Tool for fixing fiber preform in dipping process
By designing a tool for fixing the fiber preform, including the upper mold, the lower mold and the annular limiting plate, the problem of deformation and uneven distribution of the impregnation liquid during the impregnation process is solved, and the preparation accuracy and product quality of the composite material are significantly improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421821690.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-30
AI Technical Summary
The fiber preform is prone to deformation during the impregnation process and the impregnation liquid is unevenly distributed, resulting in limited preparation quality and performance of the composite material.
A tooling is designed, including upper mold, lower mold and annular limiting plate. Through the design of upper and lower mold locking and annular limiting plate, the fiber prefabricated body is prevented from deformation, and through the through holes and channel design, ensuring the uniform distribution of the impregnative liquid.
It effectively prevents the deformation of the fiber preform during the impregnation process and the uneven distribution of the impregnation liquid, and improves the preparation accuracy and product quality of the composite material.
Smart Images
Figure CN222972571U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fiber composite material impregnation auxiliary tools, and specifically relates to a tooling for fixing a fiber preform during the impregnation process. Background Art
[0002] In the process of preparing composite materials by the precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method, the impregnation link is of crucial importance. This is due to the following aspects: First, the impregnation effect is directly related to the densification degree of the composite material; second, the impregnation link has a significant impact on the interfacial bonding strength of the composite material; third, the impregnation quality is closely related to the thermal stability and chemical stability of the composite material. Therefore, the impregnation link is irreplaceably important in the process of preparing composite materials by the precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method. However, as a woven part, the fiber preform has a relatively loose structure and insufficient rigidity. During the impregnation process, due to various factors such as the pressure of the impregnating liquid, flow impact, and its own gravity, the fiber preform is extremely likely to deform and the impregnating liquid is unevenly distributed in the fiber preform, usually bringing the following defects:
[0003] First of all, deformation will cause the initial shape and size of the fiber preform to change, and it cannot maintain the preset specifications and standards. This means that the shape and size of the finally prepared composite material will deviate from the predetermined requirements, thus failing to meet the design accuracy and performance indicators. For example, if the fiber preform shrinks or expands during the impregnation process, it is very likely that the size parameters such as the length, width, and thickness of the composite material will deviate. In some application fields with extremely high requirements for dimensional accuracy, such as the manufacturing of key components in the aerospace field, such deviations are absolutely not allowed.
[0004] Secondly, deformation may also affect the arrangement and distribution of the fibers inside the composite material, thereby affecting the uniformity and stability of its mechanical properties and physical properties.
[0005] Finally, if the impregnating liquid is unevenly distributed in the fiber preform, it will cause local defects in the product, resulting in inconsistent performance with the surrounding areas, thus seriously affecting the overall performance of the product.
[0006] To sum up, due to the easy deformation of the fiber preform and the uneven distribution of the impregnating liquid during the impregnation process, the preparation quality and performance of the composite material are severely restricted. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tooling that can effectively ensure that the fiber preform does not deform and the impregnating liquid is evenly distributed during the impregnation process, so as to improve the preparation accuracy and reliability of the composite material.
[0007] In view of this, this utility model is specifically proposed. Summary of the Utility Model
[0008] The purpose of the present utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and provides a tooling for fixing a fiber preform during the impregnation process. This tooling can flexibly replace the annular limiting plate adapted to it according to the specific shape and thickness of the fiber preform to be impregnated, and is locked by the upper and lower molds, thereby preventing the risk of deformation of the fiber preform during the impregnation process. At the same time, the upper and lower molds of the tooling are respectively designed with corresponding through holes and channels, which can effectively promote the full immersion of the impregnating liquid in the fiber preform in all directions, thus significantly avoiding the problem of uneven distribution of the impregnating liquid in the fiber preform during the impregnation process, and greatly improving the impregnation effect and product quality.
[0009] The purpose of the present utility model is solved by the following technical solutions:
[0010] A tooling for fixing a fiber preform during the impregnation process provided by the present utility model includes an upper mold, a lower mold located directly below the upper mold and detachably connected thereto, and an annular limiting plate disposed between the upper mold and the lower mold;
[0011] Among them, a plurality of first impregnation through holes are provided on the upper mold and are distributed in a rectangular array. A first impregnation channel is provided on the lower surface of the upper mold and distributes in longitude and latitude to connect all the first impregnation through holes. Second impregnation through holes corresponding to the first impregnation through holes in number and size and coaxially arranged are provided on the lower mold. A second impregnation channel is provided on the upper surface of the lower mold and distributes in longitude and latitude to connect all the second impregnation through holes. The inner cavity of the annular limiting plate is used to place the fiber preform to be impregnated, and the inner cavity of the annular limiting plate is completely covered by the first impregnation through holes or the second impregnation through holes.
[0012] Furthermore, both the first impregnation through holes and the second impregnation through holes are circular through holes. The inner diameter of the circular through holes ranges from 3 mm to 10 mm, and the surface roughness Ra value of the inner wall is less than or equal to 0.4 μm, which is used to reduce the resistance during the impregnation process. The distance between any two adjacent first impregnation through holes or two second impregnation through holes ranges from 5 mm to 20 mm.
[0013] Furthermore, the cross-sections of both the first impregnation channel and the second impregnation channel are groove-shaped. The width dimension is the same as the inner diameter dimension of the first impregnation through hole or the second impregnation through hole, and the depth ranges from 1 mm to 5 mm. And the inner surface of the groove-shaped channel is coated with a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant coating.
[0014] Furthermore, the annular limiting plate is made according to the outer dimension and thickness dimension of the fiber preform to be impregnated;
[0015] Among them, the inner cavity dimension of the annular limiting plate is the same as the outer dimension of the fiber preform to be impregnated, and at the same time, the thickness dimension of the annular limiting plate is equal to the thickness dimension of the fiber preform to be impregnated.
[0016] Further, the inner cavity wall surface of the annular limiting plate has minute anti-slip protrusions for increasing the frictional force with the fiber preform to be impregnated.
[0017] Further, the thickness range of the annular limiting plate is 2 mm to 10 mm.
[0018] Further, a plurality of connection holes are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral edges of the upper die, the lower die and the annular limiting plate, and the upper die and the lower die are detachably connected by a plurality of bolt fasteners passing through the connection holes.
[0019] Further, the connection holes are circular holes or waist-shaped holes.
[0020] Further, the outer contours of the upper die, the lower die and the annular limiting plate are square or circular.
[0021] Further, the upper die, the lower die and the annular limiting plate are all made of stainless steel or graphite.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0023] The tooling provided by the utility model mainly consists of an upper die, a lower die and an annular limiting plate, and it has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
[0024] 1. Precise deformation prevention: The fiber preform to be impregnated is precisely placed in the annular inner cavity of the annular limiting plate. The thickness and inner cavity size of the annular limiting plate match the specifications of the fiber preform. At the same time, the anti-slip protrusions designed on the inner cavity wall surface of the annular limiting plate greatly increase the frictional force with the fiber preform. After placing the fiber preform, the annular limiting plate is further firmly locked by the upper and lower dies and fasteners, effectively preventing the deformation of the fiber preform during the impregnation process from multiple dimensions, and ensuring that the final product can maintain the preset shape and size.
[0025] 2. Uniform impregnation height: The through holes and channels carefully arranged on the upper and lower dies of the tooling efficiently promote the impregnating liquid to completely immerse the fiber preform comprehensively and without omission, significantly and effectively avoiding the problem of uneven distribution of the impregnating liquid, greatly improving the overall performance and quality stability of the product, and providing a solid guarantee for the high quality of the product.
[0026] 3. High-degree customization and adaptation: This tooling can flexibly replace the annular limiting plate adapted to the shape and thickness of the fiber preform to be impregnated, greatly improving the versatility and flexibility of the tooling. This highly customized design enables it to easily meet the impregnation requirements of various fiber preforms with different specifications, and has a wide range of adaptability. Description of the Drawings
[0027] The accompanying drawings here are incorporated into the description and form a part of this description, and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the present utility model.
[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tooling of the present utility model;
[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower surface of the upper die in the tooling of the present utility model;
[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lower die in the tooling of the present utility model;
[0032] Figure 4 is a front view schematic diagram of the upper surface of the lower die in the tooling of the present utility model;
[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the annular limiting plate in the tooling of the present utility model;
[0034] Among them:
[0035] 1 is the upper die; 11 is the first impregnation through hole; 12 is the first impregnation channel;
[0036] 2 is the lower die; 21 is the second impregnation through hole; 22 is the second impregnation channel;
[0037] 3 is the annular limiting plate; 31 is the inner cavity;
[0038] 4 is the bolt fastener. Detailed implementation manners
[0039] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with the present utility model. On the contrary, they are only examples of devices consistent with some aspects of the present utility model detailed in the appended claims.
[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0041] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5, a tooling for fixing a fiber preform during impregnation provided by an embodiment of the present utility model includes an upper mold 1, a lower mold 2 disposed directly below the upper mold 1 and detachably connected thereto, and an annular limiting plate 3 arranged between the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2, and the three are arranged in a stacked manner.
[0042] Among them, the present utility model has a plurality of first impregnation through-holes 11 arranged in a rectangular array on the upper mold 1, and a first impregnation channel 12 arranged in a weft and warp distribution on the lower surface of the upper mold 1 and connecting all the first impregnation through-holes 11 (as Figure 2 shown); the lower mold 2 is provided with second impregnation through-holes 21 corresponding one-to-one in number and size to the first impregnation through-holes 11 and coaxially arranged, and a second impregnation channel 22 arranged in a weft and warp distribution on the upper surface of the lower mold 2 and connecting all the second impregnation through-holes 21 (as Figure 3 , 4 shown); as Figure 5 shown, the inner cavity 31 of the annular limiting plate 3 is used to accommodate the fiber preform to be impregnated, and the inner cavity 31 of the annular limiting plate 3 is completely covered by the first impregnation through-holes 11 or the second impregnation through-holes 21, that is, the coverage range of the impregnation through-holes provided on the upper and lower molds is greater than or equal to the area of the inner cavity 31 of the annular limiting plate 3.
[0043] It can be seen from the above settings that when it is necessary to impregnate the fiber preform, first place the annular limiting plate 3 on the upper surface of the lower mold 2 to ensure that the inner cavity of the annular limiting plate 3 is within the coverage range of the second impregnation through-holes 21 opened on the lower mold 2; then place the fiber preform in the inner cavity 31 of the annular limiting plate 3. At this time, the bottom surface of the fiber preform is supported by multiple small planes formed between the through-holes and the channels; finally, close the upper mold 1 and align it with the lower mold 2, and then lock it to impregnate the fiber preform. Since the fiber preform is restricted in the inner cavity 31 of the annular limiting plate 3, the fiber preform can be effectively prevented from deforming during the impregnation process. At the same time, the through-holes designed in the tooling can ensure that the impregnating liquid smoothly enters its interior, and through the impregnating liquid circulation channels planned above and below the contact surface of the fiber preform, the impregnating liquid can be effectively promoted to completely immerse the fiber preform, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven distribution of the impregnating liquid in the fiber preform during the impregnation process.
[0044] In the present utility model, both the first impregnation through-hole 11 and the second impregnation through-hole 12 are circular through-holes. The inner diameter of the circular through-hole ranges from 3 mm to 10 mm, and the surface roughness Ra value of its inner wall is less than or equal to 0.4 μm, aiming to reduce the resistance during the impregnation process. Moreover, the spacing range between any two adjacent first impregnation through-holes 11 or two second impregnation through-holes 21 is 5 mm to 20 mm. In addition, the cross-sections of the first impregnation channel 12 and the second impregnation channel 22 are both groove-shaped, and their width dimensions are the same as the inner diameter dimensions of the first impregnation through-hole 11 or the second impregnation through-hole 21, with a depth range of 1 mm to 5 mm. And the inner surface of the groove-shaped channel is coated with a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant coating. Specifically, in this embodiment, the inner diameters of the first impregnation through-hole 11 and the second impregnation through-hole 21 are 5 mm, and the spacing between two adjacent through-holes is 10 mm, distributed in a 12×12 rectangular array, that is, a total of 144 through-holes. The groove width of the first impregnation channel 12 and the second impregnation channel 22 is 5 mm, and the depth is 6 mm (as shown in the attached Figure 2 、 4 ).
[0045] In the present utility model, the outer contours of the upper mold 1, the lower mold 2, and the annular limiting plate 3 can be square or circular, or other shapes, as long as they can satisfy the setting of the above specific pore structures. The present utility model does not make specific limitations in this regard. For example, in the attached drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model, the outer contours of the upper mold 1, the lower mold 2, and the annular limiting plate 3 are all square. In addition, a plurality of connection holes are evenly arranged on the outer peripheral edges of the upper mold 1, the lower mold 2, and the annular limiting plate 3. These connection holes are circular holes or waist-shaped holes. In the attached drawings of this embodiment, the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 are detachably connected by 18 bolt fasteners 4 passing through the circular connection holes.
[0046] It should be particularly noted that the annular limiting plate 3 in the present utility model needs to be manufactured according to the outer dimension and thickness dimension of the fiber preform to be impregnated. Specifically, when manufacturing, the inner cavity 31 dimension of the annular limiting plate 3 is the same as the outer dimension of the fiber preform to be impregnated. That is, when the fiber preform is square, the inner cavity 31 is a square structure corresponding to its size, or when the fiber preform is circular, the inner cavity 31 is a circular structure corresponding to its size. At the same time, the thickness dimension of the annular limiting plate 3 is equal to the thickness dimension of the fiber preform to be impregnated. Generally, the thickness range of the annular limiting plate 3 is generally 2 mm to 10 mm, and it is made of a material with wear resistance and not easy to deform. In addition, tiny anti-slip protrusions are provided on the surface of the inner cavity 31 wall of the annular limiting plate 3 to increase the friction with the fiber preform to be impregnated and further prevent it from deforming during the impregnation process.
[0047] Since the upper die 1, the lower die 2 and the annular limiting plate 3 in the present utility model can repeatedly impregnate the fiber preform, in order to improve the service life of the tooling, the upper die 1, the lower die 2 and the annular limiting plate 3 are all made of high-strength materials that are wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant. For example, in this embodiment, the upper die 1, the lower die 2 and the annular limiting plate 3 are all made of stainless steel or graphite.
[0048] The above are only specific embodiments of the present utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present utility model.
[0049] It should be understood that the present utility model is not limited to the content already described above, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present utility model is only limited by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A tool for fixing a fiber preform during an impregnation process, characterized in that: It comprises an upper die (1), a lower die (2) located directly below the upper die (1) and detachably connected thereto, and an annular limiting plate (3) arranged between the upper die (1) and the lower die (2); The upper mold (1) is provided with a plurality of first impregnation holes (11) distributed in a rectangular array, and the lower surface of the upper mold (1) is provided with a first impregnation channel (12) distributed in longitude and latitude and connecting all the first impregnation holes (11); the lower mold (2) is provided with second impregnation holes (21) corresponding in number and size to the first impregnation holes (11) and coaxially arranged, and the upper surface of the lower mold (2) is provided with a second impregnation channel (22) distributed in longitude and latitude and connecting all the second impregnation holes (21); the inner cavity (31) of the annular limiting plate (3) is used to place the fiber preform to be impregnated, and the inner cavity (31) of the annular limiting plate (3) is completely covered by the first impregnation holes (11) or the second impregnation holes (21).
2. The tool for fixing a fiber preform during an impregnation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first immersion through hole (11) and the second immersion through hole (21) are both circular through holes, the inner diameter of the circular through hole is in the range of 3 mm to 10 mm, the surface roughness Ra value of the inner wall is less than or equal to 0.4 μm, and is used to reduce the resistance during the immersion process, and the spacing between any two adjacent first immersion through holes (11) or two second immersion through holes (21) is in the range of 5 mm to 20 mm.
3. The tool for fixing a fiber preform during an impregnation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the first impregnation channel (12) and the second impregnation channel (22) are both groove-shaped, with a width dimension being the same as the inner diameter dimension of the first impregnation through hole (11) or the second impregnation through hole (21), a depth ranging from 1 mm to 5 mm, and the inner surface of the groove-shaped channel is coated with a high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant coating.
4. The tool for fixing a fiber preform during an impregnation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular limiting plate (3) is manufactured according to the outer dimensions and thickness dimensions of the fiber preform to be impregnated; The size of the inner cavity (31) of the annular limiting plate (3) is the same as the outer size of the fiber preform to be impregnated, and the thickness of the annular limiting plate (3) is equal to the thickness of the fiber preform to be impregnated.
5. The tool for fixing a fiber preform during an impregnation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity (31) wall surface of the annular limiting plate (3) is provided with tiny anti-slip protrusions for increasing the friction force between the inner cavity (31) and the fiber preform to be impregnated.
6. The tool for fixing a fiber preform during an impregnation process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the annular limiting plate (3) ranges from 2 mm to 10 mm.
7. The tool for fixing a fiber preform during impregnation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A plurality of connection holes are evenly arranged on the peripheral edges of the upper die (1), the lower die (2) and the annular limiting plate (3); the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) are detachably connected by passing a plurality of bolt fasteners (4) through the connection holes.
8. The tool for fixing a fiber preform during an impregnation process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting hole is a circular hole or a waist-shaped hole.
9. The tool for fixing a fiber preform during an impregnation process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer contours of the upper die (1), the lower die (2) and the annular limiting plate (3) are square or circular.
10. The tool for fixing a fiber preform during an impregnation process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper die (1), the lower die (2) and the annular limiting plate (3) are all made of stainless steel or graphite.