Self-circulation two-phase heat dissipation system of hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell self-circulation two-phase heat dissipation system, which comprises a hydrogen fuel cell, a box body and a plurality of groups of condensation assemblies, the plurality of groups of condensation assemblies are arranged at the upper end of the box body, the hydrogen fuel cell is arranged in the box body, a plate heat exchanger is also arranged in the box body, and the plate heat exchanger is arranged in the box body. A primary side of the plate heat exchanger is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell, a secondary side of the plate heat exchanger is connected with the condensation assembly to form a circulating cooling flow channel, and two-phase cooling liquid is introduced between the plate heat exchanger and the condensation assembly. The two-phase cooling liquid is used for cooling the hydrogen fuel cell, so that the two-phase cooling liquid is converted between two forms, absorbs heat of the hydrogen fuel cell in a liquid state, converts the hydrogen fuel cell into a gas state, enters the condensation assembly in the gas state and converts the hydrogen fuel cell into the liquid state, self-circulation cooling is achieved, energy consumption is reduced, and cooling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system. Background Technique

[0002] During the operation of a hydrogen fuel cell, a large amount of heat is generated. And due to the aging brought about by the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell, its electric energy conversion efficiency decreases, and the proportion of heat generation will be even greater. At present, the heat generated during the operation of a hydrogen fuel cell is cooled by a single-phase heat absorption cooling system using a water-based solution such as ethylene glycol as a coolant. In the single-phase cooling system, mainly the coolant absorbs the heat of the battery, heats itself up, and then transports the heat energy to the outside and releases the heat to a relatively low-temperature environment. Therefore, when cooling an ultra-high-power hydrogen fuel cell, a super-large flow rate of coolant circulation is required to ensure good heat dissipation of the heat source. Otherwise, the hydrogen fuel cell will be damaged due to poor heat dissipation. Therefore, a hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system is designed, which improves the heat dissipation efficiency while reducing the coolant flow rate. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system. By connecting a condensation component in the circulation pipeline on the secondary side of a plate heat exchanger, the hydrogen fuel cell is cooled by a two-phase coolant, enabling the two-phase coolant to be converted between two states. When in the liquid state, it absorbs the heat of the hydrogen fuel cell and is converted into a gas state. When in the gas state, it enters the condensation component and is converted into a liquid state. Under the action of gravity, the liquid two-phase coolant re-enters the plate heat exchanger again, realizing self-circulating cooling, reducing energy consumption, and improving the cooling efficiency.

[0004] The utility model provides the following technical solution: A hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system includes a hydrogen fuel cell and a box body, and also includes multiple groups of condensation components. The multiple groups of condensation components are installed at the upper end of the box body. The hydrogen fuel cell is installed in the box body. A plate heat exchanger is also installed in the box body. The primary side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell, and the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the condensation components to form a circulating cooling flow path. A two-phase coolant is introduced between the plate heat exchanger and the condensation components. The sides of the condensation components are respectively connected with a top gas pipe and a top liquid pipe which are distributed up and down.

[0005] In order to enable the two-phase coolant to circulate in the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger, the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger is also connected with a bottom gas pipe and a bottom liquid pipe which are distributed up and down. The top gas pipe is connected to the bottom gas pipe, and the top liquid pipe is connected to the bottom liquid pipe. A plate heat exchanger gas pipe and a plate heat exchanger liquid pipe are connected to the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger gas pipe is connected to the bottom gas pipe, and the plate heat exchanger liquid pipe is connected to the bottom liquid pipe.

[0006] For the plate heat exchanger to circulate and cool the hydrogen fuel cell, a first connection port and a second connection port are provided on the primary side of the plate heat exchanger, and the first connection port and the second connection port are connected to the hydrogen fuel cell through pipelines.

[0007] To increase the condensation rate of the coolant, the condensation component includes a housing, condensation plates are fixed on both inner walls of the housing, a gas phase space is above the condensation plates, and a liquid phase space is below the condensation plates.

[0008] To enable the condensed two-phase coolant to enter the plate heat exchanger again, two gas phase holes distributed left and right are provided on the end face of the gas phase space, the gas phase holes are connected to the top gas phase pipe, and a liquid phase hole is also provided on the end face of the liquid phase space, and the liquid phase hole is connected to the top liquid phase pipe.

[0009] To improve the condensation rate of the gaseous two-phase coolant, the cross-section of the housing is an inverted triangle.

[0010] To improve the condensation efficiency of the two-phase coolant, a cooling fan is fixed at the upper end of the condensation component.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present utility model are as follows:

[0012] (1) By connecting a condensation component in the circulation pipeline on the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger and using a two-phase coolant to cool the hydrogen fuel cell, the two-phase coolant is converted between two states. When in the liquid state, it absorbs heat from the hydrogen fuel cell and is converted into a gas state. When in the gas state, it enters the condensation component and is converted back into a liquid state, realizing self-circulation cooling, reducing energy consumption, and improving cooling efficiency;

[0013] (2) Using a two-phase coolant for cooling, the latent heat of vaporization of each kilogram of the two-phase coolant is about 120 kJ / kg. Compared with the specific heat capacity of 3.4 kJ / kg / °C of an ethylene glycol aqueous solution of the same mass, it is about 35 times its heat absorption capacity, and a large amount of heat with high power can be transported by a small mass and flow rate of the two-phase coolant. Description of the Drawings

[0014] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present utility model, they are used to explain the present utility model, and do not constitute a limitation to the present utility model. In the drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is a front view of the internal structure of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a side view of the connection structure between the plate heat exchanger and the condensation component of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional view of the connection structure between the plate heat exchanger and the condensation component of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional view of the structure of the condensation component of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the condensation component of the present utility model;

[0021] In the figure: 1, box body; 2, condensation component; 21, top gas phase pipe; 22, top liquid phase pipe; 23, gas phase hole; 24, liquid phase hole; 25, housing; 26, condensation plate; 27, liquid phase space; 28, gas phase space; 3, plate heat exchanger; 31, first connection port; 32, second connection port; 33, plate heat exchanger gas pipe; 34, plate heat exchanger liquid pipe; 41, bottom gas phase pipe; 42, bottom liquid phase pipe; 5, hydrogen fuel cell. Specific embodiments

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4, the present utility model provides a technical solution: a hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system, including a hydrogen fuel cell 5 and a box body 1, and further including six groups of condensation components 2. The six groups of condensation components 2 are installed at the upper end of the box body 1, the hydrogen fuel cell 5 is installed inside the box body 1, and a plate heat exchanger 3 is also installed inside the box body 1. The primary side of the plate heat exchanger 3 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 5, and the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger 3 is connected to the condensation components 2 to form a circulating cooling flow path. A two-phase coolant is introduced between the plate heat exchanger 3 and the condensation components 2. The sides of the condensation components 2 are respectively connected with a top gas phase pipe 21 and a top liquid phase pipe 22 which are distributed up and down. By introducing the two-phase coolant into the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger 3, the two-phase coolant cools the hydrogen fuel cell 5 inside the plate heat exchanger 3. The two-phase coolant enters the plate heat exchanger 3 in a liquid state. Inside the plate heat exchanger 3, the two-phase coolant absorbs heat and the temperature rises. When the temperature reaches the boiling point, it begins to evaporate from the liquid state to the gas state. The latent heat of vaporization of each kilogram of the two-phase coolant is about 120 kJ / kg. Compared with the specific heat capacity of 3.4 kJ / kg / °C of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution of the same mass, it is about 35 times its heat absorption capacity. Therefore, the two-phase coolant can complete the heat transfer of ultra-high power with a very small mass flow rate. After absorbing heat and vaporizing in the plate heat exchanger 3, the two-phase coolant becomes gaseous, its pressure increases and its density decreases, and it can automatically flow through the top gas phase pipe 21 into the condensation components 2 at the top of the box body 1. In the condensation components 2, due to the blowing of the outside cold air, the gaseous substance of the two-phase coolant releases heat energy and condenses into a liquid, and then enters the plate heat exchanger 3 through the top liquid phase pipe 22 by gravity through the pipeline, and then proceeds to absorb heat and vaporize... Thus, the application of self-circulation without a driving pump is achieved. To sum up, the above structure realizes the circular use of the two-phase coolant, and no electrolytic reaction will occur, ensuring the service life of the cooling system. At the same time, the two-phase coolant greatly improves the heat cooling efficiency and reduces the flow rate compared with the traditional coolant.

[0025] As Figures 2 to 4 shown, the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger 3 is also connected with a bottom gas phase pipe 41 and a bottom liquid phase pipe 42 which are distributed up and down. The top gas phase pipe 21 is connected to the bottom gas phase pipe 41, and the top liquid phase pipe 22 is connected to the bottom liquid phase pipe 42. The secondary side of the plate heat exchanger 3 is connected with a plate heat exchanger gas pipe 33 and a plate heat exchanger liquid pipe 34. The plate heat exchanger gas pipe 33 is connected to the bottom gas phase pipe 41, and the plate heat exchanger liquid pipe 34 is connected to the bottom liquid phase pipe 42. By connecting the top gas phase pipe 21 to the bottom gas phase pipe 41 and connecting the top liquid phase pipe 22 to the bottom liquid phase pipe 42, a circulating channel is formed between the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger 3 and the condensation components 2. The two-phase coolant is introduced between the plate heat exchanger 3 and the condensation components 2 to realize the circular use of the two-phase coolant.

[0026] A first connection port 31 and a second connection port 32 are provided on the primary side of the plate heat exchanger 3. The first connection port 31 and the second connection port 32 are connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 5 through pipelines, connecting the plate heat exchanger 3 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 to achieve heat exchange.

[0027] As Figure 6 shown, the condensation assembly 2 includes a housing 25. Condensation plates 26 are fixed on the inner walls on both sides of the housing 25. The arrangement of the condensation plates 26 increases the cooling efficiency of the gaseous two-phase coolant. Above the condensation plates 26 is a gas phase space 28, and below the condensation plates 26 is a liquid phase space 27. The gaseous two-phase coolant floats above the condensation plates 26, is cooled and condensed, falls on the condensation plates 26, and then drips along the condensation plates 26 into the liquid phase space 27.

[0028] As Figure 5 shown, two gas phase holes 23 are provided on the end face of the gas phase space 28 and are distributed left and right. The gas phase holes 23 are connected to the top gas phase pipe 21. The gaseous two-phase coolant rises along the top gas phase pipe 21 and enters the gas phase space 28 through the gas phase holes 23 for cooling. Liquid phase holes 24 are also provided on the end face of the liquid phase space 27. The liquid phase holes 24 are connected to the top liquid phase pipe 22. The condensed liquid two-phase coolant enters the top liquid phase pipe 22 again through the liquid phase holes 24, enters the plate heat exchanger 3, and cools the hydrogen fuel cell again.

[0029] The cross-section of the housing 25 is an inverted triangle. The triangular housing 25 expands the space between adjacent condensation assemblies 2, thereby increasing the contact area with air and improving the condensation rate of the gaseous two-phase coolant.

[0030] A cooling fan 29 is fixed at the upper end of the condensation assembly 2. The cooling fan 29 improves the condensation efficiency of the gaseous two-phase coolant.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell and a box, characterized in that: It also includes multiple groups of condensation components, which are installed at the upper end of the box, and the hydrogen fuel cell is installed in the box. A plate heat exchanger is also installed in the box. The primary side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell, and the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the condensation component to form a circulating cooling channel. Two-phase coolant is passed between the plate heat exchanger and the condensation component, and the sides of the condensation component are connected to the top gas phase pipe and the top liquid phase pipe distributed up and down.

2. A hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary side of the plate heat exchanger is also connected to a bottom gas phase tube and a bottom liquid phase tube distributed up and down, the top gas phase tube is connected to the bottom gas phase tube, the top liquid phase tube is connected to the bottom liquid phase tube, and the secondary side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to a plate ventilation tube and a plate liquid exchange tube, the plate ventilation tube is connected to the bottom gas phase tube, and the plate liquid exchange tube is connected to the bottom liquid phase tube.

3. A hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate heat exchanger has a first connection port and a second connection port on the primary side, and the first connection port and the second connection port are connected to the hydrogen fuel cell through a pipeline.

4. A hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensation assembly comprises a shell, and condensation plates are fixed on the inner walls of both sides of the shell, the upper part of the condensation plates is a gas phase space, and the lower part of the condensation plates is a liquid phase space.

5. A hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two gas phase holes distributed on the left and right are opened on the end surface of the gas phase space, and the gas phase holes are connected to the top gas phase tube. A liquid phase hole is also opened on the end surface of the liquid phase space, and the liquid phase hole is connected to the top liquid phase tube.

6. A hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross section of the shell is an inverted triangle.

7. A hydrogen fuel cell self-circulating two-phase heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling fan is fixed to the upper end of the condensation component.

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