Ultrasonic precise multi-axis machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ultrasonic precise multi-shaft machine tool which comprises a machine tool body, a machine tool platform is arranged on the machine tool body, an ultrasonic spindle is arranged on the machine tool body and faces the machine tool platform, and a workpiece stress detection system is arranged on the machine tool platform. The workpiece stress detection system comprises a working table arranged on the machine tool platform and a plurality of stress sensing elements, the working table is used for placing a workpiece, and the stress sensing elements are arranged in the circumferential direction and / or the bottom of the working table and used for sensing transverse stress and / or axial pressure of the working table. The ultrasonic main shaft is arranged, ultrasonic high-frequency vibration energy is fused into the ultrasonic main shaft on the basis of traditional rotation energy, ultrasonic punching or milling machining is formed, the machining precision is high, the service life of a tool is long, the workpiece stress condition can be sensed in real time during machining through the workpiece stress detection system, and the situation that the workpiece is damaged due to too large cutting force is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tools, especially to the technical field of ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tools. Background Art

[0002] Due to the emergence of a large number of new materials, new structures, and precision parts with complex shapes, such as metal, hard and brittle materials, honeycomb core materials, etc., a series of urgent problems need to be solved in the mechanical manufacturing industry. The common five-axis machining machine tools on the market can only process some conventional materials, such as metals and hard plastics, and cannot process special materials such as hard and brittle materials and honeycomb core materials. It is very difficult to process these materials with traditional machining methods, so special machining technologies have emerged, and ultrasonic machining is one of them. In the past few decades, the development of ultrasonic machining technology has been rapid, and it has been widely studied and applied in the fields of deep small hole machining of ultrasonic vibration systems, grinding and polishing of wire drawing dies and cavity molds, and ultrasonic hybrid machining. Especially in the field of difficult-to-machine materials, many key process problems have been solved and good results have been achieved. Ultrasonic machining is very suitable for machining hard and brittle materials and will not damage the surface of the workpiece, so it is an ideal method for machining silicon workpieces.

[0003] The ultrasonic machining method is a new type of machining method that has been gradually developed in the past 50 years. In the machining of difficult-to-machine materials and precision machining, the ultrasonic machining method has technological effects that cannot be compared with ordinary machining and has a wide range of applications. The ultrasonic machining machine tool is composed of three parts: an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic vibration system, and the machining machine tool body. It is suitable for machining various non-conductive hard and brittle materials, honeycomb core materials with special structures, and parts such as holes, cavities, forming surfaces, thin walls, and thin sheets with complex shapes that are not easy to machine and cannot withstand large mechanical stresses.

[0004] Since hard and brittle materials are extremely prone to fragmentation when subjected to cutting forces, and the existing ultrasonic machining machine tools cannot accurately sense the force on the workpiece in real time during machining. When the cutting force is too large, the workpiece is subjected to a large force and is easily damaged. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems in the prior art and propose an ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool that can sense the force on the workpiece in real time during machining and avoid damaging the workpiece due to excessive cutting force.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present utility model provides an ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool, comprising a machine tool body, on which there is a machine tool platform, and an ultrasonic spindle is provided on the machine tool body, the ultrasonic spindle being oriented towards the machine tool platform. A workpiece force detection system is provided on the machine tool platform, and the workpiece force detection system includes a workbench provided on the machine tool platform and a plurality of force sensing elements. The workbench is used for placing a workpiece, and the force sensing elements are arranged circumferentially and / or at the bottom of the workbench and are used to sense the lateral force and / or axial pressure of the workbench.

[0007] Preferably, a seat for cooperating with the ultrasonic spindle is provided on the machine tool body, the ultrasonic spindle is fixedly arranged on the seat, and a spindle cutting force measurement system is arranged between the seat and the ultrasonic spindle.

[0008] Preferably, a 3D scanning probe detachably connected to the ultrasonic spindle is provided on the ultrasonic spindle, and a 3D scanning system cooperating with the 3D scanning probe is built in the machine tool body.

[0009] Preferably, a three-coordinate detection probe detachably connected to the ultrasonic spindle is provided on the ultrasonic spindle.

[0010] Preferably, a laser tool setter for cooperating with the ultrasonic spindle is provided on the machine tool platform.

[0011] Preferably, an installation groove adapted to the workbench is provided on the machine tool platform, the workbench is arranged in the installation groove, and a plurality of force sensing elements are arranged between the periphery and the bottom of the workbench and the installation groove.

[0012] Preferably, the machine tool body is a five-axis machine tool, including three linear coordinates and two rotational coordinates respectively.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool of the present utility model: By setting an ultrasonic spindle, the ultrasonic spindle incorporates ultrasonic high-frequency vibration energy on the basis of traditional rotational energy to form ultrasonic drilling or milling machining. Compared with traditional electric spindles, it has advantages such as small cutting force, high efficiency, little heat, low wear, few micro-cracks, high machining accuracy, and long tool life. By setting a workpiece force detection system on the machine tool platform, force sensing elements at multiple different positions are used to sense the force conditions in all directions during the machining of the workbench and the workpiece on the workbench, protecting the workpiece and the tool, and problems can be discovered in the first time. By setting structures such as a laser tool setter, a spindle cutting force measurement system, a 3D scanning probe, and a three-coordinate detection probe, from tool setting, machining to detection and correction, it is fully automatic, greatly saving labor and material costs and improving production efficiency.

[0014] The features and advantages of the present utility model will be described in detail through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of an ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of the second embodiment of an ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of the workpiece force detection system of an ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 Figure 4 is a schematic front sectional view of an ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool of the present utility model.

[0019] Wherein:

[0020] 1 - Machine tool body; 2 - Ultrasonic spindle; 3 - Workbench; 4 - Force sensing element; 5 - Spindle cutting force measurement system; 6 - 3D scanning probe; 7 - Coordinate measuring probe; 11 - Machine tool platform; 12 - Axle seat; 111 - Installation groove. Detailed Embodiment

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the scope of the present utility model. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present utility model.

[0022] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0023] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is customarily placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. The meaning of "several" is one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0024] In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "couple" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances. Embodiment 1:

[0025] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 4, the utility model relates to an ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool, including a machine tool body 1. In this embodiment, the machine tool body 1 is a five-axis machine tool, including three linear coordinates and two rotational coordinates, and can perform coordinated movement under the control of a computer numerical control (CNC) system for machining. It can complete multi-sided and multi-directional machining in one clamping, and change the postures of the tool and the workpiece according to the state of the workpiece. The angles can be adjusted at any time, so various complex parts can be machined. It can avoid the occurrence of tool interference, overcutting, and undercutting phenomena. A machine tool platform 11 is provided on the machine tool body 1, and an ultrasonic spindle 2 is provided on the machine tool body 1. The ultrasonic spindle 2 is arranged towards the machine tool platform 11. A workpiece force detection system is provided on the machine tool platform 11. The workpiece force detection system includes a workbench 3 provided on the machine tool platform 11 and five force sensing elements 4. The force sensing elements 4 are respectively arranged around and at the bottom of the workbench 3 for sensing the lateral force and axial pressure of the workbench 3. In this embodiment, by arranging the ultrasonic spindle 2 on the machine tool body 1, the ultrasonic spindle 2 integrates ultrasonic high-frequency vibration energy on the basis of traditional rotational energy to form ultrasonic drilling or milling machining. Compared with the traditional electric spindle, it has the advantages of small cutting force, high efficiency, small heat, low consumption, few microcracks, high machining accuracy, and long tool life. By arranging the workpiece force detection system on the machine tool platform 11, the force sensing elements 4 at multiple different positions sense the force conditions in each direction during the machining of the workbench 3 and the workpiece on the workbench 3, protecting the workpiece and the tool. Problems can be discovered in the first time. When the cutting force is greater than a certain range, the tool will retract and reprocess. If the workpiece is still under excessive force, it may be due to tool wear or other reasons. At this time, the machining will stop to protect the workpiece and continue machining after automatic tool change.

[0026] Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , an installation groove 111 adapted to the workbench 3 is provided on the machine tool platform 11. The workbench 3 is arranged in the installation groove 111, and five force sensing elements 4 are provided between the periphery and the bottom of the workbench 3 and the installation groove 111. The five force sensing elements 4 respectively sense the force conditions of the four sides and the bottom of the workbench 3, comprehensively analyzing the force conditions of the workpiece and the workbench 3.

[0027] Refer to Figure 1 , a three-coordinate detection probe 7 detachably connected to the ultrasonic spindle 2 is provided on the ultrasonic spindle 2. The three-coordinate detection probe 7 can measure workpieces that cannot be scanned by the 3D scanning probe 6, such as transparent workpieces like glass, or dimensions that cannot be scanned by the 3D scanning probe 6. When not in use, the three-coordinate detection probe 7 is placed in the tool magazine for standby. When measurement is required, the spindle tool head automatically changes the tool to the measurement probe, and the workpiece can be measured by cooperating with the rotational movement of the machine tool body 1 in each direction. Embodiment Two:

[0028] Refer to Figure 2 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, refer to Figure 1 , a shaft seat 12 for cooperating with the ultrasonic spindle 2 is provided on the machine tool body 1, the ultrasonic spindle 2 is fixedly arranged on the shaft seat 12, and a spindle cutting force measuring system 5 is arranged between the shaft seat 12 and the ultrasonic spindle 2. The spindle cutting force measuring system 5 can monitor the cutting force, torque and cutting power of the ultrasonic spindle 2. When the spindle cutting force exceeds the normal range, it will feedback to the machine tool body 1 to retract the tool and reprocess. If the spindle cutting force is still too large, it may be caused by tool wear. At this time, the tool will be automatically changed and reprocessed. This system and the workpiece force detection system work together to better protect some fragile workpieces and prevent them from being damaged during processing.

[0029] Refer to Figure 2 , a 3D scanning probe 6 detachably connected to the ultrasonic spindle 2 is provided on the ultrasonic spindle 2, and a 3D scanning system cooperating with the 3D scanning probe 6 is built in the machine tool body 1. During the processing, the 3D scanning probe 6 can automatically scan the three-dimensional digital model of the processed workpiece. When the 3D scanning probe 6 works, it can be installed on the ultrasonic spindle 2. When it does not work, it can be placed in the tool magazine. When measurement is needed, the tool is automatically changed to switch to the 3D scanning probe 6, and then the workpiece is comprehensively scanned to obtain the real-time digital model of the workpiece. During processing, the three-dimensional digital model of the processed workpiece is input, and the processing program is automatically compiled. After rough machining, 3D scanning is carried out. The scanned three-dimensional digital model is compared with the digital model already imported into the system to determine whether the processed workpiece meets the accuracy requirements. If there are deviations, the machine tool automatically corrects the processing parameters according to the comparison data and continues processing. The machine tool repeats this step until the required accuracy is achieved.

[0030] Refer to Figure 2 , a laser tool setter 8 for cooperating with the ultrasonic spindle 2 is provided on the machine tool platform 11. Automatic tool setting and correction of the tool deviation angle can be achieved through the laser tool setter 8.

[0031] Preferably, a communication module is built in the machine tool body 1, and the machine tool body 1 can be remotely controlled without on-site operation, which is more convenient to use.

[0032] Working process of the present utility model:

[0033] During the working process of the ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool of the present utility model, on the basis of the traditional rotational energy, the ultrasonic high-frequency vibration energy is incorporated into the ultrasonic spindle 2 to form ultrasonic drilling or milling processing. By setting a workpiece force detection system on the machine tool platform 11, the force sensing elements 4 at multiple different positions sense the force conditions on the four sides and the bottom of the workbench 3, and comprehensively analyze the force conditions of the workpiece and the workbench 3 to protect the workpiece and the tool.

[0034] The standard parts used in this application document can all be purchased from the market. The specific connection methods of each part all adopt conventional means such as bolts, rivets, welding, etc. that are mature in the prior art. The electric slide rail slider, cylinder, welding machine, electric telescopic rod and the internal components of the controller all adopt conventional models in the prior art, and their internal structures belong to the prior art structures. Workers can complete the normal operation of them according to the prior art manuals. Coupled with the circuit connection adopting the conventional connection method in the prior art, no specific description will be made here.

[0035] It should be noted that although the above-mentioned embodiments have been described in this article, the patent protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the present utility model, any changes and modifications made to the embodiments described in this article, or equivalent structural or equivalent process transformations made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present utility model, and directly or indirectly applying the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, are all included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool, comprising a machine tool body (1), wherein a machine tool platform (11) is provided on the machine tool body (1), characterized in that: An ultrasonic spindle (2) is provided on the machine tool body (1), the ultrasonic spindle (2) is arranged toward the machine tool platform (11), a workpiece force detection system is provided on the machine tool platform (11), the workpiece force detection system comprises a worktable (3) and a plurality of force sensing elements (4) arranged on the machine tool platform (11), the worktable (3) is used to place a workpiece, and the force sensing elements (4) are arranged on the circumference and / or bottom of the worktable (3) and are used to sense the lateral force and / or axial pressure of the worktable (3).

2. An ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool body (1) is provided with a shaft seat (12) for cooperating with the ultrasonic spindle (2); the ultrasonic spindle (2) is fixedly mounted on the shaft seat (12); and a spindle cutting force measurement system (5) is provided between the shaft seat (12) and the ultrasonic spindle (2).

3. The ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic main shaft (2) is provided with a 3D scanning probe (6) which is detachably connected thereto, and the machine tool body (1) is internally provided with a 3D scanning system which cooperates with the 3D scanning probe (6).

4. The ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic main shaft (2) is provided with a three-coordinate detection probe (7) which is detachably connected thereto.

5. The ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool platform (11) is provided with a laser tool setting device (8) for cooperating with the ultrasonic main shaft (2).

6. The ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool platform (11) is provided with a mounting groove (111) adapted to the workbench (3); the workbench (3) is arranged in the mounting groove (111); and a plurality of force sensing elements (4) are provided around the workbench (3) and between the bottom and the mounting groove (111).

7. The ultrasonic precision multi-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool body (1) is a five-axis machine tool, comprising three linear coordinates and two rotational coordinates.

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