Water ecological restoration system
By designing a water ecological restoration system in the lake and river basin including sedimentation tanks, plant areas and bentonite cured river banks, the problems of low shear strength and high soil erosion rate of river bank soil are solved, and the effect of reducing soil erosion and removing water pollution is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421790380.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-26
AI Technical Summary
In some plain areas of lake and river basins, the shear strength of the river bank soil is low, and the river embankment has weak resistance to erosion of rapid water flow, resulting in high soil erosion rate, unstable river channels, and a lot of suspended objects and pollutants in the water.
A water ecological restoration system was designed, including a sedimentation tank located upstream of the water flow, which was divided into sedimentation tank, water-up plant area, floating leaf plant area, and sedimentation plant area along the river channel, and bentonite solidified river banks were set up on both sides of the river bank. The system improves the shear strength of soil through the combination of sedimentation tanks and plant areas, reduces soil erosion, and removes pollutants in water through the absorption and settlement of plants.
The system improves the shear strength of the soil, reduces the soil erosion rate, reduces the silt and suspended matter in the water, enhances the erosion resistance of the river bank to rapid water flow, and effectively removes pollutants in the water body, slowing down the riverbed lift.
Smart Images
Figure CN222974992U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to an aquatic ecological restoration system. Background Art
[0002] The aquatic ecological restoration technology is based on physical, chemical and biological principles, and is designed by using a single principle or a combination of two or more principles. Through the aquatic ecological restoration technology, the water quality of the target water body can be improved, and functions such as reducing chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and other indicators, increasing transparency and reducing turbidity can be achieved.
[0003] Currently, in the plain areas of some lake and river basins, the water content of the soil on the river bank is relatively high, the shear strength of the soil is relatively low, the river embankment itself has relatively weak resistance to the erosion of fast water flow, and the soil erosion rate is high; under the action of water flow and the frequent erosion of ship traveling waves, the river bed rises, affecting the stability of the river channel itself, resulting in an increase in suspended solids and pollutants in the water body. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] The utility model provides an aquatic ecological restoration system. The prior art has problems such as relatively low shear strength of the soil, relatively weak resistance of the river embankment itself to the erosion of fast water flow, high soil erosion rate; the instability of the river channel itself, resulting in a large amount of suspended solids and pollutants in the water body.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned utility model purpose, the technical solutions provided by the utility model are as follows:
[0006] An aquatic ecological restoration system includes a sedimentation tank located upstream of the water flow. The river channel is sequentially divided into a sedimentation tank, an emergent plant area, a floating-leaved plant area, and a submerged plant area along the water flow direction. Bentonite-solidified river banks are arranged on both sides of the river channel.
[0007] Emergent plants are planted parallel to the water flow direction in the sedimentation tank, emergent plants are planted in a staggered manner in the emergent plant area, floating-leaved plants are planted in the floating-leaved plant area, and submerged plants are planted in the submerged plant area.
[0008] Preferably, the bentonite-solidified river bank includes bentonite and anti-erosion stones laid on the river bank, and herbaceous plants planted on the river bank.
[0009] Preferably, the anti-erosion stones are randomly laid on the river bank.
[0010] Preferably, the river bank after laying the anti-erosion stones has an uneven terrain.
[0011] Preferably, the sedimentation tank includes a sedimentation hopper located at the bottom of the sedimentation tank. An iron net is arranged in the sedimentation tank, pebbles are arranged within the iron net, soil is arranged above the pebbles within the iron net, and emergent plants are planted on the soil.
[0012] Preferably, a planting trough is arranged above the pebbles in the sedimentation tank, and soil is arranged in the planting trough to plant emergent plants.
[0013] Preferably, perforated walls are arranged on both sides of the sedimentation tank in the river channel and perpendicular to the water flow direction.
[0014] Preferably, emergent plants are planted in a strip-shaped area parallel to the water flow direction in the sedimentation tank.
[0015] Preferably, an emergent plant community is planted in a staggered manner in the emergent plant area.
[0016] Preferably, the emergent plants are local species such as lotus, calamus, and softstem bulrush.
[0017] The above technical solution has at least the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
[0018] In the above solution, the water ecological restoration system improves the shear strength of the soil mass, reduces the soil erosion rate, reduces the sediment and suspended matter in the water body, improves the erosion resistance of the river embankment to fast water flow, effectively removes the pollutants in the water body, and slows down the rise of the riverbed. Description of the Drawings
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the water ecological restoration system of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sedimentation tank of the present invention.
[0022] The description of the reference numerals in the drawings is as follows:
[0023] 1. Sedimentation tank; 2. Emergent plant; 3. Bentonite-cured riverbank; 4. Floating-leaved plant area; 5. Submerged plant area; 6. Herbaceous plant; 7. Anti-erosion stone; 8. Sedimentation hopper; 9. Pebble; 10. Iron net; 11. Perforated wall; 12. Soil; 13. Planting trough; 14. Emergent plant area; 15. River channel. Detailed implementation manners
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present utility model shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present utility model belongs. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present utility model do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms such as "a", "an" or "the" do not denote a quantity limitation, but mean that there is at least one. The terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or objects appearing before this term cover the elements or objects listed after this term and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
[0026] It should be noted that the "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front" and "back" used in the present utility model are only used to represent relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0027] Embodiment 1
[0028] As Figure 1-2 shown, this embodiment provides an aquatic ecological restoration system, which includes a sedimentation tank 1 located upstream of the water flow. Both sides of the sedimentation tank 1 close to the river bank are formed by the natural river channel 15, and the sediment and suspended matter in the river water precipitate in the sedimentation tank 1. The river channel 15 is sequentially divided into a sedimentation tank 1, an emergent plant area 14, a floating-leaved plant area 4, and a submerged plant 5 along the water flow direction. Bentonite-solidified river banks 3 are arranged on both sides of the river channel 15; perforated walls 11 are arranged on both sides of the sedimentation tank 1 in the river channel 15 and perpendicular to the water flow direction, forming an arrangement in which the perforated walls 11, the sedimentation tank 1 and the perforated walls 11 are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. The perforated walls 11 stabilize the incoming water flow pattern and provide hydrodynamic conditions for the precipitation of sediment and suspended matter in the water.
[0029] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, emergent plants 2 are planted parallel to the water flow direction in the sedimentation tank 1. Preferably, the emergent plants 2 are planted in a strip area parallel to the water flow direction in the sedimentation tank 1. The setting of the strip area parallel to the water flow direction stabilizes the water flow, generates a steady flow effect, improves the sedimentation effect, and the roots and rhizomes of the emergent plants 2 have functions such as sedimentation and interception of sediment and suspended matter in the water. Specifically, the sedimentation tank 1 includes a sediment hopper 8 located at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1. The sediment hopper 8 is made of concrete, which is convenient for regularly cleaning the sediment. A wire mesh 10 is arranged in the sedimentation tank 1, and cobblestones 9 are arranged inside the wire mesh 10. The cobblestones 9 support the upper soil 12 and the emergent plants 2. Soil 12 is arranged above the cobblestones 9 inside the wire mesh 10. The soil 12 provides a growth substrate for the emergent plants 2. The emergent plants 2 are planted on the soil 12. More specifically, a planting trough 13 is arranged above the cobblestones 9 in the sedimentation tank 1. The planting trough 13 bears the emergent plants 2 and the soil 12, and the soil 12 is arranged and the emergent plants 2 are planted in the planting trough 13.
[0030] In the emergent plant area 14, the community of emergent plants 2 is planted in a staggered manner. The staggered emergent plants 2 further sediment and intercept sediment and suspended matter, and the submerged plants have an absorption and degradation effect on pollutants in the water body. The emergent plants 2 are local species such as lotus, calamus, and water club-rush.
[0031] In the floating-leaved plant area 4, floating-leaved plants are planted. The floating-leaved plants further sediment and intercept suspended matter in the river water, and have an absorption and degradation effect on pollutants in the water body.
[0032] In the submerged plant area 5, submerged plants are planted, which have an absorption and degradation effect on pollutants in the water body.
[0033] Specifically, both the floating-leaved plants and the submerged plants are selected as local plants.
[0034] The bentonite-solidified riverbank 3 includes bentonite laid on the riverbank, randomly laid anti-erosion stones 7, and herbaceous plants 6 planted on the riverbank. The bentonite stabilizes the riverbank base, and the planted herbaceous plants 6 and anti-erosion stones 7 reduce the scouring of the incoming water, reduce the soil erosion rate, degrade pollutants, and reduce the non-point source from flowing into the river channel 15. The riverbank after laying the anti-erosion stones 7 has an uneven terrain, weakening the scouring effect of the incoming water and reducing the sediment entering the river.
[0035] Embodiment 2
[0036] On the basis of Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a water ecological restoration system for a river with serious soil erosion and siltation in a certain area. A sedimentation tank 1 is arranged upstream, and 3 rows of emergent plants 2 are planted on the sedimentation tank 1. On the one hand, the emergent plants 2 have the functions of sedimentation and interception, and on the other hand, they absorb pollutants in the water body. The sediment in the sedimentation tank 1 is timely cleared out of the river channel 15. The river water flows through the sedimentation tank 1 and flows out from the perforated wall 11.
[0037] Plant 4 rows of emergent plant communities 2 in a staggered manner in the emergent plant area 14, and select local species such as lotus, calamus, and water club-rush to further precipitate and intercept sediment and suspended matter in the water body and degrade pollutants in the water body.
[0038] Plant a patch of floating-leaved plants in the floating-leaved plant area 4 to further intercept suspended matter and degrade pollutants in the water body.
[0039] Plant a patch of submerged plants in the submerged plant area 5. The submerged plants absorb and degrade pollutants in the water body, reducing the sediment, suspended matter and pollutants in the river water.
[0040] The base on both sides of the river channel 15 adopts bentonite-solidified riverbanks 3, and cobblestones 9 are randomly distributed on both sides of the river channel 15 to further stabilize the riverbank base; create concave and convex terrain to weaken the scouring of the incoming water; plant hygrophytic herbaceous plants 6 to intercept and decompose solid substances in the incoming water on both sides, reducing soil erosion and reducing non-point source inflow into the river channel 15.
[0041] The water ecological restoration system of the present utility model improves the shear strength of the soil body, reduces the soil erosion rate, reduces the sediment and suspended matter in the water body, improves the erosion resistance of the river embankment to the scouring of fast-flowing water, effectively removes pollutants in the water body, and slows down the uplift of the riverbed.
[0042] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A water ecological restoration system, comprising a sedimentation tank located upstream of a water flow, characterized in that: The river channel is divided into sedimentation pools, emergent plant areas, floating leaf plant areas, and submerged plant areas along the direction of water flow, and bentonite is set up on both sides of the river channel to solidify the river bank; Emergent plants are planted in parallel with the water flow direction in the sedimentation tank, the emergent plants are planted in a staggered manner in the emergent plant area, the floating-leaf plants are planted in the floating-leaf plant area, and the submerged plants are planted in the submerged plant area.
2. The water ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bentonite-solidified river bank comprises bentonite and anti-scouring stones laid on the river bank, and herbaceous plants planted on the river bank.
3. The water ecological restoration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-scouring stones are randomly laid on the river bank.
4. The water ecological restoration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The river bank has an uneven terrain after the anti-scour stones are laid.
5. The water ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation tank comprises a sedimentation bucket located at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, an iron net is arranged in the sedimentation tank, pebbles are arranged in the iron net, soil is arranged above the pebbles in the iron net, and emergent plants are planted on the soil.
6. The water ecological restoration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A planting trough is arranged above the pebbles in the sedimentation tank, and soil is arranged in the planting trough to plant emergent plants.
7. The water ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Perforated walls are arranged in the river channel on both sides of the sedimentation tank and perpendicular to the water flow direction.
8. The water ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Emergent plants are planted in a strip area parallel to the water flow direction in the sedimentation tank.
9. The water ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Emergent plant communities are planted in staggered locations in the emergent plant areas.
10. The water ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergent plants are local species of lotus, calamus and water plantain.