Walnut shell breaking machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural processing equipment, in particular to a walnut shell breaking machine which comprises a machine frame, a machine shell is installed on the machine frame, a feeding port is formed in the top of the machine shell, and a discharging port is formed in the bottom of the machine shell. A shell breaking mechanism is arranged in the machine shell; the shell breaking mechanism comprises a movable cylinder, a gap is formed between the inner wall of the machine shell and the outer wall of the movable cylinder, a rotating shaft is arranged at the top of the machine shell, the bottom end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the top of the machine shell and extends into the machine shell, the movable cylinder is connected to the rotating shaft in a sleeving mode, and the part, located outside the machine shell, of the rotating shaft is connected with a power mechanism and a floating mechanism. The power mechanism is used for driving the movable cylinder to rotate, and the floating mechanism is used for adjusting the gap and driving the movable cylinder to axially float up and down; according to the peach shell breaking machine, the arranged movable cylinder floats in the axial direction while rotating, walnuts rapidly fall off under the influence of up-down floating of the movable cylinder, repeated extrusion and material blockage are avoided, and damage to peach kernels is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural processing equipment, in particular to a walnut shelling machine. Background Art

[0002] The shelling and kernel extraction of walnuts is one of the key links in the primary processing of walnuts. Walnut kernels are generally divided into four grades according to size: first-class, second-class, third-class, and fourth-class. The market prices of first-class and second-class kernels are relatively high, and the first-class and second-class kernels are also called high-grade kernels in the industry. In order to produce more high-grade kernels, many walnut primary processing enterprises abandon the shelling and kernel extraction equipment and instead use manual labor for shelling, which greatly reduces the production efficiency, has a high labor intensity, and poses safety hazards.

[0003] Common walnut mechanical shelling methods include: fixed-gap extrusion shelling, impact shelling, centrifugal collision shelling, and bionic shelling. The cone-basket shelling machine uses fixed-gap extrusion shelling. The gap between the moving cylinder and the fixed cylinder is fixed during the shelling process. Its greatest advantage is high productivity. Reducing the gap can increase the shell-kernel separation rate, but the walnut kernels will also be damaged, and the high-grade kernel rate will decrease.

[0004] For example, the patent number is CN201509581U, and the patent name is a new type of walnut and almond shelling machine, which includes a shelling device and a gap adjustment device. The upper half of the machine body is equipped with an active shelling housing and a passive shelling housing. The active and passive shelling housings are coaxial cones with different tapers. The lower half of the machine body is equipped with a worm and gear mechanism for adjusting the gap between the two shelling housings, and the shelling rate is relatively high. However, during the shelling process, the components in contact with the walnuts are all rigid elements, and the gap between the two shelling housings is fixed. The walnuts are repeatedly squeezed, resulting in damage to the surface of the walnut kernels. The patent number is CN213695626U, and the patent name is a vertical flexible walnut shelling machine, which includes an inner drum, an outer fixed drum, a feeding drum, a connecting drum, a separation drum, and a driving device. The walnuts fall into the gap between the inner drum and the outer fixed drum to complete extrusion and rubbing. A rubber ring is fixedly installed in the inner ring groove on the inner side of the outer fixed drum, which can reduce the damage rate of the walnut kernels during rubbing and achieve flexible shelling. In addition, a separation drum and a blower are provided corresponding to the position of the feeding drum, and further shell-kernel separation is achieved under the action of the blower. Although it can reduce rubbing damage to a certain extent, due to the narrowing of the gap between the outer fixed drum and the inner drum, it is easy to cause material blockage, resulting in a decrease in the shell-kernel separation rate.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a walnut shelling machine to improve the above problems. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a walnut shelling machine.

[0007] The utility model provides a walnut shelling machine, which comprises a frame. A casing is installed on the frame. A feed inlet is arranged at the top of the casing, and a discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the casing.

[0008] A shelling mechanism is arranged inside the casing.

[0009] The shelling mechanism comprises a moving cylinder. A gap is arranged between the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the moving cylinder. A rotating shaft is arranged at the top of the casing. The bottom end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the top of the casing and extends into the casing. The moving cylinder is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The part of the rotating shaft outside the casing is respectively connected with a power mechanism and a floating mechanism. The power mechanism is used to drive the moving cylinder to rotate, and the floating mechanism is used to adjust the gap and drive the moving cylinder to generate axial up-and-down floating. Driven by the power mechanism and the floating mechanism, the walnuts located in the gap are squeezed and rubbed in the horizontal plane and the vertical plane.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixed cylinder is also arranged inside the casing. The outer wall of the fixed cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the casing. The moving cylinder is located inside the fixed cylinder. A gap is formed between the inner wall of the fixed cylinder and the outer wall of the moving cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the floating mechanism comprises at least two long columns installed at the top of the casing. The bottom of the long columns is connected with the top of the casing.

[0012] An adjusting plate is arranged on the long columns. The two ends of the adjusting plate are respectively connected with the two long columns. The bottom of the adjusting plate is connected with a movable plate through an elastic element. The top end of the rotating shaft is connected with the movable plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the floating mechanism also comprises a top plate. The bottom of the top plate is respectively connected with the tops of the two long columns. A lead screw is rotatably arranged through the top plate. The top end of the lead screw is connected with a hand wheel, and the bottom end of the lead screw is connected with the top of the adjusting plate.

[0014] The adjusting plate is slidably connected with the long columns.

[0015] Furthermore, the power mechanism is a worm and worm gear reduction motor, and the worm in the worm and worm gear reduction motor is connected with the rotating shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner wall surface of the casing / the fixed cylinder is an inverted first conical surface.

[0017] The outer wall surface of the moving cylinder is an inverted second conical surface, and the inclination angle of the first conical surface is greater than that of the second conical surface, so that the gap gradually decreases as it approaches the bottom of the casing.

[0018] Furthermore, the shelling mechanism also comprises a moving cylinder core.

[0019] The moving cylinder is installed on the rotating shaft through the moving cylinder core, and an inclined downward cloth plate is arranged at the top of the moving cylinder, and the cloth plate is installed on the rotating shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, convex patterns are arranged on the wall surfaces on both sides of the gap;

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0022] In the walnut shell-breaking machine of the present utility model, a moving cylinder is arranged in the shell-breaking mechanism. When breaking the shell, the moving cylinder is driven by the extrusion of the walnut to drive the rotating shaft to slide upward. The upward movement of the movable plate arranged in the floating mechanism causes the spring to vibrate. At this time, the moving cylinder floats axially while rotating, so that the squeezing and rubbing forces on the walnut in the vertical and horizontal directions are the forces adaptive to walnut shell-breaking, thereby reducing the damage to the peach kernels and improving the shell-kernel separation rate; due to the rapid dropping of the walnuts under the influence of the up and down floating of the moving cylinder, multiple squeezes and material blockages can be avoided, and the damage to the peach kernels is reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0023] The following drawings only schematically illustrate and explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the scope of the present utility model, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a walnut shell-breaking machine of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 is a structural sectional view of a walnut shell-breaking machine of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the moving cylinder core of a walnut shell-breaking machine of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the moving cylinder of a walnut shell-breaking machine of the present utility model;

[0028] In the figure: 1-frame, 1.1-observation window, 1.2-cover plate, 1.3-machine shell, 1.4-discharge hopper, 1.5-feed hopper, 2-shell-breaking mechanism, 2.1-reduction motor, 2.2-cloth plate, 2.3-moving cylinder, 2.4-moving cylinder core, 2.5-fixed cylinder, 2.6-rotating shaft, 3-floating mechanism, 3.1-hand wheel, 3.2-screw rod, 3.3-top plate, 3.4-long column, 3.5-adjusting plate, 3.6-spring, 3.7-movable plate. Detailed Embodiments

[0029] To make the purpose, technical solution, design method and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0030] As Figures 1 - 3 shown, the present utility model provides a walnut shelling machine, which includes a frame 1. A casing 1.3 is installed on the frame 1. A feed inlet is provided at the top of the casing 1.3, and a discharge outlet is provided at the bottom of the casing 1.3;

[0031] A shelling mechanism 2 is arranged inside the casing 1.3;

[0032] The shelling mechanism 2 includes a moving cylinder 2.3. A gap is provided between the inner wall of the casing 1.3 and the outer wall of the moving cylinder 2.3. A rotating shaft 2.6 is provided at the top of the casing 1.3. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 2.6 penetrates the top of the casing 1.3 and extends into the casing 1.3. The moving cylinder 2.3 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2.6. The part of the rotating shaft 2.6 located outside the casing 1.3 is respectively connected to a power mechanism and a floating mechanism 3. The power mechanism is used to drive the moving cylinder 2.3 to rotate, and the floating mechanism is used to adjust the gap and drive the moving cylinder 2.3 to generate axial up and down floating. Driven by the power mechanism and the floating mechanism, the walnuts located in the gap are squeezed and rubbed in the horizontal and vertical planes;

[0033] Among them, the frame 1 includes four columns. The tops of the four columns are connected to the first fixing plate through fastening seats. The fastening seats are cylindrical fixing seats. The bottoms of the four columns are respectively connected to two second fixing plates through fastening seats. The first fixing plate is a rectangular plate. An annular hole is provided on the first fixing plate for the separated shell and kernel to fall into the discharge hopper 1.4, and the first fixing plate is also used to install the other end of the rotating shaft 2.6; Both second fixing plates are rectangular mounting plates;

[0034] Triangular plates are circumferentially connected to the outside of the casing 1.3 for strengthening the casing 1.3;

[0035] Further, a fixed cylinder 2.5 is also arranged inside the casing 1.3. The outer wall of the fixed cylinder 2.5 is connected to the inner wall of the casing 1.3. The moving cylinder 2.3 is located inside the fixed cylinder 2.5. A gap is formed between the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 2.5 and the outer wall of the moving cylinder 2.3;

[0036] Further, the floating mechanism includes at least two long columns 3.4 installed on the top of the casing 1.3. The bottoms of the long columns 3.4 are connected to the top of the casing 1.3;

[0037] An adjusting plate 3.5 is arranged on the long upright post 3.4, and two ends of the adjusting plate 3.5 are respectively connected to the two long upright posts 3.4; the bottom of the adjusting plate 3.5 is connected with a movable plate 3.7 through an elastic element, and the top end of the rotating shaft 2.6 is connected to the movable plate 3.7;

[0038] Wherein, the elastic element is a spring 3.6; the floating range of the moving cylinder 2.3 can be adjusted by replacing the spring 3.6;

[0039] Furthermore, the floating mechanism further includes a top plate 3.3, the bottom of the top plate 3.3 is respectively connected to the tops of the two long upright posts 3.4, a lead screw 3.2 is rotatably arranged through the top plate 3.3, a hand wheel 3.1 is connected to the top end of the lead screw 3.2, and the bottom end of the lead screw 3.2 is connected to the top of the adjusting plate 3.5;

[0040] The adjusting plate 3.5 is slidably connected to the long upright post 3.4;

[0041] It should be noted that the hand wheel 3.1 and the lead screw 3.2 are provided, and by rotating the hand wheel 3.1, the movement of the rotating shaft 2.6 is adjusted to adjust the gap between the moving cylinder 2.3 and the fixed cylinder 2.5, so that the walnuts can fall off in time after shelling, avoiding being squeezed multiple times and material blockage, so as to adapt to walnuts of different grades and varieties;

[0042] Wherein, the power mechanism is a worm and worm gear reduction motor, and the worm in the worm and worm gear reduction motor is connected to the rotating shaft 2.6;

[0043] Furthermore, the inner wall surface of the machine shell 1.3 / the fixed cylinder 2.5 is an inverted first conical surface;

[0044] The outer wall surface of the moving cylinder 2.3 is an inverted second conical surface, and the inclination angle of the first conical surface is greater than that of the second conical surface, so that the gap gradually decreases as it approaches the bottom of the machine shell 1.3;

[0045] Furthermore, the shelling mechanism 2 further includes a moving cylinder core 2.4;

[0046] The moving cylinder 2.3 is installed on the rotating shaft 2.6 through the moving cylinder core 2.4, and an inclined downward cloth plate 2.2 is arranged at the top of the moving cylinder 2.3, and the cloth plate 2.2 is installed on the rotating shaft 2.6;

[0047] Furthermore, convex patterns are arranged on the wall surfaces on both sides of the gap;

[0048] As Figure 4 shown, convex patterns are arranged on the outer side wall of the moving cylinder 2.3 and the inner side wall of the fixed cylinder 2.5, which are used to facilitate the separation of the shell and the kernel when squeezing and kneading the walnuts;

[0049] Among them, the fixed cylinder 2.5 is connected to the machine housing 1.3 by screws; the fixed cylinder 2.5 can be taken out of the machine housing 1.3 by removing the screws, and the moving cylinder 2.3 can be removed from the moving cylinder core 2.4 and cleaned and replaced if necessary; the frame 1 further includes a cover plate 1.2 and a transparent observation window 1.1. The cover plate 1.2 and the transparent observation window 1.1 are installed on the top of the machine housing 1.3. The feeding device is a feeding hopper 1.5, and the discharging device is a discharging hopper 1.4. The feeding hopper 1.5 is installed on the cover plate 1.2, and the top of the discharging hopper 1.4 is installed at the bottom of the machine housing 1.3; both the cover plate 1.2 and the transparent observation window 1.1 are arc-shaped structures;

[0050] It should be noted that the walnut shelling machine includes a frame 1, on which a machine housing 1.3 is installed. A shelling mechanism 2 is arranged inside the machine housing 1.3. The shelling mechanism 2 includes a moving cylinder 2.3. A gap is provided between the inner wall of the machine housing 1.3 and the outer wall of the moving cylinder 2.3. A rotating shaft 2.6 is provided at the top of the machine housing 1.3. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 2.6 penetrates the top of the machine housing 1.3 and extends into the machine housing 1.3. The moving cylinder 2.3 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2.6. The part of the rotating shaft 2.6 located outside the machine housing 1.3 is respectively connected to a power mechanism and a floating mechanism. The power mechanism is used to drive the moving cylinder 2.3 to rotate, and the floating mechanism is used to adjust the gap and drive the moving cylinder 2.3 to generate axial up and down floating. Driven by the power mechanism and the floating mechanism, the walnuts located in the gap are subjected to extrusion and rubbing in the horizontal and vertical planes. When the shell is broken, the moving cylinder 2.3 is driven by the extrusion of the walnuts to slide upward along the rotating shaft 2.6, and the vibration of the spring 3.6 is caused by the upward movement of the movable plate 3.7 arranged in the floating mechanism 3. At this time, the moving cylinder 2.3 rotates and floats axially at the same time, so that the extrusion and rubbing forces on the walnuts in the vertical and horizontal directions are the forces adaptive to walnut shelling, thereby reducing the damage to the peach kernels, enhancing the shelling and shell-kernel separation effects, increasing the shell-kernel separation rate, and improving the high-quality kernel rate. In addition, since the gap between the moving cylinder 2.3 and the fixed cylinder 2.5 can be adjusted by rotating the handwheel 3.1, and at the same time the moving cylinder 2.3 is subjected to the force in the vertical direction, the walnuts will fall off in time after being shelled, avoiding being extruded multiple times and material blockage, and reducing the damage to the peach kernels; both the fixed cylinder and the moving cylinder are detachable, which is convenient for cleaning and replacement;

[0051] Working process: The floating walnut shelling machine of the present application includes a frame 1, a shelling mechanism 2 and a floating mechanism 3; the shelling mechanism 2 includes a moving cylinder 2.3 and a fixed cylinder 2.5, and the shelling mechanism 2 includes a reduction motor 2.1. The reduction motor 2.1 drives the rotation of the rotating shaft 2.6, and the rotating shaft 2.6 drives the rotation of the moving cylinder 2.3. At this time, a gap is formed between the moving cylinder 2.3 and the fixed cylinder 2.5. The graded walnuts are put into the feeding hopper 1.5, and the walnuts fall into the gap after passing through the cloth plate 2.2, and the walnuts are squeezed by the moving cylinder 2.3 and the fixed cylinder 2.5. At this time, the moving cylinder 2.3 is also squeezed by the walnuts and floats axially. The moving cylinder 2.3 drives the sliding of the rotating shaft 2.6, and the rotating shaft 2.6 drives the sliding of the movable plate 3.7, causing the spring 3.6 to vibrate. At this time, the moving cylinder 2.3 rotates and floats axially at the same time, so that the walnuts are all squeezed and rubbed in the vertical and horizontal directions to produce shell breaking. The walnuts fall quickly under the influence of the floating of the moving cylinder, which can avoid being squeezed multiple times and material blockage, thereby reducing the damage of the kernels, and at the same time will not cause material blockage. At the same time, the shell and the kernel are further separated, the shell-kernel separation rate is improved, and they fall from the gap in time.

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of the terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application or the improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable other ordinary technicians in the technical field to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A walnut shelling machine, characterized in that: It comprises a frame, a casing is mounted on the frame, a feed inlet is arranged at the top of the casing, and a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the casing; A shell breaking mechanism is provided in the casing; The shell breaking mechanism includes a moving cylinder, a gap is arranged between the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the moving cylinder, a rotating shaft is arranged on the top of the casing, the bottom end of the rotating shaft passes through the top of the casing and extends into the casing, the moving cylinder is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the part of the rotating shaft located outside the casing is respectively connected with a power mechanism and a floating mechanism, the power mechanism is used to drive the moving cylinder to rotate, and the floating mechanism is used to adjust the gap and drive the moving cylinder to float up and down axially, and the walnuts located in the gap are squeezed and rubbed by the horizontal and vertical surfaces through the drive of the power mechanism and the floating mechanism.

2. A walnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed cylinder is also provided in the casing, the outer wall of the fixed cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the casing, the movable cylinder is located in the fixed cylinder, and the gap is formed between the inner wall of the fixed cylinder and the outer wall of the movable cylinder.

3. A walnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating mechanism comprises at least two long columns mounted on the top of the housing, and the bottoms of the long columns are connected to the top of the housing; An adjustment plate is arranged on the long column, and two ends of the adjustment plate are respectively connected to the two long columns; a movable plate is connected to the bottom of the adjustment plate through an elastic element, and the top end of the rotating shaft is connected to the movable plate.

4. A walnut shelling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The floating mechanism also includes a top plate, the bottom of which is respectively connected to the tops of the two long columns, a screw rod is rotatably arranged on the top plate, the top of which is connected to a hand wheel, and the bottom of which is connected to the top of the adjustment plate; The adjusting plate is slidably connected to the long column.

5. A walnut shelling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power mechanism is a worm gear reduction motor, and the worm wheel in the worm gear reduction motor is connected to the rotating shaft.

6. A walnut shelling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall surface of the casing / the fixed cylinder is an inverted first conical surface; The outer wall surface of the moving cylinder is an inverted second conical surface, and the inclination angle of the first conical surface is greater than the inclination angle of the second conical surface, so that the gap gradually decreases as it approaches the bottom of the casing.

7. A walnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell breaking mechanism also includes a moving cylinder core; The movable cylinder is mounted on the rotating shaft via a movable cylinder core, and a material distribution plate inclined downward is provided on the top of the movable cylinder, and the material distribution plate is mounted on the rotating shaft.

8. A walnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall surfaces on both sides of the gap are provided with convex patterns.

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