is embedded on the outer periphery of the inner fixed support (5), and the circumferential concave-convex curve is evenly distributed along the entire circumference of the gear control ring (6), and a plurality of gear bars are arranged at intervals relative to the convexities of the circumferential concave-convex curve at one end of the gear control ring (6) close to the main control board (8); Wherein, a background light ring (2) is arranged on the inner fixed support (5) and is rotatably matched with the start / stop knob cap (1), and the background light ring (2) is exposed on the gear adjustment ring (3); There are a plurality of water guide grooves, which are arranged on the top of the inner fixed support (5) and are connected to the matching gap between the start-stop knob cap (1) and the background light ring (2); there are a plurality of drain ports, which pass through the inner fixed support (5) in the vertical direction, and a drainage port connected to the drain port is arranged at the bottom of the gear adjustment ring (3).

10. An engineering machine, characterized in that: It comprises the knob switch device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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