Electric furnace for ceramic firing
By uniformly distributing heating pipes in an electric furnace for ceramic firing and a lifting frame structure driven by encoder, the problem of uneven heat exposure of clay embryos is solved, and a more efficient and high-quality roasting process is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421551330.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-03
AI Technical Summary
The side door structure of the existing electric furnace for ceramic firing causes uneven heat during the roasting process of clay embryos, which is prone to structural deformation, affecting the quality of the finished product.
An electric furnace for ceramic firing is designed, with heating pipes arranged on the side walls and top of the furnace body, and a first reducer motor with an encoder drives a right-angle commutator and a lifting frame to increase the support strength through guide rods and linear bearings to ensure that the clay embryo is uniformly heated.
The uniform heating of clay embryos during the roasting process is achieved, the baking efficiency and quality are improved, and the structural deformation is prevented.
Smart Images
Figure CN222978572U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of ceramic firing equipment, in particular to an electric furnace for ceramic firing. Background Art
[0002] Ceramics refer to articles baked at a high temperature of about 1000-1200 degrees after being processed into embryos by methods such as hand-kneading, wheel-making, and molding of clay. At present, in order to improve the firing efficiency and success rate of ceramics, an electric furnace is generally used for baking. Most of the existing electric furnaces have a side-opening structure. This side-opening structure has a major defect: there is no heating wire or heating tube on the door panel. When the clay embryo enters the electric furnace for baking, the side wall of the clay embryo on the side of the door receives less thermal radiation, which easily causes structural deformation in this side wall area and affects the quality of the finished product. To solve this problem, a rotating table is generally added to the electric furnace, and the rotating table drives the rotation during the baking process to make the clay embryo evenly heated. However, during the rotation, the clay embryo is also prone to structural deformation under the action of centrifugal force. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an electric furnace for ceramic firing with a simple structure, low failure rate, and capable of evenly heating the clay embryo.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an electric furnace for ceramic firing, including: a furnace body, heating tubes are evenly distributed on the peripheral side walls and the top wall of the furnace body, a material receiving bin is arranged below the furnace body, a feed inlet is arranged on the partition board between the furnace body and the material receiving bin, right-angle commutators are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the material receiving bin, both right-angle commutators are connected to a first reduction motor with an encoder through a connecting shaft, the first reduction motor is fixed on the material receiving bin, a lead screw is vertically connected in the right-angle commutator, the lead screw is rotatably connected to the material receiving bin, a nut seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw, a lifting frame is arranged between the two nut seats, two first guide rails are symmetrically arranged left and right in the lifting frame, several guide rods are respectively vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the material receiving bin, the guide rods on the same side are arranged in front of and behind the lead screw on the same side, a linear bearing is slidably arranged on the guide rod, the linear bearing is connected to the lifting frame, four buffers are arranged around the material receiving bin, each buffer is vertically aligned with a corner of the lifting frame, a support frame is arranged on the front side of the material receiving bin, two second guide rails are symmetrically arranged left and right on the support frame, a loading trolley capable of blocking the feed inlet is movably arranged between the two second guide rails, two limiting inserts are symmetrically arranged left and right at the rear end of the loading trolley, two limiting plates are slidably arranged in the limiting inserts, a spring is arranged between the two limiting plates, limiting seats are arranged at the rear ends of the two first guide rails, a limiting groove capable of squeezing and cooperating with the two limiting plates in the limiting insert is arranged on the limiting seat, and a first wedge-shaped surface is arranged on the inner side wall of the limiting groove.
[0005] Further, for the aforesaid electric furnace for ceramic firing, wherein, the material-carrying trolley comprises: a sealing plate, a heat insulation plate and a placing table. The length and width of the sealing plate are greater than those of the feeding port. The heat insulation plate is arranged on the upper side wall of the sealing plate, and the length and width of the heat insulation plate are smaller than those of the feeding port. The placing table is arranged on the upper side wall of the heat insulation plate, and the length and width of the placing table are smaller than those of the heat insulation plate. Four guide wheel seats are arranged on the lower side wall of the sealing plate, and guide wheels are rotatably arranged in the four guide wheel seats respectively. The four guide wheels are respectively rollingly clamped on two second guide rails. A rotating shaft is connected between any two horizontally aligned guide wheels and a second reduction motor, and the second reduction motor is fixed on the sealing plate.
[0006] Further, for the aforesaid electric furnace for ceramic firing, wherein, the restricted plug-in comprises: an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat. An upper sliding groove is formed on the bottom wall of the upper connecting seat, and a lower sliding groove is formed on the top wall of the lower connecting seat. After the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat are assembled, the upper sliding groove and the lower sliding groove are aligned to form a T-shaped groove. The limiting plate is in a T shape and is slidably clamped in the T-shaped groove. A second wedge surface capable of cooperating with the first wedge surface in the limiting groove is arranged on the outer side wall at the rear end of the limiting plate.
[0007] Further, for the aforesaid electric furnace for ceramic firing, wherein, buffer strips are arranged on the rear side walls of both the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat.
[0008] Further, for the aforesaid electric furnace for ceramic firing, wherein, four upright columns are arranged around the support frame, and adjusting support feet are arranged at the bottoms of the upright columns respectively. The adjusting support feet comprise: a foot pad, a screw rod is vertically arranged on the foot pad, a locking nut is threadedly connected to the screw rod, a threaded hole is arranged on the upright column, and the screw rod is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The locking nut is screwed and abutted against the upright column.
[0009] Further, for the aforesaid electric furnace for ceramic firing, wherein, the two upright columns located on the front side of the support frame are higher than the support frame upwards and are blocked on the front side of the material-carrying trolley.
[0010] Further, for the aforesaid electric furnace for ceramic firing, wherein, two guide rods are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the lead screw. The two guide rods on the front side are close to the front end of the lifting frame, and the two guide rods on the rear side are close to the rear end of the lifting frame.
[0011] Further, for the aforesaid electric furnace for ceramic firing, wherein, the connection structure between the limiting seat and the first guide rail is: a clamping groove adapted to the first guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the limiting seat, two through holes communicating with the clamping groove are respectively arranged on the left and right side walls of the limiting seat, a through hole penetrating the left and right side walls of the first guide rail is arranged on the first guide rail, the clamping groove on the limiting seat is clamped on the first guide rail, the through holes on the limiting seat are aligned with the through holes on the first guide rail one by one, and bolts are inserted between the aligned through holes and screwed tightly with nuts.
[0012] The advantages of the utility model are as follows: the feeding port is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and heating pipes are evenly distributed on the peripheral side walls and the top of the furnace body, so that the periphery of the clay embryo can be uniformly heated, improving the roasting efficiency and quality; the first reducer with an encoder is used to drive the screw rods on the two right-angle commutators to rotate synchronously, which can stably drive the lifting frame to lift. The front and rear ends on the left and right sides of the lifting frame are respectively matched with two guide rods through two linear bearings, which can improve the supporting strength of the guide rods for the lifting frame and prevent the lifting frame from tilting, thereby ensuring that the sealing plate on the loading trolley can play a good sealing role for the feeding port; when the loading trolley moves from the support frame to the lifting frame, the buffers around the material receiving bin can play a buffering role for the lifting frame, preventing the nut seat on the lifting frame from causing a downward impact force on the screw rod, so as to protect the screw rod from damage; a limited plug and a limit seat are respectively arranged on the loading trolley and the lifting frame. The loading trolley can be fixed through the positioning between the limited plug and the limit seat. During the lifting process of the lifting frame, the loading trolley will not shift. When the limited plug is in positioning cooperation with the limit seat, the limit groove in the limit seat squeezes the two limit plates in the limit plug, and the two limit plates are tightly fitted with the limit plate under the elastic force of the spring. In this way, without sufficient external force, the limited plug and the limit seat cannot be separated. When separation is required, the second reduction motor drives the loading trolley, and there will be sufficient external force to separate the limited plug and the limit seat. This positioning structure has good stability, reliability and adaptability. Description of the Drawings
[0013] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional sectional structure schematic diagram of the electric furnace for ceramic firing described in the utility model.
[0014] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a three-dimensional sectional structure schematic diagram of the material receiving bin and the support frame after removing the side walls in
[0015] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a side view structure schematic diagram of the material receiving bin and the support frame after removing the side walls in
[0016] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a connection structure schematic diagram between the upright column and the adjusting support feet in
[0017] Figure 5 is Figure 2 a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the cooperation between the limited plug and the limit seat in
[0018] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a sectional structure schematic diagram after the cooperation between the limited plug and the limit seat in
[0019] Figure 7 is Figure 5 Schematic structural view of the cooperation between the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat on the restricted plug-in in
[0020] Figure 8 is Figure 5 Schematic structural view of the connection structure between the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat on the restricted plug-in in Specific implementation mode
[0021] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
[0022] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, the electric furnace for ceramic firing of the present utility model includes: a furnace body 1, heating tubes are evenly distributed on the peripheral side walls and the top wall of the furnace body 1, the heating tubes are not shown in the figure, a material receiving bin 2 is arranged below the furnace body 1, a feeding port 12 is arranged on the partition plate 11 between the furnace body 1 and the material receiving bin 2, right-angle commutators 21 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the material receiving bin 2, both right-angle commutators 21 are connected to a first reduction motor 24 with an encoder 23 through a connecting shaft 22, the first reduction motor 24 is fixed on the material receiving bin 2, a lead screw 25 is vertically connected in the right-angle commutator 21, the lead screw 25 is rotationally connected to the material receiving bin 2, a nut seat 26 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 25, a lifting frame 3 is arranged between the two nut seats 26, two first guide rails 31 are symmetrically arranged left and right in the lifting frame 3, four guide rods 27 are vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the material receiving bin 2, the four guide rods 27 on the same side are divided into two groups and arranged on the front and rear sides of the lead screw 25 on the same side, the two front guide rods 27 are close to the front end of the lifting frame 3, the two rear guide rods 27 are close to the rear end of the lifting frame 3, a linear bearing 271 is slidably arranged on the guide rod 27, the linear bearing 271 is connected to the lifting frame 3, the first reduction motor 24 with an encoder 23 drives the two right-angle commutators 21 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction through the connecting shaft 22, so that the two lead screws 25 rotate synchronously and in the same direction, thereby driving the lifting frame 3 to lift. Both the front and rear ends of the lifting frame 3 are connected to the two guide rods 27, which can improve the support strength of the guide rods 27 for the lifting frame 3, improve the lifting stability of the lifting frame 3, and prevent the lifting frame 3 from tilting during the lifting process. Four buffers 28 are arranged around the material receiving bin 2, and each buffer 28 is vertically aligned with one corner of the lifting frame 3. A support frame 4 is arranged on the front side of the material receiving bin 2.
[0023] Four columns 41 are arranged around the support frame 4, and adjusting feet 42 are arranged at the bottoms of the columns 41. The adjusting feet 42 include: a foot pad 421, a screw rod 422 is vertically arranged on the foot pad 421, a locking nut 423 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 422, a threaded hole is arranged on the column 41, the screw rod 422 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, and the locking nut 423 is screwed and abutted against the column 41. By rotating the screw rod 422, the height of each column 41 can be adjusted individually, so as to level the support frame 4. When the locking nut 423 is screwed and abutted against the column 41, it can play a locking role. Two second guide rails 43 are symmetrically arranged left and right on the support frame 4, and a loading trolley 5 is movably arranged between the two second guide rails 43. The loading trolley 5 includes: a sealing plate 51, a heat insulation plate 52 and a placing table 53. The length and width of the sealing plate 51 are greater than those of the feeding port 12. In this way, the sealing plate 51 can completely block the feeding port 12. The heat insulation plate 52 is arranged on the upper side wall of the sealing plate 51. The length and width of the heat insulation plate 52 are smaller than those of the feeding port 12, and the heat insulation plate 52 can smoothly enter the feeding port 12. The placing table 53 is arranged on the upper side wall of the heat insulation plate 52. The length and width of the placing table 53 are smaller than those of the heat insulation plate 52, and the heat insulation plate 52 can play a good heat insulation role for the placing table 53. Four guide wheel seats 54 are arranged on the lower side wall of the sealing plate 51, and guide wheels 55 are rotatably arranged in the four guide wheel seats 54. The four guide wheels 55 are respectively rollingly clamped on the two second guide rails 43. A rotating shaft 56 is connected to a second reduction motor 57 between any two left-right aligned guide wheels 55, and the second reduction motor 57 is fixed on the sealing plate 51. The two columns 41 located on the front side of the support frame 4 are higher than the support frame 4 upward and block the front side of the loading trolley 5. The second reduction motor 57 drives the guide wheels 55 to roll on the second guide rails 43 through the rotating shaft 56, so as to drive the loading trolley 5 to move along the second guide rails 43.
[0024] On the rear end of the material-carrying trolley 5, two restricted plugs 6 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. The restricted plug 6 includes: an upper connecting seat 61 and a lower connecting seat 62. The upper connecting seat 61 and the lower connecting seat 62 are fixed on the rear side wall of the sealing plate 51 of the material-carrying trolley 5. Buffer strips 63 are arranged on the rear side walls of both the upper connecting seat 61 and the lower connecting seat 62. An upper sliding groove 611 is opened on the bottom wall of the upper connecting seat 61, and a lower sliding groove 621 is opened on the top wall of the lower connecting seat 62. After the upper connecting seat 61 and the lower connecting seat 62 are joined together, the upper sliding groove 611 and the lower sliding groove 621 are aligned to form a T-shaped groove. Two T-shaped limiting plates 64 are slidably clamped in the T-shaped groove. A second wedge surface 641 is arranged on the outer side wall of the rear end of the limiting plate 64. A spring 65 is arranged between the two limiting plates 64. A limiting seat 7 is arranged at the rear end of the first guide rail 31. A limiting groove 71 capable of squeezing and cooperating with the two limiting plates 64 in the restricted plug 6 is opened on the limiting seat 7. A first wedge surface 711 capable of cooperating with the second wedge surface 641 on the limiting plate 64 is arranged on the inner side wall of the limiting groove 71. The connection structure between the limiting seat 7 and the first guide rail 31 is: a clamping groove 72 adapted to the first guide rail 31 is arranged at the bottom of the limiting seat 7. Two through holes communicating with the clamping groove 72 are arranged on the left and right side walls of the limiting seat 7 respectively. A through hole penetrating the left and right side walls of the first guide rail 31 is arranged on the first guide rail 31. The clamping groove 72 on the limiting seat 7 is clamped on the first guide rail 31. The through holes on the limiting seat 7 are aligned with the through holes on the first guide rail 31 one by one. Bolts are inserted through the aligned through holes and tightened with nuts in a spiral manner.
[0025] In use, first, the lifting frame 3 is driven by the first reduction motor 24 with an encoder 23 to stably descend until the two first guide rails 31 on the lifting frame 3 are horizontally aligned with the two second guide rails 43 on the support frame 4 front and back. At this time, the lifting frame 3 abuts against the four buffers 28. Place the clay blank on the placement table 53 of the loading trolley 5, and then drive the loading trolley 5 to move towards the receiving bin 2. The loading trolley 5 moves from the second guide rail 43 to the first guide rail 31. When the loading trolley 5 transfers from the second guide rail 43 to the first guide rail 31, the lifting frame 3 will descend due to gravity. Due to the buffering effect of the four buffers 28, the nut seat 26 on the lifting frame 3 will not cause a downward impact force on the lead screw 25, protecting the lead screw 25 from damage. The loading trolley 5 moves on the first guide rail 31. The two limit plates 64 in the restricted plug-in 6 on the loading trolley 5 are inserted into the limit grooves 71 of the corresponding limit seats 7. During the insertion process, the second wedge surface 641 on the limit plate 64 cooperates with the first wedge surface 711 on the limit groove 71 to guide the two limit plates 64. When the two limit plates 64 are snapped into the limit grooves 71, the two limit plates 64 are squeezed by the limit grooves 71 and close together after overcoming the elastic force of the spring 65. Then, the two limit plates 64 will achieve a tight fit with the limit grooves 71 under the elastic force of the spring 65. When the buffer strip 63 on the restricted plug-in 6 of the loading trolley 5 abuts against the limit seat 7, it indicates that the loading trolley 5 has moved in place. The cooperation between the restricted plug-in 6 and the limit seat 7 positions the loading trolley 5. The second reduction motor 57 stops operating. The first reduction motor 24 with an encoder 23 drives the lifting frame 3 and the loading trolley 5 to rise. Due to the positioning effect between the restricted plug-in 6 and the limit seat 7, the loading trolley 5 will not shift during the rising process. When the sealing plate 51 on the loading trolley 5 seals the feed inlet 12, the heat insulation plate 52 and the placement table 53 on the loading trolley 5 extend into the furnace body 1. The clay blank on the placement table 53 can be baked in the furnace body 1. Heating wires or heating tubes are evenly distributed on the four side walls in the furnace body 1. Therefore, the outer side wall of the clay blank on the placement table 53 can be evenly heated and is not prone to structural deformation. The sealing plate 51 plays a sealing role to prevent the heat in the furnace body 1 from leaking out. The heat insulation plate 52 plays a heat insulation role to prevent the second reduction motor 57 from being damaged by heat. After the baking is completed, the lifting frame 3 is driven by the first reduction motor 24 with an encoder 23 to descend until it abuts against the buffer 28. The second reduction motor 57 drives the loading trolley 5 to move towards the support frame 4. The two columns 41 located on the front side of the support frame 4 act as limiters to limit the loading trolley 5.
[0026] During the lifting process, since the lifting stroke of the lifting frame 3 is fixed, the encoder 23 on the first reduction motor 24 is set according to the lifting stroke of the lifting frame 3. When the lifting frame 3 drives the loading trolley 5 to move upward to a position near the feed inlet 12 on the partition plate 11, the encoder 23 can control the first reduction motor 24 to decelerate, preventing the loading trolley 5 from hitting the partition plate 11 at too high a speed. When the lifting frame 3 moves downward to a position near the second guide rail 43, the encoder 23 can control the first reduction motor 24 to decelerate, preventing the ceramics on the loading trolley 5 from toppling due to sudden stop of the lifting frame 3.
[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications or equivalent replacements can still be made to the specific implementation manners of the present invention. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. Electric furnace for firing ceramics, including: The furnace body is characterized in that: heating tubes are evenly distributed on the surrounding side walls and the top wall of the furnace body, a material receiving bin is arranged below the furnace body, a material feeding port is arranged on the partition plate between the furnace body and the material receiving bin, right-angle commutators are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the material receiving bin, the two right-angle commutators are connected to the first reduction motor with an encoder through a connecting shaft, the first reduction motor is fixed on the material receiving bin, a lead screw is vertically connected in the right-angle commutator, the lead screw is rotatably connected to the material receiving bin, a nut seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw, a lifting frame is arranged between the two nut seats, two first guide rails are symmetrically arranged in the lifting frame, a plurality of guide rods are vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the material receiving bin, the guide rods on the same side are arranged on the front and rear sides of the lead screw on the same side, and the guide rods are arranged on the guide rods. A linear bearing is provided on the upper slide, and the linear bearing is connected to the lifting frame. Four buffers are provided around the material receiving bin, and each buffer is aligned with a corner of the lifting frame up and down. A support frame is provided on the front side of the material receiving bin, and two second guide rails are symmetrically provided on the support frame. A loading trolley capable of blocking the feed port is movably provided between the two second guide rails, and two restricted plug-ins are symmetrically provided at the rear end of the loading trolley, and two limit plates are slidably provided in the restricted plug-ins, and a spring is provided between the two limit plates. Limit seats are provided at the rear ends of the two first guide rails, and limit grooves capable of extruding and fitting the two limit plates in the restricted plug-in are provided on the limit seats, and a first wedge-shaped surface is provided on the inner wall of the limit groove.
2. The electric furnace for firing ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading trolley includes: a sealing plate, a heat insulation plate and a placing table. The length and width of the sealing plate are greater than the length and width of the feed port. The heat insulation plate is arranged on the upper side wall of the sealing plate. The length and width of the heat insulation plate are smaller than the length and width of the feed port. The placing table is arranged on the upper side wall of the heat insulation plate. The length and width of the placing table are smaller than the length and width of the heat insulation plate. Four guide wheel seats are arranged on the lower side wall of the sealing plate. Guide wheels are rotatably arranged in the four guide wheel seats. The four guide wheels are respectively rotatably clamped on two second guide rails, and are connected to the second reduction motor through a rotating shaft between any two guide wheels aligned on the left and right. The second reduction motor is fixed on the sealing plate.
3. The electric furnace for firing ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The restricted plug-in includes: an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat, an upper slide groove is opened on the bottom wall of the upper connecting seat, and a lower slide groove is opened on the top wall of the lower connecting seat. When the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat are assembled, the upper slide groove and the lower slide groove are matched to form a T-shaped groove. The limiting plate is T-shaped, and the limiting plate is slidably clamped in the T-shaped groove. A second wedge surface that can cooperate with the first wedge surface in the limiting groove is provided on the outer side wall at the rear end of the limiting plate.
4. The electric furnace for firing ceramics according to claim 3, characterized in that: Buffer strips are arranged on the rear side walls of the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat.
5. The electric furnace for firing ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four columns are arranged around the support frame, and an adjustment support foot is arranged at the bottom of each column. The adjustment support foot includes: a foot pad, a screw rod is vertically arranged on the foot pad, a locking nut is threadedly connected to the screw rod, a threaded hole is arranged on the column, the screw rod is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, and the locking nut is screwed against the column.
6. The electric furnace for firing ceramics according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two upright posts located at the front side of the support frame are higher than the support frame and are blocked at the front side of the material loading trolley.
7. The electric furnace for firing ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two guide rods are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the screw rod, the two guide rods on the front side are close to the front end of the lifting frame, and the two guide rods on the rear side are close to the rear end of the lifting frame.
8. The electric furnace for firing ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection structure between the limit seat and the first guide rail is as follows: a card slot matched with the first guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the limit seat, two through holes connected with the card slot are arranged on the left and right side walls of the limit seat, a through hole penetrating the left and right side walls of the first guide rail is arranged on the first guide rail, the card slot on the limit seat is clamped on the first guide rail, the through holes on the limit seat are aligned one by one with the through holes on the first guide rail, bolts are passed between the relatively aligned through holes and are screwed with nuts.