Detachable scraper for shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machines, in particular to a detachable scraper for a shield tunneling machine. The cutter head comprises a cutter mounting seat and a cutter base body, the cutter mounting seat is welded on a cutter head steel structure, and the cutter base body is mounted on the cutter mounting seat; the structure further comprises a detachable alloy base body and hard alloy. The detachable alloy base body is connected to the tool base body in a clamped mode, and the hard alloy is installed on the detachable alloy base body. According to the cutter with the alloy and the easy-to-wear part capable of being independently replaced, the cutter with the structure can effectively reduce the time for replacing the cutter due to serious wear of the cutter of the shield tunneling machine, and meanwhile, only the alloy needs to be replaced when the cutter is maintained and replaced, so that the maintenance cost can be greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shield machines, and particularly relates to a detachable scraping tool for a shield machine. Background Art

[0002] The cutter of a shield machine plays an extremely important role in the tunneling process of the shield machine. The height, durability, etc. of the cutter have extremely important influences on the tunneling speed and efficiency of the shield machine. During the tunneling process of the shield machine, the scraping cutter has the following two functions: 1) Cutting function. When the shield machine tunnels, the cutting edge part of the cutter continuously embeds into the face, causing the muck on the face to continuously peel off and enter the soil bin, realizing the tunneling of the shield machine; 2) Protection function. During the cutting process of the cutter, the load received by the cutter head is mainly concentrated on the cutter, and the load received by the cutter head body is relatively small. Therefore, during the long-term tunneling process, the wear amount of the cutter is much larger than that of the cutter head body, playing a quite large protective role for the cutter head body.

[0003] On the existing cutter head of a shield machine, the scraping cutter is generally fixed on the cutter head by means of threaded connection or welding, and the height is a certain value. During the tunneling process of the shield machine, due to the continuous grinding action of the muck, the scraping cutter continuously wears at a certain rate. When the wear amount of the cutter is large, if the cutter is not replaced in time, the cutter head body will be damaged, resulting in damage and deformation of the steel structure of the cutter head. In severe cases, the thrust and torque of the cutter head will be too large, damaging the drive system; if the cutter is replaced, the entire cutter often needs to be removed because the alloy on the cutter is generally brazed on the body, and when replacing the cutter, the body needs to be replaced together. Due to the narrow underground space, it is inconvenient to replace the cutter, and the undamaged cutter body also needs to be replaced.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a detachable scraping tool for a shield machine to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model: When replacing the cutter of the existing shield machine, the entire cutter often needs to be removed because the alloy on the cutter is generally brazed on the body, and when replacing the cutter, the body needs to be replaced together. Due to the narrow underground space, it is extremely difficult to replace the entire cutter, which requires wasting a large amount of time and cost, thereby affecting the working efficiency of the entire shield machine.

[0006] The utility model provides the following technical solutions: A detachable scraping tool for a shield machine, comprising a cutter mounting seat and a cutter body. The cutter mounting seat is welded on the steel structure of the cutter head, and the cutter body is mounted on the cutter mounting seat; it further comprises a detachable alloy body and cemented carbide; the detachable alloy body is clamped on the cutter body, and the cemented carbide is mounted on the detachable alloy body.

[0007] Preferably, a T-shaped groove is formed on the tool substrate, and a T-shaped clamping block corresponding to the T-shaped groove is arranged on the detachable alloy substrate.

[0008] Preferably, two symmetric first screw holes are formed on both the upper side of the tool substrate and the T-shaped clamping block. The alloy part fixing screw is installed in the first screw hole, and the alloy part fixing screw passes through the first screw holes on the upper side of the tool substrate and the T-shaped clamping block to fix the detachable alloy substrate clamped on the tool substrate.

[0009] Preferably, second screw holes in a rectangular array are formed on both the lower side of the tool substrate and the tool mounting seat. The tool mounting screw is installed in the second screw hole, and the tool mounting screw passes through the lower side of the tool substrate to fix the tool substrate on the tool mounting seat.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0011] 1. By providing a tool that can separately replace the alloy and easily worn parts, the tool with this structure can effectively reduce the time required for tool replacement due to severe tool wear in the shield machine. At the same time, when the tool is repaired and replaced, only the part with the alloy needs to be replaced, which can greatly reduce the maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the tool installation of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the clamping of the T-shaped clamping block and the T-shaped groove of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tool of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 It is an enlarged view of II of the present utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 1, alloy part fixing screw; 2, tool substrate; 21, T-shaped groove; 3, tool mounting screw; 4, tool mounting seat; 5, detachable alloy substrate; 51, T-shaped clamping block; 6, cemented carbide; 7, first screw hole; 8, second screw hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present utility model. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model claimed, but merely represents some embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0019] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0020] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is usually placed during use. Such terms are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

[0021] It should also be noted that in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "arranged", "installed", "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] The embodiments of the present disclosure aim to solve the problem that when replacing the cutter of an existing shield machine, the entire cutter often needs to be removed because the alloy on the cutter is generally brazed to the body, and when replacing the cutter, the body needs to be replaced together. Due to the narrow underground space, the operation of replacing the entire cutter is extremely difficult, wasting a large amount of time and cost, and thus affecting the working efficiency of the entire shield machine. In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure propose a detachable scraping cutter for a shield machine. By providing a cutter that can replace the alloy and easily worn parts separately, the cutter with this structure can effectively reduce the time required for the shield machine to replace the cutter due to severe cutter wear. At the same time, when the cutter is repaired and replaced, only the part with the alloy needs to be replaced, which can greatly reduce the maintenance cost.

[0023] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, a detachable scraping cutter for a shield machine includes a cutter mounting seat 4 and a cutter body 2. The cutter mounting seat 4 is welded to the cutter head steel structure, and the cutter body 2 is installed on the cutter mounting seat 4. It is characterized in that: it further includes a detachable alloy body 5 and a cemented carbide 6; the detachable alloy body 5 is clamped on the cutter body 2, and the cemented carbide 6 is installed on the detachable alloy body 5;

[0024] By using the above cutter that can replace the alloy and easily worn parts separately, the cutter with this structure can effectively reduce the time required for the shield machine to replace the cutter due to severe cutter wear. At the same time, when the cutter is repaired and replaced, only the part with the alloy needs to be replaced, which can greatly reduce the maintenance cost.

[0025] As Figure 2 shown, a T-shaped groove 21 is formed on the cutter body 2. The T-shaped groove 21 is used for clamping with a T-shaped clamping block 51, so that the cutter body 2 is connected to the detachable alloy body 5; a T-shaped clamping block 51 corresponding to the T-shaped groove 21 is provided on the detachable alloy body 5; the T-shaped clamping block 51 is used to cooperate with the T-shaped groove 21 to install the detachable alloy body 5 on the cutter body 2. The form of using the T-shaped groove 21 and the T-shaped block for clamping is to increase the wear strength. By using the form of the T-shaped groove 21 for clamping, on the one hand, the clamping area between the cutter body 2 and the detachable alloy body 5 can be increased.

[0026] As Figures 3 to 4 shown, two symmetric first screw holes 7 are formed on both the upper side of the cutter body 2 and the T-shaped clamping block 51. A fixing screw 1 for the alloy part is installed in the first screw hole 7. The fixing screw 1 for the alloy part passes through the first screw holes 7 on the upper side of the cutter body 2 and the T-shaped clamping block 51 to fix the detachable alloy body 5 clamped on the cutter body 2.

[0027] Through the fixed fit between the first screw hole 7 and the fixing screw 1 of the alloy part, the tight fixation of the tool substrate 2 and the T-shaped clamping block 51 is realized, thereby ensuring the normal use of the detachable alloy substrate 5.

[0028] As Figures 3 to 4 shown, rectangular-arrayed second screw holes 8 are provided on the lower side of the tool substrate 2 and on the tool mounting seat 4. Tool mounting screws 3 are installed in the second screw holes 8. The tool mounting screws 3 pass through the lower side of the tool substrate 2 to fix the tool substrate 2 on the tool mounting seat 4.

[0029] During operation, this tool mainly replaces the easily worn parts of the tool with a detachable design. Since the tool alloy needs to be brazed on the substrate to ensure strength and prevent it from falling off during the working process, this tool retains the alloy and continues to be brazed on the substrate. To save the cost of repairing the tool, the remaining undamaged tool substrate 2 is retained, and the inlaid alloy and the surrounding easily worn substrate are made into a whole. During the cutting process of the tool, the alloy is stressed in the opposite direction of cutting. A T-shaped structure is added at the bottom of the detachable alloy substrate 5 to ensure strength, and a T-shaped groove is opened in the original tool substrate 2 so that the detachable alloy substrate 5 can be inserted into this T-shaped groove from the side of the tool substrate 2. To ensure that the detachable alloy substrate 5 does not come out from the side, two threaded holes are added at the bottom of the T-shaped structure and are connected to the original tool substrate 2 by screws.

[0030] When designing and installing the tool, it is necessary to ensure the strength of the T-shaped structure and the matching dimensions with the T-shaped groove. During installation, the alloy substrate to be installed can be gently inserted into the original tool substrate 2 with a hammer, and after being inserted into the fixed position, the two side screws can be screwed in. When disassembling the tool, it is necessary to first remove the side screws, and then use a hammer to knock out the alloy substrate to be replaced and its alloy together for replacement.

[0031] Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, the present utility model will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present utility model claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A detachable scraper for a shield machine, comprising a tool mounting seat (4) and a tool base (2), wherein the tool mounting seat (4) is welded to a cutter head steel structure, and the tool base (2) is mounted on the tool mounting seat (4); characterized in that: It also comprises a detachable alloy substrate (5) and a hard alloy (6); the detachable alloy substrate (5) is clamped on the tool substrate (2), and the hard alloy (6) is mounted on the detachable alloy substrate (5).

2. The detachable scraper for a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool base (2) is provided with a T-shaped slot (21), and the detachable alloy base (5) is provided with a T-shaped clamping block (51) corresponding to the T-shaped slot (21).

3. The detachable scraper for a shield machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two corresponding symmetrical No. 1 screw holes (7) are provided on the upper side of the tool base (2) and the T-shaped clamping block (51), and alloy portion fixing screws (1) are installed in the No. 1 screw holes (7). The alloy portion fixing screws (1) pass through the No. 1 screw holes (7) on the upper side of the tool base (2) and the T-shaped clamping block (51) to fix the detachable alloy base (5) clamped on the tool base (2).

4. The detachable scraper for a shield machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rectangular array of No. 2 screw holes (8) are provided on the lower side of the tool base (2) and the tool mounting seat (4), and tool mounting screws (3) are installed in the No. 2 screw holes (8). The tool mounting screws (3) pass through the lower side of the tool base (2) to fix the tool base (2) on the tool mounting seat (4).

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